ML Hadees Nishedham

lZokv \ntj[w Page 1
lZokv \ntj[w
} {
[ Malayalam aebmfw ]

tUm: aplZv Ajvd^v auehn, aZo\
^manen mkv (05011433,12011433- _p[)

XmdmnbXv:
\u^ kzemln
aZo\ CkvemanIv bqWnthgvknn

,

1433 - 2012

lZokv \ntj[w Page 2

DSw
lZokv \ntj[nI 5

Ckv emw: Ay Zn\w htcpap aXw 5

lZokv \ntj[w: 12

dhm^nZpIfpw (inbmfpw), JhmcnPpIfpw, apAvXknenIfpw 12

apAv XknenIfpw lZokv \ntj[hpw 14

]ng NnI Cybn 15

aokm Kpemw Alv aZv JmZnbm\n 15

Kpemw \_n Ap PpKvUmehn 16

aplZv Alv aZv cnZm _tdhn 17

HmdnbenpI 18

Amlphnt\bpw dkq( )tbbpw A\pkcnphcpsS alXzw 24

dkq( )tbmSv FXncmhphsc Ipdnv JpB 27

Apm PpKvUmehnbpsS \akv Imcw 30

aplZv daZm\pw \akvImchpw 33

emtlmco lZokv \ntj[nIfpw \akv Imchpw 34

knZv dôDw \akv Imchpw 35

kImpw hnip JpB\pw 39

\akv Imchpw hnip JpB\pw 42

dkq( )sb A\pkcnh Amlphns\ A\pkcnncnpp 49
dkq( )tbmSv FXncmhphv Plw 51

dkq( )bpsS am PohnXhpw lZokpIfpw 52

lZokns\ Amlp kwcnpp 54

JpB Amlphns Iemw BWv 55

lZokv \ntj[nI Im^ndpIsfv JpB 56

Im^ndpIfmbn acnphsc Ipdnv 58

lZokpIfn Zp_eambhbpw Ct? 59

lZokns\ AwKoIcnptXmsSmw AXns\ \ntj[n-ph 60
lZokv \ntj[w Page 3

A_qlpssdd( )hpw lZokpIfpw. 63

{]hmNImcpsS _m[yX {]t_m[\w am{Xw 67

JpB\npIf, Ch JpB \ntj[nI 70

JpB\pw Xncpkppw kzoIcntsXns\ ? 72

cv kmy hmIy bmYmyamm 75

JpB\n Fm hniZoIcWfpant... 76

dkq( )bpsS hniZoIcWw kzoIcnnsn 80

Xzhm^pw lZokv \ntj[nIfpw 81

kpns\ JpB ncoIcnpp 82

Jn_ve amw 83

lZokv \ntj[nI appI 85

lnPv d amkfpw lZokv \ntj[nIfpw 86

kzlm_nIv Amlp AwKoImcw \Ipp 89

daZm\pw lZokv \ntj[nIfpw 91

hnip JpB\n\v tXmnb Aw \Ipp 94

dkq( )tbmSv FXncmbn Pohnm 96
Amlphpw dkq( )bpw hn[nm ]ns Xnn\v m\an 97

_pnv tbmPnmXv XpItbm..? 98

{]hmNI( )bpsS s\v Iodnb kw`hw 99

aplZv dioZv cnZbpw ]ng hmZfpw 102

Alv aZv Aao\ns hmZ 104

_pnv tbmPnmXv hnip JpB\nepsn AXpw Xptam..?
105

]e Aam\pjnIXz 107

APv hbpw lZokv \ntj[nIfpw 110

ssiXzm\pw lZokv \ntj[nIfpw 111

JpB\pw kppw hlv bv Xs 113
{]hmNI( )bpsS Hcp lZokv {inpI 114

lZokv \ntj[w Page 4

.
:
<
) :
s (
RfpsS cnXmth, Ahv(Rfp
sS km\v)\ns ZrjvSm HmXn
tI]np sImSppIbpw, thZhpw hnPvRm\
hpw A`yknnpIbpw, Ahsc kwkvIcnp
Ibpw sNp Hcp ZqXs\ Ahcn \np X
s \o \ntbmKnpIbpw sNtWta. Xo
bmbpw \o {]Xm]hm\pw AKm[PvRm\nbpam
Ipp. kzw BXvamhns\ aqVamnb
h\msX amcmWv C{_mloans amK t
Sv hnapJX ImWnpI? CltemIn
Atls \mw hninjvS\mbn sXcsSp
lZokv \ntj[w Page 5

ncnpp. ]ctemIv Atlw k\
fpsS Iqn Xsbmbncnpw. \o
Iogvs]SpI Fv Atlns cnXmhv
AtltmSv ]dtm ktemI
cnXmhnv Rm\nXm Iogvs]ncnpp
Fv Atlw ]dp.

lZokv \ntj[nI

lZokpIsf \ntj[np Hcp hn`mKw
ASp ImeLn temInemIam\w k
Pohambn hym]nv sImncnpp. hninjym
CybpsS hnhn[ `mKfn Ch kwLam
bn {]hnv hcppv. Ahsc Ipdnp
Hcp ]T\hpw As\bp Hcp NnmKXn F
tm apXemWv DSseSpXv Fpsamsbm
Wv CXn N sNpXv.

Ckvemw: AyZn\w htcpap aXw

aplZv \_n()bneqsS AyZn\w htc
pap P\p aXambnmWv ]cnip
lZokv \ntj[w Page 6

Ckvemans\ \nbnnpXv.AyZqX\m
bn aplZv \_n()tbbpw Amlp ]cnNb
sSppIbpmbn.aXns Fm Imcy
fpw hlvbneqsS \_n()v Amlp Adnbn
v sImSppIbpw sNbvXp. {]hmNI()bp
sS lp hZmC Amlp Cu aXw
]qWambnpsv {]Jym]npIbpw sNbv
Xp. Amlp ]dbpXv ImWpI:
...
... ) : s (
Cv Rm \nv \nfpsS aXw ]qn
bmn Xncnpp. Fs A\p{Klw \n
v Rm \ndthncnIbpw sNbvXncnp
p.aXambn Ckvemans\Rm \nv
Xr]vXnsv Xncnpp.

B k`w htcpw dkq() JpB
]Tnn ssienbn ImgvN sh GsXmw
Imcyfptm AhbmWv Ckvemw.AXnse
{][m\ `mKamWv JpB. Cu hnip Jp
lZokv \ntj[w Page 7

B kqdp ^mXnl apX kqdpm
kv hsc ]cntim[nm dkq()sb A\p
kcntXntbpw,]npStcXntbpw B
hiyIX ZiWn\v BbpIfneqsS A
mlp Adnbnppv. Fm \nepw dkq
()sb ]npSv Pohnm Amlp I
nppv.Cu Imcy AXv t]mseXs
kzoIcn kzlm_ns\ Ipdnpw Amlp
Adnbnppv. Amlp ]dbpp:

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
) : (
aplZv Amlphns dkqemIpp. Atl
tmsSmaph kXy\ntj[nIfpsS t\sc
Iiambn hnphcmIpp. Ah A
lZokv \ntj[w Page 8

t\ym\yw ZbmepfpamIpp. Amlphn
\np A\p{Klhpw {]oXnbpw tXSnsm
v Ah Ipnpw kmjvSmwKw sNbvXpw \a
kvIcnpXmbn \n\v ImWmw. kpPqZns
êambn AhcpsS ASbmfw AhcpsS apJ
fnepv. AXmWv Xudmn Ahsc ]n
bp D]a. Coen Ahsc ]nbp D]a
Cs\bmIpp: Hcp hnf, AXv AXns Iq
v ]pdv ImWnp. FnXns\ ]pjvSnsSp
n.FnXv IcpmPnp. As\ AXv I
jIv IuXpIw tXmnp sImv AXn
s Imnta \nhp \np. (kXy
hnizmknIsf Cs\ hfnsmv hcp
Xv) Ah aqew kXy\ntj[nIsf Acniw
]nSnnm thnbmIpp. Ahcn \nv
hnizknpIbpw kI {]hnp
Ibpw sNbvXhp Amlp ]m]tamN\hpw
almb {]Xnêhpw hmKvZm\w sNbvXncn
pp.

