TAI LIEU HNG DAN HOC TAP

HA NG DNG PHOTOSHOP

MC LC
H NG D N PH N L THUY T ......................................................................6 T NG QUAN V PHOTOSHOP CS .....................................................................6 I. Ci t ch ng trnh Photoshop ................................................................... 6

I.1. phn gi i mn hnh ................................................................... 6 I.2. nh vect .................................................................................... 7 I.3. C u hnh cho Photoshop .................................................................. 7 I.4. Thanh tiu ............................................................................... 7 I.5. Thanh Menu Bar ............................................................................ 8 I.6. Thanh Option (Menu Window Option) ................................................. 8 I.7. Thanh cng c Toolbox ................................................................... 8
II. Ch xem nh ....................................................................................... 9 III. Ch cu n hnh nh ............................................................................ 10 IV. Lm vi c v i c a s Palette ..................................................................... 10 V. Qu n l File ............................................................................................ 11

V.1. T o m i m t t p tin .................................................................... 11 V.2. L u t p tin ................................................................................. 12 V.3. M t p tin .................................................................................. 12 V.4. ng t p tin ............................................................................... 13
VI. T ng quan nh trong trang Web ............................................................... 13

VI.1. Ki u t p tin nh: ........................................................................ 13 VI.2. Thi t k thnh cng nh cho trang web .......................................... 13 VI.3. Kch th c m t s nh ................................................................ 14
KHI NI M V VNG CH N ..........................................................................15 I. Cng c t o vng ch n ............................................................................ 15

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I.1. B cng c Marquee ..................................................................... 15 I.2. B cng c Lasso ......................................................................... 16 I.3. Magic Wand ............................................................................... 17 I.4. Crop ......................................................................................... 18 I.5. Cng c Move ............................................................................. 18
II. L nh t o vi n cho vng ch n ................................................................... 19 III. M t s l nh lin quan v i vng ch n (Menu select) ..................................... 20 IV. B ng bi n i i t ng ......................................................................... 22 LAYERS ( L p ) ..........................................................................................24 I. Cc ch ha tr n l p (Blending Mode) .................................................... 26

I.2. Cc ph ng php ch n Layer ......................................................... 27 I.3. S p x p th t trn d i c a cc Layer ........................................... 27 I.4. Layer Properties ........................................................................... 27 I.5. Canh hng gi a cc Layers ............................................................ 28 I.6. Phn ph i u kho ng cch gi a cc Layers (Distribute): .................... 28 I.7. Cc tr ng h p pht sinh Layers .................................................... 29 I.8. Cc ch c nng c a menu Palete Layer ............................................. 29
II. Layer mask (m t n l p) ......................................................................... 29 MU S C HI U CH NH MU ......................................................................32 I. Cc l nh lin quan hi u ch nh ............................................................... 32

I.1. L nh Levels ................................................................................ 32 I.2. L nh Auto Level .......................................................................... 33 I.3. L nh Auto Contrast ...................................................................... 33 I.4. L nh Curves ............................................................................... 33 I.5. L nh Brightness\ Contrast .............................................................. 33 I.6. L nh Color Balance ...................................................................... 34
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I.7. L nh Hue\Saturation .................................................................... 35 I.8. Auto color: ................................................................................. 35 I.9. L nh Desaturate ......................................................................... 35 I.10. L nh Replace Color .................................................................... 35 I.11. L nh Selective Color .................................................................. 36 I.12. L nh Channel Mixer .................................................................... 37 I.13. Gradient Map: ........................................................................... 38 I.14. L nh Invert .............................................................................. 38 I.15. L nh Equalize ........................................................................... 39 I.16. L nh Variations ......................................................................... 39
II. Cc ph ng php t mu ........................................................................ 40

II.1. Lm vi c v i B ng Color palette ................................................... 40 II.2. Ch n l a mu foreground, Background .......................................... 40 II.3. Cc cng c t mu .................................................................... 41 II.4. T mu theo m u t Pattern ......................................................... 44
LM VI C V I CNG C PEN HI U CH NH PATH ..........................................46 I. Cng c v Path .................................................................................... 46

I.1. Khi ni m v Path ....................................................................... 46 I.2. Cng c Pen: ............................................................................... 46 I.3. Lm vi c v i Path Palette ............................................................. 52
NHM CNG C CH NH S A HNH NH C V BRUSH ..................................55 I. Nhm cng c ch nh s a hnh nh ........................................................... 55

I.4. Clone Stamp () ........................................................................... 55 I.5. Healing Brush (): ........................................................................ 55 I.6. Patch (): .................................................................................... 56
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I.7. Blur () ....................................................................................... 56 I.8. Sharpen () ................................................................................. 57 I.9. Smudge () ................................................................................... 57 I.10. Dodge () .................................................................................. 57 I.11. Burn (): ................................................................................... 58 I.12. Sponge () ................................................................................. 58
II. H p tho i c (Brush) .............................................................................. 59

II.1. Cc d ng c m c nh ................................................................ 59 II.2. Th vi n l u tr cc c v .......................................................... 59 II.3. T t o nt c m i: ...................................................................... 59 II.4. Cc l nh trong Menu Brush Palette ................................................ 60
III. Nhm c Brush ...................................................................................... 63

III.1. Brush () .................................................................................. 63 III.2. Pencil () .................................................................................. 63 III.3. Eraser ..................................................................................... 63 III.4. History : .................................................................................. 64 III.5. Art History ............................................................................... 65
TEXT WRAPED TEXT PALETTE CHARACTER AND PARAGRAPH.......................66 I. Text (vn b n) ........................................................................................ 66

I.1. Horizontal Type Tool: ................................................................... 66 I.2. Vertical Type Tool: ...................................................................... 66 I.3. Horizontal Type Mask Tool: ........................................................... 68 I.4. Vertical Type Mask Tool: .............................................................. 68
II. CC LO I CH U N CONG ........................................................................ 69

II.1. U n cong ch ............................................................................. 69

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II.2. Cc ty ch n trong h p tho i ........................................................ 69 II.3. G b U n ch ........................................................................... 69 II.4. Layer style ................................................................................. 69 II.5. T o b nt b ng Layerstyles ......................................................... 79
FILTER B L C ......................................................................................82 I. HI U NG C BI T (FILTER) .................................................................. 82

I.1. NHM BLUR ................................................................................ 82 I.2. NHM DISTORT ........................................................................... 84 I.3. NHM TEXTURE ........................................................................... 89 I.4. NHM RENDER ............................................................................. 91

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H NG D N PH N L THUY T

Bi 1
T NG QUAN V PHOTOSHOP CS
Adobe Photoshop CS l mt chng trnh x l nh cc mnh, cc cng c chnh sa ca n tr thnh chuyn nghip gip cho cc nh thit k web to nhng ng dng cho web. ng hnh vi Adobe photoshop CS l chng trnh Adobe ImageReady cung cp cc cng c cho web nh: ti u v xem nh trc, x l hng lot nh ng thi bng cch drag - th t bng Action, to cc file GIF hot hnh. Photoshop v ImageReady kt hp vi nhau s to ra mi trng hon ho cho vic thit k ha cho Web.

I.

Ci t ch ng trnh Photoshop

Mun ci t chng trnh Photoshop cn mua a CD cha chng trnh Photoshop theo cc bc sau: Start\ Run chn a CD E:\Setup.exe (Photoshop) OK (c nhng a CD c Auto Run th khng cn thao tc ny). Xem thng bo ci t v ng dn, s Serial Number. Sau khi ci t xong, chng trnh c lu trong my. Khi ng chng trnh: Start -> Programs -> Adobe Photoshop CS (hoc double-click vo biu tng Photoshop CS trn mn hnh).

I.1. phn gi i mn hnh

l s lng im nh hin th trong mt n v chiu di ca mn hnh, thng c tnh bng dotperinch (dpi). phn gii mn hnh ph thuc vo kch thc mn hnh v s pixel phn b trn mn hnh. phn gii tiu biu ca mt mn hnh PC l 96 dpi, cn mn hnh Max OS l 72 dpi. Photoshop chuyn i trc tip s pixel ca tp tin nh ra s pixel trn mn hnh, do khi tp nh c phn gii cao hn phn gii ca mn hnh th s pixel ca tp nh ln hn s pixel ca mn hnh, cho nn mn hnh s hin th tp nh ln hn kch thc ca n.

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V d : Khi hin th tp nh 1x1 inch c phn gii l 144 ppi trn mn hnh 72 dpi th n s xut hin trn mn hnh vi kch c l 2x2 inch. Bi v mn hnh ch c th hin th 72dpi trong chiu di mt inch nn n phi s dng ng hai inch hin th 144 dpi.

I.2. nh vect
Cc nh ha vector c to ra bi cc nt thng v cc nt cong iu chnh bng cc vector (ton hc). Cc vector din t hnh nh bng hnh hc, khi di chuyn phng to thu nh hoc thay i mu sc khng lm mt i nt v trong hnh nh. Cc tp nh ha vector th khng ph thuc phn gii ngha l chng c th chnh sa kch c khi hin th mn hnh. Cc nh vector c dng thit k cc ng nt sinh ng c in ra v hin th phn gii bt k v khng b h hao v ng nt, l s chn la tt nht cho vic thit k k t.

I.3. C u hnh cho Photoshop

Photoshop cn cu hnh my tnh mnh x l nhng hnh nh phn gii cao. Cu hnh ti thiu: CPU: Pentium III RAM: 256 MB Card mn hnh: 24 bit Mn hnh: 15 - 21 inch a cng: 40GB a CD ROM

Giao din photoshop

I.4. Thanh tiu

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L thanh th nht cha tn chng trnh (Application Name Adobe Photoshop) Cc tiu (Minimize): thu mn hnh nh li trong biu tng Adobe Photoshop Cc i (Maximize) ng chng trnh (Close)

I.5. Thanh Menu Bar

Thanh trnh n (Menu bar) cha cc trnh n dropdown (s xung) l thanh th hai trn mn hnh cha cc trnh n trong Photoshop.

I.6. Thanh Option (Menu Window Option)

L thanh th ba lun lun thay i lnh mi khi thay i vic chn cng c. Thanh ny cha nhng lnh h tr cho cng c lm vic. V d : Khi chn cng c Rectangular Marquee th trn thanh ny xut hin Option Rectangular Marquee.

I.7. Thanh cng c Toolbox

L thanh cha cc cng c trong Photoshop, xut hin bn tri mn hnh. Mt s cng c trong hp ny c cc ty chn xut hin trn thanh Options. Nhng cng c ny gip bn to vng chn, nhp vn bn, t v, hiu chnh, di chuyn ch thch v xem hnh nh. S cn li cho php thay i mu tin cnh (foreground), mu nn (Background) v s chuyn i qua li gia chng trnh Photoshop v ImageReady l mt chng trnh h tr cho vic thit k nh ng.

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 chn cng c trong Photoshop ta c th nhp chn trc tip cng c trn thanh cng c hoc c th chn bng phm tt ca cng c trn bn phm. hin th tn v phm tt ca bt k cng c no ta ch cn t tr chut ln trn cng c cho n khi tn phm tt hin th. Mt s cng c trong thanh cng c hin th hnh tam gic nh gc phi bn di bo cho bit n c cha thm vi cng c n. chn cc cng c n ny c cc cch sau: Nhn gi tr chut vo cng c c cha cng c n ko r chut ti cng c cn chn v th chut. Nhn gi Alt v nhp vo cng c cn chn trong thanh cng c. Mi ln nhp cng c theo trong chui cng c n s c chn. Nhn gi Shift ng thi nhn phm tt ca cng c v lp li cho n khi cng c bn mun chn.

II. Ch xem nh
Photoshop cho php bn xem hnh nh t 0,15% n 1.600% S dng phm tt: phng to: Ctrl + (phm +) thu nh: Ctrl + (phm -) Nhn Ctrl + Alt + (phm +) hoc (phm -) phng to thu nh c hnh nh v ca s cha hnh nh . Nhn Ctrl + Alt + (phm s 0) a hnh nh v t l 100%.

S dng cng c zoom: xc nh chnh xc phn hnh nh m mun phng to hoc thu nh: Chn cng c Zoom (+) sau t tr cng c ln trn phn hnh nh v nhp chut. Hoc

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Ctrl + SpaceBar v drag mouse phng to mt khu vc. S dng menu lnh: Nhp chn Menu Window > Navigator. Bm ko thanh trt qua tri, phi hoc nhp thng s c th trong gi tr.

