Tieu Luan - DTM Shiseido - Dang T. B. Hong

Bo Co nh Gi Tc ng Mi Trng
D n Thnh Lp Cng Ty TNHH SHISEIDO VIT NAM, CNG SUT 2.900 TN SN PHM/NM
AI HOC QUOC GIA THANH PHO HO CH MINH VIEN TAI NGUYEN VA MOI TRNG
TIEU LUAN MON HOC ANH GIA TAC ONG MOI TRNG
BAO CAO ANH GIA TAC ONG MOI TRNG

D AN THANH LAP CONG TY TNHH SHISEIDO VIET NAM CONG SUAT 2900 TAN SAN PHAM /NAM
KCN AMATA TP. BIEN HOA TNH ONG NAI
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MC CH CA BO CO Hin nay, do s pht trin ca Khoa hc k thut, cht lng i sng ca con ngi ngy mt gia tng. Con ngi ngy cng hng n ci p v c nhu cu lm p. c bit l nhu cu s dng cc m phm cao cp, cht lng tt nhm lm tn ln nt p t nhin, sang trng. Xut pht t nhu cu thit yu ca th trng, Cng ty TNHH SHISEIDO quyt nh thnh lp Cng ty TNHH SHISEIDO VIT NAM, cng sut 2900 tn sn phm/nm ti Khu cng nghip AMATA, phng Long Bnh, thnh ph Bin Ha, tnh ng Nai. Giy php u t ca d n s 472043000448 ngy 24 thng 04 nm 2008 c cp bi Ban qun l cc Khu cng ngip ng Nai. D n c u t xy dng mi. D n thnh lp cng ty TNHH SHISEIDO VIT NAM, CNG SUT 2.900 TN SN PHM/ NM nn theo Ngh nh s 80/2006/N-CP ban hnh ngy 09/08/2006 ca Chnh ph th D n nm trong danh mc cc D n cn lp Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng (TM). Cu trc v ni dung Bo co TM ny c xy dng theo Ngh nh s 80/2006/N-CP ngy 09/08/2006, Ngh nh s 21/2008/N-CP ngy 28/2/2008 ca Chnh ph v Thng t s 08/2006/TT-BTNMT ngy 08/09/2006 ca B Ti nguyn v Mi trng v vic hng dn thc hin mt s ni dung v nh gi mi trng chin lc, nh gi tc ng mi trng v cam kt bo v mi trng trnh S Ti nguyn v Mi trng ng Nai thm nh v ph duyt. CN C PHP LUT V K THUT CA VIC THC HIN NH GI TC NG MI TRNG. Cn c php lut: nh gi tc ng mi trng c thc hin tun theo cc Lut, Quy nh ca Quc hi, Chnh ph v B Ti nguyn v Mi trng v cc Quyt nh sau y:
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Lut Bo v Mi trng Vit Nam s 52/2005/QH11 c Quc Hi Nc CHXHCN Vit Nam thng qua ngy 29/11/2005; Lut Ti nguyn nc c Quc hi nc Cng ha x hi ch ngha Vit Nam kha X, k hp th 3 thng qua ngy 20/05/1998;
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Ngh nh s 80/2006/N-CP ngy 09 thng 08 nm 2006 ca Chnh Ph Nc Cng Ha X Hi Ch Ngha Vit Nam v vic quy nh chi tit v hng dn thi hnh lut bo v mi trng; Ngh nh s 81/2006/N-CP ca Chnh ph v vic quy nh x pht vi phm hnh chnh trong lnh vc bo v mi trng; Thng t s 08/2006/TTLT-BTNMT ngy 08/09/2006 ca B trng B Ti nguyn v Mi trng v Hng dn v nh gi mi trng chin lc, nh gi tc ng mi trng v cam kt bo v mi trng;
Ngh nh 21/2008/N-CP ngy 28/02/2008 ca Chnh ph v sa i b sung mt s iu ca Ngh nh s 80/2006/N-CP ngy 09/08/2006 ca chnh ph v vic quy nh chi tit v hng dn thi hnh mt s iu ca lut bo v mi trng; Ngh nh 59/2007/N-CP ngy 9/4/2007 ca Chnh ph i vi cht thi rn; Ngh nh s 67/N-CP ngy 13/06/2003 ca Chnh ph v vic thu ph bo v mi trng i vi nc thi; Ngh nh s 149/2004/N-CP ngy 27/07/2004 ca Chnh Ph v vic Qui nh vic cp php thm d, khai thc, s dng ti nguyn nc, x nc thi vo ngun nc. Ngh nh s 04/2007/N-CP ngy 08/01/2007 ca Chnh Ph v vic Sa i, b sung mt s iu ca Ngh nh s 67/2003/N-CP ngy 13/06/2003 ca Chnh Ph v Ph bo v mi trng i vi nc thi. Thng t s 02/2005/TT-BTNMT ngy 24/06/2005 ca B Ti nguyn v Mi trng v vic Hng dn thc hin Ngh nh s 149/2004/N-CP ngy 27/07/2004 ca Chnh ph quy nh vic cp php thm d, khai thc, s dng ti nguyn nc, x nc thi vo ngun nc. Thng t s 12/2006/TT-BTNMT ngy 26/12/2006 ca B Ti nguyn v Mi trng v vic Hng dn iu kin hnh ngh v th tc lp h s, ng k, cp php hnh ngh, m s qun l cht thi nguy hi. Thng t s 07/2007/TT-BTNMT ngy 03/07/2007 ca B Ti nguyn v Mi trng v vic Hng dn phn loi v quyt nh danh mc c s gy nhim mi trng cn x l. Quyt nh s 3733/2002/Q-BYT ngy 10/10/2002 ca B trng B Y t v vic Ban hnh 21 tiu chun v sinh lao ng, 05 nguyn tc v 07 thng s v sinh lao ng. Quyt nh s 22/2006/Q-BTNMT ngy 18/12/2006 ca B trng B Ti nguyn v Mi trng v vic Bt buc p dng tiu chun Vit Nam v mi trng. Quyt nh s 23/2006/Q-BTNMT ngy 26/12/2006 ca B trng B Ti nguyn v Mi trng v vic Ban hnh danh mc cht thi nguy hi. Quyt nh s: 65/2007/Q-UBND ngy 11/12/2007 ca UBND tnh v vic phn vng mi trng tip nhn nc thi v kh thi cng nghip trn a bn tnh ng Nai.
Cn c k thut Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng c thc hin da trn cc ngun ti liu v s liu sau y:
Lun chng kinh t k thut d n Thnh lp cng ty TNHH SHISEIDO VIT NAM. Cc iu kin v a l t nhin, tnh hnh kinh t x hi ca khu vc phng Long Bnh, thnh ph Bin Ha, tnh ng Nai. Cc s liu kt qu kho st mi trng ti khu vc d n (nc, khng kh, t) do Trung tm cng ngh v mi trng ETC Tp. H Ch Minh o c. Cc s liu v kh tng thy vn ca i kh tng thy vn khu vc Nam B. Cc bn v, biu m t d n; Cc ti liu, bo co khoa hc v lnh vc x l nc thi, kh thi, cht thi rn trong v ngoi nc. Cc Hng dn lp bo co TM ca Cc Bo v Mi trng, nhng bo co TM thc hin trong thi gian gn nht nhm s dng lm ti liu tham kho, ng thi da trn ngun s liu nn t cc c quan qun l Nh nc ti khu vc thc hin d n.
T CHC THC HIN TM Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng ca D n Thnh lp cng ty TNHH SHISEIDO VIT NAM, cng sut 2.900 tn sn phm/ nm ti phng Long Bnh, thnh ph Bin Ha, tnh ng Nai do Cng ty TNHH SHISEIDO VIT NAM ch tr thc hin, vi s t vn mi trng ca Cng ty TNHH Cng Ngh Sch. Quy trnh lm vic thc hin TM theo trnh t nh sau: 1. Thu thp cc ti liu, vn bn cn thit: iu kin t nhin, mi trng, kinh t x hi KCN Amata cng nh phng Long Bnh, Lun chng kinh t k thut ca Cng ty v nhiu vn bn ti liu khc c lin quan n D n cng nh a im xy dng D n, cc vn bn php lut lin quan n thc hin TM; 2. Thc hin iu tra kho st hin trng cc thnh phn mi trng theo cc phng php chun bao gm: kho st iu kin kinh t x hi, kho st cht lng nc ngm, nc mt, kho st cht lng mi trng khng kh v cht lng mi trng t trong phm vi ca D n; 3. Trn c s thc hin cc bc trn, tin hnh nh gi cc hot ng ca D n i vi cc yu t mi trng, kinh t v x hi; 4. xut cc gii php tng hp trn c s khoa hc v thc t hn ch cc mt tiu cc, bo v mi trng; 5. Bin son bo co TM v bo v trc hi ng xt duyt bo co TM ca S Ti nguyn v Mi trng tnh ng Nai theo qui nh ca Ngh nh 80/2006/N-CP ngy 09/08/2006 v thng t s 08/2006/TT BTNMT ngy 08/09/2006 ca B Ti nguyn v Mi trng.
CHNG 1 M T TM TT D N
TN D N D N THNH LP CNG TY TNHH SHISEIDO VIT NAM, CNG SUT 2.900 TN SN PHM / NM a im: Khu cng nghip AMATA, phng Long Bnh, thnh ph Bin Ha, tnh ng Nai
CH D N Ch u t a. Tn cng ty: Shiseido Company, Limited a ch lin h: Khu cng nghip AMATA, phng Long Bnh, thnh ph Bin Ha, tnh ng Nai. b. Ngi i din c thm quyn: + H v tn: ng Yasunori Morita + Nm sinh: 1957 + Quc tch: Nht Bn + S h chiu: TH5581901; Cp ngy: 19/03/2008; Ni cp: Ministry of Foreign Affairs. + Chc v: Tng Gim c + a ch thng tr: 4- 26- 1 Ishikawa, Fujisawa-shi, Kanagawa, Japan c. Lnh vc sn xut kinh doanh chnh: Sn xut m phm V TR A L CA D N Cng ty TNHH SHISEIDO VIT NAM c t ti Khu cng nghip AMATA, phng Long Bnh, thnh ph Bin Ha, tnh ng Nai. Trong quy hoch tng th tnh ng Nai c 24 khu cng nghip vi tng din tch l 6.496 ha, din tch dng cho thu l 4,412.03 ha, cho thu c 3,064 ha, t t l 69.45% din tch t dnh cho thu. Mt s KCN cho thu ht t nh: KCN Bin Ha II, Loteco, KCN Nhn Trch III (giai on 1), KCN Bin Ha I, KCN Tam Phc, KCN nh Qun. Tng s vn u t h tng ly k l 247,9 triu USD. Cc KCN ny c Chnh ph ph duyt quy hoch, trin khai u t, xy dng hon thin h tng k thut c bn (san lp mt bng, lm ng giao thng, in lc, cp thot nc, hng mc h tr), ng thi v ang tin hnh th tc cho thu t, giao t i vi cc d n c cp giy php u t. So vi cc KCN ca cc a phng khc, cc KCN ng Nai c nhiu li th hn trong vic thu ht cc nh u t nh: nm vng nhn ca VKTTPN, ti y s c nhiu d n ln ca Nh nc v c s h tng k thut: giao thng, cp in, cp nc nh ng cao tc quc l 51, h thng cng Th Vi, nh my nhit in Ph M, h thng cp nc Nhng d n ny ang c trin khai v l nhng cng trnh trng im ca Nh nc. Cc KCN trn a bn tnh c xy dng lin hon, h tr ln nhau, nng cao li th so snh, thu ht ngy cng nhiu D n u t trong v ngoi nc, to nn ng lc trung tm pht trin kinh t trng im pha Nam. Cng ty TNHH SHISEIDO VIT NAM, cng sut 2.900 tn sn phm/ nm nm trong KCN AMATA, tnh ng Nai nn s c nhng thun li chung nh trnh by trn.
Cng ty TNHH SHISEIDO VIT NAM nm l 231-233-235-237 ca khu cng nghip AMATA vi din tch 100.000m2. Ranh gii ca l t gip vi khu vc xung quanh nh sau:
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Pha Bc gip ng st quc gia; Pha ng gip ng s 10; Pha Nam gip ng s 12; Pha Ty gip ng AMATA.
Tng din tch t l 100.000 m2 c san nn theo cao ca KCN AMATA. NI DUNG CH YU CA D N Din tch mt bng Tng din tch mt bng ca D n l: 100.000 m2, bao gm cc hng mc chnh sau y: - Khu nh xng sn xut: 10.300 m2 - Khu vn phng 2.300 m2 - Kho hng: 8.800 m2 - Cy xanh: 78.600 m2 (chim 78.6 %) Mt bng nh xng c b tr thng ng theo s sp xp ti u v quy trnh sn xut t u vo ca nguyn liu cho n u ra ca sn phm, ng thi c tnh ton n s hi ha gia cc b phn cng tc ph tr khc trong nh my. Cc cng trnh ca ca cng ty TNHH SHISEIDO VIT NAM, cng sut 2.900 tn sn phm/ nm gm c 03 khi chnh l nh xng, nh kho v khi vn phng c kt cu chu lc v ko thp, ct b tng, mng nng BTCT t trn nn t t nhin. Nn xng v kho bng b tng. Mng, ct, nn nh kho v xng bng b tng ti ch. Ko thp c gia cng ni khc v chuyn ch n cng trng v c lp dng bng cn cu. Cc hng mc ph cn li nh: Nh bo v, nh n, nh vn phng c kt cu mng ct bng b tng, ko thp n gin, c th thi cng v lp dng ti cng trng. Cc hng mc xy dng ca cng ty TNHH SHISEIDO VIT NAM, cng sut 2.900 tn sn phm/ nm c thng k bng sau: Bng 1. 1. Bng thng k cc hng mc xy dng c bn ca D n STT 1 2 3 4 Hng mc cng trnh Nh xng sn xut Nh vn phng Kho hng Din tch cy xanh Din tch (m2) 10.300 2.300 8.800 78.600 Mt (%) 10,3 2,3 8,8 78,6
Ngun: LCKTKT cng ty TNHH SHISEIDO VIT NAM, 2008 1.4.2. Vn u t a. Tng vn u t d kin 49.030.000 USD, trong : - Vn c nh 38.120.000 USD, bao gm: + Nh xng : 19.100 m2, tr gi 12.770.000 USD; + Vn phng: 2.300 m2, tr gi 2.610.000 USD; + My mc, thit b : 18.180.000 USD; + Vn c nh khc: 4.560.000 USD. - Vn lu ng: 10.910.000 USD b. Ngun vn: Tng s 49.030.000 USD, trong : - Vn iu l: 38.120.000 USD - Vn vay: 10.910.000 USD
1.4.3. Quy trnh cng ngh Nguyn liu th Khi thi Chun b ha Chun b ha cht cht Cht thi rn: Nc * Thng, hp * Giy lt sng (bo v thy tinh), ti giy * Ti nha,bnh nha...
Nhin liu (LPG) Nc
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Sn xut hng Sn xut hng lot lot Nc thi
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Chai l v vt liu ng gi
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Hnh 1. 1. Quy trnh sn xut hng lot
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<LOI CHAI> CHUN B CHAI Hnh LM Y Hnh LP NT Hnh NG NT Hnh
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Hnh 1. 2. Quy trnh lm y Thuyt minh quy trnh sn xut Bao gm 2 cng on: cng on sn xut hng lot v cng on lm y. Quy trnh sn xut hng lot: Tng nhm ha cht c ha tan v trn vi nhau theo yu cu ca tng loi sn phm. Dung dch sau ha tan c trung ha v vt bt, lc cn v lu tr cc thng cha ch chuyn ln cng on lm y. Quy trnh lm y: C 3 loi sn phm chnh: loi chai, hp v tup. Chun b chai, hp, tup a vo h thng lm y t ng. Dung dch ha cht sau pha trn s c rt t ng vo chai, hp v tup. Sau chuyn qua b phn ng nt v lp nt. Sn phm hon chnh c vo hp, ng gi sau ng kin v chuyn vo kho hng. 1.4.4. Sn lng Tng sn lng cc loi m phm sn xut trong 1 nm l 2900 tn.
Hnh 8. Chun b hp
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II. Thit b ph tr III. Thit b vn chuyn IV. Thit b vn phng Nhu cu nguyn u vo
0 H thng thng tin 1
Vt liu Chai nha Chai thy tinh Np Np trong Np xoay Hp bao ngoi tup Nc tinh khit Du Alcohol
Bng 1. 3. Nhu cu nguyn nhin liu u vo Ngun nguyn liu Sn lng (Ci) Nhp khu hoc Vietnam 10,917,000 5,946,000 14,226,000 5,494,000 2,834,000 4,044,000 2,767,000 1,547ton 708ton 335ton 116ton 44 ton 30ton 21ton 16ton 13ton 8ton
Nhp khu hoc Vietnam Nhp khu hoc Vietnam Nhp khu hoc Vietnam Nhp khu hoc Vietnam Nhp khu hoc Vietnam Nhp khu hoc Vietnam Vietnam Nhp khu hoc Vietnam Nhp khu hoc Vietnam Nhp khu hoc Nhp khu hoc Nhp khu hoc Nhp khu hoc Nhp khu hoc Nhp khu hoc Vietnam Vietnam Vietnam Vietnam Vietnam Vietnam
Humectants Thickening Agents Cht hot ng b mt Acid bo Silicones Cht xc tc Cht trung ha
Nhp khu hoc Vietnam
Cht bo qun Cht m Hng liu
6ton 4ton 4ton
Nhp khu hoc Vietnam Nhp khu hoc Vietnam Nhp khu hoc Vietnam
Danh mc cc sn phm ch yu v d kin th trng tiu th: a. S lng sn phm: Sn phm nm th nht: 250 tn sn phm/ nm Sn phm nm th hai: 2.850 tn sn phm/ nm Sn phm nm n nh: 2.900 tn sn phm/ nm. Bng 1. 4. S lng sn phm nm n nh Nm sn xut n nh S lng Khi lng T l tiu th (%) STT Tn sn phm (tn) n v S lng Ni a Xut khu 1 Nc dng da hp 4.147.000 1.043 6,2 93,8 2 Sa dng da hp 2.214.000 440 6,2 93,8 3 Kem dng da hp 2.087.000 255 6,2 93,8 4 Sn phm lm hp 93,8 3.564.000 500 6,2 sch da 5 Thuc nhum hp 93,8 360.000 72 6,2 tc 6 Sn phm chm hp 3.044.000 590 0 100 sc tc Tng cng hp 15.416.000 2.900 5 95
b. Th trng tiu th sn phm: + Nht Bn: 90% + Ni a: 5% + ng Nam v cc nc chu khc: 5% 1.4.5. Nhu cu v nng lng Nhu cu v in vo nm 2010 khi t cng sut thit k l 1.149.120 kWh/nm vi cng sut s dng ti a l 1.520.000 kWh. Trm bin th c cp t ngun li in trung th 22KV - in li quc gia chy ngang qua trc khu t ca D n. 1.4.6. Nhu cu dng nc Nc l mt trong cc thnh phn khng th thiu ca qu trnh sn xut. Theo tnh ton, lng nc cn thit cp cho ton cng ty l:
- Lng nc dng cho v sinh v ba n ca cng nhn lm vic ti Nh my l: 180 ngi x 100 l/ngi = 180 m3/ngy - Lng nc dng cho sn xut: khong 160m3/ngy. - Lng nc dng cho cc cng vic khc: 20 m3/ngy (ti cy, ra ng, v sinh nh xng) Tng lng nc s dng khong 200 m3/ngy. 2/ Ngun nc H thng cp nc ca cng ty gm hai phn, phn cp nc cho khu vc cng ngh v phn cp cho khu vc sinh hot. Ton b lng nc cp cho nhu cu s dng ca cng ty l nc cp t khu cng nghip AMATA vi cht lng nc do Cng ty Cp nc ng Nai kim sot. Nc vi p lc khng thp 1.2 kgf/ cm2 c cung cp n phn ranh gii bn ngoi ca cng ty. Nhu cu lao ng, cn b cng nhn vin Bng 1. 5. Nhu cu lao ng trong cng ty Loi lao ng Ngi Vit Ngi nc ngoi Nam Cn b qun l 6 5 Nhn vin k thut v 38 gim st 116 Cng nhn lnh ngh 15 Nhn vin vn phng Tng cng: Tin thc hin d n - Hon thnh th tc ng k thnh lp doanh nghip: thng 04/2008 - Thu a im: thng 06/2008 - Khi cng xy dng: thng 11/2008 - Lp t thit b: thng 09/2009 - Bt u hot ng: thng 12/2009 - t cng sut thit k: nm 2010 175 5
STT 1 2 3 4
Cng 11 38 116 15 180
CHNG 2: IU KIN T NHIN, MI TRNG V KINH T - X HI
IU KIN T NHIN V MI TRNG iu kin v kh tng - thy vn D n nm trong khu cng nghip AMATA phng Long Bnh, thnh ph Bin Ha, cc s liu kh tng thy vn c ly t trm Bin Ha. 2.1.1.1 Nhit khng kh Nhit trung bnh ngy Nhit trung bnh thng thp nht Nhit cc i tuyt i Nhit cc tiu tuyt i Bin nhit trong ma ma Bin nhit trong ma kh : 26,9oC : 24,0oC : 37,5oC : 17,0oC : 5,5-8,0oC : 5,0-12,0oC
Nhit trung bnh thng cao nht : 29,4oC
2.1.1.2 Lng ma Bng 2. 1. Tng hp lng ma trung bnh nhiu nm ti khc d n Thi gian Lng ma (mm) S ngy ma Thng 1 16 2 Thng 2 10 2 Thng 3 38 3 Thng 4 114 8 Thng 5 228 15 Thng 6 332 16 Thng 7 283 17 Thng 8 380 19 Thng 9 365 18 Thng 10 293 16 Thng 11 132 8 Thng 12 44 4 C nm 2.235 128 Ngun: Trm o ma Bin Ha, 2006 2.1.1.3 m khng kh m khng kh trung bnh nm Ma ma c m tng i cao Ma kh c m tng i thp m ti cao : 78,5% : 89,4% : 61,0% : 94% : 50%
m ti thp 2.1.1.4 Ch nng