Cu kzlm_nI {]hmNI()sb I
Wniambn ]npSv sImv PohnpIbpw
lZokv \ntj[w Page 9

AXv aqew Amlp Ahsc Da kaqlam
bn sXscsSppIbpw sNbvXp.Amlp ]
dbpp:

... ) : (
a\pjyhwin\p thn cwKv sImphc
s DakapZmbamIpp \n. \n k
ZmNmcw I]npIbpw, ZpcmNmcn \nv
hnepIbpw, Amlphn hnizknpIbpw
sNpp.

AyZqXcpsS IqsSbp hnip Jp
Bs\ AXv t]mse Xs P\fntesn
v sImSpm Amlp Ahsc sXscsSp
p.AhcXv IrXyambn \nhlnpIbpw sN
bvXp. Ahv {]hmNI()sImv h G
sXmcp Imcyfnepw bmsXmcp kwibhpw D
mbncpn.Ahcmcpw JpB am{Xw aXn,
{]hmNI()bpsS hniZoIcWw th F
v ]dXpan.Ahcmcpw Cs\ ]d H
cp dntmsnepw \apv ImWm km[nn
lZokv \ntj[w Page 10

. Ah JpB ]Tnt hn[n ]Tn
tm Ahv a\nembXv, hnip Jp
B\ns hniZoIcWw a\nemtXv dkq
()bneqsSbmWv FmWv.AXmWv Amlp
hnip JpB\neqsS AdnbnpXv:

.
.
) . : :: (
\n\v \mw Dt_m[\w AhXcnnv Xn
cnpp. P\mbn AhXcnnsXv
\o Ahv hnhcnpsImSpm thnbpw,
Ah Nnnm thnbpw.

Cu Bbn ]d _bm () {]
hmNI()bpsS hniZoIcWamb lZokv B
sWv kzlm_v a\nemn. Cs\ Jp
B\pw lZokpw IrXyambn kzoIcnmWv H
mw \qmnse BfpI hnv ISpXv.C
hsc ]n]n Pohnm Amlp Adnbnp
pv: Amlp ]dbpp:

.
.
_
.

) : (
(aplmPndpIfn \npw AkmdpIfn \n
pw BZyambn aptmv hhcpw, kpIrXw
sNbvXpsImv Ahsc ]npShcpw Btcm
Ahscn Amlp kwXr]vX\mbncnpp.
Ahs\n Ahcpw kwXr]vXcmbncnpp.Xm
gv`mKv AcphnI HgpInsmncnp kz
KtmpI Ahv Ah Hcpn sh
pIbpw sNbvXncnpp.Fspw AhcXn
\nXyhmknIfmbncnpw. AXs{X alm
b `mKyw.)

Cu Bbn BZyw kzlm_ns\
Ipdnpw tijw Ahsc ]n]nb Xm_nDI
sf IpdnpamWv Amlp hnhcnpXv. kz
lm_n\v {]hmNI()bpsS lZokpIfn
kwibapmbncpn Fv \apv a\n
embn. AXv t]mse XsbmWv Xm_nDIfpsS

nXnbpw. Ahcpw dkq()bpsS lZokpI
sf kzoIcnphcpw BZcnphcpambncp
p. JpB am{Xw aXn F hmZw Ahp
apmbncpn. Ahsc IpdnmWv Cu Bb
n kpIrXw sNbvXv sImv Ahsc ]np
Sh Fv Amlp hntijnnXv.

Cybnepw apw ]nmev DSseSp
lZokv \ntj[w Amlp FSpv ]d
Cu Dacmb kzlm_nIfn Dmbn
cpn Fv \apv a\nemm km[np.
hnip JpB\ns A[ymbfpsS {IaoI
cW \SnbXv t]mepw {]hmNI()bn
\nv a\nemnbX\pkcnv Cu kzlm
_namcmWv. C A[ymbn\v tijw C A
[ymbw shWsasmpw hnip JpB
\n C.

lZokv \ntj[w:

dhm^nZpIfpw (inbmfpw), JhmcnPpIfpw, ap
AvXknenIfpw


]nmev Ckveman hyXy hn`m
K DSseSptmgmWv Ccw NnI
ISv hcm XpSnbXv. dm^nZpIfmb inbm
, Aen()\mWv Camav \tIXv F
XXzhpambn ]pds ImeLn Ah
cpsS B XXzw AwKoIcnmXmb kzlm
_nItfmSv Ahv shdpv hXv ImcWm
B kzlm_namcpsS lZokv th Fv
shXmsX lZokpI samn th
Fv Ah ]dnn. Ah AwKoIcnp
kzlm_nIfpsS lZokpI Ah Xn
bnn.IqSmsX Ah, Ah CsSp Cam
apIfpsS t]cn I lZokpI DmpI
bpw sNbvXp.

JhmcnPpIfpsS Ahbpw Cs\ X
sbmWv. Ahcpw lZokpIsf samn
Xnbncpn. AhcpsS XXz AwKoIcn
m kzlm_nIfpsS lZokv th Fm
Wh Xocpam\nXv. Ah AwKoIcnp B
fpIfpsS lZokpI Ah kzoIcnp.


apAvXknenIfpw lZokv \ntj[hpw

apAvXknenI F ]ng hn`mKns
tcmKamWv Cybnepw hninjym \psS tIc
fnepw awKem]pcpsamw ImWpXv. _p
n ]qPIamcmWv apAvXknepI. _pnv
tbmPnpXv FSpmw Fpw Am l
ZokpI Xmw Fpw ]dbphcmWh.

As\bph DSseSptm Ah
v lZoknt\mSv hntcm[hpw, \ntj[hpw h
p. Camw im^nC()bpsS ImeLn ap
AvXknepIfn s] Hcp hyn Camw im^n
C()bpambn N \SpIbpw AXn Camw
im^nC()hnPbnpIbpw sNbvXp Fpw Im
Wm km[np. ChcpsS Cu NI AtXm
Sv IqSn Xs Xop FmWv. Cu ImeL
n Cu NnmKXn AtXmSv IqSn Xs \m
amhtijambncpp. Cv Cu hmZaph \
psS \mSpIfn DXmbn btYw \apv
ImWmhpXmWv.


]noSv Dmb hmZw JpB am{Xw a
Xn, lZokns Bhiyta C F ]ng hm
ZamWv. Cu XXzns ]nn {]hnh
sc ]nbpw, AXv \psS \mSpIfn Fs\
Fn FsmsbmWv \apv a\nemm
\pXv.
]ng NnI Cybn

B[p\nI Imev lZokv \ntj[n
s XpSw GItZiw {In. 20mw \qmnem
Wv. {In. 1900 \v tijw ]pXnb Bibfpam
bn Hmtcm hynI Cy taJeIfn cw
K{]thi\w sNbvXnpv.

aokm Kpemw AlvaZv JmZnbm\n

Ahcn s] HcmfmWv aokm Kpemw
AlvaZv JmZnbm\n. ]eXpw Abm hmZnnp
v.BZyw alvZnbmsWv hmZnp. ]ns Cu
kbmsWpw, \_nbmsWpw hmZnpIbp
mbn. AbmfpsS ]pkvXI hmbnm
Abm Hcpam\knI tcmKnbmtWm F kw
ibw Dmhpw. Fm Abm {_nojpIm

cpsS Nmc\mbn, Ahv ]npW \In Po
hn Bfmbncpp FXmWv bmYmyw. A
hv thn Pohn hynbmbncpp ao
km Kpemw. Ah m]n XXzambncpp Cu
hmZ Fv Cybnse Alveppn
s ]nXam ncoIcnnpXv.
Ckvemans ]e ASnm\ XXztfbpw
Cbmfpw, ]npWp BfpIfpw \ntj[n
pIbpw, asmcp aXambn AXv cq]sSp
Ibpw sNpIbmWpmbXv.

