CACBOHI RAT : Cn(H2O)m (OH)n ; C=O

Monosaccarit (C6H12O6) Khng b th y phn Glucoz

OH

isaccarit (C12H22O11) Th y phn cho 2 monosaccarit Fructoz Saccaroz 1. C u t o: ch c nhm OH 2. Tnh ch t ha h c - Ph n ng th y phn
H C12 H 22 O11 + H 2 O C6 H12 O6 + C6 H12O 6
+

1. C u t o: CH2CHCHCHCHCHO OH OH OH OH OH

CH2CHCHCHCCH2 OH OH OH OH O OH

Glucoz Fructoz - T o ph c v i Cu(OH)2 nhi t th ng

Hy i n tn lo i Cacbohi rat thch h p vo tr ng

2. Tnh ch t ha h c a. Tnh ch t c a ancol a ch c - V i Cu(OH)2 t o ph c mu xanh lam (nhi t - V i este h u c este c 5 g c axit. b. Tnh ch t c a an ehit * Tnh kh :
0

- Gi ng: tnh ch t ha h c c a glucz. - Khc: khng lm m t mu dung d ch Br2 th ng) Tinh b t 1. C u t o: - M ch khng phn nhnh (amiloz). - M ch phn nhnh (amilopectin). 2. Tnh ch t ha h c - Ph n ng th y phn:
H (C6 H10O5 )n + nH 2O nC6 H12 O6
+

Polisaccarit (C6H10O5)n B th y phn Xenluloz 1. C u t o: m ch khng phn nhnh, c 3 nhm OH [C6H7O2(OH)3]n 2. Tnh ch t ha h c - Ph n ng th y phn:
H (C6 H10O5 )n + nH 2O nC6 H12 O6
+

t - V i AgNO3/NH3 2Ag (ph n ng trng b c) t0 - V i Cu(OH)2/OH Cu2O (k t t a g ch) (*) - V i dung d ch Br2 (m t mu dung d ch brom) RCHO + Br2 + 2H2O RCOOH + 2HBr * Tnh oxi ha: v i H2 t o sobitol (r u c 6 nhm OH). 3. Ph n ng ln men: men C6 H12 O6 2C2 H 5OH + 2CO 2 4. i u ch : th y phn tinh b t ho c xenluloz. * Ch : Ph n ng (*) n m trong h ng d n gi m t i c a BGD T nm 2011 2012.

Glucoz - Ph n ng este ha + V i HNO3 xenluloz trinitrat (thu c n ) + V i (CH3CO)2O xenluloz triaxetat (t axetat). H SO t [C6H7O2 (OH)3 ]n + 3HNO3 C6H7O2 ( ONO2 )3 + 3nH2O n - Tan trong n c svayde [Cu(OH)2/NH3)]
0 2 4 dac,

Glucoz - Ph n ng mu v i dung d ch I2 => mu xanh tm (dng nh n bi t h tinh b t). 3. S t o thnh tinh b t trong t nhin
H2 O, as 6nCO2 + 5nH 2O (C6 H10O5 )n + O2 clorofin

Bin so n theo SGK Ha h c 12 c b n

Copyright by Vo Ngoc Binh, Journal of teaching and learning chemistry