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: www.who.intttttt/healthinfo/global_barden_disease/2004_report_update/eni/index.html

12

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19


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Director General World Health Organization /
13 .. 2545

26


2-3

1. The Global Risk Network of the World Economic Forum (Citigroup, Marsh & McLennan Companies (MMC), Swiss Re,
Wharton School Risk Center, Zurich Financial Services). Global Risks 2009. Geneva Switzerland. January 2009; 36p.
2. World Health Organization (WHO). 2008 - 2013 action plan for the global strategy for the prevention and control of
noncommunicable diseases: prevent and control cardiovascular diseases, cancers, chronic respiratory diseases and diabetes.
WHO Document Production Services, Geneva, Switzerland. 2008; 42p.
3. Magnusson RS. Non-communicable diseases and global health governance: enhancing global processes to improve health
development. Globalization and Health 2007, 3:2.
4. World Health Organization (WHO) Project Team (Derek Yach, Rafael Bengoa, JoAnne Epping Jordan, etc.). Innovative Care
for Chronic Conditions: Building Blocks for Action: Global Report. WHO Document Production Services, Geneva, Switzerland.
2002; 99p.
5. Erhardt L, Moller R, Puig JG. Comprehensive cardiovascular risk management--what does it mean in practice?. Vascular
Health and Risk Management 2007: 3(5); pp.587-603.
6. Rachlis M. Presentation to the 38th Annual Mackid Symposium on Chronic Disease Management. Winnipeg, MB May
13, 2004.
7. Miranda J. J., Kinra S., Casas J. P., Davey Smith G. and S. Ebrahim. Non-communicable diseases in low- and middle-income
countries: context, determinants and health policy. Tropical Medicine and International Health. 2008. 13:10; pp 1225-1234.
8. The report on burden of disease and illness of Thais in 2004. Bureau of Health policy and planning. Ministry of
Public Health.

27

5
.

4 .

-
-
-
-

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(Policy Formulation)
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Van Meter and Van Horn

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33


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41



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42

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, 2544.
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5. . : . 2. :
, 2541.
6. WHO - SEARO. SEA - NCD 79 Scaling up prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases: The SEANET-NCD
meeting. Report of the meeting Phuket, Thailand, 22 - 26 October 2007.
7. WHO - SEARO. Capacity Strengthening of Policy Makers and Programme Managers for Prevention and Control of NonCommunicable Diseases in South-East Asia Region, Module 9A: Monitoring & Evaluation 2007.

46

7 ()

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53




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Public Health Intervention for Prevention and Control of Non-Communicable Diseases 2007.

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14. Committee on assuring the health of the public in the 21st century, board on health promotion and diseases prevention.
The future of the publics health in the 21st century. Washington, D.C: The National academic press; 2003. p.178-211.

83

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84

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( : )

87


5.3 5.4
5.3

()
-

5.4

88

- /

-
-
/
-

-
-

-

-

-
1
-

-
-
-

 5.4 ()

-
-
-
-

-
-
-

-
5 400

-
30 3
-
- 1
3

5.2 :
%
%
% pre-DM
%
% pre-HT
%

(pre-DM, pre-HT)

% /

% (BP, BS)

89



-
-
-
5.5 ()

-
- .
-
1
-

-
- .
-

1
-

-
- .
-
- .

()
15 - 69

NHES
5
.

40 - 74

BRFSS

15 - 69

NHES
.

40 - 74

BRFSS

BRFSS - Behavior Risk Factor Surveillance Survey

NHES - National Health Examination Survey
NSO - National Statistical Office
. -

90

 5.6 ()

- 15
-

-
-
-
( 2
1 ) 30
15

-
(

30 3 )
- 30
3
(
)
11
(
)
5

-
( 400 5 / )
-
( 24.9 . / .2 )
-
-

(
)

()
15 - 74

BRFSS
2

15 - 69
15+

NHES
NSO

5
3

15+

NSO

2552

15+
15 - 74

NSO
BRFSS

2552
2

15+

NSO

15 - 74

BRFSS

15 - 69

NHES

11+

NSO

2546 2547
2550

15 - 74

BRFSS

1 - 2

15 - 69

NHES

6+

91

 5.6 ()

