PRESENT PERFECT

Have / Has + Past Participle

SIMPLE PAST
VERB + ed

SIMPLE PAST
USE 1 : Completed Action in the Past

I saw a movie yesterday. USE 2 : A Series of Completed Actions

I finished work, walked to the beach, and found a nice place to swim.

USE 3 : Single Duration

She studied Japanese for five years.

USE 4 : Habit in the Past

I studied French when I was a child.

PRESENT PERFECT
USE 1 : Unspecified Time Before Now

I have seen that movie twenty times. Unspecified Time

1) Experience I have been to France. 2) Accomplishments Doctors have cured many deadly diseases. 3) A change over time You have grown since the last time I saw you. Bill has still not arrived. I have had five tests so far.

4) An uncompleted action

5) Multiple actions at different times

USE 2 : Duration from Past until Now

I have had a cold for two weeks.

I lived in Canada for 2 years. I have lived in Canada for 2 years. I lost my keys yesterday. I have lost my keys.

Shakespeare wrote several novels.

Dan Brown has written several novels.

SIMPLE PAST The time period has finished When giving old information

versus

PRESENT PERFECT The time period has not finished When giving recent news

Time is specific Used with for & since, when the actions have already finished

Time is not specific Used with for & since, when the actions have not finished yet

Put the verbs into the correct tense (simple past or present perfect)
Mary has already written moved was five letters . (already/write)

Tom
I

to this town in 1994.(move)

in Canada two years ago.(be) to Canada so far.(not/be)

My friend

havent been

I have already been to London a couple of times.(already/be) Did he spend his holiday in Italy last summer? (he/spend)

Have you ever seen

a whale? ( ever/see)