Tng gi nng trong nm t 2.350 - 2.600 gi, trung bnh 220 gi nng/thng. Cc thng ma kh c tng gi nng kh cao, chim trn 60% gi nng/nm. Thng 3 c s gi nng cao nht, khong 300 gi. Thng 8 c s gi nng thp nht, khong 140 gi. 2.1.1.5 Ch gi Mi nm c 2 ma gi i theo 2 ma ma v kh. Ma kh trng vi gi ma ng vn l lung gi tn phong n nh, hng gi thnh hnh ng Bc. Ma ma trng vi gi ma ma H mang li nhng khi khng kh nhit i v xch o nng m vi nhng nhiu ng kh quyn thng xuyn, hng gi thnh hnh Ty Nam. Chuyn tip gia 2 ma cn c gi ng v ng Nam. Tc gi trung bnh t 10 15 m/s, ln nht l 25 30 m/s (90 110 km/h). Khu vc ny t chu nh hng ca gi bo, tuy nhin dng git v l qut l hai hin tng thng xy ra. 2.1.1.6 bn vng kh quyn bn vng kh quyn c th xc nh da vo tc gi v bc x mt tri vo ban ngy v che ph my vo ban m theo bng phn loi kh quyn ca Pasquill (nm 1961). Ti khu vc, bn vng kh quyn s l A, B vo nhng ngy nng, tc gi nh v bn vng s l C, D vo nhng ngy nhiu my. bn vng kh quyn s l E, F vo ban m. bn vng kh quyn A, B, C s hn ch pht tn cc cht nhim ln cao v i xa. iu kin kh quyn bt li nht (loi A B) s c p dng tnh ton pht tn nhim v thit k h thng khng ch nhim khng kh. 2.1.2. c im thy vn Ch thu vn ca sng ng Nai nh hng trc tip n h thng sng rch trong khu vc. Cc c trng thu vn ch yu nh sau: - Mc nc cao nht l +2,19m (nm 2000). - Mc nc thp nht l -2,06m (nm 1983). - Mc nc trung bnh cao nht l +1,59m. - Mc nc trung bnh thp nht l -1,79m. - Mc chnh lch triu trong nm ln nht l +3,81m (nm 2000). - Mc chnh lch triu trung bnh l 3,38m. - Lu lng: Qmax = 2.700m3/s (9 1989); Qmin = 158m3/s (1989). Ch thu vn ca sng ng Nai ph thuc vo ch bn nht triu khng u ca bin ng, ngha l bin i ln theo khng gian v thi gian ma nhiu th dng chy mnh, ma t dng chy yu, thu triu mnh (triu cng) th dng
chy mnh hn, xm nhp su vo t lin, c bin ln, khi triu km th ngc li. Trong nm thi tit c hai ma chnh: ma ma v ma kh nn ch dng chy sng ng Nai cng hnh thnh hai ch dng chy tng ng: ch dng chy ma l, ch dng chy ma kit. S bin i dng chy hai ma rt tng phn nhau. Hin trng cc thnh phn mi trng t nhin 2.1.3.1 Hin trng mi trng khng kh Hin trng mi trng khng kh ti khu vc thc hin d n c trung tm cng ngh v mi trng ETC ti Thnh ph H Ch Minh tin hnh o c vo ngy 24/06/2008 TT 1 2 3 4 5 V tr cc im o c v ly mu khng kh: Mu K1 K2 K3 K4 K5 Bng 2. 2. V tr cc im o c/ly mu khng kh M t v tr Trong khu vc d n, Pha ng Bc d n, hng gip ng xe la Quc gia. Trong khu vc d n, pha ng d n, hng gip l t s 227 Trong khu vc d n, pha Nam d n, hng gip ng s 12 Trong khu vc d n, pha Ty Nam d n, hng gip ng s 12 Trong khu vc d n, gia khu vc d n
iu kin ly mu: nhit khng kh 28-320C, m 78%, vn tc gi 1,5 -2,6m/s Bng 2. 3. Hin trng cht lng khng kh ti khu vc d n Ch tiu n Bi l NO2 SO2 lng Mu (TSP) dBA g/m3 g/m3 g/m3 K1 56 59 150 27 32 K2 45 47 110 22 22 K3 48 52 160 25 30 K4 41 45 170 19 25 K5 41 44 110 16 26 Tiu chun cht lng 70 300 200 350 khng kh xung quanh (TCVN (TCVN 5937:2005) 5949:1998) CO g/m3 950 700 850 650 750 30000
Ngun: Trung tm cng ngh v mi trng ETC, 2008. Nhn xt: kt qu o c v phn tch hin trng cht lng khng kh xung quanh ti khu vc d n cho thy: n dao ng trong khong 41 59 dBA; trung bnh 44 4,5 dBA; trung v 45-47 dBA. n hin ti t tiu chun TCVN 5949-1998.
Bi dao ng trong khong 110 170 g/m3; trung bnh 140 g/m3; trung v 150 mg/m3. Bi hin ti t tiu chun TCVN 5937-2005 CO dao ng trong khong 650 950 g/m3; trung bnh 780 g/m3; trung v 750 g/m3. CO hin ti t tiu chun. NO2 dao ng trong khong 16 27 g/m3; trung bnh 21,8 g/m3; trung v 22 g/m3. NO2 hin ti t tiu chun TCVN 5937-2005. SO2 dao ng trong khong 22 32 g/m3; trung bnh 27 g/m3; trung v 26 mg/m3. SO2 hin ti t tiu chun TCVN 5937-2005. Tm li: cht lng khng kh xung quanh ti khu vc d n t tiu chun TCVN 5949-1998 v TCVN 5937-2005. 2.1.3.2 Nc ngm Kt qu o c v kho st cht lng nc ngm ti khu vc d n c trung tm cng ngh v mi trng ETC ti Thnh ph H Ch Minh tin hnh o c vo vo ngy 24/06/2008 TT 1 2 V tr cc im o c v ly mu nc ngm: Bng 2. 4. V tr cc im ly mu nc ngm v iu kin ly mu Mu M t v tr v iu kin ly mu N1 N2 Ngoi khu vc d n, h dn Nguyn Vn Lp iu kin ly mu: nhit mu nc = 20,2oC, su: 45 m Ngoi khu vc d n, h dn Trn Th Hng iu kin ly mu: nhit mu nc = 20,1oC, su: 50 m Bng 2. 5. Hin trng nc ngm ti khu vc d n
TT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Ch tiu pH cng N-NH4 N-NO2N-NO3SO42Fe tng As Coliform n v mgCaCO3/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l MPN/100ml N1 5,8 22 0,12 0,16 0,52 10,52 0,67 0,001 3 N2 6,67 26 0,07 0,15 2,52 9,6 1,12 KPH <3 TCVN 5944:1995 6,5 8,5 500 45 400 5 0,05 3 TCVN 5502:2003 3 1,0 -
Ngun: Trung tm cng ngh v mi trng ETC, 2008 Nhn xt: kt qu o c v phn tch hin trng cht lng nc ngm ti khu vc d n cho thy tt c cc ch tiu u t tiu TCVN 5944 -1995 v TCVN 5502 2003. 2.1.3.3 Nc mt
Hin trng mi trng nc mt ti khu vc thc hin d n c trung tm cng ngh v mi trng ETC ti Thnh ph H Ch Minh tin hnh o c vo ngy 24/06/2008 V tr cc im ly mu nc mt: 3 v tr sui cha v 3 v tr sng ng Nai, quanh im x thi ca Khu cng nghip AMATA. Bng 2. 6. Hin trng cht lng nc mt khu vc d n Mu Thng s M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 M6 pH DO (mg/l) BOD (mg/l) COD (mg/l) SS (mg/l) NO3- (mg/l) Tng N (mg/l) PO43-(mg/l) Pb (mg/l) Cd (mg/l) As (mg/l) Cr (mg/l) Cu (mg/l) Zn (mg/l) Coliform (MPN/100ml) Du m 6,5 6,1 3 9 18 1,8 2,0 KPH 0,010 0,004 KHP 0,002 0,02 0,004 1600 KPH 6,3 6,2 10 17 18,2 1,92 2,3 KPH 0,010 0,003 KHP 0,001 0,03 0,005 1500 KPH 6,7 6,4 9 18 16 1,81 1,5 KPH 0,011 0,002 KHP 0,001 0,035 0,004 1110 6,6 6,3 15 20 18,5 0,98 1,2 KPH 0,009 0,005 KHP 0,002 0,010 0,003 1700 6,9 6,0 8 22 17 1,82 1,6 KPH 0,008 0,003 KHP 0,001 0,012 0,003 1200 6,8 5,7 12 15 20 0,88 1,0 KPH 0,007 0,003 KHP 0,002 0,010 0,002 2200 TCVN 59421995-A 6,5 8,5 >6 <4 <10 20 10 0,05 0,01 0,05 1,05 0,1 1 5.000 0
TT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
KPH 0,002 0,025 0,033
Ngun: Trung tm cng ngh v mi trng ETC, 2008 Nhn xt: kt qu o c v phn tch hin trng cht lng nc mt ti khu vc d n cho thy: pH dao ng trong khong 6,3 6,9; trung bnh: 6,5 0,2; trung v: 6,6. pH t TCVN 5942-1995-A. DO dao ng trong khong 5,7 6,4 mg/l; trung bnh: 6,1 0,4 mg/l; trung v: 6,1 mg/l. DO mt s mu khng t TCVN 5942-1995-A BOD dao ng trong khong 3 15 mg/l; trung bnh: 9,5 mg/l; trung v: 9mg/l. BOD c mt s mu khng t TCVN 5942-1995-A. COD dao ng trong khong 9 - 22 mg/l; trung bnh: 17 mg/l; trung v: 18 mg/l. COD khng t TCVN 5942-1995-A. SS dao ng trong khong 16 - 20 mg/l; trung bnh: 18 mg/l; trung v: 18 mg/l. SS t TCVN 5942-1995-A
NO3- dao ng trong khong 0,88 - 1,92 mg/l; trung bnh: 1,48 0,4 mg/l; trung v: 1,81 mg/l. NO3- t TCVN 5942-1995-A. Tng N dao ng trong khong 1,0 2,3 mg/l; trung bnh: 1,44 0,46 mg/l; trung v: 1,5 mg/l. PO43- khng pht hin. Pb dao ng trong khong 0,007- 0,011 mg/l; trung bnh: 0,009 0,002 mg/l; trung v: 0,009 mg/l. Pb t TCVN 5942-1995-A. Cd dao ng trong khong 0,002 - 0,005 mg/l; trung bnh: 0,003 0,001 mg/l; trung v: 0,003 mg/l. Cd t TCVN 5942-1995-A. Khng pht hin thy As trong tt c cc mu phn tch. Cr dao ng trong khong 0,001 - 0,002 mg/l; trung bnh: 0,0014 0,0005 mg/l; trung v: 0,0010 mg/l. Cr t TCVN 5942-1995-A. Cu dao ng trong khong 0,01 - 0,035 mg/l; trung bnh: 0,027mg/l; trung v: 0,012 mg/l. Cu t TCVN 5942-1995-A. Zn dao ng trong khong 0,002 - 0,005 mg/l; trung bnh: 0,0034 0,001 mg/l; trung v: 0,003 mg/l. Zn t TCVN 5942-1995-A. Coliform dao ng trong khong 100 150 MPN/100ml; trung bnh: 116 MPN/100ml; trung v: 110 MPN/100ml. Coliform t TCVN 5942-1995-A. Du m dao ng trong khongKPH 0,042 mg/l; trung bnh: 0,022 0,020 mg/l; trung v: 0,033 mg/l. Tm li: Mt s mu c cc thng s nh BOD, COD khng t TCVN 5942-1995A; cc a s mu cn li t TCVN 5942-1995-A; gia cc im quan trc khng c s chnh lch nhiu. IU KIN KINH T X HI Theo bo co Tnh hnh, kt qu thc hin cc nhim v pht trin KTVHXH-QPAN nm 2007 v phng hng nhim v nm 2008 ca y ban nhn dn phng Long Bnh, iu kin kinh t - x hi ca phng nh sau: 2.2.1. Dn s Tuyn truyn vn ng thc hin sinh c k hoch v thc hin cc bin php trch thai: 5578 cp v chng t 80,15%. T l tng dn s t nhin 1.12%. Cng tc truyn thng dn s c duy tr, t chc 05 bui t vn cng ng v chm sc sc khe sinh sn, t vn dinh dng cho tr em. Chm sc tr em: tr em t 0-6 tui c khm bnh, cha bnh min ph ti cc bnh vin cng lp. T chc pht 5580 th cho tr em a phng v cc n v, x nghip ng trn a bn, t 96,71%.
Ngh nghip 2.2.2.1 Nng nghip Tng din tch t canh tc l 1.097,91 ha. Trong t trng cy lu nm l 1.043,60 ha gm: 02 ha vn tp, 04 ha iu, 1.043,6 ha t rng. t trng cy hng nm l 46,31 ha nng sut t 21 t/ha sn lng t 8070 tn t 100%KH; trong c 9 ha rau an ton t 1240 tn. Din tch ao h 02 ha. 2.2.2.2 Lm nghip Din tch rng 1.030,195 ha, gim 13,441 ha, do UBND Tnh c quyt nh giao t cho d n cng ty AMATA m rng v cng ty Thin Thch giai on 2. UBND phng vn ng cc h dn chp hnh quy nh v bo v v phng chy rng vo ma kh. 2.2.2.3 Thng mi dch v Ton phng hin c 2685 h lm dch v bun bn, kinh doanh, trong c 1.690 h kinh doanh phng tr vi 8450 phng. Doanh s c t 340 t, tng 28% so vi nm 2006. UBND phng kim tra, r sot cc h cho thu phng tr thc hin ng k kinh doanh theo ng quy nh, n nay c 1470/1690 h ng k kinh doanh t 87%, s cn li ang lm th tc cp php. Hin ti phng c 05 khu vc bun bn tp trung, ti y cc khu vc bun bn t pht nn cha m bo v sinh mi trng, thng xuyn gy n tc giao thng, nht l ti khu vc ch khu ph 4, 5, 6. UBND v Cng an phng thng xuyn kt hp vi cc khu ph kim tra nhc nh v x l kin quyt i vi cc h bun bn vi phm hnh lang an ton giao thng, hnh lang an ton li in, v sinh mi trng v trt t an ton giao thng. 2.2.2.4 Sn xut cng nghip Tiu th cng nghip C s sn xut tiu th cng nghip hin c 88 c s sn xut vi 1125 lao ng. Gi tr tng sn lng 90,5 t, tng 21% so vi nm 2006. Y t, gio dc Y t Phng c 01 trm y t vi 7 y s v mng li y t khu ph thc hin chc nng khm cha bnh v chm sc sc khe cho nhn dn. Trong nm khm iu tr cho 5856 lt ngi, thc hin cc chng trnh y t cng ng nh: chnh nga cho tr em trong tui, t chc ung Vitamin A v chnh nga cho ph n c thai t 100%. Trin khai 3 vng chin dch dit lng qung phng chng st xut huyt, kim tra v sinh an ton thc phm 276 qun, phi hp vi Trung tm Y t d phng phun ha cht ti T 4 KP3 phng bnh tay chn ming, phun ha cht dit mui phng chng st xut huyt ti KP 2, 3, 4, 5. Thng xuyn tuyn truyn hng dn v kim tra cht lng v sinh, an ton thc phm, phng nga ng c thc n ng ph ti a phng, vn ng nhn dn dng mui It.
Gio dc
Tng s hc sinh Trung hc c s: 1330 hc sinh/ 34 lp hc. Kt qu nm hc 2006 -2007, t l hc sinh ln lp v tt nghip t 100%. Tng s hc sinh tiu hc: 4400 hc sinh/ 110 lp. Kt qu hc nm 20062007, t l hc sinh ln lp v tt nghip t 99,14%. Trng tiu hc Phan Bi Chu khnh thnh v a vo s dng dp khai ging nm hc 2007 -2008. Qua tng kt cui nm 2006 -2007 c 03 trng tiu hc ngh khen thng cp TP, trng THCS Long Bnh c cng nhn gi vng trng chun Quc Gia.
CHNG III NH GI CC TC NG MI TRNG
NGUN GY TC NG
Trong giai on xy dng d n 3.1.1.1 Ngun pht sinh cht thi dng lng Tng s lng ngi tham gia thi cng trn cng trng trung bnh khong 100 ngi trong mt ngy. Theo Tiu chun xy dng TCXDVN 33:2006, mi cng nhn lm vic trn cng trng tiu th khong 22 - 45 lt nc/ngy. Lu lng nc thi sinh hot tnh bng khong 80% lng nc s dng. Tng lng nc thi sinh hot khong l: 100 ngi x 45 l/ngi.ngy x 80% = 3,6 m3/ ngy H s nhim do T chc Y t Th gii (WHO) thit lp i vi cc Quc gia ang pht trin c a ra trong bng 3.2. Cn c vo tng s lng cng nhn thi cng xy dng, c th c tnh ti lng cht nhim sinh ra t nc thi sinh hot trong giai on ny. Tuy nhin, do cng nhn xy dng khng li nn lng cht nhim mi ngi thi ra trong mt ngy c th c tnh tng ng ti lng trung bnh qui nh. Bng 3. 1. H s nhim do mi ngi hng ngy a vo mi trng (cha x l) Cht nhim H s (g/ngi/ngy) Ti lng (kg/ngy) BOD5 45 54 2,25 2,7 COD 85 102 4,25 5,1 Cht rn l lng (SS) 70 145 3,5 7,25 Amoni (N-NH4) 3,6 7,2 0,18 0,36 Tng Nit (N) 6 12 0,3 0,6 Tng Photpho (P) 0,6 4,5 0,03 0,23 Du m phi khong 10 30 0,5 1,5 Ngun: Rapid Environment Assessment, WHO, 1993 Nng cc cht nhim ch th trong nc thi sinh hot c tnh ton trn c s lu lng nc thi v ti lng nhim, th hin trong bng 3.2 Bng 3. 2. Nng cc cht nhim ch th trong nc thi sinh hot. Cht nhim (mg/l) Nng nhim Cha x l X l bng b t hoi BOD5 625 750 250 300 COD 1.180 1.420 472 568 Cht rn l lng (SS) 970 2.014 388 805 Amoni (N-NH4) 50 100 20 40 Tng nit (N) 83 166 33 66 Tng phospho (P) 8,3 64 3,3 25 Du m phi khong 139 416 55 166
3.1.1.2
Ngun pht sinh cht thi dng kh
1/ nhim do bi Bi do ct, t, pht sinh trong qu trnh vn chuyn nguyn nhin vt liu, thit b v my mc xy dng Chng s gy tc ng trc tip ln cng nhn v mi trng khng kh xung quanh; Cao t hin trng ca khu t xy dng d n c KCN AMATA san lp bng phng theo cao nn ca cng trnh nn khng cn phi san lp khi thi cng. Bi pht sinh trong cc cng on ny c tnh cht cc b, di ng v rt gin on theo theo thi gian thi cng xy dng. nh hng khng ng k, ch yu l n cng nhn trc tip thi cng trn cng trnh. 2/ nhim do kh thi t cc phng tin giao thng vn chuyn Khi thi cng cng trnh khng cn phi chuyn ch t ra khi cng trng cng nh chuyn ch t t ni khc n v t o ln s c lp xung ngay khi hon thnh. V vy, lng kh thi pht sinh t cc phng tin vn chuyn s gim ng k. Tc ng nhim kh thi t cc phng tin giao thng, vn chuyn trong cc hot ng thi cng xy dng cc hng mc khc ca D n (xy dng c s h tng k thut, cc cng trnh cng cng, trng cy xanh, vn chuyn nguyn vt liu) c tnh ton theo ti lng pht thi ca hai loi xe ti s dng chnh trong giai on thi cng. Lng xe ra vo khu vc thi cng trung bnh khong 10 xe ti/ngy (trong c 5 xe ti hng nh v 5 xe ti hng nng ch cc vt liu xy dng). Bng 3. 3. Ti lng cht nhim kh thi trong giai on thi cng Loi cht nhim Xe ti nh Xe ti nng Tng ti lng Diesel Diesel (g/ngy.km ) PM10 2,5 2,5 25 SOx 2,2 2,2 22 NOx 2,2 2,2 22 CO2 1000 1200 11000 Ngun: Chng trnh tnh tan nhim trong khu vc th SIM-AIR 1.1 C th nh gi chung nh sau: c nh hng ca kh thi t cc phng tin giao thng vn chuyn trn khu vc D n trong qu trnh thi cng, xy dng D n. Tuy nhin, do tnh cht tc ng trc tip, cc b v gin on i vi lc lng thi cng trn cng trng nn ch u t s bo m trang b y bo h lao ng cho cng nhn v c bin php hn ch s pht tn cc kh nhim nhm bo v an ton sc kho v nng lc lm vic cho cng nhn thi cng. 3/ nhim do ting n t cc phng tin giao thng, thit b thi cng Vi mc n pht ra t hot ng ca cc thit b thi cng c th phi s dng trn cng trng nh c trnh by trong bng 3.4 di y, th mc n cc i do cc thit b thi cng gy ra u vt qu tiu chun cho php i vi khu dn c. Tuy
nhin, khu vc thi cng D n nm cch ly kh xa khu dn c nn tc ng ny l khng ng k. Bng 3. 4. Mc n sinh ra t hot ng ca cc thit b thi cng trn cng trng STT Thit b Mc n (dBA), cch ngun 15m Ti liu (1) Ti liu (2) 1 My i 93,0 2 My khoan 87,0 3 My m nn (xe lu) 72,0 74,0 4 My xc gu trc 72,0 84,0 5 Gu ngc 72,0 93,0 6 My ko 77,0 96,0 7 My cp t 80,0 93,0 8 My lt ng 87,0 93,0 9 Xe ti 82,0 94,0 10 My trn b tng 75,0 75,0 88 11 Bm b tng 80,0 83,0 12 My p b tng 85,0 13 Cn trc di ng 76,0 87,0 14 My pht in 72,0 82,5 15 My nn 80,0 75,0 87,0 16 Ba chn v my khoan 81,0 98,0 17 My ng cc 75,0 95,0 106,0 Ngun: 3.1.1.3 Ti liu (1) Nguyn nh Tun v cng s Ti liu (2) Mackernize, L.da, 1985 Ngun pht sinh cht thi rn Trong qu trnh xy dng, cht thi rn pht sinh bao gm vt liu xy dng ri vi nh xi mng, gch, ct, , g, x bn, st vn, g cp pha, nha vn Vic tp trung nhiu cng nhn xy dng lm tng lng cht thi sinh hot ti khu vc cng trng. Cc cng trnh v sinh tm thi nu khng c thit lp v qun l tt s lm gim cht lng v sinh mi trng khu vc xy dng. iu kin v sinh khng m bo c th gy ra cc dch bnh nh hng n sc kho ca cng nhn thi cng ti cng trnh v xa hn l cng ng dn c. Ngoi ra, cc cht thi ni trn c th b nc ma cun tri xung knh rch xung quanh, gp phn gy nhim cc ngun nc trn khu vc. Lng pht thi rc sinh hot tnh l 0,2 kg/ngi/ngy, cho nn tng khi lng rc thi sinh hot pht sinh trong qu trnh thi cng xy dng d n l khong 20 kg/ngy (tnh cho 100 cng nhn lm vic cng trng), c thu gom hng ngy. Trong giai on d n i vo hot ng 3.1.2.1 Ngun gy tc ng ti mi trng khng kh
1/ Kh thi t qu trnh t kh thin nhin LPG vn hnh l hi L hi cung cp hi cho qu trnh sn xut hng lot. Nhin liu cung cp cho l hi l kh thin nhin LPG. Thng s k thut ca l hi: Cng sut l hi: 2500 kg/h Nhin liu vo: 70,3 m3/h Kh thi ra: 1.880 m3/h Thi gian hot ng: 9 gi Kh thin nhin l nhin liu sch. Nu s dng kh thin nhin lm nhin liu sn xut th hu nh khng pht sinh cht nhim. H s nhim khi s dng kh thin nhin c cho trong bng 3.12. Cn c vo h s pht thi cc cht nhim v thng s k thut ca l hi c th tnh c ti lng v nng cc cht nhim t qu trnh t l hi. Kt qu c trnh by trong bng sau: Bng 3. 5. H s nhim trong qu trnh t kh thin nhin H s Ti lng Nng TCVN 3 nhim (kg/h) (mg/m ) 5939-2005, Cht nhim (kg/tn nhin loi B liu) (mg/m3) Bi 0,06 3,02 x 10-3 1,61 200 -3 SO2 0,07 3,53 x 10 1,88 500 -3 NO2 2,9 146 x 10 77,73 850 -3 CO 0,71 35,8 x 10 19,03 1000 -3 THC 0,12 6,05 x 10 3,22 SO3 Ngun: Rapid Environment Assessment, WHO, 1993
STT 1 2 3 4 5 6
gLPG = 0,7168 kg/m3