III. Ch cu n hnh nh
cun xem hnh nh m kch thc hnh nh ln hn ca s hin th n: dng cng c Hand (H). Khi ang kch hot bt k cng c no m mun tr v cng c Hand: ta nhn phm H hoc thanh Space bar trn bn phm.

IV. Lm vi c v i c a s Palette
Hin th cc Palette: Menu Window\ tn Palette Giu cc Palette: Menu Window \tn Palette m hoc giu cc thanh Palette v cng c: Nhn phm Tab

giu hoc m tt c cc thanh Palette (khng nh hng ti hp cng c: Nhn Shift + Tab) di chuyn mt thanh Palette no ra khi nhm (hoc tr li nhm ): nhp chut vo palette v ko thanh Palette ra khi nhm (hoc ko vo trong nhm).

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V. Qu n l File
V.1. T o m i m t t p tin
Chn File\ New: to tp tin mi. Hp thoi New xut hin:

Ta nn xc lp cc gi tr cho tp tin mi nh sau: Name Width Height Resolution Mode Grayscale RGB color CMYK Contents White Transparent Image size : tn tp tin : chiu rng (n v tnh) : chiu cao (n v tnh) : phn gii (pixel\inch) : ch mu : thang xm : h 3 mu : h 4 mu : nn ca tp tin : mu trng : nn trong sut. : kch thc nh

Background Color : nn mang mu background hin hnh

Save Present :To lu kch thc khai bo trong bng Document Present

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V.2. L u t p tin
Chn File > Save lu tp tin u tin (hoc save as vi mt phn m rng khc, mt ni khc). Xc nh ng dn lu gi tp tin Save in: chn a trong vng nhn xut hin nhiu th mc bn di. File name: t tn tp tin Format: chn ui file photoshop *.PSD Chn nt Save

Ta nn lu thng xuyn trong sut qu trnh lm vic trnh tnh trng hng tp tin khi c s c bt ng xy ra nh treo my, cp in Chn File > Save for web: Lu hnh nh vi chc nng ti u ha s dng cho Web (VD: *.gif, *.jpg, *.png,) Chn File > Open: cho php m tp tin hnh nh bt k

V.3. M t p tin
Look in: chn th mc, a File name: tn tp tin mun m File of Type: kiu tp tin m rng Open: m tp tin, tp tin hnh nh s hin trn mn hnh Photoshop. Open As: Ch cho php m mt tp tin dng *.PSD 12

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V.4. ng t p tin
Chn File> Close: ng tp tin file Chn File> Revert: tr li tp tin lu ln cui cng. Chn File> Exit: thot khi chng trnh Photoshop.

VI. T ng quan nh trong trang Web

nh l mt thnh phn gip thm phn hp dn, y mu sc cho trang Web. nh c s dng nhiu trong trang tr, b cc trang. Ngoi ra mt s nh rt quan trng nh Logo, Banner, nh nt lin kt Mt nh minh ha ph hp c th thay th cho nhng dng vn bn gii thch, m t di dng. nh cn nhiu thi gian hn khi hin th trn trnh duyt, nn khi quyt nh chn nh vo trang, nh phi mang mt ni dung, mt nghi nht nh. Khng t tin chn nh, c lm y trang bng nhng nh to qu c.

VI.1.

Ki u t p tin nh:

Hin nay, cc dng tp tin GIF, JPG, PNG c h tr y bi hu ht cc trnh duyt Dng thc GIF (Graphic Interchange Format): L dng thng c s dng nht vi nhiu u im, nh nh trong sut, s mu m c, kch thc tp tin nhv cn c th l nh ng .GIF. Nhng s mu ti a 256 mu. Dng thc JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group): L nh chp cao cp vi s mu ln n 16 triu mu. Tp tin JPG (dng thc JPEG) thng c s bytes ln so tp tin dng.GIF. Nhng tp tin JPG c kh nng t nn d liu, bn c quyn n nh mc nn v kim sot mc trung thc ca nh. Dng thc PNG (Portable Network Group): L dng thay th cho GIF ca Macromedia Fireworks, n h tr bng mu Index, Grayscale, RGB v knh Alpha iu khin trong sut nh.

VI.2.

Thi t k thnh cng nh cho trang web

Trn trnh duyt, tc hin th nh ty thuc vo s kilobyte (Kb) ca tp tin nh. N mun thit k thnh cng th bn c gng tm mi cch gim s Kb ca nh xung thp nht m n vn cn trung thc v chp nhn c.

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Sau y l 4 yu t, bn cn quan tm: Dng thc Format:

Nn chn GIF, JPG, PNG l ty thuc vo kinh nghim, v d nh Logo khng qu 4 mu chn .GIF c u tin, nh chp JPG nn nn mc no l ph hp. nh PNG cn lu hiu ng i km, s lp, h muhay khng. Hy tch ly kinh nghim bng cch xut nh theo cc dng thc khc nhau, ri nh gi cn bng gia cht lng nh v kch thc tp tin. Kch thc Size:

Kch thc nh t l thun vi s Kb cn lu tr. Khng phng ln, thu nh nh trong thit k, m nn chn hoc phi x l nh c kch thc chnh xc nh mong mun. Vi nhng Website chuyn nghip, qung co mt s sn phm cn nh r rng, cht lng cao, h lun to Album nh i din c kch thc nh, mi nh lin kt mt trang cha nh gc ng kch thc. phn gii Resolution:

Trang Web c xem trn mn hnh my tnh, m phn gii mn hnh l 72dpi, nn nh thch hp nht l 72 dpi. Nu nh qu nh c th tng phn gii ln 96 dpi, nu nn thun mu nh trang trc th gim phn gii xung 36 hoc 24 dpi S mu trong nh Color depth:

Vi nhng nh c s mu m c, th hy c gim t 256 mu xung 128, 64, 16, 8, 4 mu, gim cho ti khi trung thc nh vn gn vi mu nh gc.

VI.3.

Kch th c m t s nh

Ty thuc vo mn hnh hin th, loi nh, nh nn m bn chn hoc x l hnh nh c kch thc ph hp. Mn hnh hin th: Mt s kch thc mn hnh Ngang 640 pixels x cao 480 pixels Ngang 800 pixels x cao 600 pixels Ngang 1024 pixels x cao 768 pixels Kch thc cc thnh phn trang web: Logo: Biu tng cng ty, c quan thng nm gc trn tri mn hnh, ty theo mu c kch thc giao ng 72 pixel, 100 pixel, 120 pixel Banner: Ngang: 72, 100, 120 pixel - Cao: 480, 600, 1024 pixel Nt: Ngang: 120, 130, 140 pixel - Cao: 19, 22, 25 pixel Icon: Nt chc nng 30 pixel, 50 pixel, 64 pixel Picture: Ty thuc vo ch , minh ha, c kch c ring. Mu nn: 50 pixel x 50 pixel B l: 1024 pixel x 30 pixel

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Bi 2
KHI NI M V VNG CHN
Khi tin hnh hiu chnh hnh nh trn Photoshop bc khi u thng phi to vng chn cho hnh nh, c vng chn ta mi tin hnh chnh sa mu sc, to hiu ng cng vi cc thao tc lin quan. Nh vy cch to vng chn nh th no cho ph hp hiu chnh, ta nn tm hiu c th nhm cng c to vng chn v s dng thc o di y. (Nu khng chn vng chn thao tc th khi hiu chnh s tc ng ton b hnh nh).

I.

Cng c t o vng ch n

I.1. B cng c Marquee

I.1.1. Rectangular v Ellip Marquee Chn vng hnh nh theo dng hnh ch nht v hnh ellip hay hnh trn. Thao tc thc hin: Chn cng c Marquee kch xc nh mt im trn nh v r chut, kt thc bng cch nh chut to c mt vng chn hnh ellip hoc hnh ch nht. Kt hp gi phm shift trn bn phm trong khi thao tc dng chn mt vng chn hnh trn, hnh vung. Kt hp gi phm Alt trong khi thao tc to vng chn t tm.

Kt qu: mt khung vin chn nhp nhy Mi thao tc x l lc ny ch c tc dng bn trong khung vin .

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Thuc tnh cng c: Ngoi ra, ta cn c th cng thm vng chn bng phm Shift v tr bt vng chn bng phm Alt trong khi thao tc.

Normal: ko chut theo ng cho to vng chn bnh thng

Fixed Aspect Ratio: to vng chn theo t l

Fixed Size: to vng chn theo kch thc (v d W =140 px H =25 px)

I.1.2. Single row marquee: To vng chn mt dng ngang bng mt pixel. iu kin: Feather = 0 I.1.3. Single column marquee: To vng chn mt ct dc bng mt pixel. iu kin: Feather = 0

I.2. B cng c Lasso

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I.2.1. Lasso: Lasso: L cng c chn vng t do. Thao tc thc hin: Chn cng c Lasso

Kch v ko r chut sao cho ng vin chn chy theo chu vi ca mt i tng. Mun kt thc ta ch cn nh chut. Kt qu: ng vin chn bao quanh i tng theo ng chu vi. I.2.2. Polygon Lasso: Polygon Lasso: L cng c chn vng chn dng a gic Thao tc thc hin: I.2.3. Magnetic Lasso: Magnetic Lasso: L cng c Lasso t tnh, vng chn lun bm vo bin ca hnh nh thch hp cho nhng i tng c tng phn cao v mu sc gia bin i tng vi nn. Thao tc thc hin: Chn cng c Magnectic Lasso Kch xc nh im u tin, nh chut di chuyn chut dc bin i tng, kch li im u tin hoc double click kt thc. Trong qu trnh di chuyn chut quanh chu vi i tng, ta c th kch cng ch vng chn i ng hng (nu ch t ng khng chnh xc). Xa tng im chn sai bng phm Delete. Chn cng Polygon Lasso Ta kch tng im to khung vin chn trn hnh nh. Kch li im u tin hoc kch kp kt thc. Xa tng im chn sai bng phm Delete

Thuc tnh (Options):

Width: khong cch ln nht m ng Lasso di chuyn (10px). Frequency: tn s xut hin cc im cht, nu tn s cng cao th xut hin cng dy im cht. Edge Contrast: nt ca bin mu, khi bin mu b nho th mi tng Contrast.

I.3. Magic Wand

Magic Wand: L cng c chn vng theo vng mu tng ng.

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Thao tc thc hin: Chn cng c Magic Wand Kch vo mt mu trn hnh nh, mt vng mu tng ng c chn. rng ca vng chn ty thuc vo gi tr Tolerance trn thanh Options.

Thuc tnh:

Tolerance: Dung sai ca vng chn, dung sai cng ln th vng chn cng rng. Anti Alias: Kh rng ca Contiguous: Chn mu cc b - mu c gii hn bi nhng vng mu ln cn. (Nu khng c kim nhn th s chn trn ton file) Use All Layers: Chn trn tt c cc Layer, khng phn bit Layer hin hnh hay nhng Layer khc.

I.4. Crop
Ct xn hnh nh. Cng c ny c kh nng c bit hn. Khi to khung vin chn, ta s thy trn khung vin c tm nt vung (bn nt vung nm bn gc v bn nt vung nm trung im ca cc cnh). Ta c quyn phng to thu hp khung vin bng cch kch v r cc nt vung. Ngoi ra cn c th xoay khung vin bng cch a con tr ra ngoi gc ng vin v r chut. Nu mun di chuyn khung vin chn, ta ch cn a tr vo bn trong khung vin v r sang v tr khc. Cui cng, nhn Enter hon tt phn xn nh.

I.5. Cng c Move

L cng c chn dng di chuyn i tng v ging hng cc i tng trn cc Layer Di chuyn i tng Di chuyn vng chn Sao chp vng chn (Alt + Drag chut)

Thuc tnh:

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Auto Select Layer: T chn Layer Show Bounding Box: Hin th tm nt xung quanh i tng, ta c th xoay, co gin, Nhm Align : Dng ging hng cc Layer c lin kt (link) vi nhau. Nhm Distribute : Dng phn phi u cc i tng c lin kt vi nhau.

II. L nh t o vi n cho vng ch n

Chn i tng vi vng chn xc nh Menu Edit \ Stroke, hin th hp thoi Stroke. Thay i cc thuc tnh trong hp thoi Stroke. Width: dy ca ng vin. Color: mu ca ng vin. Inside: to vin bn trong Outside: to vin bn ngoi Center: to vin trng tm (K t bin vng chn) Opacity: m ca ng vin. Mode: Ch ha trn.