()

15 - 69
15
15+
(
27.01 - 34 ) 2551 - 2552

NHES
5
NSO

NSO

2552

BRFSS

-
-
5.7 /

90 .
80 .
/

(Fasting Capillary Blood Glucose Fasting Plasma Glucose)

pre-DM DM
pre-HT HT
pre-DM DM

pre-HT HT

pre-DM (FPG) 3 - 6
pre-HT (BP) 3 - 6
pre-DM, DM, pre-HT, HT

18

/ /

/ /

()
15+
15+
15+
35+
35+
35+
35+
35+
35+

: 2552

92

 (Evaluation)
(Evaluation)




/





5.8
1
2

(Measurement)

(Describe)

(Standard)
(Judgement)

1 + 3

(Evaluation = Measurement +
Judgment)

(Stakeholder)

-
-

-

-

-
-

93

 4
(Learning and Development) (Outcome Mapping)
(Empowerment Evaluation)

5.2

2
/

- /

-
- /

-
-

: Kaufman, 1978

94

(Need Assessment)


/
/ (Project Appraisal /
Project Analysis)

(Formative Evaluation)

(Summative Evaluation)

/ /
-
/ / /

/ /
(Pre - Evaluation)

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

95

1.

1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
9)


2. :

3. :

4. :



5. :

CIPP Model Stufflebeam, Kirkpattricks Model

96

6. :
........................................

/
/

()

/

7.



8.


9.

(t-test) (F-test)
(Content Analysis)
10. 2
- 1 - 3
3
-

//
(Process evaluation of implementation processes)
(Summative Evaluation)

97

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

5.9

1.

2.

3.

-
-
/
-

98

/ /

- /

1.

2.

- /
3.

1.
- /
/
2.

-
/

1.
- /
-
2. -

/
3.

4.
- - /
5.
/

6. pre-DM, pre-HT

7. pre-DM, pre-HT
6-12
(FPG) / BP 3-6
8.
-

/
/
-

-
/

70

-

 (Learning and Development)

(Lesson Learned Visualizing) /
(Lesson Learned)

5.3

: Collison Chris and Parcell Geoff, 2004. p19.

(Knowledge sharing) ()
(trust)
(motivation)

99

 5.10

(Learn Before)

(Learn During)

(Learning after, Retrospective)

(Peer Assist)

(After Action Review : AAR)

-
- (Best Practice)

-
-

-

5.11 (After Action Review) (Retrospective)

1. ?

2. ?

(After Action Review)

-
-
-
-
-

3. ?
4. ?

-
-
-

5. ?

4
-
-
-
-

100

(Retrospective)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- AAR (indepth)
-
-




-
(Specific Actionable Recommendations-SARs)

 5.4 (AAR Retrospective)

AAR3
AAR-

AAR2

AAR-

AAR1

Retrospective

( / )

(Knowledge Map)
/ ( )

(Best Practice)

101

2-3

1.
2.

1. . . : , 2531.
2. . . : , . ().
3. ,
, 2521.
4. . . 3 : . . , 2551.
5. . 6 2552.
6. . . : , 2525.
7. . : . : , 2542.
8. . : . 3 2549.
9. . . :
, 2541.
10. Adam, John R., and Brandt, Stephen E., Behavioral Implication of the project Life Cycle in David Cleland and William R.
King ed. Project Management Handbook. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1988.
11. Popham, W. James, Educational Evaluation. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1975.
12. Tyler, R.W., Basic Principles of Curriculum and Instruction, Chicago: U. of Chicago Press, 1949, pp. 104-126.
13. Tyler, R.W., (ed.) Perspectives of Curriculum Evaluation, AERA Monograph Series on Curriculum Evaluation, No.1, Chicago:
Rand McNally, 1967.
14. Worthen, B.R. and Sanders, J.R., Educational Evaluation: Theory and Practice. Ohio: Charles A. Jones, 1973.

102


. 1 ()
(Non - communicable Disease: NCD)

(Unhealthful lifestyles and environment)

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

(
)
2 ( )
( )
3
(Health determination)

103

*
(
/
/)
*

(
/

-
-

-
-
-

-
-

-
-

-
-

2
1.
10
()

2.