Qua kt qu c tnh, c th thy nng cc cht nhim trong khi thi l hi u t tiu chun cho php TCVN 5939 2005, loi B nhiu ln. V th Nh my khng cn lp t h thng x l khi thi l nung x l cht nhim trong khi thi t. Tuy nhin, nhm hn ch n mc thp nht tc hi ca cc cht nhim n cht lng mi trng khng kh xung quanh, Nh my s cho kh thi l hi pht thi qua ng khi cao 20 m, ng knh 0,7m. 2/ Kh thi t cc phng tin vn chuyn Ngun nhim sinh ra t cc phng tin giao thng vn ti l ngun phn tn, khng ch tp trung trong khun vin ca Nh my do cc loi xe lun lu thng trn ng. Kh thi t cc phng tin giao thng vn ti mang c trng ca kh thi do t nhin liu, thnh phn cha ch yu l bi, SO2, NOX, CO, CO2, THC. Ti lng nhim pht sinh do phng tin vn chuyn theo nh Ti liu nh gi nhanh ca WHO, 1993 c cho nh trong bng sau:
Bng 3. 6. Ti lng nhim do cc phng tin giao thng Cht nhim Ti lng nhim (g/km) ng c < 1.400 ng c 1.400 ng c > 2.000 cc 2.000 cc cc Bi 0,07 0,07 0,07 SO2 1,9 x S 2,22 x S 2,74 x S NO2 1,64 1,87 2,25 CO 45,6 45,6 45,6 VOC 3,86 3,86 3,86 Ngun: Rapid Environment Assessment, WHO, 1993 S: hm lng lu hunh (3%) Trung bnh khong 80% lao ng s dng xe gn my. Nh vy, d n s c 144 xe gn my. S xe ng c ln bao gm xe container v xe hi, mi ngy trung bnh khong 5 chuyn. Qung ng xe chy (vo + ra) trong khun vin nh my l 100m. Bng 3. 7. Ti lng nhim khng kh do cc phng tin giao thng Cht nhim Ti lng nhim (g/ngy) Xe hai bnh gn my Xe t chy xng Bi 0,35 0,07 SO2 9,5 2,74 NO2 8,2 2,25 CO 228 45,6 VOC 19,3 3,86 Ngun: Rapid Environment Assessment, WHO, 1993 Ti lng kh thi t cc phng tin vn chuyn l khng ln. y l ngun thi ng nn rt kh kim sot. Chng s pht tn v c pha long bi kh quyn nn cc tc ng ti mi trng do kh thi ca cc phng tin giao thng cng c gim thiu ng k. 3.1.2.2 Ngun gy tc ng ti mi trng nc 1/ Lu lng nc s dng: c c tnh da trn s lng lao ng trong Nh my, lng nc cn thit phc v cng ngh v lng nc d phng. - Ton b cn b, cng nhn vin trong Nh my l khong 240 ngi. Lng nc dng cho nhu cu sinh hot (n ung, v sinh, ) 180 ngi x 100 l/ngi = 18 m3/ngy - Lu lng nc dng cho sn xut: 160 m3/ ngy - Lng nc dng cho cc cng vic khc: 20 m3/ngy (ti cy, ra ng). Tng lng nc s dng khong 200 m3/ngy 2/ Lu lng nc thi: Nc thi ca d n khi i vo hot ng pht sinh t cc ngun sau:
- Nc thi sinh hot t cc hot ng sinh hot hng ngy nh: t khu nh n, tm git, ra chn tay, v sinh cng cng ca cn b v cng nhn khong 15 m3/ngy (tnh bng 80% lng nc cp cho sinh hot) Nc thi cng ngh t cc hot ng sn xut: + T cng on ha tan, trung ha, kh bt v lc ha cht t khu sn xut hng lot + Lu lng nc thi: 160 x 80% = 128 m3/ngy a. Tng lng nc thi l: Qthi =143 m3/ ngy. 3/ Ti lng nhim Nc thi sinh hot Theo thng k ca nhiu quc gia ang pht trin, ti lng cc cht nhim do mi ngi hng ngy a vo mi trng (cha x l) cho trong bng 3.7. Tuy nhin, do cng nhn lm vic trong Nh my theo ca v khng li nn lng cht nhim mi ngi thi ra trong mt ngy c th tnh tng ng ti lng trung bnh quy nh. T , ta c tnh c tng khi lng cht nhim trong nc thi sinh hot ca ton Nh my (180 ngi) trong mt ngy. Vi lng nc thi sinh hot 15 m3/ngm (lng nc thi c tnh bng 80% lng nc cp), nng cc cht nhim trong nc thi nh trong bng 3.8. Bng 3. 8.Ti lng nhim mi ngi hng ngy a vo mi trng (cha x l) Cht nhim H s Ti lng Nng Tiu chun nc (g/ngi/ngy) (kg/ngy) (mg/l) thi vo HTXLNT KCN AMATA BOD5 45 54 4,05 4,86 270 324 500 COD 85 102 7,65 9,18 5 820 530 Cht rn l lng 70 145 6,3 13,05 560 1160 200 (SS) Amoni (N-NH4) 3,6 7,2 0,324 0,64 28,8 57,6 5 Tng Nit (N) 6 12 0,54 1,08 48 96 30 Tng Photpho (P) 0,6 4,5 0,054 0,40 10 40 4 Du m phi khong 10 30 0,9 2,7 80 240 10 Ngun: Rapid Environment Assessment, WHO, 1993 T kt qu c tnh cho thy nng mt s cht nhim vt tiu chun cho php ca Khu cng nghip AMATA nn nc thi sinh hot phi c thu gom x l trc khi thi vo cng chung h thng thot nc ca khu cng nghip. b. Nc thi sn xut Nc thi sn xut ch yu t cng on ha tan, trung ha, lc ca quy trnh sn xut hng lot. Nc thi t vic ra thng cha v cc ng ng. Lu lng nc thi 128 m3/ngy. Theo cc nh my tng t ti Nht Bn, tnh cht nc thi c th hin qua cc thng s sau: Bng 3. 9. Tnh cht nc thi sn xut m phm
STT
Cht nhim Nhit pH BOD5 COD SS Amoniac (NH3) Chlo hu c Chlorua Coliform Xyanua St Fluorua Tng Nit (N) Tng Photpho (P) Du m khong Du m ng thc vt Phenol Asen Cadmi Crom VI Crom III ng Ch Mn Thy ngn Nicken Lu hunh Thic Km Tetrachloroethylene Trichloethylene mu Tng hot phng x Tng hot phng x c. Nc ma chy trn
Gi tr 40 6-9 700 - 1000 1000 - 1500 200 - 400 5 1 500 5.000 0.1 1.0 5.0 30 4 5 10 0.1 0.05 0.01 0.05 0.2 2 0.1 0.5 0.005 0.2 0.2 0.2 3.0 0.02 0.05 20 0.1 1.0
n v tnh
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34
mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l 420 870 21,3 43,3 MNP/100ml mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l Pt-Co Becquerel/l Becquerel/l
Tiu chun nc thi vo HTXLNT KCN AMATA 40 6-9 500 530 200 5 1 500 5.000 0.1 1.0 5.0 30 4 5 10 0.1 0.05 0.01 0.05 0.2 2 0.1 0.5 0.005 0.2 0.2 0.2 3.0 0.02 0.05 20 0.1 1.0
Khi D n i vo hot ng, do nm trong vng c lng ma trung bnh tng i cao (1.800 2.000 mm/nm) nn Nh my s tch ring h thng thot nc ma vi h thng thot nc thi v u ni vo cng thot nc ma chung ca KCN.
V c bn th nc ma c coi l nc thi quy c sch, nu khng chy trn qua cc khu vc nhim, nng cc cht nhim trong nc ma nh sau: STT 1 2 3 4 Bng 3. 10. Nng cht nhim trong nc ma Thnh phn Nng (mg/l) TCVN 5945 2005 (loi B) Tng Nit 0,5 1,5 30 Tng Phospho 0,004 0,03 6 COD 10 20 80 TSS 10 20 100 Ngun: Cp thot nc Hong Hu 3.1.2.3 Ngun gy tc ng do cht thi rn ti mi trng 1/ Cht thi rn sinh hot Cht thi rn sinh hot bao gm: - Cc loi rc thi pht sinh t nh n nh: thc n tha, bao b loi b, v tri cy, lon hp - Rc thi vn phng phm nh: cc loi giy bo, bao b - Lng cht thi rn sinh hot ca Nh my c tnh da trn s lng cn b cng nhn vin lm vic vo nm hot ng n nh vi mc thi trung bnh 0,3 kg/ngi.ngy. Do , lng rc thi sinh hot trung bnh ca Nh my l: 180 ngi x 0,3 kg/ngi.ngy = 54 kg/ngy 2/ Cht thi rn sn xut Cht thi rn sn xut bao gm bao b, thng giy, v hp, tup, chai ng sn phm khng t yu cu. Tng lng cht thi rn sn xut 337 kg/ngy. Cht thi rn khng nguy hi pht sinh t hot ng ca Nh my c th c tnh nh trong bng 3.11. Bng 3.11. Thnh phn, khi lng cht thi rn cng nghip khng nguy hi STT Tn cht thi Thnh phn Khi lng khng nguy hi (tn/thng) 1 Nhm giy Giy lt ln sng (bo v thy tinh), ti 5,04 giy, hp giy 2 Nhm Kim loi Thng, hp 2,40 3 Nhm nha Chai, hp, ti nha 0,28 4 Nhm khc 0,71 Ngun: Cng ty TNHH SHISEIDO VIT NAM 3/ Cht thi rn nguy hi
Ngoi ra, trong qu trnh hot ng, Nh my cn lm pht sinh cht thi nguy hi. Cht thi nguy hi l bn thi t h thng x l nc thi; v, bao b dng ha cht; n hunh quang sau khi s dng. 3.1.2.4 Nhng ri ro v s c mi trng 1/ Kh nng chy n Vic vn hnh cc thit b my mc khng ng quy trnh k thut, quy nh v an ton; S bt cn ca cng nhn nh vt tn thuc vo nhng khu vc lu tr ha cht, nhin liu d chy; S c nh chp in, n cu ch
Nu ho hon xy ra th s gy thit hi rt ln cho con ngi, ti sn v c mi trng xung quanh. Do Nh my s thc hin cc bin php an ton phng chng chy n. 2/ Tai nn lao ng Khng tun th nghim ngt cc quy nh khi vn hnh my mc trong dy chuyn sn xut; Khng thc hin y cc quy nh an ton lao ng ca Nh my. Do bt cn ca cng nhn trong qu trnh sn xut. Do in git.
I TNG, QUY M B TC NG
Trong qu trnh hot ng, Nh my rt coi trng n vn mi trng, trnh xy ra nhim mi trng nh hng n uy tn ca Nh my. Do , Nh my u t my mc hin i tit kim nng lng v hn ch ti a cc cht thi ra mi trng. Trn c s phn tch cc ngun c th gy ra tc ng, c th thng k chnh xc v y cc i tng t nhin, kinh t, vn ho, x hi, tn gio c kh nng b tc ng bi D n nh sau: Bng 3.12. Thng k cc i tng b tc ng bi D n Stt i tng b tc ng Quy m tc ng Khng gian Thi gian 1 Mi trng khng kh Khu vc trin khai D n v - Tm thi: xy dng - Vi kh hu: nhit lan truyn n cc vng ln D n; , m, tc gi cn. - Lu di: sut thi - Cht lng khng gian Nh my hot ng kh xung quanh sn xut. 2 Mi trng lm vic - Cc Cng ty - Tm thi: xy dng xung quanh; D n; - Cc Cng ty khc - Lu di: sut thi trong KCN; gian Nh my hot ng
Mi trng nc mt
H thy sinh
Mi trng nc ngm
- Khu dn c xung quanh; - Phng Long Bnh. - Sng ng Nai: l ngun tip nhn nc thi cui cng nn s chu nhiu nh hng - Sng ng Nai: l ngun tip nhn nc thi cui cng nn s chu nhiu nh hng - Tng nc ngm trong khu vc D n; - Cht nhim c th lan truyn xa hn. - Khu t ca D n
sn xut.
Mi trng t
Sc kho cng ng
Nn kinh t
i sng vn ha
- Cng nhn cc Cng ty trong KCN; - Cng ng dn c ln cn (phng Long Bnh, thnh ph Bin Ha) - Thnh ph Bin Ha: b sung c cu ngnh ngh, to vic lm - Tnh ng Nai: gp phn tng trng kinh t tnh. - Thnh ph Bin Ha: Nng cao i sng kinh t, vn ha, to vic lm, - Tnh ng Nai: tng cng i sng vn ha tinh thn ca ngi dn.
- Tm thi: xy dng D n; - Lu di: sut thi gian Nh my hot ng sn xut. - Tm thi: xy dng D n; - Lu di: sut thi gian Nh my hot ng sn xut - Tm thi: xy dng D n. - Lu di: sut thi gian Nh my hot ng sn xut. - Tm thi: xy dng D n. - Lu di: sut thi gian Nh my hot ng sn xut. - Tm thi: xy dng D n; - Lu di: sut thi gian Nh my hot ng sn xut. - Tm thi: xy dng D n; - Lu di: sut thi gian Nh my hot ng sn xut. - Tm thi: xy dng D n; - Lu di: sut thi gian Nh my hot ng sn xut.
NH GI TC NG
Trong giai on xy dng 3.3.1.1 Tc ng n mi trng nc Tc ng do nc thi sinh hot ca cng nhn Tng lu lng nc thi sinh hot trung bnh pht sinh trong qu trnh thi cng D n l 3,6 m3/ngy m. Nc thi sinh hot ca lc lng cng nhn trn cng trng trong thi gian thi cng c th lm gia tng cc cht nhim vo cng chung ca KCN v vo ngun tip nhn l sng ng Nai, gy nhim mi trng nc ngm do trong nc thi sinh hot c cha cc thnh phn gy nhim mi trng nc nh: cc cht cn b, l lng (SS), cc hp cht hu c (BOD/COD), cc cht dinh dng (N, P) v cc loi vi khun, vi sinh gy bnh. 3.3.1.2 Tc ng n mi trng khng kh - Bi ct, t, pht sinh trong qu trnh o p t, vn chuyn nguyn nhin vt liu, thit b v my mc xy dng s gy nh hng n mi trng khng kh xung quanh. Hu ht loi bi ny c kch thc ln nn s khng pht tn xa. V vy, chng ch gy nhim cc b ti khu vc thi cng v khu vc cui hng gi, nh hng trc tip n cng nhn tham gia thi cng trn cng trng. Bi vo phi gy kch thch c hc v pht trin phn ng x ho phi gy nn nhng bnh h hp. Kh thi t cc phng tin vn ti, my mc thi cng do t nhin liu (xng, du DO, du FO) cha cc thnh phn cht nhim nh: Bi, CO, NOx, SO2, s l ngun thi di ng lm nh hng n mi trng khng kh trong khu cng nghip v c khu dn c ln cn ni cc phng tin ny lu thng qua li. Nng cc cht nhim trong kh thi t cc phng tin giao thng vn ti l khng th tnh ton c do thiu cc s liu tnh ton c th. 3.3.1.3 Tc ng do cht thi rn - Lng t thi b pht sinh t qu trnh o p, ci to, lp t h thng cng thot v o mng xy dng cc hng mc Cng ty. Tuy nhin, do lng t o ln, sau khi thi cng s c lp li ngay hoc s dng san nn nn lng t thi b trong giai on ny l khng nhiu v nh hng khng ln n mi trng. - Lng cht thi rn ca cng nhn trn cng trng xy dng: vi lng cng nhn ti cng trng l khong 100 ngi/ngy, lng cht thi rn sinh ra kh ln 20 kg/ngy (c tnh mi ngi thi ra 0,2 kg rc thi sinh hot mi ngy). Cc cht thi sinh hot ca cng nhn lm vic trn cng trng cng c kh nng gy nhim cc b ti mt s v tr xung quanh khu vc thi cng. Cc cng trnh v sinh tm thi nu khng c thit lp v qun l tt s lm gim cht lng v sinh mi trng khu vc xy dng. Khi d n i vo hot ng 1.3.2.1. Tc ng n mi trng khng kh
a./ Kh thi do t kh thin nhin vn hnh l hi. Trong quy trnh sn xut hng lot ca D n phi s dng l hi cung cp hi cho qu trnh sn xut. Loi nhin liu m D n s dng t cho l hi l kh thin nhin, vi lng s dng l 70,3 m3/h. Theo kt qu c tnh c trnh by nh trong bng 3.5 th thy nng ca tt c cc cht nhim trong kh thi u t tiu chun cho php TCVN 5939 2005, loi B. b./ Kh thi t qu trnh vn chuyn Trong qu trnh hot ng, Nh my c s dng mt s phng tin giao thng vn chuyn nguyn vt liu. Cc phng tin ny s thi ra cc kh SO2, NO2, CO v cc hydrocarbon. Oxit carbon d gy c do kt hp kh bn vng vi hemoglobin thnh cacboxyhemoglobin dn n gim kh nng vn chuyn oxy ca mu n cc t chc t bo. Hydrocarbons thng t gy nhim c cp tnh m ch gy nhim c mn tnh. Cc triu chng nhim c mn tnh l: suy nhc, chng mt, say, co git, ngt, vim phi, p xe phi Khi ht th hi hydrocarbons nng 40.000 mg/m3 c th gy nhim c cp tnh vi cc triu chng nh: tc ngc, kh th, chng mt, ri lon cc gic quan, tm thn, nhc u, bun nn. Cn khi ht th nng 60.000 mg/m3 s xut hin cc cn co git, ri lon tim v h hp, thm ch c th t vong. Tuy nhin, trong phm vi ca D n th vic pht sinh kh thi t cc phng tin giao thng vn chuyn kh t nn mc nh hng n mi trng khng cao. Tuy nhin n cng gp phn lm gia tng nng cc cht nhim nh: Bi, CO, SO2, NOx, v tng nguy c gy ra cc hin tng nh hng n ton cu nh ma axit, hiu ng nh knh 1.3.2.2. Tc ng n mi trng nc Qng = 143 m3/ngy m nh gi tc ng tng hp ca cc cht nhim trong nc thi Tc ng tng hp ca cc cht nhim trong nc thi c th hin trong bng 3.13 Bng 3.13. Tc ng ca cc cht nhim trong nc thi Stt Thng s Tc ng 01 Nhit - nh hng n cht lng nc, nng xy ho tan trong nc (DO). - nh hng tc v dng phn hy cc hp cht hu c trong nc. 02 Du m - Tng nhim cho ngun tip nhn nc thi. Tng lu lng nc thi hng ngy ca cng ty c tnh l:
03 Cc cht hu c 04 Cht rn l lng 05 Cc cht dinh dng (N,P) 06 Cc vi khun gy bnh
07 Cc kim loi nng
- nh hng tiu cc n i sng thy sinh do cn tr qu trnh khuych tn oxy t khng kh vo trong nc. - nh hng n mc ch cung cp nc v nui trng thy sn. Gy cht cc ng vt nui di nc nh tm, c - Cn tr qu trnh khuch tn xy t khng kh vo trong nc. - Chuyn ho thnh cc hp cht c hi khc nh Phenol, cc dn xut clo ca Phenol. - Gim nng xy ho tan trong nc. - Tng hm lng cc cht hu c vo ngun tip nhn. - nh hng n ti nguyn thy sinh. nh hng n cht lng nc ngun tip nhn, ti nguyn thu sinh. Gy hin tng ph dng, nh hng ti cht lng nc ngun tip nhn, s sng thy sinh. - Nc c ln vi khun gy bnh l nguyn nhn ca cc dch bnh thng hn, ph thng hn, l, t. - Coliform l nhm vi khun gy bnh ng rut. - E.coli (Escherichia Coli) l vi khun thuc nhm Coliform, c nhiu trong phn ngi. Tch ly trong sinh vt, gy nh hng n sinh vt v sc khe con ngi khi s dng cc sinh vt ny
1.3.2.3. Tc ng ca cht thi rn n mi trng Khi i vo hot ng, cht thi rn sinh hot, cht thi rn sn xut, cht thi nguy hi ca Nh my u c x l trit bng cc bin php ring. Nu khng, y s l mt ngun gy nhim nghim trng cho mi trng t. Nu cc cht thi ni trn b nc ma ra tri cun xung sng ngi, knh rch xung quanh s gp phn gy nhim cc ngun nc mt trn khu vc.
CHNG IV BIN PHP GIM THIU TC NG XU, PHNG NGA V NG PH S C MI TRNG

