4

Q
di

:
= 0,026 0,028[W / mK ]

T = (1 420W / mK )




. 11.10.
,
. .
. 11.10 . ,

. ,
,
() .
()
, :
V
=
V + VT
V V .
, :
F (T1 T2 )
QH =
,

, F ,

:
T T2
Qn = (T FT + b FB ) 1

() :

QH =

H
F (T1 T2 ) QH = n F (T1 T2 ) ,

:
H
1
=
H =

1
T

B
, 1-
. , L ,
T

, :
L 1 = V + VT ,
= + T

V = L.1. VT = L.1. T
:
VT
T .L.1 = T
=
1 =
.L
VT + V B
L

VB
Sb L = B
=
V B + VT
SL

:
1
[W / mK ]
H =
1
+

T
B
:

H F = (T FT + B FB )

= 1

F
F
H = T (1 ) + B ( )

= ,

( )
, .
. ,
, . ,

. ,
(
). (),
(
, )
.
.
(). .11.11.
.
:
-
T
,
dx
.

x
dq

.
,

q(x)
.
-
T
T f .
B

Tf

TB

- (
) TB.
. 11.11.
-

.
x

 = T T f (
),
:
d
q ( x ) =
S,
dx
S .
dx , :
d
d
dx S
q ( x + dx ) = +
dx
dx
, dx
:
dq f = Udx ,
U .
:
q ( x ) q ( x + dx ) = dq f
d
d
d
dx S = Udx
S + +
dx
dx
dx
dx :
d
d

( x + dx )

dx
dx
= U
dx
dx , :
d 2

S = U
dx 2
U
d 2
=

(1)
2
S
dx
, .
:
U 1
m
m=
S
:
d 2
= m 2
2
dx
: m = const (1) :
= C 1 e mx + C 2 e mk ,
:
(x ) = C1ch(mx) + C 2 sh(mx)
.
:
1.
.
( = 0):
= 1 = Ts T f

[ ]

1 = C1 + C 2

, ()
x ; = 0 C1e = 0

 C1e = 0 1 = 0 . :
= 1e mx
:

= l mx ,
1
.. -, - m.
,
. m . .
- - U / S

= 0:
d
d
d
mx
q =
S
= (1l )x =0 = m1
dx x =0
dx x =0 dx
:
q = m S
:
q = US (TCT T )
,
:
U 2.W S = W
W .
2
m: m =

2.
:
x = 0 = 1
x = L q ( L ) = L L S L
q(L)
:
d
q( L ) =
S L = L L S L
dx x = L

d
:
= L L

dx L
:
x = 0 = C1 + C 2
x = L L = C1e mL + C 2 e mL

d
mL
mL
= L L = C1 me C 2 me

dx

: C1 , C 2 , L .
.
,
(, ) .
:
ch[m(L x )]
= 1
ch(mL )
:

 d
q =
S,
dx x =0
sh(mL )
d
= 1 mth(mL )

= 1 m

ch(mL )
dx x =0
:
q = 1mth(mL)S

q = US th(mL ) 1
L ( ) th(mL ) 1
.

, .

( ):
q
=
q
,
. TB
( ).
:
q = A(Ts T f ) = A 1 ,
. (11.72)
:
q = A(Ts T f )
.
,
A = .A.
:
q m s1th(mL ) th(mL )
=
=
=
q
A1
mL

q = US th(mL )1 = Smth(mL )1