GII THIU BO V IN P V RLE IN P PH5354

Phn 11:

HNG DN VN HANH - TH NGHIM

RLE QUA - KEM AP PH53, PH54
I. GII THIU CHUNG :
Cht lng in nng cung cp c anh gia qua 2 chi tiu ma in ap n inh la
mt trong 2 chi tiu quan trong o. in ap cao qua hay thp qua u anh hng ln n
cht lng in nng, tui tho va kha nng lam vic cua thit bi tiu thu in, anh hng
n moi mt trong i sng kinh t, chinh tri, xa hi va an ninh quc phong. Vi vy vic
phat hin va ngn nga cac tinh trang bt thng trong n inh in ap cn phai c
t ra trong cac s bao v, iu khin. Bao v in ap c chia thanh 02 loai : bao v
qua in ap va bao v kem in ap.
1. Chc nng bao v qua in ap : Phn t bao v loai nay lam vic theo s tng cua
cac thanh phn in ap. Khi in ap a vao phn t bao v vt qua tri s t cua no, rle
se tac ng khep cac tip im u ra a tin hiu lam vic cua bao v qua in ap n cac
c cu chp hanh hoc canh bao tin hiu.
2. Chc nng bao v kem ap : Phn t bao v loai nay lam vic theo s giam cua cac
thanh phn in ap. Khi in ap a vao phn t bao v giam thp vt qua tri s t cua
no, rle se tac ng khep cac tip im u ra a tin hiu lam vic cua bao v kem in ap
n cac c cu chp hanh hoc canh bao tin hiu.
Tin hiu in ap a vao rle co th la mt trong hoc cac thanh phn th t thun,
th t nghich, th t khng. Tng ng vi cac tin hiu in ap cung cp, ta se co cac loai
rle bao v qua - kem ap th t thun, th t nghich, va qua ap th t khng (cham t).
II. NGUYN LY LAM VIC CUA CHC NNG QUA - KEM AP :
1. Nguyn ly lam vic cua chc nng bao v qua ap :
Bao v qua ap co nhim vu bao v cac thit bi in khoi cac tinh trang tng in ap
khng cho phep.
Qua ap co th xut hin do mt tinh trang vn hanh khng chinh xac cua cac h
thng kich thich, li h hong trong b iu chinh in ap, s sa thai tai cua cac may phat
in hay cac may phat bi tach lia ra khoi h thng.
Tin hiu in ap t mach nhi th cua may bin in ap TU sau khi vao rle se c
bin i thanh cac tin hiu phu hp va/hoc loc nh cac b loc, a vao c cu so sanh.
y se so sanh tin hiu nhn c vi cac ngng t lam vic cua rle. Nu gia tri nay
ln hn ngng t thi khi so sanh se cho tin hiu u ra a n cac c cu tao thi
gian tr cua bao v. Sau khi thi gian tr kt thuc thi tin hiu u ra cua b phn tao thi
gian tr se tac ng n cac c cu trung gian (nu co) va c cu chp hanh.
2. Nguyn ly lam vic cua chc nng bao v kem ap :
Bao v kem ap co nhim vu bao v cac thit bi in khoi cac tinh trang giam in ap
khng cho phep, ngn nga cac tinh trang vn hanh khng cho phep va co th gy mt n
inh.
Kem ap co th xut hin do mt tinh trang s c trong h thng in, co th la s c
ngn mach hoc mt tinh trang mt i xng khac cua li.

Tin hiu in ap t mach nhi th cua may bin in ap TU sau khi vao rle se c
bin i thanh cac tin hiu phu hp va/hoc loc nh cac b loc, a vao c cu so sanh.
y se so sanh tin hiu nhn c vi cac ngng t lam vic cua rle. Nu gia tri nay
thp hn ngng t thi khi so sanh se cho tin hiu u ra a n cac c cu tao thi
gian tr cua bao v. Sau khi thi gian tr kt thuc thi tin hiu u ra cua b phn tao thi
gian tr se tac ng n cac c cu trung gian (nu co) va c cu chp hanh.
3. Nguyn ly lam vic cua chc nng bao v qua ap th t khng :
Cung tng t nh chc nng bao v qua ap, bao v qua ap th t khng phan ng
vi cac tinh trang tng gia tri cua in ap th t khng xut hin khi co cham t trong
mang.
in ap th t khng co th nhn c theo mt trong 2 cach :
- La tng cua 3 in ap pha 3U0 = (UA + UB + UC) hoc
- La in ap nhn c t cun dy ni tam giac h cua TU.
Khi co cham t hoc s c trong mang, in ap th t khng xut hin va tng ln. Khi
gia tri vao rle vt qua gia tri t trc, rle se khep tip im cua no a tin hiu n
cac trung gian hoc c cu chp hanh.
II. S U NI CUA RLE PH 53, PH 54:
~
TU

2
AC/DC

PH53/PH54

S u ni rle bao v in ap PH53/ PH54

III. NGUYN LY LAM VIC CUA RLE PH53, PH54 :
1.- Nguyn ly lam vic cua rle PH53 :
Rle PH53 la loai rle in c thc hin chc nng bao v qua in ap. Nguyn ly
lam vic cua rle nay co th m ta nh sau :
Tin hiu in ap t mach nhi th cua may bin in ap sau khi vao rle se c nn
thanh tin hiu mt chiu. Khi in ap vao rle u ln, lc in t do no sinh ra thng c
lc can cua mmen xon cua lo xo lam dich chuyn c cu a tip im ng khep vao
tip im tinh cua rle a tin hiu n tac ng cac c cu chp hanh.
2.- Nguyn ly lam vic cua rle PH54 :
Rle PH54 la loai rle in c thc hin chc nng bao v kem in ap. Nguyn ly
lam vic cua rle nay co th c m ta nh sau :