Kpemw \_n Ap PpKvUmehn

AtX ImeLn Xs Kpemw \_n
Ap PpKvUmehn F hynbpw cwKv
hp. Abm apgph lZokpIfpw XW
sav ]dmWv cwK{]thi\w sNbvXXv. B
hyn bYmn Atlns hnm
\n\v ASnm\amnbXv AenKUv bqWn
thgvknnbpsS kYm]I\mbn AdnbsSp
k knZv AlvaZvJms NnmKXnIfmbncp
p. ChcneqsSsbmsbmWv lZokv \ntj[
ns thcpI Cybn hym]nXv.

aplZv AlvaZv cnZm _tdhn

GItZiw AtX ImeLnse Xs
asmcp hynbmWv aplZv AlvaZv cnZm _
tdhn. Cd aqv BfpIfptSbpw Ime
Lw GItZiw XpeyXbpXmbncpp. Cbm
fpsS hmZw aplZv \_n() a\pjy\ Fm
bncpp. aplZv \_n() acnnnspw,\_n
tbmSv hnfnv {]mnm Bhiyap
etv Atlw hcpsapsamsbmbncp
p. AXvt]mse Xs temInse Fm {]
iv\fpw Imfm dkq()bpsS ASp
Ignhpspw Abm hmZnp.

Cu aqv BfpIfptSbpw ]nn {]h
nXv {_nojpImcmbncpp. apkveowIn
Sbn `nnpIfpmn Imcyw t\Sm th
n Ah Isnb amKfmbncpp C
hsbmw.

Fm CXnt\sbms FXnm k
\mDm AarXkcnsb t]msebp ]e ]n

Xamcpw cwKndpIbpw,Cu XXzs
w IrXyambn adp]Sn \Im\pw, JmZnbm\n
sb t]msebphtcmSv ap_mle hsc \S
m\pw Ahv Ignnpv.
{In. 1948 emWv k\mDm AarXkcn h
^mmIpXv. JmZnbm\nbpambp ap_ml
ebn AkXyns DSa BZyw \ins
Fv Ulnbn shv aokm Kpemw Bbn
cWn\v P\v apn ]dncp
p. As\ GXm\pw hjw Igntmtg
pw JmZnbm\n acnpIbpw, ]noSv k\mD
m AarXkcn \mtXmfw hjw Pohnp
Ibpw sNbvXp.

HmdnbenpI

lZokv \ntj[w F NnmKXn Cy
bn hXns apJy ImcWw {_nojv Nmc
amcpsS {]h\amWv. HmdnbenpI
F Hcp hn`mKneqsSbpw lZokv \ntj[w
Cybn hfcm ImcWambnpv. tdma,
{_nojv, bqtdm]y \mSpIfn \nv Ckvem

ans\ XIm thn Ing \mSpIfn
tev Ah ]nXamsc AbpIbpw,
Ah Ckvemans\ XIm thn JpB
\pw lZokpIfpw ]TnpIbpw ]ng Bib
fpambn {K CdpIbpw temIhym
]Iambn AhcpsS NnmKXnIfpw Bib
fpw {]NcnnsSpIbpw sNbvXp.

CcmcpsS Ipgfn s]v ]ng
NnmKXnIfpambn hhcmWv aplZv dioZv
cnZbpw, Pamepo A^vKm\nbpsamw. Pam
epo A^vKm\n CuPn]vXn hv Cu B
ib {]Ncnnm {iansnepw AXv
êw In. AhnsS \nv Atls \mSp
ISpIbmWpmbXv Fv Ncn{Xw ]dbpp.

CuPn]vXn kpns\ \ntj[np
Ccm htm AXns\ FXnm
AhnsS Akzmdpp F kwLS\ Dm
IpIbpmbn. Cpw XuloZo {]t_m[\hp
ambn Ah {]h\ \Snsmncn-
ppv. Ccw {]h\fneqsS Ahn

sS Cs\bp NnmKXnIv thtcmw
Dmbn.

Cu {ia Atd_y \mSpIfn shfnw
In
Ckvemw hncpcmb ]mmXycpsS {]h
\ Atd_y \mSpIfn êw In
. ImcWw Ahdnbmw dkq() sImp
h Fmw kzoIcnm hnip JpB\n
I]\bpsv. Amlp ]dbpXv Im
WpI:
...
... ) : \ (
(\np dkq() \InbsXtm AXv
\n kzoIcnpI. Fsmn \nv A
tlw \nsf hnentbm AXn \nv \n
Hgnv \npIbpw sNpI.) Cu B
bn ]d dkq()v \Is Imcyw
JpB am{Xa AtXmsSmw AXns hni
ZoIcWamb lZokpIfpw DsSpsav Ah
a\nemn.


AXv t]mse Amlphnt\bpw dkq()
tbbpw A\pkcnm hnip JpB B
hnv DWpXpw Ahdnbmw.CXp
ambn _s Nne BbpI ImWpI:

Amlp ]dbpp:

)
: s (
]dbpI: \n Amlpshbpw dkqens\bpw
A\pkcnphn. C\n Ah ]nncnpIf
bp]w Amlp kXy\ntj[nIsf kvt\
lnpX; Xo.
Amlp ]dbpp:
.
.
) : (
kXyhnizmknItf, \n Amlpsh A\p
kcnpI.(Amlphns) ZqXs\bpw \nfn
\np ssIImcyImsfbpw A\p

kcnpI. C\n h Imcynepw \nnS
bn `nnpmIpIbmsWn \nfXv A
mlphntepw dkqentepw aSpI. \n
Amlphnepw AyZn\nepw hnizknp
pshn (AXmWv thXv.) AXmWv D
ahpw IqSpX \ ]cyhkm\apXpw.

Amlp ]dbpp:
.
.
<
) : (
kXyhnizmknItf, \n Amlpshbpw A
hs dkqens\bpw A\pkcnpI. (kXyk
tiw)tIpsImncns \n Atls
hnv XncnpIfbcpXv.

Amlp ]dbpp:

) . : : (

\o ]dbpI: \n Amlpsh A\pkcnp
hn. dkqens\bpw \n A\pkcnphn.
Fm \n ]nncnbp ]w Atlw
(dkq() NpaXesSps Imcyn am
{XamWv Atln\v _m[yXbpXv.\n
v _m[yXbpXv \n NpaXe G]n
s ImcynemWv.\n Atls A\p
kcnpIbmsWn \nv kamKw
{]m]nmw. dkqens _m[yX hyIvXamb {]
t_m[\w am{XamIpp.

Amlp ]dbpp:
.
.
) : ss (
kXyhnizmknItf, \n Amlpsh A\p
kcnpI.dkqens\bpw \n A\pkcnp
I. \nfpsS Isf \n \njvêam
nfbmXncnpIbpw sNpI.


Cu BbpIfnsemw Amlphnt\
bpw Ahs dkq()tbbpw A\pkcnm
Amlp Adnbnpp.

dkq()sb A\pkcnh Amlphns\
A\pkcnncn-pp

C\n dkq()sb A\pkcnp Bfp
Isf Ipdnv Amlp ]dbpXv ImWpI:

.
_
) : t (
(Amlphns) ZqXs\ B A\pkcnpp
thm Xobmbpw Ah Amlpsh A\pk
cnp.B ]nncnpthm AhcpsS ta Im
hmc\mbn \ns \mw \ntbmKnnn.

Amlphnt\bpw dkq()tbbpw A\pk
cnphcpsS alXzw

Cs\ Amlphnt\bpw Ahs ZqX
t\bpw A\pkcnphv almb {]Xn

êfpw, AXn \nv ]nncnv Ifbp
hv thZ\tbdnb inbpw Amlp \Ip
Xns\ Ipdnv hnip JpB Adnbnp
pv. Amlp ]dbpXv {inpI:

<
) : s (
GsXmcm Amlphns\bpw Ahs ZqXs\
bpw A\pkcnppthm Ahs\ Amlp Xm
gv `mKv IqSn AcphnI HgpIp kzK
tmpIfn {]thinnpXmWv. AhcXn
\nXyhmknIfmbncnpw. AXs{X alm
b hnPbw.