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III. M t s l nh lin quan v i vng ch n (Menu select)

Lnh Select All (Ctrl + A): To vng chn bao kn ton b hnh nh. Lnh Deselect (Ctrl + D): Hy vng chn. Nu cha hi lng vi thao tc, ta c th hy b vng chn bng lnh trn. Lnh Reselect (Ctrl + Shift + D): Ly li vng chn hy. Lnh Inverse (Ctrl + Shift + I): Nghch o vng chn. Color Range: Cng dng tng t nh Magic Wand nhng c u im hn nh c chc nng Fuzziness tng gim lng mu tng ng.

o Selection: preview ch hin th hnh nh di dng mu trng, en. Vng c mu trng l vng c chn, vng mu en l vng khng c chn. o mu. Image: Preview hin th dng nh Feather (Ctrl + Alt + D): Lm m bin vng chn

Chn thng s m bin vi Feather Radius..... pixels

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Vng chn sau khi c Feather Modify: Hiu chnh vng chn o Border: To khung bin vng chn (Width: xc nh rng ca khung bin) o o o Smooth: Lm mn vng chn Expand: M rng u chu vi vng chn Contract: Thu hp u chu vi vng chn Lnh Grow: Ni rng vng chn c vng mu gn nht (chn mu cc b). Lnh Similar: D tm trn ton file tt c cc mu mu trng vi mu chn ban u v chn ht (Chn theo tng mu chn trc trn ton file). Lnh Transform Selection: Phng to thu nh, xoay, vng chn. Gi shift bm vo bn gc hp vung vng chn s u hn. (Hoc ta c th kch phi mouse vo bn trong vng chn chn ch Transform Selection). Lnh Save Selection: Lu vng chn, vng chn c lu s hin th trong knh Alpha v t tn cho vng chn .

Lnh Load Selection: ti vng chn lu tr. New selection: vng chn mi

o Add to selection: vng chn mi s l s kt hp khi vng chn va v vi vng chn c sn trong knh c chn. o Subtract from selection: vng chn mi s l phn cn li sau khi vng chn va v ct vng chn c sn trong knh c chn. o Intersect with selection: vng chn mi s l phn giao nhau ca vng chn va v vi vng chn c sn trong knh c chn.

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IV. B ng bi n i i t ng
Dng bin i i tng Thao tc: Chn i tng (hoc chn Layer) Chn Menu Edit\ Free Transform (Ctrl+T): Bin hnh t do (Ngoi ra, ta c th kt hp bng cch bm phm Ctrl v t tr cc gc bin dng, skew,) Chn Menu Edit\ Transform (Ctrl + T)

Scale: Phng to thu nh i tng c chn

L u : Mun phng to, thu nh i tng ng t l trong khi thao tc nhn gi phm shift Rotate: Xoay i tng c chn

Skew: Ko xin i tng c chn

Distort: Bin dng i tng c chn

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Perspective: Bin dng i tng c chn theo phi cnh

Rotate 1800: Xoay i tng c chn theo gc 1800 Rotate 900CW: Xoay i tng c chn theo gc 900 cng chiu kim ng h Rotate 900CCW: Xoay i tng c chn theo gc 90 0 ngc chiu kim ng h Flip Horizontal: Lt i tng theo chiu ngang Flip Vertical: Lt i tng theo chiu dc

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Bi 3
LAYERS ( Lp )
Ngoi nhng tnh nng hiu chnh v bin i hnh nh, Photoshop cng c kh nng phi ghp cc hnh nh hon ton c lp vi nhau thnh mt tp tin hnh nh tng hp rt phong ph, c sc Ta c th sao chp bt k hnh nh t cc tp tin hnh nh khc em vo tp tin hnh nh ca ta vi nguyn tc chung l xy dng trn lp (Layer). Lp di cng ca mt hnh nh thng thng gi l background (hnh nn). Layer (lp) l nhng lp trong sut c t ln trn nn background. hin th hp thoi Layer: Menu Window \Layers (F7)

16 15

1 2 3 4

14 13

12 11 10
V d

C mt hnh nn (background) lm hnh nn cho hnh tri tim (Layer) c to trng sut s nhn thy nn (bacground)

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C th chuyn i t nn (background) sang lp (Layer). Nhp hai ln vo lp background . Hin hp thoi chn OK.

Kt qu s hin th mt Layer 0 t nn background ang hin th. Bn c th t chc nhiu Layer nm trn Layer.

Nt s 1 Nt s 2 Nt s 3 Nt s 4 Nt s 5 Nt s 6 Nt s 7 Nt s 8

: Opacity trong sut ( m c) ca Layer : Fill trong sut ca cc Pixel mu (khng k mu ca hiu ng). : Layer Set 1 th mc cha (qun l) cc Layer : Cc Layer con bn trong th mc Layer Set : Cc hiu ng trn Layer : Lp nn (background) : Delete Layer: xa Layer : Create a new Layer: to mt Layer mi

Nt s 9 : Create new fill or adjustment Layer: to mt lp mu ph hoc mt lp hiu chnh mi. Nt s 10 : Create a new set: to mt Layer set (th mc cha cc Layer con bn trong) Nt s 11 : Add Layer mask: to mt lp mt n mi. Nt s 12 : Add a Layer Style: hiu ng trn Layer Nt s 13 : n\ Hin Layer 25

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Nt s 14 : Layer hin hnh Nt s 15 : Cc ch kha Layer Nt s 16 : Blending Mode: cc ch ha trn lp

I.

Cc ch ha tr n l p (Blending Mode)

S dng cc ch ha trn to hiu qu cho hnh nh ca lp trn khi s dng ha trn vi hnh nh bn di. I.1.1. Normal Chun, khng ha trn I.1.2. Dissolve To hiu ng c v kh trong mt lng Pixel c ha trn. I.1.3. Darken Kt qu nghing v mu ti, sc m vn c bo ton, m hn so vi nh ban u. I.1.4. Multiply Kt qu m hn so vi nh ban u v c s ha trn u mu sng v mu ti. I.1.5. Color Burn To ra hiu ng chiu sng thng nghing v sc nu , nhng mu sng tr nn rc r, hiu ng thng to nh sng gt trn nn m. I.1.6. Linear Burn Hiu ng gn ging Color burn nhng chuyn mu bt gt hn cc chuyn sng ti. I.1.7. Lighten To ra kt qu sng hn so vi nh ban u v lm gim m trn hnh nh. I.1.8. Screen Sng hn so vi nh ban u, ch ny ngc vi hiu ng Multiply. I.1.9. Color Dodge Lm sng mu nn lm ni bt mu ha trn thng nghing v nhng mu rc r. I.1.10. Linear Dodge Hiu ng gn ging Color Dodge nhng sng bt gt. I.1.11. Overlay ch ny thng nghing v sc nng v rc r. I.1.12. Soft Light Hiu ng gn ging hiu ng Overlay nhng tng phn b gim i, nh thng cho nh sng du. I.1.13. Hard Light Kt qu nghing v mu m. I.1.14. Vivid Light

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To nh c rc r lm tng tng phn so vi nh ban u. I.1.15. Linear Light Gn ging vi hiu ng Vivid Light nhng gim tng phn. I.1.16. Pin Light To kt qu rc r mu tuy nhin c tng thm cc cp trung gian. I.1.17. Difference Kt qu to ra mt mu th ba khc bit so vi h mu ban u. I.1.18. Exclusion Gn ging hiu ng Difference nhng b gim tng phn. I.1.19. Hue Mu sc b ha trn v ln vo mu nn. ch ny thng c tng mu xm. I.1.20. Saturation Kt hp xm v sc ca mu ha trn vi mu nn. I.1.21. Color Ha trn c bo lu sng ti ca mu nn vi sc v cng ca mu ha trn. I.1.22. Luminosity Nghing v thang xm nhng mu rc r t b ha trn.

I.2. Cc ph ng php ch n Layer

Nhp chut vo Layer cn chn. Nhn gi phm Ctrl nhp chut vo vng hnh nh ca Layer cn chn. Kim nhn chc nng Auto Select Layer trn thanh Options. Sau dng cng c Move nhp vo hnh nh ca Layer cn chn. Kch phi trc tip ln vng hnh nh ca Layer cn chn, sau chn tn ca Layer.

I.3. S p x p th t trn d i c a cc Layer

I.3.1. Cch 1: Chn Layer cn thay i th t v tr. Nhp v gi chut vo layer di chuyn ln hoc xung trn palette Layer ri nh chut. I.3.2. Cch 2: Chn Layer cn thay i th t v tr. Menu Layer \ Arrange: Bring Forward (Ctrl+]) a Layer ln trn mt v tr Send Backward (Ctrl+[) a layer xung di mt v tr. Bring to Front (Ctrl+Shift+]): a Layer ln trn cng Send to Back (Ctrl+Shift+[): a Layer xung di cng

I.4. Layer Properties

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Kch phi mouse vo Layer mun thay i thuc tnh, xut hin hp thoi:

Name: t tn Layer Color: Chn mu cho Layer

Ngoi ra, ta cn c th truy cp bng Layer Properties bng nhng cch sau: Menu Layer\ Layer properties Kch vo menu palette Layer\ Layer properties

I.5. Canh hng gi a cc Layers

Chn Layer mun canh hng (Layer c chn s l Layer chun, c nh v tr, nhng Layer c lin kt vi Layer ny s phi ging hng theo Layer ny). Lin kt cc Layer mun canh hng vi Layer hin hnh. Menu Layer \ Align Linked (Hoc chn cng c Move, sau chn kiu ging hng trn thanh Options):

Cc kiu ging hng: Align Top Edges: Canh bng nhau trn nh Align Vertical Centers: Canh gia theo phng dc Align Bottom Edges: Canh bng nhau di y Align Left Edges: Canh tri Align Horizontal Centers: Canh gia theo phng ngang Align Right Edges: Canh phi

I.6. Phn ph i u kho ng cch gi a cc Layers (Distribute):

Lin kt cc Layer mun phn phi u (i vi lnh ny bt buc phi c t ba Layer tr ln) Menu Layer\ Distribute Linked (Hoc chn cng c Move, sau chn kiu ging hng trn thanh Options)

L u : Hai layer ngoi cng s c nh nu l phn phi u theo chiu ngang, Layer trn cng v Layer di cng s c nh nu phn phi u theo chiu dc (Ly tng khong cch ca hai Layer ngoi cng chia u cho cc Layer bn trong c Link vi n). Cc kiu phn phi u: Distribute Top Edges: Phn phi u theo nh Distribute Vertical Centers: Phn phi u theo tm (tnh theo phng dc) Distribute Bottom Edges: Phn phi u theo y 28

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Distribute Left Edges: Phn phi u theo cnh tri Distribute Horizontal Centers: Phn phi u theo tm (tnh theo phng ngang) Distribute Right Edges: Phn phi u theo cnh phi.