Binh thng in ap a vao rle u ln va lc in t ma no sinh ra u ln

thng c lc can cua lo xo lam tip im ng ri khoi tip im tinh cua no. Khi in
ap a vao rle giam xung di gia tri t cua no thi luc nay mmen quay do lc in t
sinh ra khng u thng c mmen can cua lo xo lam rle tr v vi tri ban u di tac
ng cua sc cng lo xo.
IV. U NI MACH IN AP VA CHINH INH TRI S T :
Mach in ap u vao cua rle co th c ni qua 1 hoc 2 in tr. Khi in ap
u vao c ni qua 1 in tr, in ap tac ng cua rle se bng vi cac gia tri t trn
thang t cua rle. Khi in ap u vao c ni qua 2 in tr, in ap tac ng se tng
gp 2 ln so vi cac gia tri t trn thang t.
Nh vy t mach u ni cua mach in ap co th t cac tri s t cho s lam vic
cua rle thc hin chc nng bao v.
Khi mach in ap vao rle c ni qua 2 in tr thi tri s t trn thang se bng
1/2 tri s t mong mun, con khi mach in ap ni qua 1 in tr thi tri s t trn thang
t cua rle se bng ung gia tri t mong mun.
chinh inh tri s t cho bao v, gat cn gat trn thang t n gia tri mong
mun vi chu y n s ni cua mach in ap vao rle.
V. TH NGHIM RLE BAO V IN AP PH53, PH54 :
1.- Cac chun bi ban u :
+ Mt hp b phat in ap n 200V,
+ Mt ng h van nng o in ap, o kim tra tip im,
+ Cac dy ni thi nghim,
+ Ngun thi nghim.
2.- Th nghim rle bao v qua in ap PH53 :
Thc hin theo cac bc th nghim sau y :
+ Kim tra c khi cua rle :
- S dich chuyn cua phn ng phai d dang quanh truc cua no ma khng co ma sat
ln,
- Khe h doc truc cua phn ng nm trong gii han 0,2 0,3mm,
- Khe h gia gia cua phn ng va cac cc mach dn t khi phn ng a bi hut phai
u nhau va bng 0,55mm,
- Khe h gia tip im tinh va tip im ng trang thai m vao khoang 2,5mm,
- Goc quay cua phn ng va ca cach b tri cac tip im tinh i vi phn ng phai
loai tr c kha nng cham cu vao mt u cua tip im tinh khi quay phn ng
lam ong cac tip im,
- Phn ng mang cu tip im ng tip xuc vi tip im tinh vi tri cach mep
ngoai khng xa va trt doc theo ng trung binh,
- nen cua tip im thng m khi phn ng bi hut phai bng vi nen tip
im thng ong khi nha phn ng (khoang 0,3mm),
- Khi dich chuyn cn gat tri s t trn thang t cua rle, cac vong cua lo xo xon
c khng c cham nhau bt ky vi tri nao cua thang o.
+ Kim tra tri s tac ng cua rle :
- Cung cp mt in ap xp xi vi gia tri in ap t trn thang rle.

Kim tra rle khng tac ng, phn ng khng dich chuyn. Tng dn gia tri in
ap cung cp cho rle cho n khi rle tac ng, phn ng dich chuyn lam tip im
ng khep vao tip im tinh cua no. Ghi lai gia tri tac ng nay.
- Giam dn in ap cho n khi phn ng tr v lai vi tri ban u cua no. Ghi tri s
in ap thi im phn ng lam dich tip im ng ra khoi tip im tinh.
- Kim tra h s tr v (Ktv = in ap tr v/ in ap tac ng) at khoang 0,85
0,87.
- H thng ng cua rle phai lam vic chc chn, khng dng lai vi tri trung gian
khi rle tac ng va tr v. Cac tip im phai lam vic chc chn, n inh, khng
bi rung.
- Trng hp rle co tri s tac ng ln hn so vi tri s t thi cn a vit chn
traii vao gn phn ng hoc un cong cac tip im thng ong va tng xon
cua lo xo. Cac thao tac hiu chinh nay se tin hanh theo hng ngc lai nu tri s
tac ng cua rle nho hn so vi tri s t.
- H s tr v cua rle c hiu chinh bng cach iu chinh vi tri cua phn ng nh
vit phai va bng cach un cong cac tip im thng m.
- Tham chiu thm tai liu rle anh gia cht lng va kha nng lam vic n inh
cua no.
3.- Th nghim rle bao v kem in ap PH54 :
Thc hin theo cac bc th nghim sau y :
+ Kim tra c khi cua rle :
- S dich chuyn cua phn ng phai d dang quanh truc cua no ma khng co ma sat
ln,
- Khe h doc truc cua phn ng nm trong gii han 0,2 0,3mm,
- Khe h gia gia cua phn ng va cac cc mach dn t khi phn ng a bi hut phai
u nhau va bng 0,55mm,
- Khe h gia tip im tinh va tip im ng trang thai m vao khoang 2,5mm,
- Goc quay cua phn ng va ca cach b tri cac tip im tinh i vi phn ng phai
loai tr c kha nng cham cu vao mt u cua tip im tinh khi quay phn ng
lam ong cac tip im,
- Phn ng mang cu tip im ng tip xuc vi tip im tinh vi tri cach mep
ngoai khng xa va trt doc theo ng trung binh,
- nen cua tip im thng m khi phn ng bi hut phai bng vi nen tip
im thng ong khi nha phn ng (khoang 0,3mm),
- Khi dich chuyn cn gat tri s t trn thang t cua rle, cac vong cua lo xo xon
c khng c cham nhau bt ky vi tri nao cua thang o.
+ Kim tra tri s tac ng cua rle :
- Cung cp mt in ap bng inh mc vao rle.
- Kim tra phn ng cua rle ang khep vao ma trai cua tip im tinh. Giam dn gia
tri in ap cung cp cho rle cho n khi rle tac ng, phn ng dich chuyn lam
tip im ng tr v khep vao tip im tinh bn phai cua no. Ghi lai gia tri tac
ng nay.