Amlp ]dbpp:
.
.
.
.

) : (
B Amlpshbpw Ahs ZqXs\bpw A
\pkcnppthm Ah Amlp A\p{Kln
hcmb {]hmNIam, kXykam,cIv

X kmnI, kcnXam FnhtcmsSm
ambncnpw. Ah F{X \ IqpIm!

Amlp ]dbpp:
<
) . : (
Amlpshbpw dkqens\bpw A\pkcnpI
bpw,Amlpsh `bsSpIbpw Aht\mSv kq
vaX ]pepIbpw sNphcmtcm Ah
XsbmWv hnPbw t\Snbh.

Amlp ]dbpp:

<
) : \ (
Amlpshbpw Ahs ZqXs\bpw B A
\pkcnppthm Ah almb hnPbw
t\Snbncnpp.

Amlp ]dbpp:

<
) : \ (
hh\pw Amlpshbpw Ahs dkqens\
bpw A\pkcnp ]w Xmgv`mKv IqSn
\ZnI HgpIp kzKtmpIfn Ah
s\ {]thinnpXmWv. hh\pw ]nncn
p Ifbp ]w thZ\tbdnb in A
hp \IpXmWv.
dkq()tbmSv FXncmhphsc Ipdnv Jp
B

dkq()tbmSv FXncmhphsc Ipdnv
Amlp ]dbpXv ImWpI:
<

.
<
.
_
) : (
X\nv kamKw hyIvXambngn tij
hpw Bscnepw ssZhZqX\pambn FXnv
\npIbpw,kXyhnizmknIfpsSXm am

Kw ]npScpIbpw sNp]w Ah Xn
cn hgnv Xs \mw Ahs\ Xncnp hnSp
Xpw, \cInenv \mahs\ IcnpXpam
Wv. AsX{X tamiamb ]cyhkm\w!

asmcp Bbv IqSn ImWpI:

.
_
) : (
C, \ns cnXmhns\sbmWv kXyw;
AhnSbn `nXbpmb Imcyn A
h \ns hn[nImhmpIbpw, \o hn[n
I]nXns\n ]noShcpsS a\pIfn
Hcp hnjahpw tXmmXncnpIbpw, AXv ]q
ambn kXnv A\pkcnpIbpw sNp
Xp hsc Ah hnizmknIfmhpIbn.

Cs\bp ZiWn\v BbpI
Cu Bibhpambn hnip JpB\nep
tm lZokv \ntj[w F ]ng Nn A
hv Dsmm\mbn. ]ns aplZv A
p, dioZv cnZ Fnhsc t]mep BfpI
AhcpsS {KfneqsSbpw apw Cu Imcyw

{]Ncnnm {ianXmWv apIfn kqNnn
Xv.

Cybn CXn\v thtcmapmbn

`nnnv Imcyw t\SnsbSppI F ]m
mXycpsS XXzw apn shmWv {_nojp
Im Cybn kknZv AlvaZv Jm t]m
sebphcneqsS {]NcWw \SnbXv.

Ccm {_nojv km \ne\n
m thnbp {]h\fn Gs
p. BfpI PnlmZn GsSmXncnms\m
s thn ]e XXzfpw {]Ncnnp. Xt
bSpv ]pXnb JpB Dsv ]dv H
cp `mKv aokbpw, PpKvUmehn asmcp `m
Kpambn {]NmcW \Snsmncp
p. PpKvUmehn 14 {K Cu hnjbI
ambn FgpXn. Ahsbms aokm Kpemans
sse{_dnbnemWv Cv kqnsncnp
Xv.
emtlmdn (Av CybnemWv emtlm
DXv) B ImeLn Pohn Alvep

pbpsS ]nXm CimApp F
t]cn Cdnb ]{Xn lZokv \ntj
[nIfmb Cu Iq, JmZnbm\nIsf t]mse
Im^ndpIfmsWv {]Jym]nncpp. lZokn
s\ \ntj[npI FXv Ckveman \nv X
s ]pdv t]mIp hnjbamsWv Ah
a\nemnbncpp.

kknZv AlvaZv Jm, NndmKv Aen,
Apm PpKvUmehn, AlvaZpo AarXk
cn, AlvaZv _thkv Fnhscms Im^ndp
IfmsWmWv ap^vXnI ^Xvh \Inbncp
Xv.

ChcpsS \akvImc cq]w:

Apm PpKvUmehnbpsS \akvImcw

Apm PpKvUmehnbpsS \akvImc cq
]w AbmfpsS ]pkvXIn \nv \apv a
\nemmw:

\akvImc kab PpKvUmehnbpsS ASp
:

) : \t (
(kqcy (BImiayn \nv) sXnbXv
apX cm{Xn CcppXv hsc (\nivNnX kab
fn) \o \akvImcw apd{]Imcw \nhln
pI JpB ]mcmbWw sNbvXpsImp
{]`mX \akvImchpw (\ne\npI) Xo
bmbpw {]`mX\akvImcnse JpB ]m
cmbWw kmyw hlnsSpXmIpp.)
Cu Bbns ASnm\n Av
t\cw Xs \akvIcnWw Fv Abm k
Xnp. \akvImcns dIvAv cmhmw,
aqmhmw,\memhmw Fsms Abm hmZn
pIbpw sNbvXp.AXn\p sXfnhmbn Dcn
Bbv ImWpI: Amlp ]dbpp:

) : (

(BImifpw `qanbpw krjvSnpmnbh
\pw cpw aqpw \mepw NndIpIfp ae
pIsf ZqXamcmbn \ntbmKnh\pamb A
mlphn\v kvXpXn. krjvSnbn Xm Dtin
pXv Ah A[nIampp. Xobmbpw
Amlp GXv Imcyn\pw Ignhph\mIp
p.) Cs\bmWv Abm sXfnhv ]nSnXv.

XIv_odp Clvdmans cq]w:
XIv_odp Clvdman\pw JpB\n
\nv Xs sXfnhv thWatm.. Atm A
bm AXn\v sXfnhv ]nSnXv ImWpI:

_
.
) : s: (
(Xobmbpw Amlp DX\pw alm\pamIp
p.) Fv Amlp JpB\n ]dnpv.
AXv sImv CXv ]dmWv Clvdman t]m

tIXv, Fv ]dv sIm Fv
Atlw ]dbpp.

kpPqZns cq]w

dpIqAv Ignm ]ns CAvXnZm C
. ImcWw AsXmpw JpB\n ]dnn
tm.. dpIqC\v tijw AhnSv Hcp Nmam
Wv thsXmWv. ]ns kemw hoepan.
kpPqZn \nv Xs FWov t]mIemWv. C
s\sbmsbmWv CcmcpsS \akvIm
cns Ah.

aplZv daZm\pw \akvImchpw

aplZv daZm Fbm asmcp cq]
nemWv \akvImcs a\nemnbXv. A
bmfpsS ASp \akvImcw aqv hJvXv am
{Xambncpp. Akzvdpw, aKvcn_pw Alvep A
lvhmD (Cb\pkcnv \Sph) sIm
v hXmsWmWv Cbm ]dbpXv.


