:

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.
. .
. . .
. . .

1o :

0
0

f , g :
lim f = lim g = 0
xx 0

xx 0

lim

xx 0

f
f
f
, : lim
= lim

xx 0 g
xx 0 g
g

2o :

f , g :
lim f = lim g = +
xx 0

xx 0

lim

xx 0

f
g

: lim

xx 0

f
f
= lim

xx 0 g
g

Rolle

. 0 , + .
. 2 :

+
,
,

.
.

.
.

1
De L Hospital :
:

lim

xx 0

f
.
g

:
+

: lim 2
0

lim ln + 1

1
= 0

= 0.

1
1
1

= lim

lim
0 ln + 1
0
1/ + 1
2

2 -

0
, :
0
(1)

 lim
0

1
1
, < 0
, : lim =
+, > 0
0

De L Hospital, :
1
, 0

ln + 1
2

1

:
ln + 1

(2)

: lim
0

ln + 1
0

lim

= 0,

0
ln + 1
1
De L Hospital = lim
=
lim
= 1.
0
0 + 1
0

1
= 0 = 0
: lim
0 ln + 1
1
2

2
De L Hospital
, .

lim

0 e

3
+1

0
0

De L

= lim

+
3 2

0 e

+1

De L = lim

0 e

= 0.

Rolle

3

,
.
0 0 .

+ +

De L Hospital,
. :
2 0, :

lim

++

+ 2

+
= lim
+
+

1
1++1

1
+2

++ +

+1+ +43
+1+ +43
= lim
=
2
0
0
+
2 +
1
1
1 1
+
2 +1 2 +4 2+4 3
= lim
=
=
0
2 + 1
1
4
lim

4 -

1+0+1
= 1.
0+2

4
: 0.
:

. lim 2 e
+

. + ( ) . ( )

2
2
lim
=
lim
+ e
+ e

De L H

2 +
De L Hospital =
+ e +

= lim

+
De L Hospital
+

ln

+ . 0

+ + ,

, .
0

. lim+ ln = lim+

2
= 0.
+ e

= lim

,
ln 1

1 1
.
0 0

1
2 ln

=
ln 1
1 ln

(1)

Rolle

5
: = +
, , P

f = +

lim f , :

eP

De L Hospital, .

. +

. : + ,
, 2 :
lim

e2 2 + = lim

. lim ln2 2 + 2
+

: lim

lim
+

lim

ln2

= lim

e2
1
1+
2

= lim

ln2

, De L = lim

1
ln2 + 2 + 1

(1)

= u0

1 1
2 + +

ln2

= lim

= lim
u0

u
u

= 0

= 1 , :

= + 0 2 + 1 + 0 = .

6 -

6
lim f
0

: ,

y f
y eg

.lnf

, f > 0

u = g . lnf :
lim u = , + .

: = lim eu .
u

. +

. +

. : lim+ 00 = lim+ e ln (1)

0

: lim+ ln
0

0.

= lim+
0

1
lim
= lim+ = 0 ,
1
0+
0
2

ln
1

1 :

, De L
+

lim = e0 = 1.

0+

Rolle

,
,
: F = f , .

.
!
. f F
.

f =

1
1

=

2

= , 0 0, + F = f A.
:
: F = f A, F
f , .
:
F f

, 0

0, + .

. : f
, .
8 -


.
.

ln

+1
, 1
+1

1
2

1
2

1
, 0

f ()
f()
f f ()
f ()
f2
f ()
2 f ()

ln f()

f +1
+1
1

f ()
f ()

f ()f ()

f ()

f ()f ()

f ()

1
2

f ()
2 f ()

f (

10

1
2

f ()
2 f ()

f ()

11

f ()ef ()

ef ()

12

ln

f ()f () ln

f ()
ln

Rolle

 :

,

()

Cf (, f )

(,f())

Cf
(,f())
()

(,f())

Rolle : f = 0,
, .

,
, .

f
1 , 2 1 < 2 , f
,
1 , 2 .
10 -

 1 , 2 f = 0,
: f = 0.

1 , 2 , f = 0,
0 , : f = 0.

f f
1 , 2 , 3 , f
1 , 2 f .
: f
+ 1 , f

f 0, , f = 0,
.

f 0 , f 1 1.
Rolle)

.
,
.
Rolle

11

 Rolle

:
=

+ + + ,
+ . + + , >

, , ,
Rolle f, : = , .

f 1,0), (0,1 ,
f1 = 2 + 3 + 1 + 1

. Rolle

f2 = 2 + 1 ln + 1 +

, .
f = 0, :
lim f = lim+ f = f 0

= .