I.7. Cc tr ng h p pht sinh Layers

Khi ta copy mt vng chn bng lnh Edit \ Copy (Ctrl+C) ri dng lnh Edit \ Paste (Ctrl+V) th s xut hin mt Layer mi. Khi ta chn mt vng chn (trn background hoc Layer hnh nh bt k), bm Ctrl + J Nhn i hnh nh bn trong vng chn ln mt Layer mi vi v tr tng i khng thay i. Khi dng cng c Type (T) nhp vn bn ln mt hnh nh th trn ca s ny s xut hin mt Layer Text mi. Khi ta dng lnh File\Place t mt hnh nh c v di dng AI hay EPS ln mt ca s hnh nh th trn ca s ny dng cng c Move (V) di chuyn vng chn hoc ton b hnh nh t tp tin A sang tp tin B th trn tp tin B s xut hin mt Layer mi. Khi ta sao chp ni dung s xut hin mt Layer mi. Khi s dng cng c shape layer v i tng. Nhp vo biu tng new Layer trn Palette Layer hoc vo menu Layer \ New \ Layer (Ctrl+ Shift+N) Nhn t hp phm nng (Ctrl+Alt+Shift+N) Chn cng c Move, bm Alt v Drag mouse trc tip ln i tng

I.8. Cc ch c nng c a menu Palete Layer

New Layer: to lp mi Duplicate Layer: nhn i lp mi Delete Layer: xa lp Delete Linked Layers: xa cc lp c lin kt Delete Hidden Layers: xa cc lp n Merge Linked: gp cc lp ang c lin kt thnh mt lp Merge Down: gp lp ang chn vi lp bn di Merge Visible: gp tt c cc lp ang hin th

Flatten Image: lm phng lp (Gp tt c cc lp li thnh 1 lp background)

II. Layer mask (m t n l p)

Mt n s dng che mt phn ca hnh nh m vn bo ton nh gc. Mt n ch s dng hai

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mu (ca mu foreground): Thao tc: II.1.1.Cch 1: Chn layer nh mun to mt n che Click biu tng (Add a Layer Mask) pha di Palette Layer s dng mt trong cc cng c che mt n (cng c Brush vi u c mm hoc cng c Gradient,) Trng (hin th) en (che)

II.1.2.Cch 2: V d minh h a Chn Layer mun to mt n che Menu Layer\ Add Layer Mask\ Reveal All: Hin th tt c Hide All: Che tt c Reveal selection: Hin th phn bn trong vng chn Hide selection: Che phn bn trong vng chn M tp tin Import > Copy nh ln layer 2 Layer trn > Add layer mask Dng cng c t chuyn sc v chuyn sc c kt qu

Hai nh ghp vo nhau s dng mt n lp (Layers mask)

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Bm chn biu tng Add Layer mask ghp hai nh li

Xa mt n:

Sau khi ghp bng mt n lp (Layer mask)

Drag mt n vo biu tng thng rc (Delete Layer) pha di Palette Layer ' Xut hin cu thng bo: Discard: Xo hn mt n, a hnh nh tr v trng thi bnh thng nh trc khi s dng mt n. Apply: Cp nht mt n lp vo Layer hin hnh. Hoc Menu Layer \Remove Layer Mask

V hiu ha tm thi mt n: Menu Layer\ Disable Layer Mask (Shift + Click vo biu tng mt n trn Layer). S dng li mt n v hiu ho: Menu layer\ Enable Layer Mask (Shift Click vo biu tng mt n b v hiu ho trn Layer) L u : Khi lm vic vi mt n, ta phi bo m rng ta ang chn lp mt n, nu khng bn s lm nh hng trc tip ln hnh nh y. Kt qu: Hnh nh ca Layer nm trn s b m dn t trn xung theo chuyn sc ca lp mt n.

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Bi 4
MU SC HI U CHNH MU
I. Cc l nh lin quan hi u ch nh
Menu Image > Adjustments >

I.1. L nh Levels
Dng chnh sa khong tng v cn bng mu ca hnh nh bng cch iu chnh cc mc cng ca vng ti, vng gia tng v vng sng trong nh.

Thao tc thc hin:

Nt tam gic mu en: i din cho tng mu ti Shadow. Nt tam gic mu trng: i din cho tng mu sng Highlight. Nt tam gic mu xm: i din cho tng mu trung bnh Midtone.

Chn lnh Levels, hp thoi xut hin. Kch v di chuyn nt tam gic nm gia trong ba nt trong biu Input Levels. Nu di chuyn v pha bn

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phi hnh nh s ti hn. Ngc li nu di chuyn v pha bn tri ca hp thoi, hnh nh s sng hn. Kch vo nt OK. L u : Thng thng dng cng c Eyedropper thit lp cc im en v im trng tuyt i ci thin tng mu cho hnh nh.

I.2. L nh Auto Level

T ng hiu chnh mc xm trung bnh (Gamma).

I.3. L nh Auto Contrast

T ng hiu chnh cng tng phn trong hnh nh.

I.4. L nh Curves
Hiu chnh ng b cc mc sng ti trung bnh. Thao tc thc hin: Chn lnh Curves Di chuyn con tr v kch ln ng th (ng xin t gc di tri n gc tri phi), s xut hin mt nt vung trn ng th . Kch vo nt vung v r chut theo hng trn tri l tng sc sng. Ngc li, kch vo mt nt vung v chut theo hng di phi l tng sc ti OK

I.5. L nh Brightness\ Contrast

Hiu chnh sc sng ti v cng tng phn trong hnh nh.

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Thao tc thc hin: Chn lnh Brightness\ Contrast Di chuyn con trt ca thanh Brightness, nu sang bn tri lm ti hnh nh. Ngc li, sang bn phi lm sng hnh nh. Di chuyn con trt ca thanh Contrast, nu sang tri l gim tng phn. Ngc li, sang bn phi s lm tng tng phn trong hnh nh. Kch nt OK.

I.6. L nh Color Balance

Dng cn bng mu sc.

Thao tc thc hin: Kim nhn mt trong ba gi tr khu vc Tone Balance. Shadows: tp trung thay i nhng vng hnh nh c sc ti. Midtones: tp trung thay i nhng vng hnh nh c sc trung bnh Highlights: tp trung thay i nhng vng hnh nh c sc sng. Preserve Luminosity: ty chn ny cho php duy tr sng trong hnh nh. Di chuyn ba thanh trt trong khu vc Color Balance. Cyan: mu xanh da tri Red: mu Magenta: mu tm sen Green: mu xanh lc Yellow: mu vng Blue: mu xanh dng. Ko con trt n mu cn tng trong hnh nh v ra xa mu cn gim trong hnh nh. 34

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Kch nt OK.

I.7. L nh Hue\Saturation
Dng hiu chnh sc , bo ha mu v mc sng ti cho hnh nh.

Thao tc thc hin: Di chuyn cc thanh trt trong bng Hue\Saturation - Hue: hiu chnh sc mu - Saturation: hiu chnh bo ha - Lightness: hiu chnh sng ti. Colorize: Hnh nh c chuyn sang sc ca mu Foreground hin hnh v vn bo ton sng cho mi pixel.

L u : Trong trnh n s xung ca Edit, ta chn mt mu bt k, chng hn nh Red (). Khi hiu chnh, ta tc ng ln nhm mu thuc tng mu . Tt c mu cn li vn gi nguyn trng thi ban u.

I.8. Auto color:

T ng tinh chnh cn bng mu trong hnh nh.

I.9. L nh Desaturate
Chuyn i ton b mu sc ca hnh nh sang thang xm nhng vn gi nguyn h mu ban u, v n ch nh hng n hnh nh trn Layer hin hnh. Thao tc n gin: ta ch chn lp hnh nh Menu Image\ Adjustments\ Desaturate.

I.10.

L nh Replace Color

Thay th mu hin hnh c ch nh bng cc gi tr mu mi.

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Fuzziness: xc nh phm vi di mu s c chn thay th. Hnh vung mu en: hin th vng chn hin hnh. Vng mu trng trong hnh vung mu en: hin th vng mu s c thay th Hue: iu chnh tng mu Saturation: iu chnh cng mu Lightness: iu chnh sng ti ca mu Ba cng c Eyedroper: dng xc nh mu mu no cn c thay th Eyedropper (+): dng chn thm

mu mu Eyedropper (-) dng loi bt mu mu khng cn thit ra khi mu mu chn.

I.11.

L nh Selective Color

Hiu chnh mu theo tng mu nh chn.

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Thao tc thc hin: Chn tng mu trong menu s ca nhn lnh Color. Di chuyn cc nt tam gic ca bn thanh trt: Cyan Magenta Yellow Black. OK

I.12.

L nh Channel Mixer

Nhum ba mu theo tng knh n (Red Green Blue) ln hnh nh. Thao tc thc hin: Chn mt knh mu n trong trnh n Output Channel. Di chuyn nt tam gic ca ba thanh trt Red, Green, Blue trong khu vc Source Channel hiu chnh mu nhum. Monochrome: s dng cc mc xm. Di chuyn nt tam gic trn thanh trt Contrast: tng hoc gim bt dy c ca knh mu c chn. Kch nt OK.

Mun lu gi nhng hiu chnh trong hp thoi Channel Mixer ta kch nt Save. Khi cn s dng

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li, ta kch nt Load.

I.13.

Gradient Map:

Lnh Gradient Map nh x khong bin thin thang xm tng ng ca hnh nh theo mu ca mu t gradient xc nh. Vng ti trong hnh nh nh x n mu mt u mu t (bn tri), vng sng nh x n mu u cn li (bn phi). Thao tc: M hp thoi Gradient Map nh r mu t gradient s p dng Chn cc ty chn thch hp: Dither: Lm mn mu mu t v gim

bt hiu ng sc Reverse: i hng bin thin ca mu t Gradient, nghch o hng nh x. Ok

I.14.

L nh Invert

To m bn cho hnh nh. Thao tc thc hin: ch vic chn lnh Invert. Hnh nh minh h a:

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I.15.

L nh Equalize

Phn b u gi tr sng trung bnh. Thao tc thc hin: chn mt vng hnh nh chn lnh Equalize. Xut hin mt hp thoi:

Equalize selected area only: ch bn trong vng chn. Equalize entire image base on selected area: phn b u n tt c nhng pixel da trn nhng pixel bn trong vng chn.

S dng Equalize khi nh qut ti hn so vi nh gc nhng mun cn bng cc gi tr nhm to hnh nh sng hn.

I.16.

L nh Variations

Cho php iu chnh cn bng mu, tng phn v bo ha mu cho hnh nh. Thng s dng chuyn i hnh nh en trng sang hnh nh mu, y l mt vic khng th thiu trong lnh vc nhip nh. Thao tc thc hin: Khu vc c hai mu nm trn cng gip ta d dng so snh: - Original: mu hnh nh ban u. - Current Pick: mu hnh nh kt qu. More More More More More Khu vc c by mu gip ta thay i tng mu. Green: thm mu xanh lc Yellow: thm mu vng Red: thm mu Magenta: thm mu xanh dng Blue: thm mu xanh da tri. Khu vc c ba mu nm bn phi gip ta thay i sng ti.

- Lighter: thm sc sng

- Darker: thm sc ti - Current Pick: kt qu iu chnh sng ti. L u : Mun hiu qu tc ng trn hnh nh, hy kch ln nhng mu . Kch nt OK

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II. Cc ph ng php t mu
Lm vic vi Bng Swatches palette

Swatches Palette l ni cha cc mu mu, mc nh l 128 mu nhng ta c th thm hoc bt nhng mu trn . M ng Swatches Palette: vo menu Window\ Swatches Create New Swatches: to mu mu mi vo swatches. Delete Swatches: xa mu mu Khi click chn mu mu, mu s xut hin mu foreground.

II.1. Lm vi c v i B ng Color palette

C th thay i mu trong h RGB, CMYK, HSB pha mu theo mu ch nh. M ng Color Palette: vo menu Window\ Color Di chuyn thanh trt cc dy mu R, G, B hoc nhp thng s vo mu chn mu thch hp

II.2. Ch n l a mu foreground, Background

Quan st trn hp cng c ta s thy c biu tng hai mu, nm trn l mu Foreground (tin cnh) v nm di l mu Background (hu cnh).

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Foreground: mu tin cnh Switch foreground to background colors: hon i gia mu tin cnh v mu nn (X) Background: mu hu cnh (nn) Default color: ti lp mc nh mu en trng (D)

T mu cho vng chn bng mu Foreground: nhn phm Alt + Del. T mu cho vng chn bng mu Background: nhn phm Ctrl + Del.

II.3. Cc cng c t mu
II.3.1.Paint Bucket ( )

Dng t y mt mu ng nht hoc mt mu ha tit (Pattern) vo nhng Pixel lin k c gi tr mu tng t vi pixel va nhp. Thao tc thc hin: Chn cng c Paint Bucket Chn mu mun t trong mu Foreground. Kch vo vng chn. Hoc nu mun t bng ha tit th chn ch Pattern trong hp Fill trn thanh Options.

II.3.2.Gradient (

Dng t mu chuyn sc. a. Linear Gradient: Mu bin thin t im u n im cui theo ng thng. Thao tc thc hin: Chn cng c Linear Gradient. Kch im u v r chut ti mt im cui bt k (Bm gi Shift trong khi r mouse nu mun t theo 1 ng thng).

b. Radial Gradient: Mu bin thin t im u n im cui theo dng ta trn. c. Angle Gradient: Mu bin thin nghch chiu kim ng h xung quanh im bt u (ging hnh chp hay hnh nn). d. Reflect Gradient: Mu bin thin da trn mu gradient tuyn tnh i xng mt bn im bt u.

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e. Diamond Gradient: mu bin thin t im bt u hng ra ngoi theo dng hnh thoi. im cui quyt nh mt gc ca hnh thoi. Mt khc, ta c th ty chn cch chuyn sc trong bng Gradient Options Blending mode: cc ch ha trn Opacity: trong sut Gradient: cc la chn gradient khc nhau Transparency: cho php t kiu Gradient trong sut Dither: to mu ha trn mn hn, t sc hn. ch mc nh (t ng m phng nhng mu khng th hin th c trn my). Reverse: vi ty chn ny, mu Gradient c to ra s b o ngc v tr so vi mu chn. Click to Edit the Gradient ( ): nhp vo nt ny m Gradient Editor, dng chnh sa tnh cht ca mu Gradient ang c chn.