1-5
1.5

104






120/80
120-139/80-89
120/80 140/90

3 130/80
-- 100

4 1) (Triglycerides) 2) (Phospholipids)
3) (Cholesterol) 4) Free Fatty Acid
* 3

2 -- --
-- ( )

200
--


--
-- 130-160

-- 70-100

-- --
--
60 -- 40

-- --

105

 --

--
150

--

15 32 36

3-4 30-40

( 5
5 1 )

1 - 2 2 1
--

106




1. (Distribution)
2. (Determinant)
3. (Human population)
4. (Dynamic of Disease)
5. (Disease and non - disease conditions)
6. (Infections and non - infections diseases)
7. (Prevention and Control)


( )
( )

107

. 2
2
1.
2. 4


2
1. (Descriptive Statistics)
2. (Inferential Statistics)
( )

1. (Facts) (Reasoning Power)

2. (Planning)
3. (Research)
4. (Evaluation)

1. (Frequency distribution)

(Frequency)
(frequency distribution)
70 20 5 20 - 39 8
40 - 49 12 50 - 59 15 60 30

108

2. (mean)

(Mean)

X =

5 40, 36, 32, 28 38

(40 + 36 + 32 + 28 + 38) = 34.8
5
3. (Ratio)
100 40 60
40/60 2 : 3
4. (Proportion)
30
5. (rate)

( )

= X

1)
2)
3)

( )
1. (Morbidity Rates) 2. (Mortality Rates)
2 (Incidence) (Prevalence)
(Existing case)
***Prevalence case = New case + Existing case

1. (Incidence rate)
(New case) (a period of time)

Incidence Rate = X x K
Y

109

X = ( )
Y =
K = 100 1,000 10,000 100,000
= 1 ()

1)
2)
3)
4)
( )
2. (Prevalence rate)
()
(a point of time) (a period of time)

Prevalence Rate = X x K
Y
(Point prevalence) (period prevalence)

1)
2)
3)

1. (Mortality rates)
1.1 (Crude Death rate)
/

X x K
CDR =
Y
X =
Y =
K = 100 1,000 10,000 100,000

1)
2)

110

1.2 (Case Fatality Rates)

CFR = X x K
Y
X =
Y =
K =

1)
2)
2. (Adjusted Death Rate or Standardized Death Rate)




2.1 (Direct standardization)

2 2
() 2 (Expected
deaths) (Adjusted deaths rates)
1.
(Expected deaths)
2.
3.
4.
. 1

P1
P2
P3
Pi

D1
D1/P1
D2
D2/P2
D3
D3/P3
Di
Di/Pi

3Pi

3 Di

(CDR) = 3Di
3Pi

P1
P2
P3
Pi

De1 = D1/P1 X Ps1

De2 = D2/P2 X Ps2
De3 = D3/P3 X Ps3
Dei = Di/Pi X Psi

X
X
X
X

3Psi

3Dei

(standardized CDR) = 3 Di
3Psi

111

2.2 (Indirect Standardization)

(
)

. 2

Ps1
Ps2
Ps3
Psi
3Psi
CDRps = 3Di
3Pi

Ds1
Ds1/Ps1
Ds2
Ds2/Ps2
Ds3
Ds3/Ps3
Dsi
Dsi/Psi
3 Dsi

P1
P2
P3
Pi
3Pi

X
X
X
X

De1
De2
De3
Dp
K = Dp
3Dei

K = Dp
3Dei
Standardized CDR = CDR K

112

. 3 /


/

/ / (Policy maker)

(Program manager) /

/
(advocacy) (leadership) (strategic planning) (system design)
(coordination) (program implementation) (evaluation)

/

2 (Surveillance System) (Monitoring)
(Surveillance System)


-
- /
-
-
.1
. 1 (Surveillance System)

()

113




-
-
-
-




(Monitoring)

(MIS)



- ( 25 - 64 )
-
-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-

114

. 4

2
1)
2)
.2
2

( )

()

115


()
()
()
()

............................................................