Fm dIvAnepw Hcp kpPqZv aXn F
mWv CbmfpsS \akvImc cq]ns tIm
ew. AXvt]mse kpPqZv Ahkm\nv Ignm
Fgptv t]mhpIbpw sNmas{X. PpKv
UmehnbpsS \akvImc cq]nse Nne Imcy
tfmSv (CAvXnZm CmsX dpIqC \nv
kpPqZntev NmSpXv) Ctlw tbmPnp
pv.

emtlmco lZokv \ntj[nIfpw \akvImchpw

AhcpsS \akvImcw XpSpXv {]hm
NI() ]Tnn {]mcw` {]m\ sIm
. adnv dkq() aZo\bntev lnPvd h
tm {]mnXmbn ap^ndpI ]d
Bbv Bb

.
.
) : t (
(Fs cnXmth, kXyns {]thi\am
KneqsS \o Fs {]thinntWta) F
v ]dv sImmWv FmWv AhcpsS hm

Zw. AtXmsSmw Ah dpIqC aqv Bb
pw kpPqZn Av Bbpw HmXmdpm
bncpp.

knZv dôDw \akvImchpw

\akvImcw \mev hJvt Dq Fv A
bm ]dp.lZokv \ntj[nIfn \akvIm
cn\v ]e-pw ]e hJvmWv. AhbpsS
t]cpI: 1 XlpZv \akvImcw, 2 ^Pv
\akvImcw 3 Zplv \akvImcw, 4 kmbm
(sshIptc) \akvImcw. Cs\ \mev hJv
pI.CXn XlpZpw, ^Pvdpw \akvIcn-
ptm Ingv `mKt-pw, Zplvdpw, ssh
Iptc \akvImchpw ]Snmdv `mKtpw
XncnmWv \akvIcntXv FmWv Abm
]dbpXv. CXn\v ImcWw ]dbpXv Jp
B\n Amlp Ingpw ]Snmdpsams
AmlphntXmsWv ]dnpsmWv.

Ccw {]lk\fpw, aXs Ifnbm
epsamsbmWv lZokv \ntj[ns ê
ambn Cy taJeIfn DmbXv.

Ad_nInSbn Imcyamb kzm[o\w
Cu \ntj[-pw ]cnlmkpw Dm
bn Fv \mw a\nemn. Fm Cybn
Cpw CXv {]Ncnv sImt Ccnpp.

dkq() t]mb hgnbneqsS t]mhm
tmgp IpgfmWv Ccw hgntISpI
v ImcWw. hnip JpB\n Amlp d
kq()tbmSv ]dXv ImWpI:

.
.
) . : :: (
(\n\v \mw Dt_m[\w AhXcnnv Xn
cnpp. P\mbn AhXcnnsXv
\o Ahv hnhcnpsImSpm thnbpw,
Ah Nnnm thnbpw.)

Cu hnhcWw {]hmNI()bn \nv
a\nemmXn\m DmIp A]IS
fmWnXv. Cu Bbn hnip JpB\nt\

bpw, AXns hniZoIcWamb Xncpkpn
t\bpw thXncnv ]dXv kphyamWv.

]ns asmcp ev Amlp ]d
Xv ImWpI:

.
) : (
(]noSv AXv hnhcnp Xcepw \psS _m[y
XbmIpp)

hnip JpB\ns\ hnhcnm Am
lp GsSp B _m[yXbmWv apIfn kq
Nnn BbneqsS Amlp hyamnb
Xv.AYhm AXv hniZoIcnm dkq()sb
sXscsSpp Fw. Atm Am
lphnt\mSpw dkq()tbmSpw FXncnSm\mh
cpXv Hcp apkvenw {intXv.

Chcpmp kwib

Ch P\nSbn Dmp kw
ib \apv N sNmw.AXn s]Xm
Wv, Amlp JpB\n ]dnpv:

_
.
) : st (
({Kn (JpB\n) \mw bmsXmpw
hogvN hcpnbnn.)

Cu Bbn ]dbs {Kw
BsWmWv `qcn`mKw ap^ndpIfptS
bpw A`n{]mbw. Camw iuIm\nsb t]mep
Nne ]nX AXv hnip JpB\msWpw
A`n{]mbsSppv. Cu A`n{]mbn, \
apv th Fm Imcyfpw JpB\n X
s Dmhptm ]ns Fn\mWv lZokv
FmWv Ah tNmZnpXv. Adnhnmh
v s]sv CXv icnbmsWv tXmmw. F
m Adnhnmh Adnhnmbvabn Iq
Sn t]mImsX Amlp ]dXv t]mse Adn
hphtcmSv tNmZnv a\nememWv th
Xv. Amlp ]dbpXv ImWpI:

.
.
) . : :s (
(\ndnv IqsSn (thZw aptJ\) D
t_m[\w e`nhtcmSv \n tNmZnv t\m
pI.)

AmsX aXn \psS Cn\\p
kcnv \nbafpw Bcm[\m coXnIfpapm
m \apv A[nImcan. Amlphpw dkq
()bpw ]Tnn hn[w am{Xw Imcy sN
thcmWv \.

hnip JpB\n Fm Imcyfpw hnhcn
snpv F Bbns hnhcWw C
\n \apv a\nemmw.

kImpw hnip JpB\pw
Amlp kImns\ Ipdnv hnip Jp
B\n ]dbppv. kzWnpw shn
psamw kImv \IWsapw,kImn
s AhIminI Fv hn`mKamsWpw A
mlp Adnbnppv.AXv t]mse kImv

sImSpmhp intbbpw Amlp
Adnbnpp.

Amlp ]dbpXv ImWpI:
.
.

.
.

.
.
.
.
) : s: (
kzWhpw shnbpw \nt]amnshpI
bpw, Amlphns amKn AXv sNeh
gnmXncnpIbpw sNphcmtcm Ahv
thZ\tbdnb insbn ktmjhm
AdnbnpI.

kImns AhIminIsf Ipdnv A
mlp ]dbpXv ImWpI:
.
.
) : (

Zm\[ (\tIXv) Zcn{Zampw,
AKXnIpw,AXns Imcyn {]hn
phpw(Ckvemapambn) a\pI CW
shpw, ASnaIfpsS (tamN\ns)
Imcynepw, ISw sImv hnjanph
pw, Amlphns amKnepw, hgnt]m
pw am{XamWv. Amlphn \nv \nivN
bnsXs{X CXv. Amlp Fmw Adnbp
h\pw bpIvXnam\pamWv.

kImv \IWsapw AXns Ah
IminI Cu Bbn kqNnn hn[am
sWpw \apv a\nemm km[np. F
m Fs\ NnehgnWsapw, Ftmgm
Wv NnehgntXpsapw,F{X sImSpW
sapw hnipJpB\n hnhcnsnn.
Ah a\nemWsan {]hmNI()bp
sS hniZoIcWw A\nhmcyamWv. AXn\v th
nbmWv {]hmNI()sb Amlp \ntbm
KnXv Xs.


hnip JpB\n Fm Imcyfpw
samambn hnhcnpIbpw,AXns hnhcW
n\v {]hmNI()tbmSv Amlp Inp
IbpamWpmbXv.CXv \ a\nemWw.

\akvImchpw hnip JpB\pw

\akvImcns Av hJvpIsf Ip
dnv Amlp hnip JpB\n ]dnn
Fv Ch kwibapmmdpv. Amlp
]dbpXv ImWpI:

) : \t (
kqcy(BImiayn \nv) sXnbXv ap
X cm{Xn CcppXv hsc(\nivNnX kab
fn) \o \akvImcw apd{]Imcw \nhlnp
I JpB ]mcmbWw sNbvXpsImp {]
`mX \akvImchpw (\ne\npI) Xobm
bpw {]`mX\akvImcnse JpB ]mcmb
Ww kmyw hlnsSpXmIpp.


Cu Bbn \nv Xs Av \akv
Imcsf Ipdnv Amlp AdnbnpXv \
apv a\nemm km[npw. IqSmsX dkq
() Ah hnhcnv Xnpapv.AXn\pw ]pd
sa Akzv \akvImcs Ipdnv Amlp {]
tXyIw ]dbpXpw ImWpI:

) : st (
{]m\I (AYhm \akvImc) \n
kqvaXtbmsS \nhlnp t]mtcXm
Wv. {]tXyInpw DIrjvSamb \akvImcw.
Amlphns apn `bÌvXntbmSp IqSn
\np sImmIWw \n {]mnpXv.

CXn ]d Akzv \akv
ImcamsWmWv `qcn`mKw ap^ndpIfpw ]d
bpXv.

