Attenuation due to skin effect Attenuation due to radiation Losses Not capable of propagating with high voltage

is basically a device ("a guide") for transporting electromagnetic energy from one region to another. a hollow conductive tube usually rectangular in cross section but sometimes circular or elliptical. they are capable of directing power precisely to where it is needed, can handle large amounts of power and function as a highpass filter.

Dimensions of the cross section are selected. It does not conduct current. The walls of the waveguide are conductor. Conduction of energy occurs through the dielectric. Electromagnetic energy propagates by reflecting back and forth in a zigzag pattern.