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Network

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.
.
SS7
.

Tone or Pulse
Voice Mailbox
Call-waiting Tone
Multi-party
SMS
:
:

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3400Hz-300

.

.

Voice
Trunk

Call
!Im busy

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Switch
B

User
User Traffic
Traffic

Signaling
Signaling Traffic
Traffic

Switch
A

Switch
B


) (



Call Setup 15 20 3 5


) (IN
) (

User
& User
& Signaling
Signaling Traffic
Traffic

Switch
A

 SS7

70

SS7 1975

SS7 ITU 1980

SS7 1984 )(Red Book

Update SS7 ITU

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SS7
SS7 Protocols (Q.700
(series

Out-of-band



) (ISDN

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Set up and clear down a call

Call forwarding

Provide Caller ID

Security access calls (CUG)

Circuit continuity check

Call holding

Notification to reset a faulty circuit

Charging information

Indication of national, international or

other subscriber

Indication that a called party line is free

Nature of circuit (satellite/terrestrial)

Subscriber busy signal

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Service Switching Point -1
Signaling Transfer Point -2
Service Control Point -3

(SP)

(56Kbps or 64Kbps)

SCP

SCP

SCP
STP
SSP

STP

SCP

STP

SSP

STP
SSP

SSP

SSP

STP
SCP

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ISDN ...

TE

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STP

)(STP

)(LE,TE

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Network Identifier
Cluster Identifier
Cluster Member

Cluster=1

Network=246

Cluster=2

STP

STP
2

STP

STP

SPC

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)User Part (UP

)Message Transfer Part (MTP

OSI

MTP1

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MTP3
MTP2
MTP1

Digital Signal
Destination
DS0
DS1
DS1C
DS2
DS3
DS3

M
T
P

OSI Physical Layer

)E-1(32*64Kbps
)DS-1(24*64Kbps
)V35(64Kbps
)DS-0(64Kbps
)DS-0A(56Kbps

Bandwidth
64 kbps
1.544 mbps
3.152 mbps
6.312 mbps
44.736 mbps
274.176 mbps

Channels
(DS0s)

1 channel
24 channels
48 channels
96 channels
672 channels
4032 channels

Carrier
Designation
None
T-1
T-1c
T-2
T-3
T-4

MTP2

MTP3
M
T
P

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MTP2
MTP1

) (Data Link OSI

) (Signaling Unit

)(SU
8 ) (01111110





.

)(Flow Control
)(Sequence Validation

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FISU
75 LSSU MSU

ACK

FISU

MSU LSSU

MTP

MTP2

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()Flag (F )01111110

)Backward Sequence Number (BSN

.

)Backward Indicator Bit (BIB

.

)Forward Sequence Number (FSN

) 0 (127 .

)Forward Indicator Bit (FIB

.

)Length Indicator (LI

FCS LI

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)Signaling Information Field (SIF

MSU
MTP
)(Routing Label
)Destination point Code (DPC
)Origination point Code (OPC
)Signaling Link Selector (SLS
MTP2 SLS
:

Overload
) (Share

SIO
Service Indicator

Sub-Service Indicator

)Service Indicator Octet (SIO

MSU
:

)Service Indicator (SI

MTP ) (ID
SI MSU
MTP3
MTP .

Sub-Service Indicator
.

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)Status Indicator (SI

LSSU

LSSU
SIO SIB SIOS ...

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 SS7

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FCS
1 FCS
X^16+X^12+X^5+1

FCS
FCS MTP2
1 FCS
FCS
FCS ) (

MTP2 :

Basic method

Preventive Cyclic Retransmision method

MTP3

MTP3

M
T
P

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MTP2
MTP1

) (Network OSI

) MTP2 (

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MTP2

MTP3

Discrimination
Discrimination
Function
Function

MTP3 Users

Distribution
Distribution
Function
Function
SCCP
ISUP

Routing
Routing
Function
Function

etc

) (DPC

SIO MTP3

DPC
SLS

) (Overload

:
.

: MTP

) (

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: STP
STP

: STP STP
STP

: STP STP
STP

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ISUP

:
) (Setup ) (
) (
) (Release ) (
ISUP ISDN Non ISDN

ISUP

)CIC (Circuit Identification Code

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ISUP

)IAM (Initial Address Message

Called number, calling number, transmission requirement, type of
, caller

)ACM (Address Complete Message

The call is through-connected to the destination
A one-way-audio path is opened for ring-back tone
Optional
If not returned, no ring-back tone at all

ANM, Answer Message

Open the transmission path in both directions
Instigate charging for the call

)CPG (Call Progress

Optional; provide information to the calling switch

)REL (Release
)RLC (Release Complete

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SCCP

MTP3

Connectionless
Connection-oriented
(Global Title Translation (GTT

 Connectionless

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 Connection-oriented

) ( Local Reference )SCCP

(SCCP

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SCCP
H

Users
MAP
OMAP

SCCP
SCCP
SCCP Connection-oriented
Control
Control
(SCOC)
(SCOC)

