Managing Win 2008

Hands-On Microsoft Windows Server 2008
Chapter 8 p Managing Windows Server 2008 Network Services
Objectives
Install, configure Install configure, and troubleshoot DNS Implement Microsoft WINS Install, configure Install configure, and troubleshoot DHCP Install, configure, and troubleshoot Microsoft Internet Information Services
Implementing Microsoft DNS

Domain Name System (DNS)
A TCP/IP application protocol that enables a DNS server to resolve (translate):
Domain and computer names to IP addresses IP addresses to domain and computer names
DNS servers provide th DNS namespace f an id the for enterprise One of the requirements for using Active Directory on a Windows Server 2008 network is to have a DNS server on the network
Hands-On Microsoft Windows Server 2008 3
Installing DNS Services

DNS is installed as a server role in Windows Server 2008 The installation steps for DNS are similar to those for p DHCP
Both are installed as Windows components
Installing DNS Services (continued)

Activity 8-1: Installing DNS
Time Required: Approximately 10 minutes Objective: Learn how to install DNS j
DNS Zones
DNS name resolution is enabled through the use of tables of information
That link computer names and IP addresses p
The tables are associated with partitions in a DNS server that are called zones
Contain resource records
Forward lookup zone

Th zone that li k computer names to IP addresses The h links dd Holds host name records called address records
DNS Zones (continued)

In IP version 4 a host record is called a host 4, address (A) resource record An IPv6 record is called an IPv6 host address (AAAA) resource record When you install DNS on a domain controller (DC) in a domain
A forward lookup zone is automatically created for the domain with the DNS servers address record already server s entered

Activity 8-2: Creating a Reverse Lookup Zone
Time Required: Approximately 10 minutes Objective: Learn how to create a reverse lookup zone j p
10

Activity 8-3: Manually Creating DNS Host Address A Resource Records
Time Required: Approximately 15 minutes q pp y Objective: Create a Host Address A Resource Record
11
Using the DNS Dynamic Update Protocol

Microsoft DNS is also called Dynamic DNS (DDNS) f S S( S)
A modern form of DNS that enables client computers and DHCP servers to automatically register IP addresses
DNS dynamic update protocol

Enables information in a DNS server to be automatically updated in coordination with DHCP
12
Using the DNS Dynamic Update Protocol (continued)

Activity 8 Verifying the DNS Dynamic Update 8-4: f S Configuration
Time Required: Approximately 5 minutes Objective: Verify that DNS is configured to be dynamically updated using the DNS dynamic update protocol
13
DNS Replication p
Primary DNS server
The DNS server that is the main administrative server for a zone and thus is also the authoritative server for that zone
Secondary DNS server

Contains a copy of the primary DNS servers zone database, but is not used for administration (is not authoritative) th it ti ) Obtains that copy through a zone transfer over the network
DNS Replication ( p (continued) )

Vital services performed by secondary DNS servers:
To make sure that there is a copy of the primary DNS servers data To enable DNS load balancing among a primary DNS server and its secondary servers To reduce congestion in one part of the network
If you use Active Directory and have two or more DCs

Plan to set up Microsoft DNS services on at least two of the DCs
Stub Zone
Stub zone has only the bare necessities for DNS functions, which are copies of the following:
SOA record zone Name server (NS) records to identify authoritative servers A record f name servers th t are authoritative d for that th it ti
One common use for a stub zone is to help quickly resolve computer names
Between two different namespaces
16
Additional DNS Server Roles

It is common to designate one DNS server to forward name resolution requests to a specific remote DNS server A DNS server can function as a caching server
A caching server is used to provide fast queries because th results of each query are stored i RAM b the lt f h t d in One limitation of using caching servers is that it takes time for each one to build up a comprehensive set of resolved names to IP addresses
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Creating a DNS Implementation Plan g p

Recommendations
Implement Windows Server 2008 DNS servers instead of other versions of DNS, and use Active Directory Di t Plan to locate a DNS server across most site links Create two or more DNS servers to take advantage of the load balancing Designate one DNS server as a forwarder to reduce traffic The number of DNS servers that you set up can be related to your analysis of an organization
DNS Enhancements
Microsoft DNS servers now include support for IPv6 Background zone loading g g
This means that a DNS server that has a large number of entries in its zones can load those entries as a b k background process d
DNS server can be housed on a Read-Only Domain Controller (RODC) for branch offices
20
Troubleshooting DNS g
Activity 8-5: Checking the DNS Server and Client Services
Time Required: Approximately 5 minutes q pp y Objective: Verify that the DNS Server and Client services are started
21
Troubleshooting DNS ( g (continued) )
22
Troubleshooting DNS ( g (continued) )

Activity 8-6: Checking Log Entries for DNS
Time Required: Approximately 10 minutes Objective: Check the log information about p j g possible DNS errors
23
Implementing Microsoft WINS p g

Windows Internet Naming Service (WINS)
Used to register NetBIOS computer names and map them to IP addresses for any systems that use NetBIOS N tBIOS name resolution l ti
WINS automatically registers network clients that use NetBIOS