Cs\ \akvImcns kabn
Bibpgw Dmphv Hmtcm \akv
Imcnepw dIvApI \nbnm B
cmWv ]TnnXv? AXv JpB\n ]dnp
tm? Hmtcm \akvImcnepw {]tXyI F

w dIvApI ]TnnXmcmWv?. dkq()
bmWv Ch \apv ]Tnnv XXv. AXv sIm
v B dkq()sb ]n]pI FXmsX
kzw _pn sImv cq]sSpp Bcm[
\I sNm\ Amlp ]dXv Fv A
h a\nemWw. ChnsS Amlp hniZoI
cWw ]dnn Fv hmZnv Ccw Imcy
Ch Dt]npptm Fv Nnn
Ww. X\nv tXmnbXv FSpm\pw, X\n
v CanmXv Xm\pw A apkvenw {i
antXv.

AXv t]mse Xs bm{XbnemsWn
\mev dIvAp \akvImcw cv dIvAm
bn Npcpn \akvIcnt cq]w JpB\n
hnhcnnn. Npcpn \akvIcnmw Fv
am{XamWv Amlp JpB\n ]dnp
Xv. Amlp ]dbpXv ImWpI.

.
.
) : (
(\n `qanbn bm{XsNpIbmsWn k
Xy\ntj[nI \nv \miw hcppsa
v \n `bsSp ]w \akvImcw Np
cpn \nhlnpXn \nv Ipan.)

Fm dkq()bmWv GXv cq]n
emWv Npcpn \akvIcntXv Fv \s
]TnnXv. Atm lZokv \ntj[np C
h CXv Fs\bmbncnpw \akvIcnpI.
AXv t]mse JpB\n dIvApI ]Tnn
nn. AXv sImv Hcp dIvAv am{Xw \a
kvIcnIcnm aXn Fv hmZnp Ch F
s\bmWv Npcpn \akvIcnpI.

Bhw, {]kh cw Fnhbph
cpambn _w ]pem ]mSn Fv \ap
dnbmw. Bhaphcpambn _sSm
]mSnsv JpB ]TnnXmWv. Fm

Cs\bp kv{XoI \akvIcncpsX
v hnip JpB ]Tnnnptm? C
s\ JpB am{Xw aXn Fv hmZnp C
hcpsS kv{XoI Ccw thfIfnepw \akv
Icntn hcpw. Ccw Imcy apkveow
I {]tXyIw {inWw.

tamnhtbpw, tamnhfptSbpwssI
shWsav Amlp ]dbppv.Amlp ]
dbpXv ImWpI:

.
.

) : st (
tamjvSnphsbpw tamjvSnphfpsS
bpw ssII \n apdnpIfbpI.Ah k
mZnXnp {]Xnêhpw, Amlphn
\np amXrIm]camb inbpamWXv. Am
lp {]Xm]nbpw bpIvXnam\pamIpp.

Ihs ssI shWsaXmWv Am
lp AdnbnpXv. Atm Cu Bbn\v
lZokv \ntj[nI asmcp Aw shp

p.
F ]Zn\v in F Aw
\IpIbpw, Iamsc CmXmm Kh
sv in {]tbmKnWw FmpIbpw
sNbvXp. C\n ssI shpIbmsWn Xs
FhnsSbmWv shtXv. ssI]SamtWm, A
tXm ssIapmtWm shtsXmpw JpB
hnhcnn.AXvt]mse F{X ImemWv sh
tXv,FhnSpv FSpm shWw, Ftm
shWsasmpw AXn C.

Amlp ]d cq]n dkq()
sb A\pkcnv sImv Pohnm Ccw
Bibpgfpmhn. Asn Am
lp ]dXn hogvNbpv Fv ]dtbn
hcpw. Fm Amlp ]dbpXv ImWpI:
...
... ) : s (
Cv Rm \nv \nfpsS aXw ]qn
bmn Xncnpp. Fs A\p{Klw \n
v Rm \ndthncnIbpw sNbvXncnp

p. aXambn Ckvemans\ Rm \nv
Xr]vXnsv Xncnpp

aXw ]cn]qWambnpv. AXv JpB\pw
Xncpkppw A\pkcnsn am{Xta \ap
v bmYmyamm km[npIbpq. A
XmWv kzlm_nIfn \ IXv. Ah
v JpB am{Xw aXn Fpw, lZokv th
Fpap Nn Dmbnt C.

Atm apIfn kqNnn {]iv\fn
\nv \apv a\nemm km[npXv
Amlp JpB\n ]e Imcyfpw s]mXp
hmbn ]cmainpIbmWv sNmdpXv F
mWv.Cs\ samn Imcy ]dbp
tmsgmw Amlp Bhnv DWp
Hcp ImcyamWv \n Amlphnt\bpw A
hs dkq()tbbpw A\pkcnpIbpw, d
kq() ]Tnn Imcy kzoIcnpIbpw,
hnenb Imcyfn \nv hnv \npI
bpw sNWsaXv. CXv adptmgpw, AXn

s\ \ntj[nptmgpw A]ISfn IpSpp
saXv bmYmyamWv.

dkq()sb A\pkcnh Amlphns\
A\pkcnncn-pp

dkq()sb A\pkcnh Amlphn
s\ A\pkcnp Fv \mw a\nemn. Am
lp ]dbpXv ImWpI:

.
_
) : t (
(Amlphns) ZqXs\ B A\pkcnpp
thm Xobmbpw Ah Amlpsh A\pk
cnp.B ]nncnpthm AhcpsS ta Im
hmc\mbn \ns \mw \ntbmKnnn.

CXn \nv dkq()sb A\pkcn
Ww Fp Imcyw \apv kphyamWv.
JpB\n ]d Imcyfn am{Xw dkq
()sb A\pkcnm aXn Fv CXn \n
v Inn.dkq() \s Adnbnp Fm

Imcyfnepw Cu A\pkcWw \n Dm
bncnWw.IqSmsX Amlp \s Adnbnp
asmcp Imcyw {inpI:

) : (
Xobmbpw \nv Amlphns ZqX\n
Daamb amXrIbpv.AXmbXv Amlp
shbpw AyZn\sbpw {]Xonp sImn
cnpIbpw,Amlpsh [mcmfambn Hmanp
Ibpw sNbvXp hcphv.

aXns Fm hnjbfnepw Cu am
XrI hnizmknIv DsmWv Amlp ]
dbpXv.Amlp amXrIbmWsav ]d
Cu amXrIbmWv lZokv \ntj[nI CmXm
pXv. Cu kapZmbns Camw BWv dkq
().

CXv kzoIcnmh Cu Bbns\
FXnpIbmWv sNpXv. dkq() Fv
]dmepw, {]hnmepw \mw AXns\ ]n

pScWw. ImcWw dkq() hlvbns ASn
m\nemWv kwkmcnmdpXv. Amlp
]dbpXv ImWpI:

) . : s (
Atlw XnjvS{]Imcw kwkmcnppan.
AXv Atln\v Znhyktiambn \
IsSp Hcp Dt_m[\w am{XamIpp.
iIvXnamb Ignhph\mWv (Pn_vco F
aemWv) Atls ]TnnnpXv.

dkq()tbmSv FXncmhphv Plw

CsXmpw {inmsX dkq()v F
Xncmbn sImv Xncnv Ifbp BfpIsf
Ipdnv Amlp AdnbnpXv ImWpI.
<

.
<
.
_
) : (

cn hgnv Xs \mw Ahs\ XncnphnSp

JpB a{Xw aXn Fv ]dbp Bfp
I Nne hnjbfn dkq() A\pkcn
ppsn AXv JpB\msWv ]dtb
n hcpw.AXv t]mse dkq() JpB\m
assnepw ]dm AXwKoIcnt
Xn Fv ]dm AXn\v JpB\n
\nv sXfnhpw thn hcpw. CXv cpw icn
b FXmWv \apv a\nemhpXv.

dkq()bpsS am PohnXhpw lZokpIfpw

\_n()bpsS am PohnXw FSpm
AXnse ]e Imcyfpw hnip JpB\n
ImWm km[nn. B Imepmb ]e

kw`hfpw hnip JpB\n hniZoIcn
snn. JpB am{Xta AwKoIcnq
Fv ]dbphv Acw Imcy Adn
bm km[nn.

lnPvd k`s Ipdnpw, lnPvdbpsS
thfbn dkq()bpsS IqsSbp IqpIm
cs\ Ipdnpw hnip JpB Adnbnpp
v. Amlp ]dbpp:

