Bi tho lun

Min dch chng ung th

Min dch chng ung th

Ung th l g?
Khng nguyn ung th

Vai tr ca p ng min dch chng ung th

Cc loi min dch chng ung th Ln trnh min dch

ng dng min dch hc trong ung th hc

Ung th l g?
Ung th l kt qu tng sinh khng kim sot c ca cc t bo thng qua con ng nguyn phn. S c ch sinh trng do tip xc b mt, cc t bo khng dnh cht vi nhau do phat trin ph ln cc t bo khc to thnh khi u.

Khng nguyn ung th

Trn b mt cc t bo u c tnh xut hin cc khng nguyn mi m cc t bo thng khng c.Mt vi khng nguyn ung th: Khng nguyn ghp c hiu ung th (TSTA): p ng c hiu mi xc nh trong thc nghim ghp m ung th. Khng nguyn kt hp ung th (TAA): l khng nguyn xut hin trong t bo ung th m t c t bo thng. Khng nguyn bo thai ung th (AFP) v protein thai cng thuc loi ny.

Th nghim min dch vi khng nguyn ung th do virus

Vai tr ca p ng min dch chng ung th

Nhng u rn sau khi tch ra c bng phu thut thnh thong cho thy b xm nhim nng n bi cc t bo n nhn khng lin quan n hoi t m, iu ny gi vai tr ca s khng c ngun gc min dch.Ngi ta pht hin cc t bo xm nhim c nhiu i thc bo, cc loi lympho khc nhau v mt s t bo khc (nh tng bo, t bo mast).

Vai tr ca p ng min dch chng ung th

S chuyn sang dng c tnh thng khin cc t bo ung th xut hin khng nguyn ung th (neoantigen) gip t bo min dch nhn bit v tiu dit cc t bo ung th.

Khng nguyn CA125

Cc loi min dch chng ung th

p ng t bo T
p ng t bo B Min dch t nhin

p ng t bo T
S hot ha t bo T chng ung th bao gm s hnh thnh ca tt c cc tiu lp t bo T: Th, Tc, Ts. T bo Tc nhn din khng nguyn ung th trong s phi hp vi cc sn phm MHC. S hot ha ny cng lm cho t bo T sn xut ra lymphokine cn cho s hot ha i thc bo v t bo NK.

p ng t bo T
Cc lymphokin thng gp: 1. Yu t c ch di tn (MIF) 2. Yu t hot ha i thc bo (MAF) 3. Yu t ha hng ng i thc bo (CMF) 4. Lymphotoxin (LT) 5. Yu t di truyn (TF) 6. Cc interferon (IFN) 7. Cc mitogen

p ng t bo T
Pht hin min dch t bo chng ung th Cc th nghim pht hin min dch t bo chng ung th thng c chia lm 3 nhm: Nhm 1 nh gi kh nng tng sinh ca t bo T Nhm 2 nh gi s sn xut Lymphokine Nhm 3 nh gi chc nng ca t bo hiu qu

p ng min dch chng t bo ung th

p ng t bo B
Khng th chng li cc loi khng nguyn ung th cng t ra ca vai tr nht nh trong c ch khng ca vt ch. Khng th c th trc tip tham gia ly gii t bo u hoc thu hut cc t bo c mang th th Fc (nh t bo NK v i thc bo) n ni c t bo ung th.

Min dch t nhin

Min dch t nhin c thc hin bi cc t bo c kh nng li gii t bo ung th mt cch t nhin, khng cn phi c mn cm trc . Trong min dch min dch t nhin chng ung th c 2 loi t bo c vai tr rt quan trng: T bo NK i thc bo

Min dch t nhin

T bo NK T bo NK c th nhn bit t bo ung th qua th th b mt transferin hin din trn t bo trong k phn chia hoc tc dng ln t bo u qua trung gian phn ng ADCC. C bng chng thc nghim cho thy NK tham gia vo qu trnh loi mnh ghp vi m ung th ghp vo, tham gia ngn cn s di cn v thi ty ghp.

Min dch t nhin

i thc bo Cng vi t bo NK, ai thc bo cng l nhng t bo hiu qu ca min dch t nhin. Qu trnh gy c t bo bao gm nhiu bin c k c ly gii v km hm t bo. i thc bo s tit cc cht hiu qu tc dng ln t bo ung th. Cng c mt s i thc bo tc dng theo hiu ng ADCC chng khi u.

i thc bo nhn din v tiu dit t bo ung th

Ln trnh min dch

C mt s c ch ln trnh min dch mnh gip cc t bo ung th ph v cc iu tr min dch cng nh p ng min dch t thn. 1. ng hc ung th: Phn ng loi mnh ghep ung th, cc t bo ung th nu qu it s khng b nhn din cho ti khi chng n nh v pht trin khng th kim sot. 2. Bin i tnh khng nguyn: Do nh mt, ti phn b, hoc ln vo bn trong t bo, cc khng nguyn c th thot khi s nhn bit ca khng th.

Ln trnh min dch

3. Che giu khng nguyn: Cc t bo ung th c th thot khi t bo min dch nh s gip ca nhng cht nh sialomucin hin din trn b mt t bo v che mt khng nguyn. 4. Dung np min dch 5. Yu t phong b: Khi KN ung th vo huyt thanh chng c th gn vi khng th tao thnh phc hp m phc hp ny c th c ch tnh gy c ca t bo T.

Ln trnh min dch

6. Cc sn phm ca khi u: Cc prostaglandin c th iu ha ngc p ng cc t bo NK. Mt s cht khc cng tc dng mt cch khng c hiu ln phn ng vim, ln tnh cht ha hng ng, dy chuyn hot ha b th. 7. By t bo Lympho: Cc t bo lympho dc hiu u c th b bt gi trong cc hch bch huyt nui dng u.

ng dng min dch hc trong ung th hc

Trong chn on ung th: Dng khng th pht hin cc khng nguyn ung th. Trong iu tr ung th: kch thch min dch bng vacxin hoc cc cht tng sinh min dch khng c hiu, khng th tr liu, vay mn min dch, cytokin tr liu.

ng dng min dch hc trong ung th hc

Can thip ch ng bng vacxin Vac xin c iu ch bng nhiu cch trong ch yu l gn thm cc quyt nh khng nguyn l vo t bo ung th tng cng tnh sinh min dch v trnh c s ln trnh min dch.

ng dng min dch hc trong ung th hc

Gy min dch ch ng khng c hiu: Ngi ta dng cc cht c kh nng gy bin i p ng sinh hc cho tc ng ln h thng min dch tng cng p ng min dch mt cch khng c hiu. C 2 loi vi khun thng c dng chit xut cc cht ny l vi khun lao v Clotridium parvum.

ng dng min dch hc trong ung th hc

Liu php min dch th ng: phng php ny, ngi ta chuyn cho ngi bnh nhng khng th chng ung th nhm ngn chn s pht trin cng nh kh nng ti pht ca bnh. Cc khng th n dng c gn thuc hoc cht phng x: c dng nh cc phng tin chuyn ch mang cc loi thuc chng ung th hoc cht phng x i thng n t bo ung th git n.

The end!