(Policy cycle)
(Policy Formulation)
(Policy Approval)
(Policy Implementation)
(Policy Evaluation)
(Policy Development)
. 3 (Policy Cycle)

Policy Development

Policy Formulation

Policy Evaluation

Policy Approval

Policy Implementation

1)
(System Model)

. 4
. 4
ENVIRONMENT

INPUT

Demands
Support
ENVIRONMENT

116

ENVIRONMENT
THE POLITICAL Decisions and
OUTPUT
SYSTEM
Actions
ENVIRONMENT

 (Institution Model Institutionalism)

( )
. 5
. 5

(Elite Model Elite Theory)

. 6
. 6

(Interest Group Pluralistic Model Group Model Group Theory)

(David Truman)
(Arthur Bentley)

1.
2.
3.
4.

117

2)
(Rational Comprehensive Model)

7
7

(Incremental Model)

8
8

(Mixed - Scanning Model)
/
9
9

118




(Rational Model)


. 10
. 10 /
(IV)

(DV)

(Management Model)

. 11

119

 . 11
(IV)

(DV)

(Organization Development Model)

. 12
. 12
(IV)

(DV)

120

 (Bureaucratic Processes Model)

. 13
. 13
(IV)

(DV)

(Political Model)
/
/
. 14
. 14
(IV)

(IV)

121

 (General Model) 3
1)
2)
3) . 15
. 15
(IV)

(DV)

122



. 16
. 16

Strategy Map

123

 . 17

*
* Balanced Scorecard

*
*
*

*
*
*

* SWOT
*

*
*

*
*
*
*

*
*

* Decision Analytics
* Strategic Risks

*
* Management Cockpit
* Dashboard

*
*
*

. 18

124

(Vision)

(Mission)

(Strategic Issues)

(Target)

(Key Performance)
Indicators)

(Goals)

(Strategies)

(Projects)

(Budget)

 . 19

(Plan)

125

 ( )
() (
)
1) 2)
1) . 20
. 20
1.

3.

2.

2) / /

10 15 20 2 - 5

. 21

1.
2.

126

3.
4. /

5.
6.
7.
8.

. 22
. 22

. 23

127

 (Program)
(Implementing activities)
2

-

(Project)

(Task) (Activity)

. 24
. 24

Project Design

Implementation

Project Evaluation

25

Goal
Purpose
Output
Input

128


1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.

5 : SMART
S
M
A
R
T

=
=
=
=
=

Specific ()
Measurable ()
Attainable ()
Reasonable ( )
Time ()

129

. 5 () .. 2550-2559
(Thailand Healthy Lifestyle Strategic Plan 2007-2013)

:

:

:

: 4
1)
2)
3)
4)
4 1) 2) 3) 4)
: 3
:
:
:

1.1

130

1.1.1 (
)
1.1.2 / :
/ /

(
1 ,
, ... )

.
.
. . .
.
.
. .
.
/

1.2

1.2.1 / :
(
: food national guideline,
: healthy snack,
)
1.2.2 (
)
1.2.3
()

1.2.4
(
)

1.3

1.3.1 (

)
1.3.2

1.3.3

1.4

1.4.1

1.4.2

. .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. .

.
.

()
.
.
. .
.
. .
.
.
.
.
. . .

. .
.
.

. .

. . .
.

. .

131

2.1
2-1 .

( .


(., .)


. . .

.
2.2 / 2-2
.
/

.
/

.
/

2-3

3.1

132

3.1.1
3.1.2
(
: Energy accounting


)
3.1.3

.
.
.
. . ..

 4
(Care & Surveillance)

4.1
4.1.1
. .

( .

:
. .

Chronic care model )

4.2

4.2.1 (Comprehensive surveillance)

National
electronic health records, effect

.
. .
. .
.
.

4.3

4.3.1 (Comprehensive / Composite screening)

/
(
)
4.3.2

(.)

. .
. .

4.4

4.4.1 (
)
4.4.2

, Clinical Practice Guideline
, (Disease Registry),
(Disease report), Assessment center National
health surveillance, monitoring and evaluation
4.4.3 (System Quality
Improvement)
4.4.4
4.4.5

4.4.6
4.4.7

. .

. .
.
.