S dng bng Gradient Editor thay i mu t chuyn theo nhng gc khc nhau.
Th vin Gradient mu

Opacity Stop trong sut Color Stop Nt mu

trong sut ca mu ti v tr nht nh

V tr nt mu ang chn

Loi chuyn sc im gia 2 mu mn (Solid) hay sc (Noise)

Thm mt nt mu trn dy chuyn sc: kch 1 ln vo 1 im bt k ngang hng vi cc nt Color Stop i mu: double click ln nt mu cn i 42

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Xa nt mu: chn nt mu cn xa kch nt Delete pha di bng Gradient Editor hay ch cn ko drag nt mu xung di khi thanh mu. Load th vin gradient: kch vo menu palette Gradient Editor\ chn th vin cn Load. Ly li th vin mc nh: kch vo menu palette Gradient Editor\ Preset Gradients

To baner v b nt v t mu Gradient vo vng chn, baner ging mu sau : Phn baner c t mu Gradient 480 x 72 pixel

II.3.3.Eyedropper (

Dng ly mu mt (foreground) hoc mu nn (background) trn hnh nh.

Thao tc thc hin:

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Chn cng c Eyedropper, chn mt trong ba kiu ht mu trn thanh Options. Point Sample: ht mu ti mt pixel c chn 3 by 3 Average: ly mu trung bnh ca 3*3 Pixel k cn nhau. 5 by 5 Average: ly mu trung bnh ca 5*5 Pixel k cn nhau. Di chuyn con tr v kch vo mt mu trn hnh nh. Kt qu: mu ly c s hin th trong mu Foreground. Bm gi phm Alt v kch vo mt mu trn hnh nh. Kt qu: mu ly c s hin th trong mu background.

Ngoi ra, khi ang lm vic vi mt cng c t v bt k, ta c th bm Alt chuyn tm thi v cng c EyeDropper. II.3.4.Color Sampler Tool :

Ht ly thng s mu. Cho xem ti a l bn thng s v cc thng s ny c hin th trn palette Info vi s th t tng ng (#1, #2, #3, #4). Mun xa cc im to ra bng cng c Color Sampler Tool: kch phi mouse ti im cn xa v chn Delete hoc kch lnh Clear (Clear All) trn thanh Options.

II.3.5.Measure (

Xc nh ta , gc, di ca mt i tng. Thao tc thc hin: Chn cng c Measure. Kch xc nh mt im trn hnh nh v drag mouse sang v tr th hai. Quan st ta thy bng con Info hoc thanh Options, ta s thy kt qu thng qua s thay i ca cc ch s.

Mt ng dng khc ca cng c Measure: Canh chnh hnh nh b nghing tr v dng thng: Dng cng c Measure drag dc theo b xin ca hnh nh Menu Image\ Rotate Canvas\ Arbitrary Ok

II.4. T mu theo m u t Pattern

II.4.1.Cch t o m u t Pattern Thao tc thc hin: To i tng dng to mu t

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Nhn Ctrl + A (chn ht nh) hoc chn mt vng chn bt k trn mu Chn Edit \ Define Pattern (t tn mu t -> OK)

II.4.2.T mu theo m u t Thao tc thc hin: M mt tp mi Chn Edit \ Fill Chn cc chc nng trong hp thoi Fill Use: Chn Pattern Custom Pattern: Chn kiu mu t Mode: Ch ha trn (Normal) Opacity: m

Nhp OK Mu t s c t trn tp tin

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BI 5

LM VI C VI CNG C PEN HI U CHNH PATH

I. Cng c v Path
I.1. Khi ni m v Path
Path l mt ng hoc mt hnh th (shape) bt k. ng path c th l ng path m (h) hoc ng (khp kn), v ta c th chnh sa ng Path theo mun bng cc cng c con bn trong hoc kt hp phm tt. ng Path c th s dng ct lc hnh nh, v hnh dng i tng v c th xut sang s dng nhng chng trnh khc

I.2. Cng c Pen:

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I.2.1. Pen Tool: Cng c to ng Path. Cc chc nng trn thanh Options

Path Ch to ng Path n, Cc i tng Cng, tr, khng t mu, thng dng dng Path c Bt\tt ch y phn giao l lc hnh t ng ca ng sn (Custom Shape) thm bt Path nt Shape Layer To ra mt lp Layer Shape c mu hoc c hoa vn

Thao tc thc hin: Chn cng c Pen Tool (P) Trn thanh Options ca cng c Pen, chn chc nng Paths

V cc on thng: kch xc nh im bt u, nh chut, di chuyn chut n v tr th hai v nhp chut kt thc. Mun v on thng lin tc bn c lp li thao tc trn. Ta c th bm gi Shift khi kch v c cc on thng ng, ngang, hoc xin mt gc 45o.

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V ng cong: Ging cc loi bt v Bzier ca cc chng trnh ha. Kch xc nh im bt u, nh chut, di chuyn chut n v tr th hai v drag mouse v hng ca im node (nt) k tip. ng tc ny lm xut hin mt tip tuyn (handle, tay nm) v ng v s un theo tip tuyn ti cc node (nt) .

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V i tng kn: Lp li thao tc ging nh trn nhng mun khp kn ng path khi v xong bn s di chut n im khi u ca ng path v thy mt vng trn nh xut hin bn cnh du hiu ngi bt v bn nhp chut vo lc ny ng path ca bn s c ng kn v t hy chn. I.2.2. Freeform Pen Tool: V ng Path bng cch drag mouse t do. Thao tc thc hin: I.2.3. Add Anchor Point Tool: Thm node Thao tc thc hin: I.2.4. Delete Anchor Point Tool: Xo node Thao tc thc hin: Chn cng c Add Anchor Point Tool (P) Nhp ln trn ng Path thm node vo ng Path Chn cng c Freeform Pen Tool (P) Nhp gi chut v r chut v ng Path t do

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 I.2.5. Convert Point Tool:

Chn cng c Add Anchor Point Tool (P) Nhp ti v tr node trn ng Path xa node trn ng Path

Hiu chnh tay nm, bin node gy nhn thnh node trn, mn Thao tc thc hin: Chn cng c Convert Point Tool (P) Nhp ti v tr node cn chnh sa thnh node trn mn hoc node gy nhn trn ng Path

I.2.6. Cng c Path Selection Tool (A): Dng chn ton b ng path di chuyn. Thao tc thc hin: Chn cng c Path Selection Tool (A) Nhp chn ng Path v di chuyn c ng Path n v tr bt k

I.2.7. Cng c Direct Selection Tool (A): Dng chn im neo, node v di chuyn im neo, node. Thao tc: Trong thc t ta ch cn dng cng c pen khi mun chnh sa mt ng path. Thm node: Chn cng c pen v v ng path, khi a con tr chut vo ng path ti v tr cn thm node, n s t ng bin thnh cng c Pen+, nhp chut vo ng path thm node. Xa b node: Chn cng c pen v v ng path, khi a con tr chut ti node trn ng path cn xo node, n s t ng bin thnh cng c Pen -, nhp chut vo tng node xa b node. Chnh bin node gy nhn thnh node cong mn: Nhn gi phm Alt v nhp chut vo node gy nhn ng thi r chut chnh sa thnh ng cong mn. Bn c th di chuyn thanh iu khin ca node. Mun di chuyn node: Nhn gi phm Ctrl v nhp chut vo node ng thi r chut v di chuyn node ti v tr bt k. chuyn Path thnh vng chn, ta bm Ctrl+ Enter. Hoc kch mouse phi, chn chc nng Make Selection Mun v tip mt ng Path c sn, ta bm gi Ctrl + kch chn ng Path, kch vo node cui cng, sau v tip bnh thng.

I.3. Lm vi c v i Path Palette

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Menu Window\ Path.

Path palette l ni lit k v lu tr ng path. Cc ng path c th hin bng mt hnh thu nh vi ci tn workpath New path: to path mi Delete path: xa ng path Make selection: chuyn path thnh vng chn Make work path: chuyn vng chn thnh ng path Fill path with foreground color: t mu nn cho ng path vi mu foreground Stroke Path with Brush: t ng vin cho path vi cc dng c Brush (Chn Path, chn c Brush, chn nt c Kch biu tng Stroke path with Brush)

Tt c cc thao tc ca cng c v theo hnh dng u s dng trn bng Options. I.3.1. Rectangle Dng v hnh vung, hnh ch nht. I.3.2. Rounded Rectangle Dng v hnh vung, hnh ch nht gc bo trn (xc nh Radius thay i gc bo trn thanh Options) I.3.3. Ellipse Dng v hnh trn, hnh ellipse.

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I.3.4. Polygon Dng v hnh sao, hnh a gic (xc nh s cnh ti v tr sides trn thanh Options) I.3.5. Line Dng v ng thng, nu nhn gi phm Shift s v c mt ng thng ng hoc ng thng ngang. I.3.6. Custom Shape Dng v nhng hnh t chn trong th vin trn thanh Options.

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Bi 6
NHM CNG C CHNH SA HNH NH C V BRUSH
I. Nhm cng c ch nh s a hnh nh
) I.4. Clone Stamp (
Dng sao chp hnh nh

Thao tc thc hin: Chn cng c Clone Stamp. Chn c v v n nh cc ty chn c v. nh r ch ha trn (Mode), m c (Opacity) v din tin nt v. Quyt nh cch canh chnh pixel mu: Nu kim nhn mc Align: im ngun s lun lun c ging vi mt khong cch c nh so vi im ch (khi di chuyn im ch ra xa th im ngun cng s di chuyn theo vi mt khong cch c xc nh t ban u). Nu khng kim nhn mc Align th im ngun s lun lun c nh ti mt v tr. Use all Layer: ly mu d liu t mi lp Bm gi phm Alt v kch ln hnh nh chn im ngun. (Nu s dng cng c ny xa vt d th ta nn xc nh im ngun l phn nh sch gn vi vng nh d nht). Di chuyn con tr sang v tr th hai (vng nh d) ri kch tng im mt (hy xc nh li im ngun khc nu im ngun c khng cn thch hp na). Kt qu: s sao chp vng nh ti v tr im ngun sang im ch.

L u : Nu ly mu t mt hnh nh v p dng cho mt hnh nh khc th c hai nh phi thuc cng ch mu.

I.5. Healing Brush (

):

Cho php chm sa nhng ch cha hon chnh. T v bng nhng pixel mu c chit xut t hnh nh hoc ha tit. Ngoi ra, cng c ny cn c th so khp mu kt cu, sng ln sc thi ca im nh mu so vi im nh ngun. Kt qu: Cc pixel chnh sa ha trn lin lc vi phn nh cn li.

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Sampled: cho php s dng Pixel t hnh nh hin hnh Pattern: chn Pixel t mu ha tit. Quyt nh cch canh chnh pixel mu Bm gi phm Alt v kch ln hnh nh chn im ngun. (Nu s dng cng c ny xa vt d th ta nn xc nh im ngun l phn nh sch gn vi vng nh d nht). Di chuyn con tr sang v tr th hai (vng nh d) ri kch tng im mt (hy xc nh li im ngun khc nu im ngun c khng cn thch hp na).

L u : Nu ly mu t mt hnh nh v p dng cho mt hnh nh khc th c hai nh phi thuc cng ch mu. (tr trng hp mt trong s l nh Grayscale) Nu cn m bo tng phn gia cc ra nt v ca vng ang chnh sa, hy chn vng trc khi p dng cng c Healing Brush ( ngn khng cho mu trn ra ngoi).

I.6. Patch (

):

Chm sa vng nh c chn bng nhng Pixel ly t hnh nh khc hay t ha tit no . Tng t nh Healing Brush, Patch tool cng cho php so khp mu kt cu, nh sng v sc thi ca pixel mu so vi pixel ngun. Khi chm sa nh, nn chn tng vng nh nh ra kt qu chnh xc hn.

Source: Drag chn mt vng nh d t tr vo bn trong vng chn drag sang vng nh sch gn nht. Destination: Drag chn mt vng nh sch gn vng nh d nht t tr vo bn trong vng chn drag p sang vng nh d k bn. Ta c th chnh sa vng chn tng t nh thao tc vi cng c Lasso (bm Shift cng thm vng chn, bm Alt tr bt vng chn).

