Mysql Replication

Advanced MySQL
Replicate & Optimize !
PHPSCHOOL
loveme@phpschool.com
1
http://phpschool.com
Contents
Quick Survey
What is MySQL?
MySQL Architecture
MySQL Tables
Replication
Replication process
Replication situation
Replication Layout
L4 Load Balancing
Replication setup
Troubleshooting
MySQL monitoring
PHPSCHOOL System Layout
2
About me
http://phpschool.com administrator
Using MySQL : Since 1998
Yahoo! Korea Communications team
In charge of Kr.club.yahoo.com
Quick Survey
MySQL
MySQL
3.23 vs. 4.0

PHP, C/C++, Perl ,Java
Replication
What is MySQL?
RDBMS(Relational Database Server)
SQL , ,

local remote
Very Fast
Reliable
Scalable
Inexpensive
Oracle
5
What is MySQL?
Full-text Search Indexing
2byte
Replication
Query Cache
UNIONs
SSL (Encrypted connections)
Multi-Table Deletes
Why MySQL?
Speed
MySQL DB
Features

Limit, full-text ,
API
C, C++, C#, Java, Perl, PHP, Python, Ruby,
Why MySQL?
Simplicity
(10 )
DBA
Cost
H/W

Scale
Replication
TODO list
Replication over SSL (4.1)

Multiple Character Sets (4.1)
Sub-queries (4.1)
Views (5.x)
Stored Procedures (5.x)
XML Output/Query (?)
MySQL Architecture
Connection Management/Security
SQL Parsing/Execution/Caching
Storage Engines
MyISAM
InnoDB
HEAP
NDB
(default)
(transactions)
(in-memory)
(clustered)
10
MyISAM Tables

Table Locking
/

Logging applications
11
MyISAM Tables

DB
/usr/local/mysql/data/PHPSCHOOL
3
mytable.frm
mytable.MYI
mytable.MYD

Rows !
12
InnoDB Tables
Oracle
row-level locks
/
Non-locking SELECT
transaction
Foreign key

Transaction

13
InnoDB Tables

tablespace

Row
Redo/Undo
Transaction
transaction

Rows
buffer pool
14
HEAP Tables
memory

HEAP
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE
15
NDB Tables
Alzato NDB

/
http://www.mysql.com/press/release_2003_30.html
MySQL AB Acquires Alzato
16
Replication
MySQL LOG Replication
Master
binary log ( = binlog = replication log )
Slaves binlog
IO (relay) thread SQL thread
Replication
Master/slave
Master/Master (dual-master)
Master/slave/slave (chained slaves)

http://www.mysql.com/doc/en/Replication.html
17
Replication process
Master
Slave
BINLOG
Client
Logging
Insert
Update
Delete
1.Insert
2.Update
3.Delete
4..
Insert
Update
Delete
IO Thread
SQL Thread
DB/Tables
Insert
Update
Delete
DB/Tables
18
Replication situation
[Master]
[root@db data]# ls db*
db-bin.001 db-bin.010
[Slave]
[root@www1 data]# ls *relay* master*
master.info
www1-relay-bin.009
relay-log.info www1-relay-bin.index
[root@www1 data]#
db-bin.019
db-bin.020
db-bin.021
db-bin.022
db-bin.023
db-bin.index
db-slow.log
db.phpschool.com.err
db.phpschool.com.pid
mysql> show slave status \G

*************************** 1. row ***************************
Master_Host: 210.118.169.50
Master_User: repl
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_retry: 60
Master_Log_File: db-bin.023
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 111148
Relay_Log_File: www1-relay-bin.009
Relay_Log_Pos: 778804537
Relay_Master_Log_File: db-bin.023
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_do_db: PHPSCHOOL,LOVESERA
Replicate_ignore_db: mysql.user
Last_errno: 0
Last_error:
Skip_counter: 0
Exec_master_log_pos: 111148
Relay_log_space: 778804537
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show master status ;

+------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File
| Position | Binlog_do_db | Binlog_ignore_db |
+------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| db-bin.023 | 112198 |
|
|
+------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
mysql>
mysql>
19
Replication Layout
Master/Slave Replication
Master
Slave
Slave
20
Slave
Replication Layout
Dual-Master Replication

Auto-Increment
primary
Master
Master
21
Replication Layout
Complex Replication
Master
Master
Slave
Slave
Slave
Slave
Slave
22
Replication Layout
Two Data
Local Master
Master
Slave
Slave
Slave
23
Slave
L4 Load Balancing
L4 Switch
Read Connection
Slave
Slave
Slave
Write Connection
Master
24
Replication setup
1. MySQL
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
groupadd mysql
useradd -g mysql mysql
cd /usr/local
gunzip < /path/to/mysql-VERSION-OS.tar.gz | tar xvf ln -s full-path-to-mysql-VERSION-OS mysql
cd mysql
scripts/mysql_install_db
chown -R root .
chown -R mysql data
chgrp -R mysql .
bin/safe_mysqld --user=mysql &
25
Replication setup
2. Master repl
mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO repl@'%'
IDENTIFIED BY 'replpasswd';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
LOAD TABLE FROM MASTER LOAD