.
.
.
.
.
) : : (
\n Atls klmbnpnsn;
kXy\ntj[nI Atls ]pdmpI
bpw, Atlw cpt]cn Hcm Bbncnp
Ibpw sNbvX k`n AYhm Ah c
pt]cpw (\_n()bpw A_q_dpw())B
Kplbnembncptm Amlp Atls
klmbnnpv. Atlw Xs IqpImct\m

Sv, ZpxJnt. Xobmbpw Amlp \psS
IqsSbpv Fv ]dbp k`w.
lnPvdbpsS IqSpX Imcyfpw hniZo
IcnsXv lZoknemWv. Cu Bbn ]
d dkq()bpsS IqpImcs\ lZokv th
Fv ]dm Fs\bmWv a\nem
m km[npI.

lZokns\ Amlp kwcn-pp

hnip JpBs\ Amlp kwcnp
tXmsSmw {]hmNI()bpsS lZokpItf
bpw Amlp kwcnppv. Hmw \qm
n\v tijw Hmtcm ImeLfn lZokp
Isf Xm\pw,I lZokpI Dmm\pw
BfpI {ianncpp.Fm Amlp Gs
SpXv sImv Xs As\bphcn \n
v Ah lZokpIsf kwcnnpv.A
s\bmWv kzlolmb lZokv, lk\mb lZo
kv, Zp_eamb lZokv Fns\sbms
lZokpI thXncnsXv. {]hmNI()
bpsS apgph lZokpIfpw IrXyambn t{Im

UoIcnsnpapv. almcYamcmb Cam
apamcneqsS Amlp Cu Imcyw \ndthn F
v \apv Ncn{Xw ]cntim[nm a\nnem
m Ignbp bmYmyamWv.

JpB Amlphns Iemw BWv

JpB Amlphns Iemw BsW
v \s AdnbnpXv dkq() BWv. Pn
_vco() CXv \psS ssIIfn t\cnv F
nv Xnntm... aplZv \_n() Ap
bpsSbpw, Ban\bptSbpw aI\msWv hn
ip JpB\n ImWm km[ya. dkq
() abnemWv P\nsX-pw JpB\n ]
dnn.]ns AsXms lZokns\ \ntj
[nph Fs\ a\nem-pw.AsXms
lZokpIfneqsS dkq() ]Tnnp Imcy
fmWv. Rm \_nbmsWv dkq() ]d
bppv.AXv abnse C BfmsWv Jp
B am{Xw aXn Fv hmZnphv F
s\ a\nem km[npw. AXv t]mse

aplZv() Amlphns ZqX\msWv hnip
JpB Adnbnppv. B aplZv()
C hynbmsWv ]TnnpXpw lZokp
I XsbmWv.

lZokv \ntj[nI Im^ndpIsfv JpB

AmlpthmsSmw, dkq()sb A\p
kcnm BfpI Im^ndpIfmsWv Am
lp Adnbn-pp:

)
: s (
]dbpI: \n Amlpshbpw dkqens\bpw
A\pkcnphn. C\n Ah ]nncnpIf
bp]w Amlp kXy\ntj[nIsf kvt\
lnpX; Xo.

Cu Bbn Amlphns\bpw dkq
()tbbpw A\pkcnm Amlp Adnbn
ptXmsSmw, AXv {inmsX ]nncn
v Ifbphcmb Im^ndpIsf Amlp C

sSpIbn Fv Adnbnpp. AXv sIm
v lZokpIsf \ntj[nv sImv Ip^vdn
AIsSpXns\ \mw kqnpI.

AXv sImmWv emtlmdnse Alvepp
ns ]nXam lZokv \ntj[nIfm
b BfpI Im^ndpIfmsWv {]Jym]nXv.

hnizmkn\v tijw Im^ndpIfmp C
cm {inpI

Cuam e`nXn\v tijw kXy \ntj[
ntev aSp lZokv \ntj[nIsf t]m
ephscIpdnv Amlp ]dbpXv ImWpI:

.
.
.
.
) : (
hnizknXn\v tijw AhnizmknIfmbn amdp
Ibpw, Ahnizmkw IqSnqSn hcnIbpw sNbv
X hn`mKns ]ivNmm]w Hcnepw kzo
IcnsSpIbn. Ahcs{X hgn]ngh.


Adnhnmbva aqew lZokv \ntj[n
AIsh, Imcyw a\nembXn\v tijhpw
AXnXs Ddv \nmep A]IS Cu
Bbns shfnn \apv a\nemhp
XmWv. lZokv \ntj[ns A]ISw a\
nembm DS Xs AXn \nv ]namdn
bnsn hgn]nghcmbn Ah amdpXm
Wv.Ccw A]ISfn Adnhnmbva aqew
AIsSmsX AdnhphtcmSv Imcy tNm
Znv a\nemWw Fv ]dXv AXns
Luchw sImmWv Fv XncndnbWw.

Im^ndpIfmbn acnphsc Ipdnv

\ntj[nIfmbn Ip^vdn Xs acnp
hscpdnv Amlp ]dbpXv ImWpI:

.
.
.
.
)
: (
AhnizknpIbpw AhnizmknIfmbnsm
v acnpIbpw sNbvXhcns] Hcm `qan

\ndsb kzWw {]mbivNnambn \Inbm
t]mepw AXv kzoIcnsSpX. Ah
mWv thZ\tbdnb inbpXv.Ahv k
lmbnIfmbn BcpapmbncnpXpa.

lZokpIfn Zp_eambhbpw Ct?

Ch P\nSbn DmIp asm
cp kwibamWv lZokpIfn _elo\amb
hbpw Ct F tNmZyw. Cs\ tNmZnp
htcmSv ]dbm\pXv Ah BZyw lZokv
\ntj[w Ahkm\nnv, Xu_ sNbvXv Ckv
emantev ISv hcWsaXmWv.

hnip JpBs\ Amlp kwcnp
sav hnip JpB Adnbnppv. A
mlp ]dbpp:
.
.
.
.
.
<
) : (
Xobmbpw \mamWv B Dt_m[\w Ah
XcnnXv. Xobmbpw \mw AXns\ Impkq
npXpamWv.


JpB\ns\ kwcnpsav ]d d
v lZokpIsfbpw kwcnpsav hnip
JpB\neqsS Adnbnpp:

.
) : (
(]noSv AXv hnhcnpXcepw \psS _m[y
XbmIpp.) AYhm temImhkm\w hsc hn
ip JpB hnhcnv Xcepw Amlphn
s _m[yXbmsWv ChnsS Adnbnpp.
AXns hniZoIcWamb lZokpItfbpw A
h kwcnv sImt Ccnpsaw.

lZokns\ AwKoIcn-ptXmsSmwAXns\
\ntj[n-ph

lZokns\ kzoIcnptXmsSmw AXn
NneXns\ \ntj[np tcmKamWv \p
sS CSbn IvsImncnpXv.AXn\v Im
cWambn ]dbpXv lZokn _pnv tbm
Pnmhbpw DsmWv.\_n()v knlv
_m[nXns\ hnhcnp kzlolmb lZo
kv t]msebph _pnv AwKoIcnm

km[nn Fv ]dmWv AhcXv Xp
Xv.
aXns Imcy \s ]Tnnm\pw,
dkq() a\pjy\msWpw, a\pjy klP
amb hogvN dkq()v _m[npsapw a\
nemncm thnbpw Amlp dkq
()v amcWw Xnp. B k`n cnkm
ens Hcp XXzhpw adpItbm, AXv Fn
v XcpXn hogvN hcnItbm sNbvXnn.X
s `mcybntev sNtm Ct F Hcp kw
ibw am{XamWv AXv aptJ\ dkq()v D
mbXv. apivcnpI ]dbpXv t]msebp
amcWw dkq()v Xnbnn. AhcpsS ASp
Adnbs amcWw _pnbnm, If
hv ]dbp AhbnepXmWv.As\bp
amcWw dkq()v _m[nnpsv l
Zoknepw C. amcWn \nv cstS
coXn Amlp CXneqsS ]Tnnp. CXn _p
nv tbmPnmXmbn Hpan. amcWhpam
bn _sv Hcp kzlm_npw kwibap

Xmbn dntmv sNsXv ImWm km[yhp
a.