I.7. Blur (

Dng lm m cc ra hoc vng sc nt trong hnh nh gim bt chi tit.

Brush: ni cha cc loi c v kiu c khc nhau. Mode: cc ch ha trn ca cng c Strength: p lc phun ca cng c Use All Layers: lm m hnh nh c cha trong cc Layer ang hin th. 56

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Thao tc thc hin: Chn cng c Blur Xc lp cc ch cn thit trn thanh thuc tnh. Kch v r chut lin tc ln hnh nh. Kt qu: hnh nh s b m dn.

I.8. Sharpen (

Tp trung vo ra m nhm tng sc nt, da trn nguyn tc lm tng tng phn gia cc pixel nm cnh nhau.

Thao tc thc hin:

Brush: ni cha cc loi c v kiu c khc nhau. Mode: cc ch ha trn ca cng c Strength: p lc phun ca cng c Use All Layers: lm r nt hnh nh c cha trong cc Layer ang hin th.

Chn cng c Sharpen Xc lp cc ty chn thch hp trn thanh options Kch v r chut lin tc ln hnh nh Kt qu: hnh nh s r nt cc bin. Tuy nhin, khng nn s dng qu nhiu cng c ny.

I.9. Smudge (

M t hnh ng mit ngn tay qua vng sn t. Cng c ny ly mu v tr bt u v y n theo hng drag mouse.

Thao tc thc hin:

Brush: ni cha cc loi c v kiu c khc nhau Mode: cc ch ha trn ca cng c Strength: p lc lm nhe ca cng c Use All Layers: nh hng n cc Layer ang hin th.

Chn cng c Smudge Kch v r chut trc tip ln hnh nh theo hng thch hp.

Nu kim nhn ty chn mc Finger Painting: qut nhe bng mu foreground ti ni bt u tng im v.

I.10.

Dodge (

)
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Dng lm tng sng cho hnh nh.

Thao tc thc hin:

Brush: ni cha cc loi c v kiu c khc nhau Range: Gii hn vng nh hng: Shadows: vng ti; Midtones: vng gia tng; Highlights: vng sng. Exposure: xc nh sng, gi tr cng ln hiu ng cng mnh.

Chn cng c Dodge Xc lp cc gi tr cn thit trn thanh Options. Kch v r chut ln trn hnh nh Kt qu: hnh nh s sng dn trn vng kch chut.

I.11.

Burn (

):

Lm ti hnh nh

Thao tc thc hin:

Brush: ni cha cc loi c v kiu c khc nhau Range: Gii hn vng nh hng: Shadows: vng ti; Midtones: trung bnh; Highlights: vng sng. Exposure: xc nh sng, gi tr cng ln hiu ng cng mnh.

Chn cng c Burn Xc lp cc gi tr cn thit trn thanh Options. Kch v r chut ln trn hnh nh

Kt qu: hnh nh s ti dn trn vng kch chut.

I.12.

Sponge (

Dng lm cho mu sc ca hnh nh bo ha hn hoc rc r hn.

Brush: ni cha cc loi c v kiu c khc nhau Mode:

Desaturate: ty chn ny cho php lm gim cng mu. (mu sc chuyn dn qua xm). Saturate: ty chn ny cho php lm tng cng mu (mu sc rc r). Kt qu: hnh nh s thay i mu sc khi r chut trn vng hnh nh.

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II. H p tho i c (Brush)

Hp thoi Brush (trn thanh option) l ni th hin kch thc v cc dng u c khc nhau cho cc cng c v v chnh sa nh Brush, Eraser, History Brush, CloneStamp, Healing Brush, Smudge

II.1. Cc d ng c m c nh
Mc nh cho hp c Brush l mt s cc dng c v c kch c v nt c cng, mm khc nhau.

II.2. Th vi n l u tr cc c v
Ngoi cc dng c v mc nh, Photoshop cn c mt s th vin c Brush khc. ti cc c v ny, ta chn Menu Brush palette chn lnh Load Brush v theo ng dn sau: C:> Program file > Adobe > Photoshop 7.0 > Preset. Brush > *.ABR. Hoc ch cn vo Menu Brush palette v chn th vin c Brush mun load phn cui ca bng (Assorted Brushes Wet Media Brushes). Khi chn mt trong cc th vin c ny cc bn s thy xut hin mt cu thng bo:

Ok: Th vin c mi s thay th th vin c mc nh. Append: Vn gi li hp c hin hnh, th vin c mi s c ghi ni vo pha sau th vin hin hnh.

II.3. T t o nt c m i:
Dng cng c chn vng hnh ch nht (Feather=0) r chn mt vng hnh nh mun to nt c Chn Menu Edit\ Define Brush. t tn c v nhp Ok, nt c mi s c cp nht vo cui th vin c hin hnh.

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II.4. Cc l nh trong Menu Brush Palette

New Brush Preset: to mt c v mi Rename Brush: i tn c ca c ang chn sang tn mi Delete Brushes: xa b c v ang chn. Reset Brushes: tr li ch mc nh cho hp Brushes Load Brushes: nhp c v khc Save Brushes: lu cc c hin hnh thnh file *.ABR Replace Brushes: thay nt c hin hnh c trong Brushes thnh dng c khc

Hnh thc hin th cc mu c

Xc lp hp thoi c Brush

Th vin nt c

Ngoi ra, ta cn c th xc lp mt s ty chn khc cho tng nt c Brush bng cch kch biu tng Toggle the Brushes Palette hiu ng trn nt c. ( gc trn bn phi ca bng Options) thay i cc

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 ban u.

Brush Tip shape: n nh ty chn cho c v: Master Diameter: kch c c v Use sample Size: s dng li nt c v Angle: gc lch so vi phng ngang Roundness: bo trn ca u c Hardness: sc nt ca nt c. Spacing: khong cch gia cc u c

ca di c v hnh Ellip (100%: trn, <100%: ellip) trong mt nt v.

Shape Dynamics: cc kiu ty chn khc ca nt c (Control: Fade, Pen pressure,) Scattering: xc nh phn tn, chi phi s lng v v tr ht phun trn nt v. Texture: p dng mu ha tit kt cu vo nt v Dual Brush: s dng hai u c to ra nhng nt v. Ta xc nh nhng ty chn cho u c th nht vi Brush Tip Shape v xc nh cho u c th hai bng Dual brush. Color Dynamics: qun l vic thay i mu sc trn ng i ca nt v. Other Dynamics: dng t mu trn ng i ca nt v . Noise: to hiu ng ht xung quanh nt c mm bin. Wet Edges: s dng ng vin nt v mu nc. Shape Dynamics: thay i hnh dng nt c v. Airbrush: to hiu ng mu phun 61

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Smoothing: to ra nt v trn Protect texture: p t cng mt loi ha tit cho cc u c khc nhau m bo tnh ng nht.

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III. Nhm c Brush

III.1. Brush ( )
L cng c t v bng mu foreground vi nt c m du (hoc nt c cng).

Brush: ni cha cc loi c v kiu c khc nhau (th vin nt c) Mode: cc ch ho trn ca c Brush Opacity: trong sut mu ca c v Flow: p lc phun mu ca cng c (gi tr cng ln mu phun ra cng nhiu).

Mun v on thng: Kch xc nh im th nht, nh mouse, bm gi Shift v tip tc kch xc nh im th hai. Mt s nt c Brush tiu biu:
u c mn (nhe bin)

u c cng (sc bin) u c vung (Spacing ln) u c mn (kt hp Fade) u c c bit (special effects)

III.2. Pencil (
Dng v nt sc, mnh

Brush: ni cha cc loi c v kiu c khc nhau (ch s dng u c cng). Mode: cc ch ha trn Opacity: xc nh trong sut ca c Auto Erase: nu v trn vng c cng mu vi mu Foreground th nt v s c mu cng vi mu Background. Nu v trn vng khng cng mu vi hp Foreground th nt v c mu ca Foreground.

III.3. Eraser
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Dng ty xa mn hnh

Thao tc thc hin: III.3.1. Eraser Chn cng c Eraser Kch v r chut t do ln hnh nh

Brush: ni cha cc loi c v kiu c khc nhau Mode: Brush: ty xa hnh nh vi bin vng Pencil: ty xa hnh nh vi con tr hnh Block: ty xa hnh nh vi con tr hnh

xa mm hoc sc cnh. trn, bin vng xa sc cnh. vung, bin vng xa sc cnh. III.3.2. Background Eraser Tool: Xa cc pixel hnh nh tr v mu trong sut Quan st thanh Option

Eraser to History: Ly li nh gc ban u. Opacity: Cng vt ty

Protect Foreground Color: nhng vng hnh nh c mu trng vi mu Foreground s c bo v khng xa

Sampling: Continous: xa tt c cc pixel mu k cn khi drag mouse One: xa cc pixel ging mu c click u tin

III.3.3. Background Swatch: Xa cc pixel ging mu Background III.3.4. Magic Eraser Tool: Ty xa nn theo vng mu tng ng.

III.4. History
Thao tc thc hin:

Phc hi hnh nh tr v trng thi ban u.

Chn cng c History Brush. Kch v r chut lin tc trn hnh nh. 64

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Kt qu: xa sch tt c nhng g lp ln trn hnh nh. S dng History Palete (Menu Window\ History): Lu gi cc lnh m ta thc hin ln hnh nh t lc tp tin c m. Biu hin tng dng lnh. Mc nh ca Photoshop lu tr 20 bc, nhng thao tc xa hn t ng c xa gii phng b nh. Tuy nhin, nu mun ta vn c th tng, gim s ln lu trong palette History. Bng cch: Menu Edit\ References\ General Nhp gi tr mi vo hp s History States Lu : gi tr History State cng ln th cng chim nhiu b nh.

A B

A: Create new document from current state: to mt tp tin mi t trng thi hin ti. B: Create new Snapshot: gi li trng thi hin ti vi mt snapshot xut hin pha trn cng ca bng History. Chc nng ny rt hu ch khi phc ch hnh nh. C: Delete Current State: xa b trng thi hin ti.

III.5. Art History

C v ngh thut

Chn mt trong cc dng c v ngh thut trong danh sch Style v r v trc tip ln nh.

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BI 7
TEXT WRAPED TEXT PALETTE CHARACTER AND PARAGRAPH
I. Text (vn b n)
Ta c th dng cng c Text to mt ni dung vn bn, khi to ch xong, bn s dng nhng hiu ng trn ch nhm to ra nt vin, to ni, gn kt cu gradient... vi nhiu hnh thc a dng. Nhm cng c Text:

I.1. Horizontal Type Tool:

Cng c to vn bn theo chiu ngang. Thao tc thc hin: Chn cng c Horizontal Type Tool Xc lp mt s nh dng trn thanh Options (Fonts, Size, ) Kch vo v tr bt k trn hnh nh, nhp vn bn. Ni dung vn bn s c t ti Layer mi

I.2. Vertical Type Tool:

Cng c to vn bn theo chiu dc. Thao tc thc hin: Cc chc nng trn thanh options: Chn cng c Type Xc lp mt s nh dng trn thanh Options (Fonts, Size, ) Kch vo v tr bt k trn hnh nh, nhp vn bn.

i hng Text

Chn kiu m\nghing,

Ch canh hng (Align)

Tt c cc nh dng cho ch

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Chn Font

Chn Size

Mu ch Cc hiu ng un cong ch

Toggle the Character and Paragraph Palettes:

Font: chn kiu Font Style: kiu thng, m, nghing Size: kch c ch Leading: khong cch dng Kerning: Khong cch gia hai k t (ti du nhc, khng cn qut chn vn bn) Tracking: Khong cch gia cc k t Vertically Scale: co gin vn bn theo chiu dc Horizontally Scale: co gin vn bn theo chiu ngang Set the baseline Shift: khong cch vi ng nn ban u Color: mu vn bn Faux bold: lm m vn bn (bt k ch m, nghing, bn ngoi thanh option nh th no). Lu , khi s dng chc nng ny th khng cho php s dng ch Create Warped Text. Faux Italic: to vn bn nghing (bt k ch m, nghing, bn ngoi thanh option nh th no).

Paragraph Palette: thit lp vn bn dng on To vn bn dng on: chn mt trong cc cng c text, drag mouse to mt khung gii hn on vn bn, nhp vn bn vo bn trong khung ny.