Builds a database that other network clients can query in order to locate a computer
WINS consists of two main parts: the WINS server and the WINS database
Implementing Microsoft WINS (continued) ( ti d)

Activity 8 7: Installing WINS 8-7:
Time Required: Approximately 10 minutes Objective: Learn how to install WINS
25
Implementing Microsoft DHCP p g

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)
Enables a Windows Server 2008 server with DHCP services to detect the presence of a new workstation Assign an IP address to that workstation
The DHCP server has a pre-assigned range of IP addresses that it can give to a new client Microsoft DHCP server can support the following:
D Dynamic configuration of DNS server f i fi ti f forward and d d reverse lookup zone records Up to 1000 different scopes Up to 10,000 DHCP clients
Implementing Microsoft DHCP (continued) ( ti d)

A Windows Server 2008 server can be configured in the role of a DHCP server using Microsoft DHCP services The DHCP server automatically updates the DNS server at the time it assigns an IP address
Using dynamic DNS updates can significantly save time in creating DNS lookup zone records
27

A Microsoft DHCP server can also:
Reserve an IP address for a specific computer Update all computers on a network for a p p p particular change in DHCP settings Provide DHCP services to multiple subnetworks Omit certain IP addresses from a scope
28

Activity 8-8: Installing DHCP
Time Required: Approximately 15 minutes Objective: Learn how to install DHCP j
29
Configuring a DHCP Server g g

First set up one or more scopes of contiguous First, address ranges and activate each scope Configuring a scope includes the following:
Obtain the range of addresses to be used Determine the subnet mask for the range of addresses g Decide on a name for the scope, such as naming it to reflect the name of a department or division in your organization Decide how long to lease IP addresses Determine whether to exclude specific addresses
Configuring a DHCP Server (continued) ( ti d)

Second authorize the DHCP server Second,
The process of authorizing the server is a security precaution to make sure IP addresses are only assigned by DHCP servers that are managed by network and server administrators
Third a step that is not required, but that saves time Third, required in managing DNS, is to configure the DHCP server and its clients to automatically update DNS records y p
31

Activity 8-9: Configuring DHCP Scopes
Time Required: Approximately 15 minutes Objective: Learn how to configure a DHCP scope j g p
32

Activity 8-10: Configuring Automatic DNS Registration
Time Required: Approximately 10 minutes q pp y Objective: Verify that a DHCP server is configured to automatically register IP addresses with a DNS server
33
DHCPv6 Support pp
Windows Server 2008 and Windows Vista both enable a network to use Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol for IPv6 (DHCPv6)
For networks that are working to implement IPv6
The Microsoft implementation of DHCPv6

Follows the official standard for DHCPv6 Supports both stateful and stateless autoconfiguration
34
Troubleshooting DHCP g
Table 8-3 presents several typical problems and their resolutions
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Implementing Microsoft Internet Information Services I f ti S i

Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS)
Software included with Windows Server 2008 that enables you to offer a complete Web site
Internet Server Application Programming Interface (ISAPI)

A group of DLL (dynamic link lib f (d i li k library) fil th t are ) files that applications and filters
Web Server (IIS) role services

World Wide Web File Transfer Protocol (FTP) Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)
Implementing Microsoft Internet Information Services (continued) I f ti S i ( ti d)

Windows Server 2008 is a good candidate for a Web server for several reasons
Windows Server 2008s privileged-mode architecture p g and fault-tolerance capabilities Windows Server 2008 is compatible with small and large databases
Users can log in to a database through the IIS Open Database Connectivity (ODBC) drivers
Compatible with Microsoft Point-to-Point Encryption (MPPE) security, IP Security (IPsec), and the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) encryption technique

IIS is newly designed for Windows Server 2008
Broken into modules or features so that you can install only the features you need Presents a smaller attack surface and makes IIS more efficient
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Activity 8-11: Installing IIS
Time Required: Approximately 15 minutes Objective: Learn how to install IIS j
41
Internet Information Services (IIS) Manager

Through this tool, you can do the following:
Connect to a Web server on your computer or remotely connect to a Web server, an application, or site it Have connections to multiple Web servers, applications, applications and sites Manage a Web server Manage ASP.NET Manage authorization for users and for specific Web server roles
Internet Information Services (IIS) Manager

Through this tool, you can do the following: (continued)
Manage Web server logging Compress Web server files Manage code modules and worker processes Manage server certificates M tifi t Troubleshoot a Web server
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Creating a Virtual Directory g y

Virtual directory
A physical folder or a redirection to a Uniform Resource Locator (URL) that points to a folder
So that it can be accessed over the Internet, an intranet, or VPN
The reason for creating a virtual directory is to provide a shortcut path to specific IIS server content When you set up a virtual directory you give it an directory, alias
A name to identify it to a Web browse
Creating a Virtual Directory (continued) ( ti d)
46

After a virtual directory is created, you can modify its created properties in IIS Manager You can set up the virtual directory to be shared p y
So that users who need access to add contents to the directory can do this over the network
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Activity 8-12: Creating a Virtual Directory
Time Required: Approximately 10 minutes Objective: Set up a virtual directory j p y
50
Managing and Configuring an IIS Web Server

