Tutorial Topik 6 Bincangkan contoh tindak balas redoks dan seimbangkan persamaan redoks dalam Discuss examples of redox

reaction and balance redox equations in (i) sel bahan api (fuel cell) (v) sel elektrokimia (electrochemical cell) (ii) pembakaran (combustion) (vi) sel elektrolisis (electrolytic cell) (iii) penyesaran (replacement) (vii) respirasi (respiration) (iv) pemendakan (precipitation) (viii) pengaratan besi (rusting of iron) i) Sel bahan api (fuel cell)

The fuel cell produces power through a redox reaction between hydrogen and oxygen. At the anode, hydrogen is oxidized according to the reaction:

producing water and releasing two electrons. The electrons flow through an external circuit and return to the cathode, reducing oxygen in the reaction:

producing hydroxide ions. The net reaction consumes one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms in the production of one water molecule. Electricity and heat are formed as by-products of this reaction Overall : 2H2 (g) + O2 (s) 2H20

The hydrogen fuel cell operates similar to a battery. It has two electrodes, an anode and a cathode, separated by a membrane. Oxygen passes over one electrode and hydrogen over the other. The hydrogen reacts to a catalyst on the electrode anode that converts the hydrogen gas into negatively charged electrons (e-) and positively charged ions (H+). The electrons flow out of the cell to be used as electrical energy. The hydrogen ions move through the electrolyte membrane to the cathode electrode where they combine with oxygen and the electrons to produce water. Unlike batteries, fuel cells never run out. @ H2(g) + 2OH(aq) 2H2O(l) + 2e and (1a) (1b)

O2(g) + H2O + 2e 2OH(aq)

giving the overall result H2(g) + O2(g) H2O