Tng tr lai in ap cung cp cho n khi phn ng ri khoi tip im tinh v bn

phai cua no. Ghi tri s in ap thi im phn ng lam dich tip im ng ra
khoi tip im tinh.
- Kim tra h s tr v (Ktv = in ap tr v/ in ap tac ng) at khoang 1,15
1,25.
- Cach hiu chinh cac sai khac gia tri s tac ng va tri s t thc hin tng t
nh i vi trng hp rle bao v qua in ap PH53.
Tham chiu cac thng s ky thut cua rle kt lun cht lng va kha nng lam vic n
inh cua rle.
VI. TIU CHUN ANH GIA :
Mt s cac yu cu i vi rle v mt c khi nh nu trong phn th nghim cung la cac
tiu chun anh gia rle, ngoai ra rle con phai at c cac tiu chi sau :
+ Sai lch tri s in ap tac ng so vi tri s t ghi trn thang khng vt qua
8% khi nhit mi trng xung quanh la 200C,
+ Cng sut tiu thu cua rle vao khoang 1VA in ap t nho nht va khng qua
5VA in ap inh mc,
+ H s tr v cua rle khng nho hn 0,8 i vi rle bao v qua ap PH53 va
khng ln hn 1,25 i vi rle bao v kem ap PH54,
+ Thi gian tac ng cua ban thn rle khng qua 0,1 s khi in ap tac ng bng
1,2 ln gia tri t i vi rle PH53 va 0,8 ln gia tri t i vi rle PH54.
Bang di y cho cac thng s ky thut cua rle loai PH50 :
in ap inh mc
Loai
va
cua dai t (V)
nhan hiu
Th
rle
Th hai
nht
in ap ln nht
PH 53/60
30
60
PH 53/200 100
200
PH 53/400 200
400
PH 53/60 100
200
in ap nho nht
PH 54/48
30
60
PH 54/160 100
200
PH 54/320 200
400

Gia tri t tng ng dai t th (V)

Gii han
Dai t th nht
Dai t th hai
tri s t
Ucp
dai
Ucp dai
(V)
Ut
Ut
han
han
15 60
50 200
100 400
15 60

15 30
50 100
100 200
15 30

33
110
220
110

30 60
100 200
200 400
30 60

66
220
440
220

12 48
40 160
80 320

12 24
40 80
80 160

33
110
220

24 48
66
80 160 220
160 320 440

Phn 12: RLE BO V QU - KM P SPAU 330C

I./ : GII THIU CHUNG

- Rle bo v qu - km p SPAU 330C gm 03 khi thc hin cc chc nng c

lp
+ Khi SPCU 1C6 :
khi bo v in p th t khng;
+ Khi SPCU 3C14 :
khi bo v qu, km in p dy;
+ Khi SPCR 8C27 :
khi ghi nhiu v cc tnh trng s c
- Rle bo v qu - km p SPAU 330C c s dng gim st v bo v nhm
loi tr cc tnh trng nhiu lon in p cng nh cc tnh trng h hng trn thanh ci
ca trm bin p.
- u vo Rle :
+ 03 u vo xoay chiu nhn cc in p dy t cc my bin in p l
U12, U23, U31
+ 01 u vo xoay chiu dnh cho bo v in p th t khng Uo
- Cc u vo ny c th c chn nh mc 100V hay 110V nh s la chn cc
terminal ca u vo mt sau ca rle;
+ 01 u vo iu khin c th c s dng thc hin cc chc nng
iu khin bn ngoi hay kha mt s chc nng bo v ca rle .
- u ra
+ 05 rle u ra thc hin cc chc nng cnh bo hay tc ng p ng theo
s iu khin ca rle do ngi s dng lp trnh v 01 rle u ra cnh bo cc h hng
bn trong rle. u ra cnh bo ny l u ra mc nh khng th ci t c.

- Ngun nui rle

+ 01 u vo cp ngun nui mt chiu cho s lm vic ca rle. in p
nh mc cho s lm vic ca rle c th l ngun 110/ 220VDC (VAC) ng vi dy in
p lm vic 80...265 Vdc/Vac hoc 24/ 48/60VDC ng vi dy in p lm vic 18...80
Vdc v c ghi ch trn mt trc ca rle. y l thng s phi la chn khi t hng
* Mt trc ca rle
- Mt trc ca rle c 03 khi mun ring bit thc hin 03 chc nng nu trn
v 01 khi chung RS 613.
- Hai khi o lng v gim st in p SPCU 1C6 v SPCU 3C14 c cc n ch
th cho cc thng s t trn rle v cc nm iu chnh thng s tng ng, 01 nhm
cng tc lp trnh la chn cc chc nng lm vic ca rle SG1 v n ch th tng ng
ca n, 02 n ch th cc s lm vic ca bo v , 01 n gim st s lm vic lin tc ca
rle (IRF), 01 nt nhn STEP dng cho vic truy cp vo cc trnh n ca h thng trnh
n ca rle v 01nt n RESET dnh cho ci t v gii tr.
- Khi SPCR 8C27 c cung cp 02 nt n STEP v RESET dng cho vic truy
cp trnh n v c cc thng s o lng cng nh s c; 01 n ch th s lm vic ca
b ghi s kin. Khi khi ny ang ghi nhn thng tin n ny s sng xanh, v khi qu
trnh ghi kt thc, d liu c lu trong b nh th n s chuyn sang sng . Khi
ny cng c 01 n IRF gim st lin tc s lm vic ca rle.
- Khi chung RS 613 cung cp mt s cc thng s k thut ca rle nh : tn s,
in p nh mc, ngun nui rle; cc nh ngha thanh ghi ca 03 khi mun tng ng
v nhm cng tc lp trnh SGR dng cho vic cu hnh cc u ra ca rle
- Mn hnh c hin th 4 ch s : 03 ch s pha phi ca mn hnh ch th cc gi
tr chnh nh, o lng, ghi s c hay gi tr ca cc thanh ghi v 01 ch s pha tri ca
mn hnh ch th loi s c hay m s ca thanh ghi. ng thi tng ng vi ch th trn
mn hnh, rle c cc n mu vng ch th cc gi tr o lng hay gi tr s c tng ng.
- trng thi vn hnh bnh thng ch c n ch th ngun Uaux l bc sng , tt
c cc n khc v mn hnh trng thi ti.
II./ S U NI V THNG S K THUT