Trong qu trnh xy dng d n Cc ngun c th gy tc ng tiu cc n iu kin t nhin, mi trng v kinh t x hi khu vc xung quanh D n trong giai on xy dng c phn tch trong chng 3. Cc bin php gim thiu tng ng c thng k trong bng 4.1 nh sau:
Bng 4. 1. Cc ngun gy tc ng xu v bin php gim thiu tng ng trong giai on xy dng D n Trong giai on xy dng Bin php gim thiu tng ng 1. nhim mi trng nc Nc thi sinh hot, lu lng - Nc thi pht sinh t hot ng sinh hot ca cng 3,6 m3/ngy m nhn lm vic trn cng trng c dn v b t hoi. 2. nhim mi trng khng kh Bi, t vt liu xy dng - Gim thiu bng cch che chn cng trng, trnh pht tn. - Che chn vt liu xy dng trong qu trnh vn chuyn cng nh nhng khu vc pht sinh bi v ti nc hn ch kh nng khuch tn bi ra mi trng xung quanh, ti nc ng vn chuyn trn cng trng trong ma kh gim lng bi trong khng kh, nht l trong iu kin thi cng c nng nng ko di. - Lp trm ra xe trc khi ra khi cng trng Kh thi t cc phng tin y l cc ngun thi ng nn rt kh qun l. Ch c giao thng th gim bt cc tc ng bng cch yu cu cc phng tin vn chuyn gy nhim nhiu chy vo ban m (nhng phi kt thc trc 22 h m) B tr hp l ng vn chuyn v i li, hn ch di chuyn nhiu ln ngang qua khu vc dn c Ting n, rung t cc phng Rt kh qun l ngun gy nhim ny. Gim thiu tc tin giao thng, thit b thi ng n ngi dn bng cch cm vn chuyn v thi cng cng cc cng vic c mc n cao vo ban m ( b tng) v gim tc khi i qua khu vc dn c, gn ng gim thanh cho xe. Lp t b phn gim ting n cho nhng thit b my mc c mc n cao nh my pht in, h thng nn kh, my ca gim n cn cn phi tin hnh kim tra, bo dng thng xuyn cc phng tin vn ti, cc my mc thit b k thut thi cng, bo m tuyt i an ton trong thi cng. Cc thit b thi cng phi c chn hn ch rung Nhit d t cc my mc thi V ngun nhit ny nh hng trc tip n sc khe cng, qu trnh tri nha cng nhn nn bin php gim thiu l trang b y ng bo h lao ng, cc bin php an ton khc cho cng nhn 3. Cht thi rn T sinh hot ca cng nhn: i vi rc sinh hot: t cc thng rc nhm thu gom 20 kg/ngy v tp kt ti 1 a im c nh. Lng cht thi ny s c thu gom hng ngy. T qu trnh xy dng: t, Cc cht thi rn xy dng, cc vt liu ph b c thu
, g, x bn, va, xi gom thng xuyn v vn chuyn ra khi cng trng, mng tp trung vo cc khu x l cht thi rn chung ca tnh. Khi D n i vo hot ng 4.2.1. Bin php x l kh thi Nh phn tch chng 3, kh thi pht sinh t cc hot ng sn xut ch yu l kh thi l hi chy bng nhin liu LPG v kh thi t phng tin vn chuyn. 1/ Phng php x l kh thi t l hi Theo kt qu c tnh c trnh by trong bng 3.10 (chng 3) th nng cc cht nhim trong kh thi l hi u thp hn tiu chun cho php TCVN 5939 - 2005 (tiu chun i vi kh thi cng nghip) nhiu ln. V vy, Nh my s pht tn kh thi qua ng khi cao 20m nh khng kh pha long. 2/ Bin php khng ch nhim khng kh do cc phng tin vn ti Cc hot ng giao thng vn ti s gy nh hng n mi trng nu khng c phng n quy hoch v khng ch thch hp. Kh thi t cc phng tin vn ti c cha cc cht nhim nh bi, SO 2, NO2, CO2. gim thiu nhim gy ra do kh thi ca cc phng tin vn ti, Cng ty s p dng cc bin php sau y: - Thay i nhin liu c hm lng lu hunh cao bng loi nhin liu c hm lng lu hunh thp. - S dng nhin liu ng vi thit k ca ng c. - nh k bo dng v kim tra xe. - Khng ch qu trng ti quy nh. - Thng xuyn v sinh phng tin giao thng v phun nc to m ng khi tri nng nng. - B tng ha ton b kho bi, ng giao thng, ng thi trng cy xanh dc 2 bn ng ni b hn ch bi t cc phng tin giao thng v to bng mt cho cng nhn. - i vi phng tin giao thng, ch u t s b tr nh xe gn cng ra vo, ng thi ra quy nh dt b i vi xe gn my. - i vi xe ti, xe nng v xe du lch s c yu cu tt my khi khng cn thit v vn chuyn theo ng tuyn quy nh. 4.2.2. Bin php x l nc thi Hnh sau gii thiu cc phng n c xut x l nc thi sinh hot v nc thi pht sinh trong qui trnh sn xut.
Nc ma chy trn
Nc thi sinh hot
Nc thi sn xut
Vt du m v tch rc
B t hoi
Trm bm
Cng thot nc ma KCN
H ga ly mu
Nh my x l nc thi
H ga ly mu
H thng thot nc thi KCN
Nh my XLNT tp trung KCN
Sng ng Nai Hnh 4. 1. S tng th cc phng n x l nc thi Da vo c tnh cng nh lu lng ca nc thi sn xut v nc thi sinh hot c thu gom v trm x l tp trung, Nh my s tin hnh x l ring tng loi nc thi trc khi u ni vo h thng cng chung ca KCN thi ra ngun tip nhn l sng ng Nai. 1/ Nc thi sinh hot Theo tnh ton chng 3 nng mt s cht nhim vt qu tiu chun cho php ca KCN AMATA, v vy ch u t s xy dng b t hoi x l lng nc thi sinh hot ny trc khi thi vo cng thot nc chung ca KCN.
B t hoi 3 ngn c ngn lc. B ny c hai chc nng chnh l lng v phn hy cn lng vi hiu sut x l 60 %. Thi gian lu nc trong b khong 20 ngy th 90% cht rn l lng s lng xung y b. Cn c gi li trong y b t 6-8 thng, di nh hng ca cc vi sinh vt k kh, cc cht hu c b phn hy mt phn, mt phn to ra cc cht kh v mt phn to thnh cc cht v c ho tan. Nc thi trong b mt thi gian di m bo hiu sut lng cao ri mi chuyn qua ngn lc v thot ra ngoi ng ng dn. Mi b t hoi u c ng thng hi gii phng kh t qu trnh phn hy. Bin php ny s gip gim bt nng cc cht hu c, cht rn l lng trong nc thi.
Hnh 4. 2. S cu to b t hoi 3 ngn c ngn lc 1- ng dn nc thi vo b. 2- ng thng hi. 3- Np thm ( ht cn). 4- Ngn nh lng x nc thi n cng trnh x l tip theo. Nc thi sinh hot sau khi qua b t hoi th hm lng BOD, COD v SS gim ng k v c trnh by c th trong bng 4.2 nh sau: Bng 4. 2. Nng cc cht nhim c trng trong nc thi sinh hot STT Cht nhim Nng trc Nng sau Tiu chun nc thi x l (mg/l) x l (mg/l) vo HTXLNT KCN AMATA 1 BOD 360 440 180 220 500 2 COD 680 820 340 410 530 3 SS 560 1160 112 232 200 4 Tng Nit (N) 48 96 24 48 30 5 Tng Phospho (P) 10 40 5 20 4 Ngun: Rapid Environment Assessment, WHO, 1993 2/ Nc thi sn xut Ch u t s xy dng nh my x l nc thi t tiu chun nc thi tp trung ca KCN AMATA trc khi chy vo cng thot nc chung ca khu cng nghip. S cng ngh h thng x l nc thi sn xut nh sau:
nHA2
POLYME
DD KEO T
MY NN KH
NC THI
DINH DNG
B KEO T TO BNG
B TUYN NI
B TIP NHN 1 B TIP NHN 2
AEROTANK
AEROTANK H
MTK
LNG II
B CHA BN
KEO T TCH NC B CHA BN 2
B TIP NHN 3
4.2.3. Bin php x l cht thi rn Tu tng loi cht thi m Cng ty c phng php x l ring
Hp ng vi KCN thu gom x l
Rc sinh hot Cht thi rn sinh hot
Ti liu vn phng
My hy
Nhm giy (hp, ti, giy sng lt)
Ti ch
Cht thi rn sn xut khng nguy hi
Nhm Kim loi (thng, hp)
Ti ch
Nhm nha (bnh, chai, ti nha)
Bn ph liu
Nhm khc
Hp ng vi KCN AMATA thu gom
Cht thi rn nguy hi
Bn cn t h thng x l nc thi
Thu gom, lu tr v hp ng vi n v c chc nng x l.
Hnh 4. 3. S khi cc bin php x l cht thi rn 1/ Cht thi rn sinh hot Cht thi sinh hot c cha trong cc thng nha c np y kn c b tr ngay ti ni pht sinh (nh n, nh bp, vn phng) c thu gom, tp trung li. Nh my s k hp ng vi n v thu gom cht thi sinh hot ca KCN AMATA n thu gom hng ngy.
2/ Cht thi cng nghip a. Cht thi khng nguy hi Cht thi khng nguy hi s c phn loi theo 4 nhm chnh sau: nhm giy, nhm kim loi, nhm nha v nhm cc cht thi rn sn xut khc c lu tr trong cc thng cha c mu sc khc nhau trong mt kho ring bit vi cht thi nguy hi. Nhn chung, cc cht thi c kh nng ti ch hoc ti s dng (hp, thng giy, thng kim loi, bao b v thng giy ng gi sn phm) c thu gom ring cho mc ch ti s dng hoc ti ch. y l phng php rt c khuyn khch thc hin v khng nhng mang li li ch kinh t m cn hn ch nhim mi trng. Phn khng c gi tr thng mi cng ty s k hp ng vi khu cng nghip AMATA n thu gom, vn chuyn v x l nh k theo quy nh v bo v mi trng. Nhn chung, cht thi ny d dng thu gom, phn loi nn nu c bin php x l thch hp th s khng gy tc hi ln ti mi trng. b. Cht thi nguy hi Cht thi rn sn xut nguy hi bao gm: bn thi t h thng x l nc thi sn xut. Cng ty TNHH SHISEIDO VIT NAM s hp ng vi Geocycle Vit Nam, l mt b phn ca cng ty Holcim Vit Nam thu gom v x l bng phng php ng x l trong l nung ximng.
I VI CC S C
S c chy n Nu c chy n xy ra trong qu trnh hot ng ca cng ty th tc hi i vi ti sn v tnh mng ca cng nhn trong cng ty s rt ln. V vy, Cng ty m bo khu thit k ph hp vi yu cu phng chy cha chy. Ni dung ch yu ca vic ny c vn dng c th i vi cc phn xng sn xut nh sau: ng ni b n c tt c cc v tr nh nht trong Nh my, m bo tia nc phun t vi rng ca xe cu ha c th khng ch c la pht sinh bt k v tr no trong Nh my. Kho cng c b tr ca thng gi v tng cch ly trnh tnh trng chy lan theo tng hoc theo st mi. B cha nc cu ha phi lun lun y nc, ng ng dn nc cu ha n cc hng ly nc cu ha phi lun lun trong tnh trng sn sng lm vic. Lng nc trung bnh cung cp lin tc 15 l/s trong 3 gi. Cc loi nhin liu d chy c lu tr trong cc kho cch ly ring bit, trnh xa cc ngun c kh nng pht la v tia la in. Khong cch an ton gia cc cng trnh l 12 20m. Cc kho nhin liu, nguyn liu, kho hng, kho cha kh LPG... cn c lp h thng bo chy, h thng ca cch ly v c m bo mt khng gian cch ly an ton. Sp xp b tr cc my mc thit b m bo trt t, gn v khong cch an ton cho cng nhn lm vic khi c chy n xy ra.
H thng dy in, cc ch tip xc, cu dao in c th gy tia la phi c b tr tht an ton. Qui nh cm cng nhn ht thuc l trong khu vc sn xut, kho cha nguyn vt liu v cc khu vc khc. Tt c cc hng mc cng trnh trong Nh my u c b tr cc vt liu cu ha, bao gm bnh CO2, vt dp la v cc vt liu khc nh ct, thang cha chy. Nhng vt liu ny c t ti cc v tr thch hp nht tin vic s dng v thng xuyn tin hnh kim tra s hot ng tt ca thit b cha chy. Cng ty cn thng xuyn tuyn truyn, gio dc thc phng chy cha chy cho cn b cng nhn vin bng cch dn bng rn, bng hiu phng s c chy. Hun luyn cho ton th cn b cng nhn vin cc bin php phng chy cha chy khi c s c xy ra. V sinh v an ton lao ng An ton lao ng l mc tiu hng u trong cc hot ng sn xut. V vy, m bo thc hin tt nht v an ton lao ng, ngoi cc phng php khng ch nhim gim thiu tc ng tiu cc n sc khe ca ngi cng nhn, Nh my cn p dng thm nhng bin php sau: C chng trnh kim tra sc khe nh k cho ngi cng nhn. - Cung cp thit b bo h lao ng: knh, m, gng tay an ton, qun o v.v Cng nhn lao ng khi tip xc vi ha cht nht thit phi mang khu trang, gng bo h lao ng, ng trnh cc s c c th xy ra. Cc iu kin v nh sng v ting n cn c tun th cht ch. o to nh k v an ton lao ng. - m bo cc yu t vi kh hu v iu kin lao ng khng nh hng n sc khe ngi cng nhn. H thng chng st Trn cc cng trnh b tr cc kim thu st bng thp m km 24mm, di 2,5 cm. Kim thu st c hn vo cc nh v ko hoc t trn mi, c bin php chng dt. Trn cc b nc c cc dy thu st bng thp 10mm. Dy dn st c th s dng v ko hoc dy dn bng thp 10mm ni cc b phn thu st vi tip a. B phn tip a cu to t cc cc tip a thng ng lm t thp gc 50x50x5mm, di 2,5 cm, hn lin kt vi tip a ngang bng thp trn 14mm, chn su 0,7 mm, in tr tip a tnh ton 10. Tt c v thit b in trm bin th, thit b cng ngh, t, hp in v cp v cc kt cu kim loi khc dng lp t thit b in v h thng in c ni t ph hp vi ch in trung tnh ca my bin th ngun, thng qua mt mng li tip a bng dy ng trn. in tr tip a thit b 4.
CHNG V CAM KT THC HIN BIN PHP MI TRNG