HLR
VLR

SCCP
SCCP Connectionless
Connectionless Control
Control
(SCLC)
(SCLC)

MSC
EIR

:
:

MTP3

SCCP

SCCP
SCCP
Routing
Routing
Control
Control
(SCRC)
(SCRC)

SCRC

MTP SCCP

SCOC

Connection-oriented
(Segmentation)
(Sequencing)
( Flow control)

SCCP
SCCP management
management
(SCMC)
(SCMC)

SCLC
Connectionless

SCLC
: SCCP
SCCP

SCCP

 SCCP

Routing
Label

Message
Type

Mandatory Fixed
Parameters

Pointers

Mandatory Variable
Parameters

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Optional
H
Parameters

) (

00 EO .

 SCCP

)CdPA , CaPA (>2Byte

:

)SPC (2 Bytes
)SSN (1 Byte
)Global Title (> 3 Bytes

)Credit (3Bytes

3,1

) ( Secured

SCCP
UnACK

)End of optional parameters (1 Byte

)Message Type (1Byte

)Protocal class (1Byte

)(3 , 2 , 1 , 0

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 SCCP

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)Release Cause (1Byte

) (SCCP Connection 0FHex

)Refusal Cause (1Byte

)Return cause (1Byte

UDTS UDTS UDT

)SLR/DLR (each 3 Bytes

2 3 ) (Local Reference ) (virtual connection

)Segmenting /Reassembling (1Byte

DT1 256 256 DT1

)Sequencing /Segmenting (2 Bytes

DT2 IT (P(R) P(S SCCP Segmentation
) ( S/R . (P(R) P(S FSN BSN MTP2 .

)Subsystem Number (1 Byte

SCCP

SSN

SSN SCCP
SCCP

SCCP
255 SSN

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 SCCP

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BSC
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MSC
CR
CR
CC
CC

CR SLR
) (

CC SLR
DLR

DT1

RLSD

RLC

DT1
DT1
DT1
DT1
DT1
DT1
DT1
DT1

:
:
DT1
DT1
RLSD
RLSD
RLC
RLC

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A-Interface

HLR

MAP

BSSAP

TCAP

Q931

SCCP

SCCP

MTP

MTP

Abis-Interface

Air-Interface

Q931

Q921

LAPD

LAPDm

VLR
E1/T1

MSC

EIR

AC

SS7

E1/T1

BSC

E1/T1

BTS

Air

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GSM protocol layers for signaling

Um

Abis

MS

BTS

BSC

MSC

CM

CM

MM

MM

RR
LAPDmm

RR
LAPDm

radio

radio

BTSM
LAPD
PCM

RR
BTSM
LAPD
PCM

BSSAP

BSSAP

SS7

SS7

PCM

PCM

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GSM MS

SS
HLR

MM + CM

MSC
VLR

RR
BSC

BTS
Radio interface

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A-Interface
TRAU
LAPD TS1

OAM
Uncompressed Speech TS

Compressed Speech TS

BSC

64 Kbps

64 Kbps

Transcoding

64 Kbps
64 Kbps
64 Kbps

CCS7 TS

X.25 TS2

PCM
LINK

MSC

CCS7 TS

X.25 TS2

PCM
LINK

OMC

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A-Interface
TRAU
LAPD TS1

OAM
Uncompressed Speech TS

Compressed Speech TS

BSC

64 Kbps

64 Kbps

Transcoding

64 Kbps
64 Kbps
64 Kbps

CCS7 TS

X.25 TS2

PCM
LINK

MSC

CCS7 TS

X.25 TS2

PCM
LINK

OMC

Data (BSSAP)

Length (8 Bits)

DLCI
0

B
SAPI

Byte-1

Byte-2

0 --------->RR, MM, CC
3 --------->SMS, SS

SCCP

Header

DTAP (2 Bytes)

BSSMAP

BSSMAP (1 Byte)

RR

SCCP

BSSAP

DTAP

BSC

MS

CC/MM

MSC

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BSSMAP

Data (BSSAP)

Parameter N

Parameter N-1

...

Optional Parameters

Parameter A

Parameter A

Parameter A

Mandatory Parameters

Data

Length

IEI

Message Type

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DTAP

Data (BSSAP)

Parameter N

Parameter N-1

...

Parameter A

Optional Parameters

Data

Length
Data

IEI
IEI

Parameter A

Message Type

Mandatory Parameters

Optional Variable Length

Optional Fixed Length

Parameter A

Data
Data

Mandatory Fixed Length

Length

Mandatory Variable Length

TCAP

MSC VLR

EIR

TCAP
SCCP

Connectionless
SCCP )(Applications

TCAP )(Queries
) (Responses SSP
SCP

MAP MSC
TCAP

Authentication,
HLR

IMEI
Checking,

Roaming

MTP

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HLR

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