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Left align text: canh tri vn bn. Center text: canh gia vn bn. Right align text: canh phi vn bn. Justify last left: canh thng hng hai bn, tr dng cui cng canh tri. Justify last centered: canh thng hng hai bn, tr dng cui canh gia. Justify last right: canh thng hng hai bn, tr dng cui canh phi.

Justify all: canh thng hng hai bn bt buc, k c dng cui cng. L u : Khi nhp vn bn (dng Type) s t pht sinh mt Layer ring (Layer T). Ring vi cc dng Type mask th ch l mt vng chn trn Layer hin hnh. i Layer vn bn thnh hnh nh (Layer thng) Click phi vo Layer vn bn Chn Rasterize Layer Menu Layer\ Rasterize\ Type

I.3. Horizontal Type Mask Tool:

Cng c to vn bn theo chiu ngang dng mt n vng chn. Thao tc thc hin: Chn cng c Horizontal Type Mask Tool Xc lp mt s nh dng trn thanh Options (Fonts, Size, ) Kch vo v tr bt k trn hnh nh, nhp vn bn. Ni dung vn bn ch l vng chn, bn phi to Layer mi cha vn bn.

I.4. Vertical Type Mask Tool:

Cng c to vn bn dc dng mt n vng chn. Thao tc thc hin: Chn cng c Horizontal Type Mask Tool Xc lp mt s nh dng trn thanh Options (Fonts, Size, ) Kch vo v tr bt k trn hnh nh, nhp vn bn. 68

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Ni dung vn bn ch l vng chn, bn phi to Layer mi cha vn bn.

II. CC LO I CH U N CONG
Un cong tc l cho php lm bin dng theo loi hnh dng, chng hn hnh cung hoc hnh gn sng. Kiu un c chn l mt thuc tnh ca lp ch c th thay i kiu un lp bt c lc no cn hay thay i dng un cong ton th. Ty chn un ch gip iu khin chnh xc hng v phi cnh ca hiu ng.

II.1. U n cong ch
Hng dn hc vin thc hin cc thao tc sau y: Chn lp ch. Thc hin mt trong hai cch: Chn cng c Type, nhp vo biu tng Create Warped Text trn thanh Option. Chn Layer > Type > Warp text.

II.2. Cc ty ch n trong h p tho i

Chn kiu un t menu Style. Chn hng un ch: Horizontal hoc Vertical. Chn Blend nh mc un ch. Horizontal Distortion v Vertical Distortion p dng phi cnh cho ch. Nhp OK.

II.3. G b U n ch
Chn lp ch b un. Chn cng c Type, v nhp v Warp text trn thanh Option hoc chn Layer > Type > Warp text. Chn None t menu Style, v nhp OK.

II.4. Layer style

To hiu ng cho hnh nh c cha trong Layer . Thao tc thc hin: C nhiu cch m bng Layer Style Nhp hai ln vo Layer mun to hiu ng Kch phi mouse ln Layer mun to hiu ng\ Blending Options Kch biu tng Chn kiu hiu ng gc di tri ca palette Layer\

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II.4.1.Drop shadow Hiu ng bng Mode: cc ch ha trn ca hiu ng Opacity: trong sut ca hiu ng Use Global Angle: ta ch cn thay i gc xoay ca mt hiu ng th tt c gc quay ca hiu ng khc cng thay i theo, khi ty chn ny c chn Distance: khong cch ca hiu ng i vi vt th Spread: tht (cng) ca bng Size: ln ca bng, bng cng ln th cng nhe v c chuyn mm Contour: kiu vin ca bng

V d :

Noise: to nhiu ht

Cha c hiu ng

S dng hiu ng Drop Shadows

II.4.2.Inner shadow Hiu ng bng bn trong

Cha c hiu ng

S dng hiu ng Inner Shadows

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II.4.3.Outer Glow Hiu ng bng qung mu bn ngoi

a. Blend Mode: Nu chn mu ti th Blend Mode nn chn Multiply mi thy r Ngc li nu chn mu sng th Blend Mode nn chn Screen hoc Highlight th s thy r hn. Opacity: m nht ca nh sng Noise: nhiu ht, khuych tn

Mu ca qung sng (Mu ng nht) Qung sng mu chuyn sc.

b. Technique: Softer: du, lan ta Precise: chnh xc Spread: cng ca qung sng Size: lan ta ca qung sng

Contour: kiu vin ca qung sng

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Range: phm vi lan ta Jitter: c hiu qu vi kiu pht sng mu Gradient

Cha c hiu ng

S dng hiu ng Outer Glow

II.4.4.Inner Glow Hiu ng bng qung mu bn trong

Cha c hiu ng

S dng hiu ng Inner Glow

II.4.5.Bevel and Emboss Hiu ng chm ni v vt cnh. Style: Outer Bevel: hiu ng cnh xin bn ngoi Inner Bevel: hiu ng cnh xin bn trong Emboss: hiu ng chm ni Pillow Emboss: hiu ng chm ni khc xung Stroke Emboss: chm ni cho ng vin (phi kim vo hiu ng Stroke mi thy c kiu ny) Technique: Smooth: khi khng sc cnh, trn, nhn. Chisel Hard: khi gt cnh 1 chiu Chisel Soft: khi gt cnh hai chiu Depth: su ca khi Direction: hng ca khi Up: ln Down: xung Size: ln ca khi Soften: mm mi ca khi, khi bo trn.

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 (phn sng)

Angle: hng ca khi Gloss Contour: kiu bng ca khi Higlight: Mode: cc ch ha trn ca highlight Opacity: trong sut ca highlight Shadow: Mode: cc ch ha trn ca bng Opacity: trong sut ca bng Contour: vin cho khi

Texture: cht liu lng bn trong hiu ng

Cha c hiu ng

Bevel and Emboss

Style: Inner Bevel Depth =100 Size = 11 Soften = 4 Angle = 90 Altitude = 67

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Bevel and Emboss Color Overlay () Bevel and Emboss Color Overlay () Drop shadows Bevel and Emboss Color Overlay () Drop shadows Inner Shadows Bevel and Emboss Color Overlay () Drop shadows Inner Shadows Outer Glow Bevel and Emboss Color Overlay () Drop shadows Inner Shadows Outer Glow Inner Glow II.4.6.Satin: Hiu ng to trn lng, bng nc

V d 1:
Cha c hiu ng

Opacity: m mu sng Angle: gc xoay hng Distance: khong cch mu Satin n i tng Size: ln ca bng Contour: chn kiu bng

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Drop Shadows

- Drop Shadows - Bevel and Emboss (Inner Bevel + Gloss contour = Ring Double) - Drop Shadows - Bevel and Emboss (Inner Bevel + Gloss contour = Ring Double) - Satin:

V d 2:
Cha c hiu ng

Bevel and Emboss

Bevel and Emboss Satin:

II.4.7.Color Overlay: Hiu ng ph mt lp mu ln i tng

II.4.8.Gradient Overlay :

Chn mu ha trn Opacity: trong sut ca mu ph.

Hiu ng ph mt lp Gradient ln i tng

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Style: kiu ha trn Linear: ha trn trc tip (thng) Radial: ta trn Angle: ta trn kiu hnh nn Reflected: phn chiu Diamond: ta vung nh nh kim cng Angle: gc xoay hng t Scale: co gin vng mu chuyn

V d 1:
Cha c hiu ng Gradient Overlay Gradient Overlay Drop Shadow Gradient Overlay Drop Shadow Stroke Gradient Overlay Drop Shadow Stroke Inner shadow

II.4.9.Pattern Overlay: Hiu ng ph mt lp Pattern ln i tng

Chn mu Pattern Snap To Origin: ng vt liu gc 77

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Cha c hiu ng

Scale: co gin vt liu

Pattern Overlay

Pattern Overlay Drop Shadows Pattern Overlay Drop Shadows Bevel and Emboss

II.4.10. Stroke Hiu ng to vin cho i tng trn layer

Size: Kch thc ng vin

Position: Outsize: ng vin hng bn ngoi i tng Insize: ng vin hng bn trong i tng Center: ng vin pht trin t gia bin i tng Opacity: trong sut ca ng vin Fill Type: cc kiu t ng vin Color: Mu thun Gradient: Mu chuyn sc Pattern: Ha tit

Cha c hiu ng

Stroke

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II.5. T o b nt b ng Layerstyles
II.5.1.B c 1: Dng cng c vng chn ch Fixed size (Style) v vng chn vi kch thc ngang = 140 pixel, cao 25 pixel t mu xanh dng m vo vng chn sau b chn.

II.5.2.B c 2: Hin th ca s Layer (F7) nhn chut double click trn lp(layer) ny hin th ca s hiu ng layer styles. Kim nhn vo mc Bevel and Emboss v thay i cc thng s ti mc Direction: up, size v soft. to hiu ng cho b mt ca lp ni ln c kt qu.

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II.5.3.B c 3: Nhp vn bn ni dung nt l GII THIU, HC PHN, MN HC, NG K, LIN H sp xp b nt ging mu.

II.5.4.B c 4: To hiu ng sng ln trang tr cho ni dung ca b nt thm phn bt mt hn vi ni dung ca nt GII THIU, HC PHN, MN HC, NG K, LIN H. Tng t phn to nn trn nhn doule click vo hiu ng Layer styles kim nhn vo hiu ng thng s trong bng c kt qu ch s sng ln nn. thay i cc

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Ty theo trng hp chnh cc hiu ng cho phn trang tr nn v b nt ca trang web cho p mt. tin cho vic thit k b nt dng hiu ng layer styles nhanh v chnh xc. Ngi thit k c th to mt ln hiu ng v lu li cc hiu ng trong ca s Style. Chn ng lp to hiu ng Layer style vo Window m ca s Style. Nhp vo biu tng Create new style t tn cho style mi to mau nut nhn OK cng vic to v lu Style hon tt.

S dng Style to v lu cho mt lp mi. Khi ngi thit k cn s ging nhau v kiu hiu ng cho b nt. V d : y mun p dng hiu ng ch sng cho cc ni dung cn li. Ta ch vic to mt vn bn mi ri chn li vn bn hin th ca s Style, ch vic chn vo tn Style to lc ny ni dung Layer hin hnh s b nh hng bi kiu Style ny.

Chn hiu ng Style

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B i 8
FILTER B LC
I. HI U NG C BI T ( FILTER)
I.1. NHM BLUR
Cc b lc Blur lm m vng chn hoc hnh nh, rt hu ch trong vic chm sa nh. C th to bng m cho hnh nh. nh gc:

I.1.1. Blur To hiu ng lm m hnh nh, to cm gic v s mm mi. Cc bin cnh mu ca hnh nh cng mn c gi tr thp. I.1.2. Blur More To hiu ng lm m hnh nh c hiu ng mnh gp ba, bn ln so vi Blur. I.1.3. Gaussian Blur Nhanh chng lm nhe vng chn theo mc c th iu chnh. Gi tr Radius cng cao th mc nhe cng mnh.

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I.1.4. Motion Blur Lm nhe theo hng c th (t 360 n + 360 ) v cng xc nh (t 1 999). Hiu ng ca b lc ny tng t nh chp nh i tng ang chuyn ng.

I.1.5. Radial Blur Lm nhe mt cch a dng v phong ph hn. N to ra vng xoy ng tm hoc theo ng hng tm (Spin, Zoom). Spin: Lm nhe dc theo cc ng trn ng tm (cun xoy)

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Zoom: Lm nhe theo ng hng tm

I.1.6. Smart Blur Lm nhe chnh xc hnh nh. Lm nhim v tinh lc cc mng mu. N chuyn ha hnh nh v dng n gin ca cc pixel mu.

I.2. NHM DISTORT

Cc b lc Distort lm bin dng hnh hc ca hnh nh, to hiu ng 3D hoc ti to hnh dng khc. Lu , nhng b lc ny c th chim dng rt nhiu dung lng nh. nh gc:

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I.2.1. Diffuse Glow Hnh nh ta nh c nhn qua b lc khuch tn m du. B lc ny a thm sc trng vo hnh nh, vi qung sng m dn t tm vng chn.

I.2.2. Displace B lc ny s dng mt nh PSD, gi l ha thay th quyt nh cch bin dng mt vng chn.

nh PSD

I.2.3. Glass Lm cho hnh nh hin th nh th c nhn ngm qua cc kiu knh khc nhau.

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I.2.4. Ocean Ripple Thm nhng gn sng cch nhau mt cch ngu nhin vo b mt hnh nh, lm cho hnh nh ta nh di nc.