4.5

4.5.1
( )

. .

133

5.1
5.1.1
.

. .

5.2

5.2.1
(

: work system model, MIS system
)

. . .

. . .
. (.)
.

5.3

5.3.1
( )

. . .
.
(.)
.

5.4

5.4.1

. .
. .

134


(Monitoring & Evaluation)
(Monitoring)
/

(Monitoring system)

-
-
-
-

6
1 (Identify information needs)



-

135

(Input)
(Process)

(Output) (Outcome)
(Impact)

2
/
1.
/

2. /

1)
2)
3)

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

1)

2)

1.
/
2.

136

4 /

6
1. 2

2.

(Evaluation)
(Evaluation)
/

1)

2)

3)

1. Formative evaluation /

2. Process evaluation

3. Outcome evaluation

137


1. Concurrent or Periodic evaluation
/

2. Mid - term evaluation


3. End-line evaluation




1)


2)
Outcome End-line evaluation


(What) (How)

. 1
. 1
INPUTS

PROCESS

OUTPUTS

PRIMARY
EFFECTS

BEHAVIOR
CHANGE

HEALTH STATUS
CHANGE

EVALUATION

(Areas of Evaluation)


1) (Evaluation of System Components) (Goal) (Strategy)
(Input) (Process) (Output) (Planning and Implementation)
(Effectiveness)
2) (Evaluation of Financial System)
3) (Performance Evaluation)

138

4) (Economic Evaluation) Cost Benefit Analysis, Cost Effectiveness, Cost Utility Analysis
5) (Evaluation of Quality of Services) (Structure) (Process)
(Outcome)
2

Area of Evaluation
Evaluation of Financial Systems
Performance Evaluation
Economic Evaluation
Cost Benefit Analysis
Cost Effectiveness Analysis
Cost Utility Aualysis

Evaluation of System Components

Goal
Effectiveness
Inputs
Process
Output
Strategy
Planning & Implementation
Evaluation of Quality of Services
Structure
Process
Outcome

1.

2.

3.
4.
/

5.
6.

139

- ()
( ) (
)
- /

- /

- /

-

/
1.

2.

3.

140

 /
4.

5.

8 - 10

6.

7.

8.

141

.
.... / /

....
...........
......
... ....

1.
....
....
....
....
2.
....
....
....
....
3.
....
....
....
....
4. (
)
....
....
....
....
....
5. ()
....
....
....
....

142

6.
....
....
....
....
7. ( )
....
....
....
....
8. (
)
....
....
....
....
9. ( )
....
....
....
....
.
(...)

143


National Capacity Strengthening Workshop for
Programme Managers on Integrated Prevention and Control
of Non-communicable Diseases (WHO)
(Key Messages) 10
1
1. (Non-communicable Disease; NCDs) /


2. 54

3. (
)

4. (capacity strengthening)

2
1.

2. (health service)

3.

4.
5.

3
1.

2.
3.

144

4.

5.

4
1.

2. (
)
3. (Life course perspective)

4.
5. (population-wide approach)
(high-risk approach)

5
Section A:
1.

2.
3.
4.
5.

6.
Section B:

6
1.

2.

3.

7
1.

2.

3.
4. /

145

 8
1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

9A
1.

2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

9B Cost Effectiveness of Interventions

1.
2.
3.
4.

Cost profiles

10 Global, Regional and National Initiatives for Prevention and Control of NCDs
1.
2.

146

-
-
- Master of Public Health (Chronic Disease Epidemiology) Tulane University School of Pubic Health, USA


-
- ()
- ()
- 3
- ( : ) ( )
.

-
- () .. 2533
- .. 2541
- .. 2551

9 .
- ()
- DIPLOMA IN DERMATOLOGICAL SCIENCE University of Wales College of Medicine, Cardiff, UK. ()
- () ()
-
- ( 9)
-

-
-
-

5
-

4 .
- ()
- ()
-


-
- (..)
- (..)


- ()
- ()

147

1.

1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)

2.

..


.
..
.

National Professional Officer (Monitoring and Evaluation), WHO Thailand

1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
9)
10)
11)
12)
13)

148

5 .
7 .
12 .
5 ()