Trong :
* Khi in p u vo xoay chiu:
- Terminal 13-14: u vo in p dy U12 ( 100V)
- Terminal 13-15: u vo in p dy U12 ( 110V)
- Terminal 16-17: u vo in p dy U23 ( 100V)
- Terminal 16-18: u vo in p dy U23 ( 110V)
- Terminal 19-20: u vo in p dy U31 ( 100V)
- Terminal 19-21: u vo in p dy U31 ( 110V)
- Terminal 28-29: u vo in p Uo ( 100V)
- Terminal 28-30: u vo in p Uo ( 110V)
- Kh nng chu in p lin tc : 2xUn
- Cng xut in p Un : <0,5VA
* u vo iu khin:
- Terminal 10-11
- in p iu khin: 18....265Vdc hoc 80....265Vac

* Khi u ra :
- Rle Trip A: Terminal 65-66
- Rle Tn hiu B: Terminal 67-68-69
- Rle Tn hiu C: Terminal 73-74-75
- Rle Tn hiu D: Terminal 76-77-78
- Rle Tn hiu E: Terminal 79-80-81
- Rle u ra tn hiu t gim st F: Terminal 70-71-72.
* Khi ngun nui: C 2 kiu ngun nui c la chn khi t hng v c ghi
ch trn mt trc ca rle
- Kiu 1 c dy lm vic 80....265Vdc/Vac
- Kiu 2 c dy lm vic 18....80Vdc
- Terminal 61-62. Vi 61 l cc +, 62 l cc - Cng sut tiu th trang thi khng kch hot 10W,
trng thi kch hot 15W
III./ NGUYN L - CHC NNG :
1.- Khi SPCU 1C6 :
c s dng lm vic vi cc tnh trng chm t ca h thng gy nn s xut
hin thnh phn th t khng ca in p. Khi gm c 02 cp bo v qu p th t khng
Uo> v Uo>>. Khi ny s o lng thnh phn in p th t khng xut hin khi c
chm t v so snh vi cc ngng t trn rle. Khi in p o lng c vt qu cc
ngng t, cp bo v tng ng s khi to v cho tn hiu khi to n cc u ra SS1
hoc SS2 tng ng, n ch th s lm vic ca bo v s sng vng. Nu tnh trng ny
ko di n ht thi gian t trc ca cp bo v tng ng th tn hiu lm vic s c
gi n cc u ra TS1 v TS2 tng ng, lc ny n ch th s lm vic ca bo v s
sng v trn mn hnh s xut hin m ca thanh ghi s c. Vic gii tr cc tn hiu
cnh bo ny c th c thc hin nh cc nt n mt trc ca rle hoc nh lnh
V101, V102 thng qua phn mm giao din.
S lm vic ca cc cp bo v c th c kho nh cc tn hiu kho BTS1, BTS2 v
cc cng tc lp trnh tng ng SGB.
2.- Khi SPCU 3C14 :
c s dng bo v chng cc tnh trng qu, km in p 3 pha hoc 1 pha
xut hin trong mng.
Khi gm 01 cp bo v qu p U> v 01 cp bo v km p U<. Cp bo v qu p U> c
th c chn lm vic vi c tnh thi gian c lp hoc c tnh thi gian nghch, trong
khi cp bo v U< ch lm vic vi c tnh thi gian xc lp. Khi mt trong cc in p o
lng c vt qu cc ngng t, cp bo v tng ng s khi to v cho tn hiu
khi to n cc u ra SS1 hoc SS2 tng ng, n ch th s lm vic ca bo v s
sng vng. Nu tnh trng ny ko di n ht thi gian t trc ca cp bo v tng ng
th tn hiu lm vic s c gi n cc u ra TS1 v TS2 tng ng, lc ny n ch th
s lm vic ca bo v s sng v trn mn hnh s xut hin m ca thanh ghi s c.
Vic gii tr cc tn hiu cnh bo ny c th c thc hin nh cc nt n mt trc
ca rle hoc nh lnh V101, V102 thng qua phn mm giao din.