Trong qu trnh hot ng sn xut, Cng ty TNHH SHISEIDO - Ch u t D n Thnh lp cng ty TNHH SHISEIDO VIT NAM, xin cam kt: - Xy dng cc h thng x l mi trng nh: X l nc thi cng nghip v cht thi rn theo ng nh ni dung gii trnh trong Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng ny. Xy dng tch ring tuyn thu gom nc ma v nc thi. - V x l nc thi cng nghip: Cam kt xy dng, vn hnh h thng x l nc thi sinh hot v nc thi sn xut t tiu chun nc thi vo H thng x l nc thi trung tm ca KCN AMATA trc khi thi ra h thng cng chung ca KCN. - Thc hin cc bin php qun l cht thi rn theo ng quy nh an ton v thu gom, vn chuyn, lu tr v x l. - Trng cy xanh trong nh my m bo din tch cy xanh > 20% din tch nh my. - Cht lng mi trng khng kh xung quanh m bo t tiu chun v sinh lao ng ca B Y t TCVS 3733/2002 BYT- Q - 2002 v TCVN 5937-2005. m bo t TCVN 5949-1998, TCVS 3733/2002/BYT - Q - 2002 i vi ting n. Kt hp vi khu x l nhim, cng ty s xut c th cc bin php qun l cht ch v v sinh mi trng, hn ch ti a cc cht thi, xy dng c th cc bin php an ton lao ng, an ton chy n v s c. Nh my s trin khai ng b cc bin php khng ch v x l nhim. Cng ty xin cam kt s xy dng cc h thng nc thi, cht thi rn ng thi vi giai on xy dng cc hng mc c s h tng v hon thnh trc khi cng ty i vo hot ng trong qu trnh hot ng khng lm nh hng n mi trng. Thi gian hon thnh cc cng trnh x l l 6 thng. Sau khi Nh my i vo hot ng chnh thc c 3 thng, Cng ty s xut S Ti nguyn v Mi trng tnh ng Nai tin hnh nghim thu cc cng trnh ny. Trong qu trnh hot ng ca Cng ty, Cng ty cng xin cam kt thc hin ng cc ch bo co c quy nh ti ni dung s 11, phn II trong Thng t 08/2006/TT-BTNMT ngy 8/9/2006 ca B Ti nguyn v Mi trng (theo mu bo co t Ph lc 14 19) Cng ty xin cam kt hon ton chu trch nhim trc php lut Vit Nam nu vi phm cc cng c Quc t, cc tiu chun Vit Nam v nu xy ra cc s c gy nhim mi trng.
CHNG 6 CC CNG TRNH X L MI TRNG, CHNG TRNH QUN L V GIM ST MI TRNG