I.2.5. Pinch Xoy vng chn. Gi tr dng ti a 100% s xon vng chn vo tm, gi tr m ti a 100% s xon vng chn hng ra ngoi.

I.2.6. Polar Coordinates Chuyn vng chn t ta vung gc sang ta cc v ngc li.

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I.2.7. Ripple To mu gn sng trn vng chn, y ht sng nc ln ln trn mt h. Mun chi phi hiu ng mc cao hn, hy dng b lc Wave.

I.2.8. Shear Lm bin dng hnh nh dc theo ng cong. Xc nh ng cong bng cch ko vch trong hp to ng cong biu th mc bin dng.

I.2.9. Spherize Cung cp hiu ng 3D cho i tng bng cch bao quanh hnh dng cu, lm bin dng hnh nh v ko dn hnh nh sao cho khp vi ng cong chn.

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I.2.10.

Twirl

Xoy hnh nh mnh dn v pha tm. Vic ch nh gc s to ra mt mu thc xoy.

I.2.11.

Wave

Hot ng tng t nh b lc Ripple nhng mc chi phi cao hn. Cc ty chn bao gm s b sinh sng, di sng, cao sng, v kiu sng.

I.2.12.

Zigzag

Lm bin dng nh theo hng xuyn tm vi cc ng ch chi. Ta c th xc lp s bc nghch hng trn ng ch chi. Hiu ng to cm gic nh nm vin xung nc, nc

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loang ra.

c c nh phn chiu mu trng, ta c th dng c Brush mu trng v vi nt ln hnh trc khi p dng hiu ng.

I.3. NHM TEXTURE

Cc b lc Texture cung cp cho hnh nh dng v ca su hay tnh trng ca vt cht trong thc t, hoc b sung mt dng v hu c. I.3.1. Craquelure To hiu ng trng nh nh c v trn mt b mt trt va sn si, hnh thnh mt mng li r chng cht theo cc cnh nn mu.

I.3.2. Grain B sung dng kt cu vo hnh nh bng cch gi lp cc loi ht khc nhau.

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I.3.3. Mosaic Tiles Lm cho hnh nh trng nh c ghp thnh t nhiu mnh nh hoc ghp lp, ng thi b sung cc k h gia cc mnh.

I.3.4. Patch Work Ph v hnh nh thnh cc mnh vung c t bng mu tri trong khu vc.

I.3.5. Stained Glass Chc nng Stained Glass v li hnh nh ban u bng cc hnh a gic khng u lin kt vi nhau. Mi hnh a gic c mt mu n.

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I.3.6. Texturizer p ln hnh nh mt dng kt cu do ta chn hoc t to.

Kt lun: Vic s dng cc b lc (Filter) phi p dng ng cho tng loi hnh nh, cc hiu ng b lc t hiu qu cao.

I.4. NHM RENDER

Cc b lc Render ny to hnh dng 3D, mu ny, mu khc x, v m phng kt qu phn x nh sng trong hnh nh. Bn cn c th thao tc i tng trong khng gian 3D, to i tng 3D. I.4.1. 3D Transform nh x hnh nh trn cc khi vung, khi cu, v khi tr, v ta c th xoay chng theo ba chiu.

I.4.2. Clouds To ra mu thc bng cch dng cc gi tr ngu nhin bin i gia mu tin cnh v mu nn (to hiu ng my). I.4.3. Difference Clouds S dng cc gi tr ngu nhin bin i gia mu tin cnh v mu nn nhm to nn mu thc my. N ha trn d liu my vi cc im nh y nh ch Difference ha trn cc mu. I.4.4. Lens Flare Gi lp hin tng khc x nh sng, cc sng thng vo camera (cn gi l hin tng ngc sng).

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CC PHM TT TRONG PHOTOSHOP

1. NHM PHM F F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7 F8 F9 -> -> -> -> -> -> -> -> -> m trnh gip ct copy paste m pallete brush m pallete mu m pallete layer m pallete info m pallete action

2. NHM PHM CH C NNG TAB -> tt/m cc pallete SHIFT + TAB -> tt/m cc pallete tr pallete tool CTRL + SPACEBAR -> phng to ALT + SPACEBAR -> thu nh ALT + DELETE -> t mu foreground CTRL + DELETE -> t mu background CTRL + SHIFT + N -> to layer mi hin hp thoi CTRL + SHIFT + ALT + N -> to layer mi khng hin hp thoi CTRL + Click vo layer trong bng layer -> to vng chn xung quanh layer CTRL + ALT + D hoc SHIFT + F6 -> to Feather CTRL + I -> nghch o mu CTRL + L -> m bng Level CTRL + M -> m bng Curver CTRL + B -> m bng Color balance SHIFT + F7 hoc CTRL + SHIFT + I -> nghch o vng chn ALT + I + I -> xem thng s file hin hnh / -> kha layer
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SPACEBAR + r chut -> di chuyn vng nh qua li F (nhn nhiu ln) -> hin th khung lm vic cc ch khc nhau CTRL + J -> sao chp layer CTRL + E -> merge layer hin hnh vi layer ng pha di CTRL + SHIFT + E -> merge tt c cc layer ang c CTRL + ] -> y layer hin hnh ln mt cp CTRL + [ -> y layer hin hnh xung mt cp ALT + ] -> chn layer hin hnh ln lt t di ln trn ALT + [ -> chn layer hin hnh ln lt t trn xung di SHIFT + du cng ( + ) -> chn ch Blend mode ln lt t trn xung di SHIFT + du tr ( - ) -> chn ch Blend mode ln lt t di ln trn ALT + double click vo layer background -> i layer background thnh layer 0 Double click vo vng trng -> m 1 file c sn CTRL + double click vo vng trng -> to 1 fle mi Nhp s bt k -> thay i ch m ***c Opacity D -> tr li mu mc nh en/trng X -> nghch o 2 mu background v foreground CTRL + R -> m thc o CTRL + F -> thc hin hiu ng thm mt ln na CTRL + ALT + F -> thc hin li hiu ng mt ln na nhng hin th hp thoi thay i thng s CTRL + > (du ln hn) -> tng size ch ( chn ton b ni dung text bng cng c text) CTRL + < (du nh hn) -> gim size ch ( chn ton b ni dung text bng cng c text) CTRL + W -> ng file ang m Cc du mi tn -> di chuyn vng chn sang 1 pixel SHIFT + Cc du mi tn -> di chuyn vng chn sang 10 pixel CTRL + Z -> undo duy nht 1 ln CTRL + ALT + Z -> undo nhiu ln CTRL + SHIFT + Z -> redo nhiu ln CTRL + U -> m bng Hue/Saturation CTRL + SHIFT + U -> i thnh mu trng en CTRL + ENTER -> bin 1 ng path thnh vng chn CTRL + T -> thay i kch thc layer nhng ch khc nhau ALT+ S + T -> thay i kch thc vng chn cc ch khc nhau Du ] -> tng size cc cng c t Du [ -> gim size cc cng c t 3. NHM PHM CNG C : Cc bn cc cng c no c hnh tam gic nh nm pha gc phi bn di, nh vy l cn mt s cng c nm bn trong na. chuyn i qua li cc cng c trong cng mt nhm, ta gi SHIFT + nhn phm tt ca cc cng c nhiu ln hoc gi ALT + Click chut vo cng c nhiu ln (nh l khng bung SHIFT hoc ALT). Nhm phm to vng chn: khi trong cc phm to vng chn, cc bn gi SHIFT tng thm vng chn, gi ALT gim bt vng chn, ALT + SHIFT ly vng giao nhau gia 2 vng chn. M -> to vng chn hnh ch nht/hnh trn L -> to vng chn t do W -> to vng chn cng thuc tnh mu Nhng lnh g tt ca Toolbox l mt ch ci. Nu mt cng c no c hn mt la chn, nh l Elliptical v Rectangular Marquee, ta ch vic nhn lnh g tt thm mt ln na i sang cng c kia.
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Thm na, khi ta dng Painting Tool, nhn phm Shift c con tr chnh xc thay v con tr thng thng. N gip ta t v nhng bc hnh i hi tnh chnh xc cao. tt hoc m Tool Box s dng phm Tab Move Tool -> V Khi bn ang s dng bt k cng c no th phm V cng gip bn tr v vi cng c di chuyn ngay lp tc. Khi cc cng c khc thay v Move tool ang c chn, nhn Ctrl tm thi chuyn sang cng c Move Tool Cng c Selection. Marquee tools Nh n-> M - Rectangular Marquee To mt vng chn hnh ch nht. Kt hp vi phm Alt "bt" vng la chn Kt hp vi phm Shift "thm" vng la chn S dng Shift to nhiu vng la chn trn cng mt ti liu mt lc. - Eliptical Marquee To mt vng chn hnh elip. Kt hp vi phm Shift to thm vng chn Kt hp phm Atl bt vng chn. Kt hp phm Ctrl + Shift to mt vng chn trn tuyt i. -Single Row Marquee tool To mt vng chn theo chiu ngang c kch thc bng 1 pixel. -Single Column Marquee tool To mt vng chn theo chiu dc c kch thc bng 1 pixel. Lasso tool -> L. To mt vng chn t do. Lasso Tool cho php bn to cc vng t do hon ton. Polygonal Lasso Tool to cc vng chn theo cc on thng. Magnetic Lasso Tool to vng chn da theo cc chi tit ca hnh. Vng chn s c men theo vin ngoi ca chi tit trong hnh. Magic Wand -> W T o vng chn theo vng mu. Tng t nh cc cng c to vng chn trn khi kt hp vi cc phm Ctrl, Alt, Shift.. - Tolerance Tham s ch mc so snh mu sc. Thng s cng cao, s phn bit mu cng r rng. Crop tool -> C : Phm C cho php bn m cng c Crop, Bn c th thay i kch thc, phn gii... bng cc chn cc thng s theo mun. With v Height cho php bn nhp chnh xc kch thc file hnh m bn mun a v (tnh theo Pixel hoc mm) - Resolution phn gii ca hnh sau khi Crop. Cng c Painting Airbrush -> Y - History Brush tool cho php bn undo hay redo mt cc c chn lc nhiu thao tc thc hin. - Art History Brush M phng cc kiu t khc nhau bng cc nt v ngh thut. Paintbrush -> B Brush Tool t v bng mu Foreground. Pencil v cc nt c mnh. Eraser -> E (Nhn Alt dng Magic Eraser tool) Eraser Tool Ty xo hnh nh hoc chi tit bt k. Background Eraser tool Xo cc pixel nh tr v nn trong sut. Magic Eraser tool Ty xo nn theo vng mu tng ng. Rubber Stamp -> S Clone Stamp Tool Ly mu t mt hnh nh v p cho 1 hnh nh khc Pattern Stamp Tool p ho tit ln file hnh nh vi nhng mu c sn. Healing Brush tool -> J
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Healing Brush tool Cho php chm sa nhng ch cha hon chnh, t ng to khp v cu trc, kt cu, mu sc... Patch Tng t Healing Sharpen/Blur tools -> R Blur Tool Lmm ra hoc cc vng sc nt trong file hnh nh, gim bt chi tit. Sharpen Tool Tng sc nt bng cch tng tng phn gia cc Pixel. Smodge Tool M t hin tng mit tay qua mt vng sn t. Sponge/Burn/Dodge -> O Dodge Tool Tng sng cho hnh nh. Burn Tool Lm ti hnh nh. Sponge Tool Lm cho mu sc ca hnh nh bo ho hn hoc rc r hn. Pen tool -> P to cc ng path, vector Text tool ->T Chn cng c text khi bn mun g mt ni dung. Note tool -> N Cng c Note tool cho php b n t o cc ghi ch, n i dung... Gradient tool -> G Gradient Tool T mu theo di chuyn sc. Paint Bucket Tool T y hnh nh bng mt mu duy nht hoc cc mu ho tit. Eyedropper -> I (Khi s dng cng c v, nhn phm Alt tm thi i sang Eyedropper) Hand -> H (Bn c th nhn phm Spacebar khi cc cng c khc hn l Handtool ang c chn tm thi chuyn sang Hand tool) Setting default colors -> D Chuyn mu nn v mu tin cnh ( Bground, v F Ground ) v mu mc nh en v trng. Edit in Standard Mode -> Q Nhn phm Q m Quickmask. V nhn ln 2 thot. Trn y l mt s phm tt cho cc cng c c bn... nhng phm ny s gip cc bn thao tc nhanh hn khi s dng. S kt hp nhun nhuyn gia chut v bn phm s mang li cho cc bn tc cng nh kh nng lm vic

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