The Internet Information Services tool enables you to manage IIS components including the following:
Application p pp pools Sites SMTP e-mail Certificates
Application pools enable you to group similar Web applications into pools or groups for management Sites is a folder used to manage multiple Web sites from one administrative Web server
Managing and Configuring an IIS Web Server ( S (continued) ti d)

The SMTP E-mail Page feature is used to manage Internet e-mail via e-mail programs
Takes advantage of the application p g g pp programming g interface, system.net.mail
Through the certificates feature, you can configure and monitor certificate security th t is used with d it tifi t it that i d ith other Web sites
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Managing and Configuring an IIS Web Server ( S (continued) ti d)

Activity 8-13: Configuring a Web Site
Time Required: Approximately 15 minutes Objective: Learn basic Web site configuration j g
55
Troubleshooting a Web Server g

Occasionally a Web server can experience problems, such as users not being able to connect to the server Table 8-8 lists possible problems and their solutions
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Summary y
DNS is used to resolve domain and computer names to IP addresses and vice versa Before you install DNS, ensure that the server to house thi role h a static address h this l has t ti dd After you install DNS as a server role, the next step is to configure forward and reverse lookup zones zones, as well as DNS resource records When you configure Dynamic DNS, you enable automated IP address registration in a coordinated way with a DHCP server
Summary ( y (continued) )
Plan to set up two or more DNS servers on most networks DNS enhancements in Windows Server 2008 include IPv6 i l d IP 6 support, b k t background zone l di d loading, and DNS on Read-Only Domain Controllers Windows Server 2008 provides WINS for NetBIOS name and IP address lookup DHCP dynamically leases IP addresses to client computers Configuring DHCP involves configuring scopes
Summary ( y (continued) )
Windows Server 2008 includes an enhancement to DHCP that supports DHCPv6 To create a Windows Server 2008 Web server, implement Internet Information Services i l tI t tI f ti S i Create IIS virtual directories to enable multiple users to publish information on a Web site Use standard NTFS and share permissions to protect virtual directories After you install a Web server, configure it to customize features

Managing Win 2008

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Managing Win 2008

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Hands-On Microsoft Windows Server 2008

Chapter 8 p Managing Windows Server 2008 Network Services

Hands-On Microsoft Windows Server 2008

Implementing Microsoft DNS

Installing DNS Services

Hands-On Microsoft Windows Server 2008

Installing DNS Services (continued)

Hands-On Microsoft Windows Server 2008

Forward lookup zone

Hands-On Microsoft Windows Server 2008

DNS Zones (continued)

Hands-On Microsoft Windows Server 2008

Hands-On Microsoft Windows Server 2008

Hands-On Microsoft Windows Server 2008

DNS Zones (continued)

Hands-On Microsoft Windows Server 2008

DNS Zones (continued)

Hands-On Microsoft Windows Server 2008

Using the DNS Dynamic Update Protocol

DNS dynamic update protocol

Hands-On Microsoft Windows Server 2008

Using the DNS Dynamic Update Protocol (continued)

Hands-On Microsoft Windows Server 2008

Secondary DNS server

DNS Replication ( p (continued) )

If you use Active Directory and have two or more DCs

Hands-On Microsoft Windows Server 2008

Additional DNS Server Roles

Hands-On Microsoft Windows Server 2008

Hands-On Microsoft Windows Server 2008

Creating a DNS Implementation Plan g p

Hands-On Microsoft Windows Server 2008

Hands-On Microsoft Windows Server 2008

Troubleshooting DNS ( g (continued) )

Hands-On Microsoft Windows Server 2008

Troubleshooting DNS ( g (continued) )

Hands-On Microsoft Windows Server 2008

Implementing Microsoft WINS p g

WINS automatically registers network clients that use NetBIOS

Implementing Microsoft WINS (continued) ( ti d)

Hands-On Microsoft Windows Server 2008

Implementing Microsoft DHCP p g

Implementing Microsoft DHCP (continued) ( ti d)

Hands-On Microsoft Windows Server 2008

Implementing Microsoft DHCP (continued) ( ti d)

Hands-On Microsoft Windows Server 2008

Implementing Microsoft DHCP (continued) ( ti d)

Hands-On Microsoft Windows Server 2008

Configuring a DHCP Server g g

Configuring a DHCP Server (continued) ( ti d)

Hands-On Microsoft Windows Server 2008

Configuring a DHCP Server (continued) ( ti d)

Hands-On Microsoft Windows Server 2008

Configuring a DHCP Server (continued) ( ti d)

Hands-On Microsoft Windows Server 2008

The Microsoft implementation of DHCPv6

Hands-On Microsoft Windows Server 2008

Hands-On Microsoft Windows Server 2008

Hands-On Microsoft Windows Server 2008

Implementing Microsoft Internet Information Services I f ti S i

Internet Server Application Programming Interface (ISAPI)

Web Server (IIS) role services

Implementing Microsoft Internet Information Services (continued) I f ti S i ( ti d)