Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • How Volcanoes Erupt

    Uploaded by

    madz
    1K views2 pages
    The word "volcano" comes from the Roman god of fire Vulcan, the equivalent of Hephaistos in the Greek mythology. In the ancient times, people attributed to the volcanoes a supernatural personality, which was worshiped. Old Greeks believed the Earth was a floating disc over the surface of an ocean whose storms triggered earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. Anaximander (611-547 BC) believed that cold and Turned on the volcanic eruptions. Plato (428-347 BC) supposed there was an underground river of incandescent matter that fueled the mouth of the volcanoes. For Aristotle, disciple of Plato, the volcanic eruptions and earthquakes were the spasms of a living being called Terra. Only during the 18th century, the knowledge about volcanoes started to evolve considerably. James Hutton (1726-1797) said that in the center of the Earth was a fusion zone, the eruptions being its external manifestations. His theory proved right during the 19th century. Now, researchers just focus on achieving the right methods of preventing the volcanic eruptions and decreasing the damages they inflict. Under the litosphere (the terrestrial crust which varies in width from 70 km under the oceans to 140 km under the continents), in the terrestrial mantle (the inner part of the Earth, located under the lithosphere, with a width of 3,000 km And wrapping the nucleus), the pyrolitic rocks are found molten , in the magma stage. The huge tectonic plates, which make up the massive foundation of the continents and the bottom of the oceans, tightly float and mover over the very dense magma. In the inner Earth, there are two zones with rocks in fusion: the outer nucleus, separated by the surface of the Earth by solid rocks, and a thin layer of partially molten rocks which separates the litosphere from astenosphere (the magma located under litosphere, on which float and move the tectonic plates). Why do pyrolitic rocks melt? Because of the temperature, pressure, and the presence of the water, which facilitate the rocks' melting. Volcanoes are just holes in the Earth's crust through which magma accompanied by gas and ash goes out. There are more types of volcanism, associated with the local cause of the fusion of the rocks making the terrestrial mantle. In the subduction areas (like in Andes), the cause is the presence of the fluids closed in sediments and headed into the depths while a tectonic plate slips under another.

    Copyright

    © Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)

    Available Formats

    DOC or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Report this Document
    The word "volcano" comes from the Roman god of fire Vulcan, the equivalent of Hephaistos in the Greek mythology. In the ancient times, people attributed to the volcanoes a supernatural personality, which was worshiped. Old Greeks believed the Earth was a floating disc over the surface of an ocean whose storms triggered earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. Anaximander (611-547 BC) believed that cold and Turned on the volcanic eruptions. Plato (428-347 BC) supposed there was an underground river of incandescent matter that fueled the mouth of the volcanoes. For Aristotle, disciple of Plato, the volcanic eruptions and earthquakes were the spasms of a living being called Terra. Only during the 18th century, the knowledge about volcanoes started to evolve considerably. James Hutton (1726-1797) said that in the center of the Earth was a fusion zone, the eruptions being its external manifestations. His theory proved right during the 19th century. Now, researchers just focus on achieving the right methods of preventing the volcanic eruptions and decreasing the damages they inflict. Under the litosphere (the terrestrial crust which varies in width from 70 km under the oceans to 140 km under the continents), in the terrestrial mantle (the inner part of the Earth, located under the lithosphere, with a width of 3,000 km And wrapping the nucleus), the pyrolitic rocks are found molten , in the magma stage. The huge tectonic plates, which make up the massive foundation of the continents and the bottom of the oceans, tightly float and mover over the very dense magma. In the inner Earth, there are two zones with rocks in fusion: the outer nucleus, separated by the surface of the Earth by solid rocks, and a thin layer of partially molten rocks which separates the litosphere from astenosphere (the magma located under litosphere, on which float and move the tectonic plates). Why do pyrolitic rocks melt? Because of the temperature, pressure, and the presence of the water, which facilitate the rocks' melting. Volcanoes are just holes in the Earth's crust through which magma accompanied by gas and ash goes out. There are more types of volcanism, associated with the local cause of the fusion of the rocks making the terrestrial mantle. In the subduction areas (like in Andes), the cause is the presence of the fluids closed in sediments and headed into the depths while a tectonic plate slips under another.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    1K views2 pages