LIT K DANH MC CC CNG TRNH X L MI TRNG 1./ H thng thot nc ma; 2./ Cng trnh x l nc thi sinh hot v sn xut; 3./ Nh lu tr cht thi rn sinh hot, cht thi rn khng nguy hi, cht thi rn nguy hi. Cc cng trnh x l ny s c xy dng cng vi tin xy dng ca D n v s hon thnh trc khi Nh my vo hot ng. Khi vic xy dng cc cng trnh ny hon tt, Ban gim c s trnh S Ti nguyn v Mi trng tnh ng Nai nghim thu. CHNG TRNH QUN L V GIM ST MI TRNG Chng trnh qun l mi trng 6.2.1.1 Trong giai on xy dng 1./ Qun l v kim sot vic thi b cht thi rn Trong qu trnh xy dng, cht thi rn pht sinh bao gm vt liu xy dng ri vi nh xi mng, gch, ct, , g, x bn, st vn, g cp pha Vic tp trung cng nhn xy dng lm tng lng cht thi sinh hot ti Nh my, do cn phi qun l cht ch (nh trnh by chng 4). Nh my s m bo v sinh mi trng ni thi cng cng nh mi trng xung quanh bng cch k hp ng vi n v c chc nng n thu gom v vn chuyn mi ngy, x l theo quy nh v bo v mi trng. 2./ Qun l v kim sot nhim khng kh Trong qu trnh xy dng D n, c s dng cc phng tin giao thng chuyn ch nguyn vt liu, cn nn, xc t s sinh ra khi, bi gy nhim khng kh. hn ch vn ny, Nh my s c k hoch qun l c th (nh trnh by chng 4). Kim tra my mc thit b nh k c ch bo tr hp l, hn ch n mc thp nht lng kh x thi gy nhim mi trng, nh hng n sc kho ca cng nhn Nh my khc trong KCN cng nh khu dn c ln cn. 3./ Qun l v kim sot nc thi Lng nc thi sinh ra trong qu trnh xy dng D n s gy nh hng n cht lng nc ti khu vc. Ngun nc thi ny ch yu l nc thi sinh hot do cng nhn xy dng gy ra v lng ma chy trn qua khu vc xy dng cun theo t ct. c trng ca nc thi ny l c ch tiu v vi sinh, cc cht dinh dng, du m tng i cao. Bin php x l ngun nc thi ny nh trnh by chng 4.
6.2.1.2
Trong giai on D n i vo hot ng 1./ Qun l v kim sot vic thi b cht thi rn
Khi D n i vo hot ng s lm pht sinh cht thi rn t qu trnh sinh hot ca cng nhn v t qu trnh sn xut. Chnh v vy cn phi kim sot cht ch vic x thi rc. Cn quy nh v trt t, v sinh v bo v mi trng trong tp th cng nhn vin trong Nh my v phi kim sot lng rc thi sinh ra trong qu trnh sn xut bng cc bin php ph hp. Cht thi rn sinh hot c cha trong cc thng nha c np y kn b tr ti ni pht sinh (nh n, nh bp, vn phng). Hng ngy KCN AMATA s n thu gom v x l theo hp ng. Cht thi cng nghip khng nguy hi s c phn nhm v ti ch hoc bn vi mc ch ti ch. Cht thi rn nguy hi s c thu gom, lu tr v x l ng qui nh bi cc n v c chc nng, Nh my s ng k ch ngun thi v kim tra nh k cht thi nguy hi mi nm 1 ln xem c ph hp vi tiu chun cho php hay khng. Nu khng ph hp, cng ty s c bin php x l thch hp. 2./ Qun l v kim sot kh thi Trong qu trnh hot ng, cng ty s lm pht sinh ra kh thi nh: kh thi t cc phng tin vn chuyn, kh thi t l hi Chnh v th vic kim sot kh thi l rt cn thit. Quan trc cht lng khng kh xung quanh nh k mi nm 4 ln ng theo quy nh. 3./ Qun l v kim sot nc thi Trong qu trnh hot ng, s c nc thi sinh hot pht sinh t qu trnh hot ng hng ngy ca cn b cng nhn vin, nc thi t qu trnh sn xut. Cc cn b mi trng ca cng ty s thc hin nhim v quan trc cht lng nc thi nh k mi nm 4 ln ng theo quy nh v c bin php x l thch hp khi khng t tiu chun x vo ngun tip nhn. Cc bin php x l nh trnh by chng 4. Chng trnh quan trc mi trng Chng trnh quan trc mi trng v kim sot nhim l mt trong nhng chc nng quan trng ca cng tc qun l mi trng v ng thi cng l mt trong nhng phn quan trng ca cng tc nh gi tc ng mi trng. Chng trnh ny nhm xc nh li mc chnh xc ca d bo, cho php kp thi pht hin cc bin ng mi trng v xut cc bin php khc phc nhng yu t gy tc hi i vi con ngi v mi trng trong phm vi chu nh hng ca D n. 6.2.2.1 Chng trnh gim st trong giai on xy dng
Trong giai on thi cng, cc hot ng c th gy nhim mi trng nc, t l rt kh kim sot. Do , Ch u t s tin hnh gim st cht lng khng kh v mi trng ny s chu nh hng trc tip.
Gim st mi trng Gim st cht lng khng kh xung quanh