S lm vic ca cc cp bo v c th c kho nh cc tn hiu kho BTS1, BTS2 v

cc cng tc lp trnh tng ng SGB.
III./ PHNG PHP CHNH NH, CI T V CC THNG S K THUT
1./ Truy cp h thng trnh n
- S dng nt Step di chuyn trong h thng trnh n ca cc khi, nu mun di
chuyn theo hng thun th n gi nt trong 1 giy, di chuyn theo hng nghch th n
nt 0,5 giy. bit v tr hin ang truy cp phi cn c vo v tr n vng ang bt sng
v con s tn cng bn tri ca mn hnh. ngha ca tng v tr c xc nh da vo h
thng trnh n cho sn i vi tng khi rle.
2./ Ci t thng s
- Mun ci t thng s no th phi th phi truy cp vo ng v tr ca thng s
. Lc ny ba con s bn phi mn hnh l gi tr t hin hnh ca thng s . Mun
thay i gi tr ta phi iu chnh nm xoay .
Ci t rle u ra
- Cc rle u ra c ch to tha hnh cho mt s chc nng c th l c nh
v mt s chc nng phi ci t. Vic ci t c thc hin bi nhm cng tt SGR nm
trn khi RS 613. Cng tt no c t 1 (ON) th chc nng tng ng ca cng tt
c cu hnh n u ra, ngc li cng tt no c t 0 (OFF) th chc nng tng
ng ca cng tt khng c cu hnh n u ra. C th:
Chc nng c th c cu hnh cho cc rle u ra
Rle A gm:
Tn hiu Trip ca chc nng U>
nu SGR/1 =1
Tn hiu Trip ca chc nng U<
nu SGR/2 =1
Tn hiu Trip ca chc nng Uo>
nu SGR/3 =1
Tn hiu Trip ca chc nng Uo>> nu SGR/4 =1
Rle B gm:
Tn hiu Trip ca chc nng U>
nu SGR/5 =1
Tn hiu Trip ca chc nng U<
nu SGR/6 =1
Tn hiu Trip ca chc nng Uo>> ( C nh)
Rle C gm:
Tn hiu Star ca chc nng U>
nu SGR/7 =1
Tn hiu Trip ca chc nng U>
( C nh)
Rle D gm:
Tn hiu Star ca chc nng U<
nu SGR/8 =1
Tn hiu Trip ca chc nng U<
( C nh)
Rle E gm:
Tn hiu Trip ca chc nng Uo>
( C nh)

3./ Khi qu p th t khng SPCU 1C6

3.1.- H thng trnh n :

3.2 S khi:

3.3 Cc thng s o lng v thng s chnh nh:

- Uo : Gi tr o lng ca in p Uo, tnh theo phn trm ca in p nh mc.
- Uo>/Un : Gi tr in p khi ng ca chc nng Uo>, tnh bng phn trm ca
in p nhn mc. Dy lm vic ph thuc vo trng thi ca cng tt SG1/5
- t>[s] : Thi gian lm vic ca chc nng Uo>, tnh bng giy. Dy lm vic ph
thuc vo trng thi ca cng tt SG1/1 v SG1/2
- Uo>>/Un : Gi tr in p khi ng ca chc nng Uo>>, tnh bng phn trm
ca in p nhn mc. Dy lm vic ph thuc vo trng thi ca cng tt SG1/6
- t>>[s] : Thi gian lm vic ca chc nng Uo>>, tnh bng giy. Dy lm vic ph
thuc vo trng thi ca cng tt SG1/7 v SG1/8
Nhm cng tt SG1
- Nhm cng tt SG1 l nhm cng tt c kh, tr s tng kim tra ca nhm s
c hin th trn mn hnh khi n vng ch th ca nhm bt sng. ngha ca nhm
cbg tt ny nh sau:
SG1/1 v SG1/2: La chn dy thi gian lm vic t> ca chc nng Uo>
SG1/1
SG1/2
Dy thi gian lm vic ca chc nng Uo> ( t>)
0
0
0,05.... 1,00 s
1
0
0,5 ....10,0 s
0
1
0,5 .... 10,0 s
1
1
5,0 .... 100,0 s

SG1/3: Khng s dng

SG1/4: La chn ch t gi hoc khng t gi ca tn hiu Trip ca chc nng
Uo> (TS1) v chc nng Uo>> (TS2).
SG1/4=0: Tn hiu Trip TS1, TS2 khng t gi.
SG1/4=1: Tn hiu Trip TS1, TS2 c t gi. Reset phi nhn ng thi
2 nt n STEP v RESET
SG1/5: La chn dy in p khi ng ca chc nng Uo>
SG1/5=0, dy t l 2 .... 20%Un
SG1/5=1, dy t l 10 .... 100%Un
SG1/6: La chn dy in p khi ng ca chc nng Uo>>
SG1/6=0, dy t l 10 .... 80%Un
SG1/6=1, dy t l 2 .... 16%Un
SG1/7 v SG1/8: La chn dy thi gian lm vic t>> ca chc nng Uo>>
SG1/7
0
1
0
1

SG1/8
0
0
1
1

Dy thi gian lm vic ca chc nng Uo>> ( t>>)

0,05.... 1,00 s
0,5 ....10,0 s
0,5 .... 10,0 s
5,0 .... 100,0 s

* Nhm cng tt SG2

- Nhm cng tt SG2 l nhm cng tt phn mm, n nm trong thc n ph th 3
ca thc n SG1. Nhm cng tt SG2 iu khin ch t gi hoc khng t gi ca cc
n Led. Nu cng tt no t bng 0 th Led tng ng vi cng tt s t ng Reset,
ngc li nu t bng 1 phi Reset bng tay
Tn hiu

Trng
s

Ch th khi ng Uo>

Ch th lm vic Uo>

Ch th khi ng 4
Uo>>
Ch th lm vic Uo>> 8
Tng kim tra

V d c th
Ci
S kinm tra ngha
t
0
0x1=0
Ch th vng ca Led Uo> t
ng tr v
1
1x2=2
Ch th ca Led Uo> khng t
ng tr v
0
0x4=0
Ch th vng ca Led Uo>> t
ng tr v
1
1x8=8
Ch th ca Led Uo>> khng
t ng tr v
10

* Nhm cng tt SGB

- Nhm cng tt SGB nm bn trong Card ca khi:

+ SGB/1: Tn hiu khi ng t chc nng Uo> gi n u vo ST2 ca

khi ghi s c SPCR 8C27
+ SGB/2: Tn hiu khi ng t chc nng Uo>> gi n u vo ST2 ca
khi ghi s c SPCR 8C27
+ SGB/3: Tn hiu khi ng t chc nng Uo>> gi n u vo ST3 ca
khi ghi s c SPCR 8C27
+ SGB/4: Uo>-Tripping s b kho bi u vo BS1
+ SGB/5: Uo>>-Tripping s b kho bi u vo BS1
+ SGB/6: khng s dng
+ SGB/7: khng s dng
+ SGB/8: khng s dng
3.4./ Cc thng s k thut:
* Chc nng Uo>
+ in p khi ng 2....20%Un hoc 10....100%Un
+ Thi gian khi ng in hnh 70ms
+ Thi gian tc ng0,05....1,0s, 0,5....10,0s, 5....100s
+Thi gian Reset <100ms
+ H s tr v in hnh 0,96
+ Sai s thi gian tc ng cho php 2% ca gi tr t hoc 40ms
+ Sai s in p tc ng cho php:
10....100%Un3% ca gi tr t
2......20%Un 5% ca gi tr t
* Chc nng Uo>>
+ in p khi ng 10...80%Un v hoc 2...16%Un v
+ Thi gian khi ng in hnh 70ms
+ Thi gian tc ng0,05....1,0s, 0,5....10,0s, 5....100s
+Thi gian Reset <100ms
+ H s tr v in hnh 0,96
+ Sai s thi gian tc ng cho php
2% ca gi tr t hoc 40ms
+ Sai s in p tc ng cho php:
10....80%Un 3% ca gi tr t
2......16%Un 5% ca gi tr t
3.5./ Ghi s c:
Mi khi khi chc nng hot ng th b ghi s c s c kch hot thc hin
vic ghi s c. B ghi s c gm 5 thng s c a ch t 1 n 5 trong h thng thc n
chnh. Mun c phi dng nt Step di chuyn n cc a ch t 1 n 5 nh ni trn. Con
s bn tri ch a ch, 3 con s bn phi ch gi tr.
- Thng s 1: Ghi gi tr in p th t khng ln nht, tnh theo phn trm in p
nh mc. Khi khi hot ng gi tr in p ti thi im hot ng s c ghi. Khi c
s hot ng mi th gi tr ca ln hot ng c s b xo v gi tr ca ln hot ng mi
s c ghi
- Thng s 2: S ln khi ng ca chc nng Uo>, n(Uo>)= 0...255
- Thng s 3: S ln khi ng ca chc nng Uo>>, n(Uo>>)= 0...255

- Thng s 4 Thi gian khi ng ca chc nng Uo>, tnh bng phn trm so vi
thi gian tc ng. Mi mt ln khi ng b tnh s Reset v tnh t Zero. Khi chc nng
tc ng th gi tr thng s ny l 100
- Thng s 5 Thi gian khi ng ca chc nng Uo>>, tnh bng phn trm so vi
thi gian tc ng. Mi mt ln khi ng b tnh s Reset v tnh t Zero. Khi chc nng
tc ng th gi tr thng s ny l 100
4./ Khi qu, km in p dy SPCU 3C14

4.1.- H thng trnh n :

4.2 S khi:

4.3 Cc thng s o lng :

- U12 : Gi tr o lng ca in p dy U12, tnh theo t l vi in p nh mc.
- U23 : Gi tr o lng ca in p dy U23, tnh theo t l vi in p nh mc.
- U31 : Gi tr o lng ca in p dy U31, tnh theo t l vi in p nh mc.
* Cc thng s chnh nh
- U>/Un : Gi tr in p khi ng ca chc nng U>, tnh bng t l vi in p
nh mc. Dy lm vic 0,8....1,6xUn
- t>[s] k>: Thi gian tc ng ca chc nng U>, tnh bng giy. Dy lm vic ca
t tnh thi gian c lp hoc la chn loi ng t tnh ph thuc vo trng thi ca
cng tt SG1/3, SG1/4 v SG1/5. Dy lm vic ca h s k= 0,05....1,0
- U</Un : Gi tr in p khi ng ca chc nng U<, tnh bng t l vi in p
nh mc. Dy lm vic 0,4....1,2xUn
- t<[s] : Thi gian tc ng ca chc nng U<, tnh bng giy. Dy lm vic ph
thuc vo trng thi ca cng tt SG1/8
* Nhm cng tt SG1:

- Nhm cng tt SG1 l nhm cng tt c kh, tr s tng kim tra ca nhm s
c hin th trn mn hnh khi n vng ch th ca nhm bt sng. ngha ca nhm
cng tt ny nh sau:
SG1/1 : La chn ch lm vic 1 pha hoc 3 pha. Khi la chn ch lm vic 1
pha th ch c U12 c tc dng.
SG1/1=0: Ch lm vic 3 pha
SG1/1=1: Ch lm vic 1 pha
SG1/2: La chn thi gian khi ng ca chc nng qu p U>
SG1/2=0: Thi gian khi ng l 0,1s
SG1/2=1: Thi gian khi ng l 30s
SG1/3, SG1/4 v SG1/5: La chn t tnh v dy thi gian lm vic t> ca chc nng U>
SG1/3 SG1/4 SG1/5 t tnh thi gian
Dy thi gian lm vic hoc h t tnh
0
0
0
Thi gian c lp
0,05......1,00 s
0
0
1
Thi gian c lp
0,5 ......10,0 s
0
1
0
Thi gian c lp
0,5 .....10,0 s
0
1
1
Thi gian c lp
5,0 ..... 100,0 s
1
0
0
Thi gian nghch
H t tnh A
1
0
1
Thi gian nghch
H t tnh A
1
1
0
Thi gian nghch
H t tnh B
1
1
1
Thi gian nghch
H t tnh B
SG1/6: La chn chc nng t ng kho chc nng km p U<
SG1/6=0: Chc nng Km p lun lun lm vic khi in p u vo nh
hn tr s t.
SG1/6=1: Chc nng Km p s c t ng kho c tn hiu Star v tn
hiu Trip khi in p u vo nh hn 0,2xUn.
SG1/7: La chn thi gian khi ng ca chc nng qu p U<
SG1/7=0: Thi gian khi ng l 0,1s
SG1/7=1: Thi gian khi ng l 30s
SG1/8: La chn dy thi gian lm vic t< ca chc nng U<
SG1/8=0: Dy thi gian lm vic 1,0 .... 12,0 s
SG1/8=1: Dy thi gian lm vic 10,0 ...120,0 s
* Nhm cng tt SG2:
- Nhm cng tt SG2 l nhm cng tt phn mm, n nm trong thc n ph th 3
ca thc n SG1. Nhm cng tt SG2 iu khin ch t gi hoc khng t gi ca cc
n Led. Nu cng tt no t bng 0 th Led tng ng vi cng tt s t ng Reset,
ngc li nu t bng 1 phi Reset bng tay
Tn hiu