DATA FROM MASTER
.
mysql> GRANT SUPER , RELOAD ON *.* TO repl@'%'
IDENTIFIED BY 'replpasswd';
26
Replication setup
3. master snap-shot
3.1 READ LOCK
.
mysql> FLUSH TABLES WITH READ LOCK;
3.2
# tar cvfpz ./master_snap.tgz .
# tar cvfpz ./master_snap.tgz ./PHPSCHOOL
( DB repl.)
master.info ,relay-log.info
, replication slave
27
Replication setup
3.3 binlog
mysql> SHOW MASTER STATUS;
+------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_do_db | Binlog_ignore_db |
+------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| db-bin.004 | 7138|
| |
+------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
3.4 Lock .
mysql>
UNLOCK TABLES;
3.5 Slave .
28
Replication setup
4. Master binlog .
/etc/my.cnf .
[mysqld]
log-bin
server-id=1
mysql.server restart .
5. slave my.cnf
[mysqld]
server-id=2
: master . slave
. 1.
29
Replication setup
6. master
slave start data
. .
7. slave start
1) repl
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO
MASTER_HOST='210.118.169.99',
MASTER_USER='repl',
MASTER_PASSWORD='replpasswd',
MASTER_LOG_FILE='db-bin.004',
MASTER_LOG_POS=7138 ;
mysql> start slave;
data/master.info .c
30
Replication setup
2) /etc/my.cnf mysql.server start
(master.info )
#vi my.cnf
....
server-id
= 2
master-host
= 210.118.169.50
master-user
= repl
master-password = repl
master-port
= 3306
slave-skip-errors=all
replicate-ignore-db
= mysql.user
replicate-do-db
= PHPSCHOOL
replicate-ignore-table = PHPSCHOOL.adviews
....
# mysql.server start
* http://www.mysql.com/doc/en/Replication_Options.html
31
Replication setup
8. Master/Slave Status
[master]
mysql> show master status;
+------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File
| Position | Binlog_do_db | Binlog_ignore_db |
+------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| db-bin.004 | 7032623 |
|
|
+------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
32
Replication setup
[slave]
mysql> show slave status \G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Master_Host: 210.118.169.**
Master_User: repl
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_retry: 60
Master_Log_File: db-bin.004
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 11595623
Relay_Log_File: www1-relay-bin.002
Relay_Log_Pos: 427515
Relay_Master_Log_File: db-bin.004
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_do_db: PHPSCHOOL
Replicate_ignore_db: mysql.user
Last_errno: 0
Last_error:
Skip_counter: 0
Exec_master_log_pos: 11595623
Relay_log_space: 427515
33
Replication setup
9. process list
[master]
mysql> SHOW PROCESSLIST ;
+-------+--------+-----------+--------+-------------+------+----------------------------------+--------+
| Id
| User
| Host
| db
| Command
| Time | State
| Info
|
+-------+--------+-----------+--------+-------------+------+----------------------------------+--------+
| 44980 | repl
| p2:36630 | NULL
| Binlog Dump | 283 | Slave: waiting for binlog update | NULL
|
....
[slave]
mysql> SHOW PROCESSLIST
\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Id: 1
User: system user
Host:
db: NULL
Command: Connect
Time: 3028861
State: Waiting for master to send event
Info: NULL
*************************** 2. row ***************************
Id: 2
User: system user
Host:
db: NULL
Command: Connect
Time: 4294967272
State: Has read all relay log; waiting for the I/O slave thread to update it
Info: NULL
34
Troubleshooting

,

Replication
Slave
Slave
http://www.mysql.com/doc/en/Replication_Features.html
Slave

35
Troubleshooting

CPU 100%

DNS

I/O

RAID

36
Monitoring
OS
Disk
CPU / Memory
MySQL
Performance (queries/sec)
Cache
Connections
37
MySQL monitoring
SHOW FULL PROCESSLIST
clients

SHOW STATUS
MySQL
,
SHOW VARIABLES
( )
mytop
MySQL
38
MySQL monitoring
Mytop :
http://jeremy.zawodny.com/mysql/mytop/
39
MySQL monitoring
Mytop : Command stats
40
MySQL monitoring
mysqlrrd
41
MySQL monitoring
#mysqladmin -uroot -plove -i3 status
42
MySQL monitoring
class of mysql status -
43
http://linuxchannel.net/
PHPSCHOOL System Layout

WWW1
WWW2
www1 / www2
P4 CPU 1.8 GHz
512 M / 40 G
Red Hat 8.0
HTML Data
RSYNC
MySQL
Replication
TCP/IP Sockets
DNS / backup
MySQL DBMS
MySQL
Cool Backup
DNS / backup
P4 1.3GHz
256 M / 40 G
Red Hat 8.0
DBMS
AMD Opteron 1.4G
RAM 2 GByte
SCSI 40G
Red Hat 8.0 x86_64
44
Q&A
45
loveme@phpschool.com
46

Mysql Replication

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Advanced MySQL

Replicate & Optimize !

Replication over SSL (4.1)

mysql> show slave status \G

mysql> show master status ;

LOAD TABLE FROM MASTER LOAD

PHPSCHOOL System Layout

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