5LL40 Optical Fibre Communications

Meint Smit (OED) Xaveer Leijtens (OED) Huug de Waardt (ECO) Eduward Tangdiongga (ECO) TTE: Telecommunication Technology and ElectroMagnetics

Course information
Book: Gerd Keiser Optical Fiber communications 3rd ed, Mc Graw-Hill Xaveer Leijtens, X.J.M.Leijtens@tue.nl, 5112

Contact: Website:

http://w3.ele.tue.nl/oed (education & training)

Prior knowledge (Bachelor)

5GG10 5LL00 5LL10 5LL50 5MH10 5MH30 5TT00 5TT30 Elektronica: Transistorschakelingen Basis elektromagnetisme Basis telecommunicatie Telecommunicatietechniek Electro-optic devices Optical communication technology Optical communication Networks Photonic IC Design
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Follow-up (EITT/BTT Master)

Examination

Closed-book examination formula sheet will be provided

Overview of optical fiber communications

Keiser chapter 1

Standard Single-Mode (SM) Fibre

Fibre core Fibre core SiO2+ GeO2 SiO2+ GeO2 10 m 10 m n 1.443 n 1.443

SiO2 Cladding SiO2 Cladding 125 m 125 m n 1.44 n 1.44

Primary coating (soft) Primary coating (soft) 400 m 400 m Secondary coating (hard) Secondary coating (hard) 1 mm 1 mm

Optical attenuation in glass

Attenuation (dB/km)

1000 CVD (Chemical Vapour Deposition) 100 20 dB/km (Corning) 10 1 0.1 1960 0.16 dB/km 1970 1980 1990 2000

Optical communication
TRANSMITTER FIBRE RECEIVER

Photodiode detector

Typical performance data: Typical performance data: Responsivity Responsivity Bandwidth: Bandwidth: ~1 mA // mW ~1 mA mW 1-20 GHz 1-20 GHz

Optical source
TRANSMITTER

FIBRE

Performance: Performance: Modulation speed Modulation speed Fibre-coupled power Fibre-coupled power
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Light Emitting Diode (LED)

Typical performance data: Typical performance data: Power in MM-fibre: Power in MM-fibre: Power in SM-fibre: Power in SM-fibre: Direct Modulation Bandwidth: Direct Modulation Bandwidth: 100 W 100 W 1 W 1 W 100 MHz 100 MHz
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Laser

Typical performance: Typical performance: Power (in fibre): Power (in fibre): Direct Modulation Bandwidth: Direct Modulation Bandwidth: 10-100 10-100 2-5 2-5 mW mW GHz GHz

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Laser

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Packaged DFB laser

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Electromagnetic spectrum
(m)
10-12 10-10 10-8 10-6 I.R. 10-4 10-2 1 1012 Radar TV - radio 1010 108

f (Hz)
cosmic radiation -radiation X-ray U.V. 1020 1018 1016 1014

Visible light: 380 - 760 nm violet blue green yellow orange red

(nm)
400 500 600 700

Optical communication wavelengths

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Some figures
Optical communication wavelength: = 1500 nm corresponds to = c/ 200 THz = 200.000 GHz 1% = 2 THz = 2000 GHz EDFA = Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier: bandwidth 30 nm 4 THz
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Optical communication systems

First Generation, ~1975, 0.8 m MM-fiber, GaAs-laser or LED Second Generation, ~1980, 1.3 m, MM & SM-fiber InGaAsP FP-laser or LED Third Generation, ~1985, 1.55 m, SM-fiber InGaAsP DFB-laser, ~ 1990 Optical amplifiers Fourth Generation, 1996, 1.55 m WDM-systems
2 dB/cm
Attenuation

0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 Wavelength (m)

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WDM-transmission
optical fiber

optical transmitter

optical receiver

Multiwavelength Transmitter
MUX DMX

Multiwavelength Receiver

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Undersea cable

Cable Capacity fully upgraded (Gbps) Fiber Pairs Wavelengths per Fiber Pair Gbps per Wavelength Cable Length (km)

2,400 6 40 10 14,500
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Undersea cables

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Courtesy: A.M.J. Koonen

Optical Transport Network

Global Network
fibre

Wide Area Network

Metropolitan/Regional Area Optical Network

FTTB

Client/Access Networks

Cable modem Networks

SDH/ SONET ATM

ISP

Gigabit Ethernet

IP TP

Fixed Wireless Access

Cable

FTTH

PSTN/IP

Mobile Corporate/ Enterprise Clients

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Advantages of optical communication

Huge bandwidth Low loss Low cost per bit Small and light Electrical isolation No EMI (Lightning, interference) Security (no tapping) Reliability
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Lecture schedule
Subject Introduction Fibres Sources Coupling Photonic ICs External Lecture Detectors Receivers Systems Networks 1 hr 5 hrs 4 hrs 1 hr 1 hr 1 hr 2 hrs 2 hrs 2 hrs 2 hrs Week 5 5,6,7 8,10 12 12 12 13 14 16 17 Kaiser 1 Kaiser 2,3 Kaiser 4 Kaiser 5

Kaiser 6 Kaiser 7 Kaiser 8,9 Handouts

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