8

[--------------------[---------------------

x
x

---------------------]

---------------------]

[---------------------

---------------------]

(sampling error)

x |
|=

x
x

z /2 x
1 -
x

/2

x
1-

/2
x

 (n > 30)

x z /2

1 -
z/2 /2
z

n

 (n > 30)

s

s

x z /2

s
n

10


CJW
CJW

0 100 (0
100 )
CJW

11

n = 100

x

95%

x = / n = 20
/ 100
=2
1.96
CJW 1.96 x = 1.96(2) = 3.92

100 95%
3.92
3.92

12

95% (1 - ) = 0.95
= 0.05
/2 = 0.05/2=0.025 z0.025 = 1.96 CJW
x = 82

20
100
20
82 1.96
100
82 3.92
3.92 82 3.92 =
78.08 82 + 3.92 = 85.92 CJW 95%
78.08 85.92
13


(n < 30)

n > 30

s
t

14

t
t
t

t
t 0

15


(n < 30) s

x t /2

s
n

1 - =
t/2 = n 1
/2
t
s =

16

Scheer

17

15

xi 808
x=
=
= 53.87
n
15
( xi x ) 2
651.73
s=
=
= 6.82
n1
14

1
2
3
4
5

52
44
55
44
45

6
7
8
9
10

59
50
54
62
46

11
12
13
14
15

54
58
60
62
63
18

t
95%
n 1 = 14 t
=14 t/2 = t0.025 = 2.145
.01

.005

.025
.

1.356

1.782

2.179

2.681

3.055

13

1.350

1.771

2.65

3.012

14
15

1.345

1.761

2.16
2.145

2.624

2.977

1.341
.

1.753
.

2.131
.

2.602
.

2.947
.

.10

.05

12

19

x t.025

s
n

6.82
53.87 3.145

15
53.78 3.78
3.87 95%
50.09 57.65

20

E =
E
E

E = z /2
n
n
( z / 2 ) 2 2
n=
E2

21

$55

$2 95%

22

95% z0.025 = 1.96 =

$9.65 2 2
( z / 2 ) (1.96)2(9.65)2
n=
=
= 89.43
2
2
E
2
89.43
$2

90

23

End of Chapter 8

24