-
Thng s gim st: bi, SO2, NO2, CO, ting n, vi kh hu (nhit , m). V tr gim st: 6 im trong khu t d n. Tn sut gim st: 3 thng/ln Tiu chun so snh:
+ +
TCVN 5937-2005 TCVN 5949-1998
6.2.2.2 Chng trnh gim st trong giai on vn hnh Gim st cht thi Gim st nc thi Bng 6. 1. V tr gim st v tiu chun so snh V tr gim st Tiu chun so snh Nc thi sn xut: Trc (hm tip Tiu chun nc thi cc b nhn) v sau (h ga ly mu) ca nh my x theo qui nh ca Khu cng l nc thi ti cng ty. nghip AMATA. Nc thi sinh hot: Trc v sau (h Tiu chun nc thi cc b ga ly mu) khi qua b t hoi. theo qui nh ca Khu cng nghip AMATA
-
Thng s gim st: Nc thi sinh hot: pH, BOD, COD, SS, du m, tng N, tng P,
coliform.
-
Nc thi sn xut: pH, BOD, COD, SS, du m, kim loi, mu, tng N, tng P. Tn sut gim st: 3 thng/ln V tr: im thu gom tp trung bn d ca cc trm XLNT tp trung Thng s gim st: pH, m, t trng, Cu, Zn, Ni, Fe, As Tn sut gim st: 3 thng/ln V tr: ng khi l hi t kh thin nhin LPG Thng s gim st: nhit , bi NOx, SOx, CO. Tn sut gim st: 3 thng/ln
Gim st bn d t trm XLNT tp trung
Gim st kh thi ti ngun:
Gim st mi trng Gim st cht lng khng kh xung quanh

-
Thng s chn lc: bi, SO2, NO2, CO, ting n, vi kh hu (nhit , m). V tr gim st: 5 im. Xem hnh 6.1 (phn ph lc)
+ 05 im trong khu vc d n.
Tn s gim st: 2 ln/nm. Tiu chun so snh:

+ +
TCVN 5937-2005 TCVN 5949-1998
CHNG 7
D TON KINH PH CHO CC CNG TRNH MI TRNG
KINH PH CHO CNG TC BO V MI TRNG Kinh ph d kin cho cc cng trnh x l mi trng c trnh by trong bng 7.1. Bng 7. 1. Bng tng hp kinh ph xy dng h tng k thut STT HNG MC N V GI TR () 01 H thng thot nc ng 500.000.000 ma. 02 H thng thot nc ng 95.000.000 thi. 03 H thng x l nc ng 4.200.000.000 thi. 04 Nh lu tr cht thi ng 50.000.000 rn Tng cng 4.845.000.000 Bng 7. 2. Chi ph vn hnh cc cng trnh x l mi trng STT Cng trnh n v Chi ph vn hnh 01 H thng x l nc thi tp trung ng/ thng 18.000.000 02 H thng thot nc (bo dng) ng/thng 5.000.000 03 Hp ng thu gom cht thi rn sinh ng/thng 1.500.000 hot 04 Hp ng thu gom cht thi rn nguy ng/thng 4.000.000 hi. Tng cng 28.500.000 KINH PH GIM ST CHT LNG MI TRNG HNG NM Kinh ph gim st cht lng khng kh Kinh ph gim st cht lng khng kh c th hin trong bng 7.3 Bng 7. 3. Kinh ph gim st cht lng khng kh xung quanh STT Thng s n gi S mu Tn s Tng cng (VND) (mu) gim st (VN) (ln/nm) 01 Bi 70.000 5 2 700.000 02 SO2 70.000 5 2 700.000 03 NO2 70.000 5 2 700.000 04 CO 70.000 5 2 700.000 05 Ting n 40.000 5 2 400.000 06 Vi kh hu 60.000 5 2 600.000 Tng cng 3.800.000 Bng 7. 4. Kinh ph gim st cht lng khng kh ti ngun (ng khi)
STT
Thng s
n gi (VND) 70.000 20.000 70.000 70.000 70.000
S mu (mu) 2 2 2 2 2
Tn s gim st (ln/nm) 4 4 4 4 4
Tng cng (VN) 560.000 160.000 560.000 560.000 560.000 2.400.000
01 02 02 03 04
Bi Nhit SO2 NO2 CO
Tng cng Kinh ph gim st cht lng nc thi
Kinh ph gim st cht lng nc thi c trnh by trong bng 7.4 Bng 7. 5. Kinh ph gim st cht lng nc thi sinh hot STT Thng s n gi S mu Tn s (VND) (mu) gim st (ln/nm) 01 pH 30.000 2 4 03 COD 80.000 2 4 04 BOD5 80.000 2 4 05 SS 50.000 2 4 06 Tng nit 80.000 2 4 07 Tng photphos 60.000 2 4 09 Tng Coliform 60.000 2 4 11 Du m 200.000 2 4 Tng cng Tng cng (VN) 240.000 640.000 640.000 400.000 640.000 480.000 480.000 1600.000 5.120.000
Bng 7. 6. Kinh ph gim st cht lng nc thi sn xut STT Thng s n gi S mu Tn s Tng cng (VND) (mu) gim st (VN) (ln/nm) 01 pH 30.000 2 4 240.000 02 mu 50.000 2 4 400.000 03 COD 80.000 2 4 640.000 04 BOD5 80.000 2 4 640.000 05 SS 50.000 2 4 400.000 06 Tng nit 80.000 2 4 640.000 07 Tng photphos 60.000 2 4 480.000 10 Kim loi nng 300.000 2 4 2.400.000 11 Du m 200.000 2 4 1.600.000
STT Tng cng
Thng s
n gi (VND)
S mu (mu)
Tn s gim st (ln/nm)
Tng cng (VN) 7.440.000
Kinh ph gim st bn d t nh my x l nc thi Kinh ph gim st cht lng bn d t nh my x l nc thi c trnh by trong bng 7.7 Bng 7. 7. Kinh ph gim st cht lng bn d t nh my x l nc thi STT Thng s n gi S mu Tn s gim Tng (VND) (mu) st (ln/nm) cng (VN) 01 pH 30.000 1 4 120.000 02 m 30.000 1 4 120.000 03 Cu 60.000 1 4 240.000 04 Zn 50.000 1 4 200.000 05 Ni 50.000 1 4 200.000 06 Fe 50.000 1 4 200.000 07 As 60.000 1 4 240.000 Tng cng 1.320.000 Tng kinh ph thc hin chng trnh gim st cht lng mi trng c th hin trong bng 7.8 Bng 7. 8. Tng kinh ph thc hin chng trnh gim st cht lng mi trng STT Hng mc Kinh ph (ng) 01 Kinh ph gim st mi trng 20.080.000 02 Chi ph ly mu 1.000.000 03 Vit bo co gim st cht lng mi trng 2.000.000 x 2 ln/nm = 4.000.000 Tng kinh ph thc hin chng trnh gim st cht 26.600.000 lng mi trng
CHNG 8
THAM VN KIN CNG NG
Theo mc 4 iu 1 ca Ngh nh 21/2008/N-CP ngy 28/02/2008 ca Chnh ph v sa i b sung mt s iu ca Ngh nh s 80/2006/ND9-CP ngy 09/08/2006 ca Chnh ph v vic quy nh chi tit v hng dn thi hnh mt s iu ca Lut bo v mi trng th: D n u t nm trong Khu cng nghip, khu ch xut, khu cng ngh cao trong trng hp d n xy dng kt cu h tng ca Khu cng nghip, Khu ch xut, Khu cng ngh cao c c quan qun l nh nc c thm quyn ph duyt Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng th s khng tham vn kin cng ng khi thc hin bo co nh gi tc tc ng mi trng. Nh vy, d n Thnh lp Cng ty TNHH SHISEIDO VIT NAM, cng sut 2.900 tn sn phm/nm nm trong khu cng nghip AMATA, Khu cng nghip AMATA c B Khoa hc Cng ngh Mi trng ph duyt Bo co nh gi tc ng Mi trng vo ngy 29/07/1995 nn D n ny khng thc hin vic ly kin y ban nhn dn x phng v i din cng ng dn c trong qu trnh lp Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng.
CHNG 9
CH DN NGUN CUNG CP S LIU, D LIU V PHNG PHP NH GI
NGUN CUNG CP S LIU, D LIU Ngun ti liu, d liu tham kho Bng 9. 1. Ngun ti liu, d liu tham kho NH GI TIN CY TT Ngun ti liu, d liu tham kho 1 Kh tng thy vn khu vc d n: t Chng trnh tin b khoa hc k trm Kh tng thy vn Bin Ha thut cp nh nc 42A nn c ng Nai tin cy cao 2 Bo co Tnh hnh Pht trin Kinh t - Bo co do UBND phng Long Vn ha X hi An ninh Quc phng Bnh thc hin nn c tin cy cao nm 2007-2008 ca phng Long Bnh 3 Bo co TM d n u t nh my cn Bo co do Cng ty C phn Thp thp hp kim d ng lc Vietsteel, cng Thp Vit kt hp vi t vn c sut 450.000 tn/nm ti khu cng chc nng thc hin nn c tin nghip Ph M 1, huyn Tn Thnh, cy cao tnh B Ra Vng Tu 4 Bo co TM d n KCN Nhn Trch 5 Bo co do Tng Cng ty u t ti tnh ng Nai Pht trin th v Khu cng nghip kt hp vi t vn c chc nng thc hin lp nn c tin cy cao 5 Assessment of sources of air, water, and Bo co do T chc Y t Th gii land pollution. A Guide to rapid source thc hin nn c tin cy cao inventory techniques and their use in formulating environmental control strategies - Part I and II Ngun ti liu d liu do Ch d n cung cp Giy chng nhn u t s 472043000448, ng k ln u ngy 24 thng 04 nm 2008 do Ban qun l cc Khu cng nghip ng Nai. Lun chng kinh t k thut (Bo co D n kh thi) do Ch u t cung cp; Cc bn v mt bng tng th, mt bng thot nc ma, nc thi, cp nc ca cng ty TNHH SHISEIDO VIT NAM; S ly mu khng kh, nc mt, nc ngm, t do Cng ty TNHH Cng Ngh Sch xc lp;
Kt qu o, phn tch xc nh hin trng mi trng ti khu vc D n ca Cng ty TNHH SHISEIDO VIT NAM do Trung tm Cng ngh v Mi trng ETC thc hin.
Cc ti liu, d liu s dng trong bo co TM l nhng ti liu c tnh cp nht v tin cy cao. PHNG PHP P DNG TRONG QU TRNH TM Hin nay c nhiu phng php nh gi tc ng mi trng c s dng trn th gii. Trong bo co ny s dng mt s phng php nh gi cc tc ng ca D n n mi trng. Phng php kho st thc a Phng php ny c tin hnh trong thng 06/2008 ti khu vc thc hin D n (KCN AMATA, phng Long Bnh, thnh ph Bin Ha, tnh ng Nai). Ni dung kho st bao gm: - Kho st iu kin a l t nhin, kinh t - x hi, c s h tng v hin trng mi trng ti khu vc D n. o c, ly mu khng kh, nc mt, nc ngm. - Quan st hin trng v ghi chp cc nhn xt trc quan v cc khu vc thc hin D n. Thu thp, tng hp cc s liu v ti liu lin quan n khu vc D n. Phng php phng on (Forecasting) Da trn nhng ti liu quc t v nhng D n c hot ng tng t kt hp vi kinh nghim phng on cc tc ng c th c ca D n n mi trng v KT-XH theo thi gian v khng gian. Phng php danh mc (Check List) Mi tng quan gia nh hng ca tng hot ng ca D n n tng vn mi trng c th hin trong bng lit k. Bao gm: - Lit k n gin, ch lit k cc nhn t mi trng cn c xem xt tng ng vi mt hot ng pht trin. - Lit k c m t, cng vi lit k cc nhn t mi trng c thuyt minh v s la chn cc nhn t , phng php thu thp, o c s liu ghi vo danh mc. - Lit k c ghi mc tc ng ti tng nhn t mi trng, bn cnh phn m t c ghi thm mc tc ng ca tng loi hot ng i vi tng nhn t. - Lit k c trng s ca tc ng, bn cnh phn m t c ghi thm o ca tc ng ca hot ng pht trin ti tng nhn t mi trng. - Danh mc dng cu hi, gm nhng cu hi lin quan n nhng kha cnh mi trng cn c nh gi.
Nh vy mt bng kim tra c xy dng tt s bao qut c tt c cc vn mi trng ca D n v cho php nh gi s b mc tc ng v nh hng cc tc ng c bn nht. Phng php danh mc c xy dng theo tng giai on khc nhau ca D n, trn c s nh hng cc ni dung nghin cu tc ng chi tit. Trong bo co TM ny, phng php checklist c s sng trong chng 3 lit k cc tc ng c th xy ra khi thc hin D n i vi cc thnh phn mi trng xung quanh. Phng php ny gip vic a ra cc bin php khc phc tc ng thch hp hn. Phng php nh gi nhanh (Quick Assessment) Cc phng php nh gi nhanh do Economopolus son tho, c T chc Sc kho Th gii (WHO) ban hnh nm 1993, c p dng tnh ti lng kh thi. Phng php ny c xy dng da trn vic thng k ti lng v thnh phn ca nc thi, kh thi ca nhiu D n trn khp th gii, t xc nh c ti lng tng tc nhn nhim. Nh c phng php ny, c th xc nh c ti lng v nng trung bnh cho tng hot ng ca D n m khng cn n thit b o c hay phn tch. Ngoi vai tr dng nh gi nhanh ti lng nhim nc, kh cc hot ng ca D n, phng php ny cn d bo mc , tc ng n mi trng do lan truyn nc thi vo ngun nc v kh thi vo vng khng kh phm vi no . Trong bo co TM ny, phng php nh gi nhanh c s sng trong chng 3 tnh ton lng nc thi sinh hot pht sinh. Phng php ny gip tnh ton c lng cht thi pht sinh mc no t c bin php gim thiu thch hp. Phng php ma trn mi trng (matrix) Phng php ma trn mi trng phi hp lit k cc hnh ng ca hot ng pht trin vi lit k nhng nhn t mi trng c th b tc ng vo mt ma trn. Hot ng lit k trn trc honh, nhn t mi trng trn trc tung, hoc ngc li. Cch lm ny cho php xem xt cc quan h nhn qu ca nhng tc ng khc nhau mt cch ng thi. Thng thng vic xem xt chung da trn s nh gi nh lng cc tc ng ring l trn tng nhn t. C th phn bit cc phng php ma trn c th sau: - Phng php ma trn tng tc n gin: Trc honh ghi cc hnh ng, trc tung ghi cc nhn t mi trng no th c nh du x, biu th c tc ng, nu khng th thi. C th xem phng php ny l mt dng danh mc mi trng ci tin, ng thi xem xt nhiu tc ng trn cng mt ti liu. - Phng php ma trn c nh lng hoc nh cp. Trn cc ca ma trn khng ch ghi cc tc ng khng hay c, m phi ghi mc v tm quan trng ca cc tc ng . Theo qui c ca Leopold, th mc tc ng c nh gi theo 10
cp. Khng tc ng th c im 1, tc ng nhiu nht ghi 10 im. Tm quan trng ca nhn t mi trng cng c ghi theo 10 cp. Ht sc quan trng c im 10, t quan trng nht c im 1. Vic cho im da vo cm tnh ca ngi nh gi, hoc nhm chuyn gia nh gi. Tm quan trng ca cc nhn t mi trng i vi hot ng pht trin c xc nh bng cch ly kin ca cc chuyn gia, da theo ma trn tng tc gia cc nhn t mi trng vi nhau. Mt nhn t c kh nng tc ng n nhiu nhn t khc c xem l quan trng hn nhng nhn t t nh hng n cc nhn t khc. Mc tc ng n cht lng mi trng ca tng nhn t c biu th bng mi quan h gia o ca nhn t vi ch tiu v cht lng mi trng. Trong bo co TM ny, phng php ma trn c s sng trong chng 3 nh gi mc quan trng ca cc tc ng c th xy ra khi thc hin D n i vi cc thnh phn mi trng xung quanh. Phng php ny cng gip vic a ra cc bin php khc phc tc ng thch hp hn.
KT LUN V KIN NGH
KT LUN
Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng cho D n Thnh lp cng ty TNHH SHISEIDO VIT NAM, cng sut 2.900 tn sn phm/ nm c thc hin theo mu hng dn nu trong Thng t s 08/2006/TT-BTNMT ngy 08/09/2006 ca B Ti nguyn Mi trng v Ngh nh s 80/2006/N-CP ngy 09/08/2006 ca Chnh ph nc Cng ha X hi Ch ngha Vit Nam. Trn c s nghin cu, phn tch, nh gi tc ng mi trng mt cch chi tit v ton din ca D n Thnh lp cng ty TNHH SHISEIDO VIT NAM, c th rt ra mt s kt lun chnh sau y: D n c thc hin v tr thun li, ph hp vi quy hoch tng th ca AMATA. D n s gp phn thc y pht trin kinh t - x hi phng Long Bnh, thnh ph Bin Ha ni ring v p ng nhu cu pht trin cng nghip ca tnh ng Nai ni chung, ng thi gp phn tng ngun thu cho ngn sch Nh nc, to nhiu cng n, vic lm v thu nhp cho lc lng lao ng ti a phng. Hin trng mi trng nn ti khu vc d n cha b nhim. y l cc thng s mi trng cho php nh gi nhng din bin v thay i trong cht lng mi trng ti khu vc d n di cc tc ng tiu cc do hot ng thi cng xy dng v hot ng lu di ca d n. Qu trnh thi cng xy dng v hot ng lu di ca D n c th gy ra mt s tc ng tiu cc ti kinh t - x hi v mi trng nu khng c cc bin php phng nga, khng ch, x l nhim mi trng. Cc tc ng c th l : Gy kh khn nht nh trong vic bo m an ninh trt t x hi v an ton giao thng trong khu vc; Gy nhim mi trng khng kh trn khu vc do bi, kh thi, ting n do hot ng xy dng, sn xut v vn ti; Gy nhim ngun nc do nc ma chy trn, nc thi sinh hot v sn xut pht sinh trong qu trnh xy dng v hot ng lu di ca d n; Gy nhim mi trng t do cht thi rn nguy hi, khng nguy hi v rc thi sinh hot pht sinh trong qu trnh xy dng v hot ng lu di ca d n; Gia tng nguy c xy ra s c mi trng.
Xut pht t vic nhn thc r trch nhim ca mnh trong nhim v bo v mi trng ti khu vc d n, Ch u t s u t kinh ph cho cng tc bo v mi trng d n v cam kt thc hin nghim chnh cc phng n phng nga, khng ch, x l nhim mi trng ra trong bo co TM d n
ny nhm bo m t hon ton cc tiu chun mi trng Vit Nam theo quy nh, bao gm: Phng n khng ch nhim khng kh; Phng n x l nc thi sinh hot v cng nghip, nc ma chy trn; Phng n khng ch nhim do cht thi rn; m bo din tch cy xanh, cc bin php ci thin iu kin vi kh hu, cc bin php v sinh an ton lao ng v cc bin php phng chng s c mi trng (chy n, ....).
Cc bin php khng ch nhim v hn ch cc tc ng c hi ca d n ti mi trng c xut trong bo co TM ny l nhng bin php kh thi, c th m bo cc tiu chun mi trng Vit Nam ban hnh.
KIN NGH
Kin ngh S Ti nguyn v Mi trng tnh ng Nai v cc c quan chc nng lin quan thm nh, ph chun bo co TM D n sm i vo hot ng v m bo tin u t D n.

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Bo Co nh Gi Tc ng Mi Trng

BAO CAO ANH GIA TAC ONG MOI TRNG

Cn c k thut Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng c thc hin da trn cc ngun ti liu v s liu sau y:

Nhin liu (LPG) Nc

Sn xut hng Sn xut hng lot lot Nc thi

Lm y Lm y Cht thi rn: Bn thi i gi i gi

Nc thi t qu trnh ra thng cha v ng ng

ng kin ng kin Cht thi rn

1. Quy trnh sn xut hng lot

Hnh 1. 1. Quy trnh sn xut hng lot

<LOI CHAI> CHUN B CHAI Hnh LM Y Hnh LP NT Hnh NG NT Hnh

<LOI KEM> CHUN B HP Hnh

<LOI TUT> CHUN B TUT Hnh LM Y V LP NT NG GI Hnh NG KIN Hnh

Danh sch my mc thit b Bng 1. 2. Danh sch my mc thit b c tnh k thut

I. Thit b sn xut + Cho sn xut hng lot

Thp khng r 0,5-3 tn ng chai Lm kem (cream) Vo ng tup Tin ch

+ Cho cng ngh rt y

0 H thng thng tin 1

Nhp khu hoc Vietnam

Cht bo qun Cht m Hng liu

6ton 4ton 4ton

Cng 11 38 116 15 180

CHNG 2: IU KIN T NHIN, MI TRNG V KINH T - X HI

Nhit trung bnh thng cao nht : 29,4oC

m ti thp 2.1.1.4 Ch nng

KPH 0,002 0,025 0,033

CHNG III NH GI CC TC NG MI TRNG

Ngun pht sinh cht thi dng kh

gLPG = 0,7168 kg/m3

03 Cc cht hu c 04 Cht rn l lng 05 Cc cht dinh dng (N,P) 06 Cc vi khun gy bnh

07 Cc kim loi nng

CHNG IV BIN PHP GIM THIU TC NG XU, PHNG NGA V NG PH S C MI TRNG

Nc thi sinh hot

Cng thot nc ma KCN

H thng thot nc thi KCN

Nh my XLNT tp trung KCN

B TIP NHN 1 B TIP NHN 2

KEO T TCH NC B CHA BN 2

Rc sinh hot Cht thi rn sinh hot

Nhm giy (hp, ti, giy sng lt)

Cht thi rn sn xut khng nguy hi

Nhm Kim loi (thng, hp)

Nhm nha (bnh, chai, ti nha)

Hp ng vi KCN AMATA thu gom

Cht thi rn nguy hi

Thu gom, lu tr v hp ng vi n v c chc nng x l.

CHNG V CAM KT THC HIN BIN PHP MI TRNG

CHNG 6 CC CNG TRNH X L MI TRNG, CHNG TRNH QUN L V GIM ST MI TRNG

Gim st mi trng Gim st cht lng khng kh xung quanh

TCVN 5937-2005 TCVN 5949-1998

Gim st bn d t trm XLNT tp trung

Gim st kh thi ti ngun:

Gim st mi trng Gim st cht lng khng kh xung quanh

Tn s gim st: 2 ln/nm. Tiu chun so snh:

TCVN 5937-2005 TCVN 5949-1998

n gi (VND) 70.000 20.000 70.000 70.000 70.000

Tng cng (VN) 560.000 160.000 560.000 560.000 560.000 2.400.000

Bi Nhit SO2 NO2 CO