()

1,1 , :
f 1 = f 1

+1=1+

= , :

==

()

: f = 2 + 3 + 3 + 1 , 1,0
12 -

1,1 .

f = 2 + . ln + 1 +

1
, 0,1 .
+1

= 0, :
lim

f f 0
f f 0
= lim+
0
0
0

lim

f 1
f 1
= lim+

f 1
2 + 3 + 1
: lim
= lim
=
0
0

lim + 3 + 1

lim

= lim + 3 lim + 1 lim

= 3.
0
0
0

f 1
=3

(3)

:
f 1
2 + 1 ln + 1
lim+
= lim+
=
0
0

lim+ + lim+ 1 lim+

T lim+
0

lim+

ln + 1
= 0 + . 1 . 1 =

(4)

ln + 1
, De L Hosp.

ln + 1

0
ln + 1
1
= lim+
= lim+
= 1.
0
0 + 1
0

3 4 : = 3

= .

: = = = .
Rolle

13

 :
: , < < + = .
f

= = , :

. :
= ,
Rolle , .
. ,
=

. g

, :

g = f f f 2 = g = f 2. (1)
: g = g :
f f 2 = f f 2
: =

f f

2 2

. . .R. ,
f 2 = 0

f 2 = f 2

: g = 0
f f
f = 2 = + . 2
2
f f
f =

14 -

' O
f(x)=0

, :
Bolzano ,
Rolle f ,
Rolle ,

, ,
< , = . :
+ = ,
, .

: f 1 = 0 f 2 = 0. (1)
eg
f eg

+ f g eg

=0

f eg

: h = f eg

:
= 0.

, 1 , 2 .

h .R, .
Rolle

15

f = 2 1, g = .
: f = 0

= 1, = 1.

f( x) x2 1

f + f g = 0,

2 + 2 1 = 0

y h'( x)

h = f eg
2

h = 1 e .

h( x) e x ( x2 1)

f ,
:

(1)

, .

:
. .

. f

, .

. = 0 1 : f 0 0 f 0 0,
: f 0 0 = : f 0
: f 0 . f 0.
. f 0, : f 0
0, . . : f 0 0, . (1)
16 -

 0,

f f 0
f ( ) f
0
f2
g =

, 0,
f

f f
0
f2

(2)

2 : g 0.

g . Rolle 0, , :
.
0,
g 0 = g = 0. g = 0

0, , (2).
' O
f(x)0

f = 0,
, Cf
. :

f .
: f = 0
1 , 2
Rolle 1 , 2 1 < 2 .
Rolle

17

' O
f(x)0

.
Bolzano f.
Rolle F, f.
:

f.
Rolle.

: = = + + .
:

. , , ,
.

. ,

(0,1)

, .

Cf

B(1, e)

Cg
x
O 1

. : f 0 = e0 = 1 g 0 = 02 + e. 0 + 1 = 1.
Cf , Cg . : f 1 = e g 1 = 1.
Cf , Cg .
18 -

. . : f 0 = g 0
: f = g

f 1 = g 1

f g = 0,

0 1.
: h = f g = 0,
.
:
: h = f g = e + 2 e 1,
0, 1, . . 0 < 1 < .
0,1 , 1, , h
Rolle, 0,1
: h = 0 1, :
h = 0.
= + , Rolle , :
, .
h = e + 2, ,

h = h .

, , : h = 0
: e + 2 = 0, .
h
f g
.
Rolle

19

' O
, Cf
,f( , .

, ,
= = .
, , ()
.

1,2
: f = f , f() 0,0 .
:
0f = f 0

f f =0

:
f

y f( x)

f = f

f f
= 0.
2

f f
= 0,
2

y g( x)

1 2

= 0, 1,2 .

H : g =

f
, 1,2

Rolle, 1,2 ,
20 -

1,2 , 1,2 , g 1 = 2 = g 2 .
g = 0 1,2 .

. :
. ,
: = .
. = + , 3
.

. , f

, , f

, f

Cf : < < .
f

Cf

, , , ,

(, f())
(, f())

...

()
(, f())

1 , , 2 ,
f 1 =

f f
=

f 2 =

f f
=

, , , : =
Rolle

21

 : f 1 = f 2 . (1)
f Rolle
1 , 2 f

1 f 1 = f 2 .

1 , 2 : f = 0.

, ,
, : = , = .
. , , :
. =
. , , :
. =

. , ,
Rolle , .

. f + 2 = 0.
: g = f + 2 , 0,2 .

0,2 , .

: g 0 = f 0 2 = 2 < 0

g 2 = 2f 2 = 4 > 0.

: g 0 . g 2 < 0,
22 -

 Bolzano, 0,2 , : g = 0,
2
f +2=0
f =

0
2

. f ...
, 2 . : 0,
f f 0
f =
=
0

2
2

= 2

0,

, 2

(1)

2
2
f 2 f
3 2

f =
=
=
2
2
2

(2)

1 , 2 :
f .f =

2 3 2
3 2

2
3

. f f .
Rolle f
f = f

2
3 2
=
2
2

2 4 + 4 = 32 2

0,2

22 + 2 4 = 0

= 9 : 1,2 =

, , :

= 3 2
2 + 2 = 0.

1 3
1
=

2
2

= 1, : 0,2 .

Rolle

23