Trng
s

V d c th
Ci
S kinm tra ngha
t

Ch th khi ng U>

0x1=0

Ch th lm vic U>

1x2=2

Ch th khi ng U<

0x4=0

Ch th lm vic U<

1x8=8

Tng kim tra

Ch th vng ca Led U> t ng

tr v
Ch th ca Led U> khng t
ng tr v
Ch th vng ca Led U< t ng
tr v
Ch th ca Led U< khng t
ng tr v

10

* Nhm cng tt SGB

- Nhm cng tt SGB nm bn trong Card ca khi:
+ SGB/1: Tn hiu khi ng t chc nng U> gi n u vo ST1 ca khi
ghi s c SPCR 8C27
+ SGB/2: Tn hiu khi ng t chc nng U< gi n u vo ST1 ca khi
ghi s c SPCR 8C27
+ SGB/3: Tn hiu khi ng t chc nng U< gi n u vo ST3 ca khi
ghi s c SPCR 8C27
+ SGB/4: khng s dng
+ SGB/5: U<-Tripping s b kho bi u vo BS1
+ SGB/6: khng s dng
+ SGB/7: khng s dng
+ SGB/8: khng s dng
4.4./ Cc thng s k thut:
* Chc nng U>
+ in p khi ng 0,8....1,6%Un
+ Thi gian khi ng
0,1 s hoc 30 s
+ Thi gian tc ng0,05....1,0s, 0,5....10,0s, 5....100s
+ H s k> ca t tnh thi gian nghch: 0,05 ...1,0
+Thi gian Reset in hnh 60ms
+ H s tr v in hnh 0,97
+ Sai s thi gian tc ng cho php ca t tnh thi gian c lp hoc sai
s thi gian khi ng 2% ca gi tr t hoc 25ms
+ Sai s thi gian tc ng ca t tnh thi gian nghch: 25ms hoc l
bng sai s xut hin khi in p thay i 3%
+ Sai s in p tc ng cho php: 3% ca gi tr t
Chc nng U<
+ in p khi ng 0,4.... 1,2xUn
+ Thi gian khi ng
0,1 s hoc 30 s
+ Thi gian tc ng1 ...12s hoc 10 ...120s
+Thi gian Reset in hnh 60 ms
+ H s tr v in hnh 1,03

+ Sai s thi gian tc ng v thi gian khi ng cho php: 2% ca gi

tr t hoc 25ms
+ Sai s in p tc ng cho php: 3% ca gi tr t
4.5./ Ghi s c:
Mi khi khi chc nng hot ng th b ghi s c s c kch hot thc hin
vic ghi s c. B ghi s c gm 8 thng s c a ch t 1 n 8 trong h thng thc n
chnh. Mun c phi dng nt Step di chuyn n cc a ch t 1 n 8 nh ni trn. Con
s bn tri ch a ch, 3 con s bn phi ch gi tr.
- Thng s 1: Ghi gi tr in p dy ln nht, tnh theo t l in p nh mc. Khi
chc nng qu p khi ng th gi tr ca ln hot ng c s b xo gi tr in p mi s
c ghi lin tc. Vic ghi s dng li khi chc nng qu p tc ng v gi tr in p ln
nht trong sut qu trnh khi ng s c lu li trong b ghi.
- Thng s 2: Ghi gi tr in p ln nht tng xy ra, tnh theo t l in p nh
mc. B ghi s c cp nht ngay khi c mt gi tr in p mi ln hn gi tr c
trong b ghi.
- Thng s 3: Ghi gi tr in p dy nh nht, tnh theo t l in p nh mc. Khi
chc nng km p khi ng th gi tr ca ln hot ng c s b xo gi tr in p mi s
c ghi lin tc. Vic ghi s dng li khi chc nng km p tc ng v gi tr in p
nh nht trong sut qu trnh khi ng s c lu li trong b ghi.
- Thng s 4: Ghi gi tr in p nh nht tng xy ra, tnh theo t l in p nh
mc. B ghi s c cp nht ngay khi c mt gi tr in p mi h thp hn gi tr c
trong b ghi.
- Thng s 5: S ln khi ng ca chc nng U>, n(Uo>>)= 0...255
- Thng s 6: S ln khi ng ca chc nng U<, n(Uo>>)= 0...255
- Thng s 7 Thi gian khi ng ca chc nng U>, tnh bng phn trm so vi
thi gian tc ng. Mi mt ln khi ng b tnh s Reset v tnh t Zero. Khi chc nng
tc ng th gi tr thng s ny l 100
- Thng s 8 Thi gian khi ng ca chc nng U<, tnh bng phn trm so vi
thi gian tc ng. Mi mt ln khi ng b tnh s Reset v tnh t Zero. Khi chc nng
tc ng th gi tr thng s ny l 100
2.6./ t tnh thi gian nghch ca trang qu p:

t=

k > a
+c
U U >

0 ,5 p
b
U
>

Trong :

t: Thi gian hot ng ( s )

k>: H s thi gian
U: Gi tr in p u vo ( V )
U>: Gi tr t ( V )
a: Hng s 480
b: Hng s 32
c: Hng s 0,035
p: Hng s ph thuc vo h t tnh