    How Volcanoes Erupt

    Uploaded by

    madz
    The word "volcano" comes from the Roman god of fire Vulcan, the equivalent of Hephaistos in the Greek mythology. In the ancient times, people attributed to the volcanoes a supernatural personality, which was worshiped. Old Greeks believed the Earth was a floating disc over the surface of an ocean whose storms triggered earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. Anaximander (611-547 BC) believed that cold and Turned on the volcanic eruptions. Plato (428-347 BC) supposed there was an underground river of incandescent matter that fueled the mouth of the volcanoes. For Aristotle, disciple of Plato, the volcanic eruptions and earthquakes were the spasms of a living being called Terra. Only during the 18th century, the knowledge about volcanoes started to evolve considerably. James Hutton (1726-1797) said that in the center of the Earth was a fusion zone, the eruptions being its external manifestations. His theory proved right during the 19th century. Now, researchers just focus on achieving the right methods of preventing the volcanic eruptions and decreasing the damages they inflict. Under the litosphere (the terrestrial crust which varies in width from 70 km under the oceans to 140 km under the continents), in the terrestrial mantle (the inner part of the Earth, located under the lithosphere, with a width of 3,000 km And wrapping the nucleus), the pyrolitic rocks are found molten , in the magma stage. The huge tectonic plates, which make up the massive foundation of the continents and the bottom of the oceans, tightly float and mover over the very dense magma. In the inner Earth, there are two zones with rocks in fusion: the outer nucleus, separated by the surface of the Earth by solid rocks, and a thin layer of partially molten rocks which separates the litosphere from astenosphere (the magma located under litosphere, on which float and move the tectonic plates). Why do pyrolitic rocks melt? Because of the temperature, pressure, and the presence of the water, which facilitate the rocks' melting. Volcanoes are just holes in the Earth's crust through which magma accompanied by gas and ash goes out. There are more types of volcanism, associated with the local cause of the fusion of the rocks making the terrestrial mantle. In the subduction areas (like in Andes), the cause is the presence of the fluids closed in sediments and headed into the depths while a tectonic plate slips under another.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 2

    How Volcanoes Erupt

    By
    Sharon and Josh
    The way volcanoes erupt usually takes a long time and this is how
    volcanoes erupt. First a volcano makes something called magma from
    melted rock. The magma goes through a circulation. It has to form at the
    bottom of the volcano and then start its way up the main vent. The main vent
    is a hole that is in the volcano and when the volcano is ready to erupt the
    lava is at the top of the main vent. The magma goes up the main vent slowly
    while it is still getting hotter. When the magma is about half way up the
    main vent it turns into lava. Lava is a very hot liquid which burns the
    remaining rocks from the magma. The lava slowly continues up the main
    vent. While going up the lava continues to get hotter and hotter.

    Ash and rocks are collected and the lava is getting hotter and hotter while
    the lava is continuing its way up the main vent. When the lava is at the top
    of the main vent the volcano erupts. The lava blasts out of the volcano along
    with ash, rocks, and a cloud of dust that is very thick. The ash and rock
    crumble to the ground, but the lava is either moving down the volcano side
    very slowly or at a high speed. The lava burns down almost everything in its
    way, and it sometimes leaves bits of things burning. The lava from the
    volcano can cool fast, or sometimes the lava will slowly cool down from its
    intense heat. Lava that cools slowly forms igneous rocks. There are many
    types of igneous rocks. Volcanoes can damage themselves in the explosion.
    A volcano literally blows its top off. One of the volcanoes that have blown
    its top from an explosion is Mt. St. Helens. Mt. St. Helens has erupted more
    than once.

    Volcanoes can be under water or on land. Volcanoes that are under water
    take a longer time than if they are on land because they are under water the
    water slows down the magma and lava but if the volcano is on land the lava
    and magma can move quicker up the main vent. It just depends on the
    environment how fast the volcano can make the magma the magma makes
    lava and the volcano makes an explosion. If the volcano is under water the
    cooled lava will probably make an island. The Hawaiian Islands is an
    example of island made by a chain of volcanoes. Now go back to the front
    page of our site and go to a different page on our site and of course be
    prepared to learn more about volcanoes.

    You might also like