H t tnh A: p=2
H t tnh B: p=3
- B thi gian Trip ca chc nng qu p ch khi ng khi in p u vo vt
qu 106% gi tr in p t.
- Sai s thi gian tc ng ca chc nng qu p cho trong thng s k thut ch
c p dng khi gi tr in p u vo ln hn 110% gi tr in p t.
H t tnh A

H t tnh B

IV./ HNG DN TH NGHIM RLE SPAU330

1./ Cng vic chun b trc khi th nghim:

- Kim tra ngun nui : Ngun nui phi c tr s nm trong dy in p cho php
ca rle, v c ni n rle ng Terminal, ng cc tnh.
- Kim tra tnh trng bn ngoi ca rle: Rle phi cn nguyn vn , khng c vt
nt, cc hng dn ch th in trn thn rle phi r rng.
- Kim tra rle c u t tt.
2./ Th nghim rle:
- ng nui nui rle, theo di cc ch th trn mn hnh rle, v n bo ngun
nui phi bt sng.
- Kim tra v ci t cu hnh u vo , u ra, ch th Led, cc thng s t. Vic
ci t u vo u ra c th c thay i cho ph hp v thun li trong tng bc th
nghim cc chc nng nhng phi xc nh c u vo u ra no lin quan n chc
nng ang chun b th t c th kim tra c trng thi ca chng trong qu trnh
th
Kim tra tr s o lng
- Kim tra tr s o lng: Ni ngun p ca hp b th nghim n cc u vo
in p xoay chiu Uo, U12, U23, U31. Thc hin bm in p vo ln lt cc u vo.
ng vi mi u vo phi thc hin bm nhiu tr s in p khc nhau, v mi ln bm
phi truy cp vo trnh n c tr s trn mn hnh, i chiu s ng nht gia u
vo ang bm vi hin th. Kim tra sai s ca hin th phi nm trong phm vi cho php
ca thng s k thut.
Kim tra ngng khi ng
- Kim tra ngng khi ng: Vic kim tra ngng khi ng phi c th
nghim cho tng u vo v tng chc nng ring bit. Ch khi th khi SPCU 1C6 th
ngng khi ng ang th phi nh nht trnh tc ng nhm. C th nh sau
* Kim tra ngng khi ng ca khi SPCU 1C6
- Th nghim chc nng Uo>,( Uo>>) :Thc hin bm t t in p cho n
khi rle khi ng, sau gim t t cho n khi rle tr v. Kim tra u ra, led, bng
ghi s c, so snh gi tr khi ng, h s tr v vi tiu chun cho php. Th nghim
tng t cho chc nng Uo>>
* Kim tra ngng khi ng ca khi SPCU 3C14
- Ngng khi ng ca chc nng U>:
+ Th nghim chc nng U>: Phi a thi gian khi ng v gi tr
nh nht.
+ Thc hin bm t t in p vo u vo U12 cho n khi rle
khi ng, sau gim t t cho n khi rle tr v. Kim tra u ra, led, bng ghi s c,
so snh gi tr khi ng, h s tr v vi tiu chun cho php, tip tc th nghim i vi
U23, U31
- Ngng khi ng ca chc nng U<:
+ Th nghim chc nng U<: Phi a thi gian khi ng v gi tr
nh nht.
+ a in p 3 pha nh mc vo cc u U12, U23, U31. Thc hin
gim t t in p U12 cho n khi rle khi ng, sau tng t t cho n khi rle tr

v. Kim tra u ra, led, bng ghi s c, so snh gi tr khi ng, h s tr v vi tiu
chun cho php, tip tc th nghim i vi U23, U31.
* Kim tra cc ngng thi gian:
- Kim tra cc ngng thi gian khi ng, thi gian tc ng v tn hiu tc
ng : Mun th nghim ngng thi gian no th phi m bo ngng ang t nh
nht. Thc hin xung p tc thi rle lm vic v ly thi gian. i vi ngng thi
gian khi ng th tnh t lc xung p vo rle cho n khi u ra khi ng khp tip
im. i vi ngng thi gian tc ng th tnh t lc xung p vo rle cho n khi u
ra Trip khp tip im. Kim tra u ra, led, bng ghi s c, so snh gi tr vi tiu chun
cho php, sau tip tc th nghim i vi cc ngng khc.
*Ghi ch
- i vi cc ngng thi gian c lp th gi tr in p xung vo rle phi ln hn
tr s khi ng v thng ln hn 1,1 ln tr s khi ng
- i vi cc ngng thi gian km p th phi to c s gim tc thi ca
gi tr in p t in p nh mc xung nh hn tr s khi ng v thng nh hn 0,9
ln tr s khi ng
- i vi cc ngng thi gian nghch ( thi gian ph thuc) th gi tr in p xung
vo rle phi c tnh ton trc ph hp vi t tnh thi gian ang la chn
Chc nng kho ngng U< v u vo iu khin
- Kim tra chc nng t ng kho ngng U<: Thc hin ging nh th nghim
chc nng km p nhng khi rle khi ng vn tip tc gim in p cho n khi rle ht
khi ng, kim tra gi tr ny phi bng 0,2xUn.
- Kim tra u vo iu khin: a in p n Terminal ca u vo BS1 v kim
tra s kho ca n n cc chc nng c ci t chc nng kho theo cu hnh SGB ca
tng khi.
3./ Ci t trc khi vn hnh.
- Cn c vo bn v thit k, phiu chnh nh rle ca iu , vn hnh
ci t chnh thc u vo , u ra, led, cc thng s vn hnh, v th nghim li ti tr s
t kt thc cng vic.