Ccn adhnbpsS kpPqZv dkq
()v ]Tnnv sImSpm thn Amlp
\akvImcn dkq()v adhn \In.Cu
kw`hw lZokn ImWmw:

<
.
.
) (
(A_q lpssdd()bn \npw \nthZ\w.dkq
() (\akvImcn) cv dIvAn\v ti
jw hncanp. Atm dkq()tbmSv Zpb
ssZ tNmZnp: Atbm Amlphns ZqX
tc, \akvImcw Npcpstm, AX Xm
adtm..? Atm dkq() tNmZnp: Zpb
ssZ kXyamtWm ]dXv? Atm P\

(kzlm_nI) ]dp:AsX. Atm dkq
() Fgptv thsd cv dIvAv \akvI
cnp kemw hon ]ns XIv_o sNmn (\a
kvImcnse) kpPqZv t]msebp Asn
AXnt\m ZoLn kpPqZv sNbvXp.)(a
dhnbpsS kpPqZns Hcp cq]amWnXv)

Amlphn\v adhnbpsS kpPqZv ]Tnnm
Cs\ adhn kw`hnnmsX Xs sN
mambncpp. Fnpw Cu cq]nemWv A
mlp CXv sNbvXXv.

Atm _pnv tbmPnpn Fv
]dv Hmtcmtmtcmmbn \ntj[nv Ah
km\w lZokpI Xs th Fv hmZn
emhpw Ccw \ntj[nI sNpI. apgph
lZokpIfpw Xp Ahbmbncnpw A
hpmhpI. Ccmsc apkveowI \
mbn kqnWw. aXw ]Tnn Fm Im
cyfpw kwibanmsX kzoIcnthcmWv
hnizmknI.


kzlolmb ncoIcns lZokpI
_pnv tbmPnmepw, Csnepw kzoIcn
WsaXmWv ke^pzmenlpI ]d
Xv.AXv t]mse Xs \ Ah kzoIcnm
XmdmhpI.
A_qlpssdd()hpw lZokpIfpw.

tNmZyw: BCi(), dkq()tbmSv Iq
sS IqSpX hjw Xmaknnpv. Fnpw
aqv hjw am{Xw dkq()tbmsSmw Pohn
A_qlpssdd() Fs\bmWv IqSpX
lZokpI dntmv sNbvXXv?

A_q lpssdd() aqv sImtmfw d
kq()tbmsSmw Pohn hynbmWv. dkq
()tbmsSmw Fm k`fnepw hnSmsX
IqSp ]Xnhv Ctlnpmbncpp. dkq
() ]dbp Fm Imcyfpw Atlw Ir
Xyambn dntmv sNmdpmbncpp.IhSw
t]msebp ap ùXnI Imcyfn A_q
lpssdd() Gsncpn. Hmw \qmnse

Bpw A_qlpssdd()hpambn _sv
Hcp kwibhpapmbn.HmdnbenpI {]
Ncnn kwibfmWv A_qlpssdd()hp
ambpw, apw _sv P\nSbn C
v {]NcnXv. Xm_nCbmb aplZv _v\n in
lm_v Akvkplvcn()tbbpw Ccn A
h Zpcmtcm]Wncbmnbnpv. B
Imcy IrXyambn \mw a\nemWw.

_pnv tbmPnmsXv ]dv l
ZokpI Xp coXn apImemcn Dm
bncpn. ]ns Fs\bmWv 1400 tesd h
jv tijw \fn B tcmKw Dm
hpI. lZokpIfn ncs Imcysf X
ndbpXneqsS aXnt\bmWv XpXv
Fv Ah AdnncnWw. bmsXmcp kw
ibhpw IqSmsX hnip JpBt\msSmw d
kq()bpsS XncpkppItfbpw kzoIcn
-pI. Amlp A\p{Klnp amdmhs.. B
ao.

.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.

) : t (
\n\v Amlp ImWnpXX\pkcnv P\
nSbn \o hn[nI]nphm thn
bmWv kXy{]Imcw \mw \n\v thZ{Kw A
hXcnnp XnpXv.\o hIamv th
n hmZnph\mIcpXv.AmlpthmSv ]m
]tamN\w tXSpI. Xobmbpw Amlp Gsd
s]mdpph\pw IcpWm\n[nbpamIpp.
BXvah\ \Snsmncnp BfpI
v thn \o XncpXv. almhI\pw
A[Imcnbpamb Hcmsfbpw Amlp Cjv
SsSpItb C.Ah P\fn \nv(Im
cy) Hfnp shpp.Fm Amlphn

\nv (Hpw) Hfnpshm Ahv Ign
bn. Amlp CjvSsSm hmpIfneqsS
Ah cm{Xnbn KqVmtemN\ \Snsm
ncnptm Ah AhcpsS IqsSs
bpv. Ah {]hnpsXmw kq
ambn Adnbph\mIpp Amlp.
lZokv \ntj[nIsf Ipdnpw, AXns
XpSs Ipdnpap Nne kp{][m\ Imcy
\mw a\nem-pIbpmbn.

{]hmNImcpsS _m[yX {]t_m[\w am{Xw

apgph {]hmNIamcptSbpw _m[yX
P\v ZuXyw Fnv sImSppI F
pXmWv.temIP\p amKZiI
\mbn \ntbmKns Ahkm\s {]hmN
I\mWv aplZv dkq().Amlp dkq()
sb \ntbmKnXpw Amlphn \np Imcy
\apv Fnv XcnI F DchmZ
hpambnmWv. Amlp ]dbpXv {inpI:
) : (

dkqens ta {]t_m[\ _m[yX am{Xta
bpq.\n shfnsSppXpw Hfnpsh
pXpsamw Amlp Adnbpp.

Cu Imcyw Amlp hnip JpB\n
Bhnv DWpXv \apv ImWmhp
XmWv: Amlp ]dbpXv ImWpI:

.
.
.
.
) . : s (
Fm ssZhZqXamcpsS ta kv]jvSam
b {]t_m[\amsX h _m[yXbpaptm ?

) . : : (
\o ]dbpI: \n Amlpsh A\pkcnp
hn. dkqens\bpw \n A\pkcnphn.
Fm \n ]nncnbp ]w Atlw
(dkq()) NpaXesSps Imcyn
am{XamWv Atln\v _m[yXbpXv. \n

v _m[yXbpXv \n NpaXe G]n
s ImcynemWv. \n Atls A
\pkcnpIbmsWn \nv kamKw
{]m]nmw. dkqens _m[yX hyIvXamb {]
t_m[\w am{XamIpp.
) : t (
\n \ntj[nv XpIbmsWn \n
p app ]e kapZmbfpw \ntj[nv X
pIbpmbnpv.ssZhZqXs _m[yX hy
IvXamb {]t_m[\w am{XamIpp.
) : \ (
hyIvXamb {]t_m[\amsX Rv bm
sXmcp _m[yXbpan.

) : :t (

C\n Ah XncnpIfbpIbmsWn(\_n
tb,) \ns \mw AhcpsS ta Imhmc
\mbn Abnn. \ns ta {]t_m[\ _m
[yX am{Xtabpp.

Ana {]hmNI() B ZuXyw hfsc
IrXyambn \nhlnnpv FXv hyam
Wv. hnip JpB\pw, Xncpkppw B Im
cyw \s Adnbnppapv.

AXv sImv Xs hnip JpB\n
Adnbns GXv Imcytbpw dkq()
hniZoIcnXv ncoIcnsv \psS ASp
Fnbm Ah apgph kzoIcn
\psS _m[yXbmWv. B Imcy apgph
aXns `mKamsWpw, Ahbn hogvN h
cpnbm Ahs hnizmkw ]qWamhn
Fpw AdnncntXpamWv.

JpB\npIf, Ch JpB \ntj[nI

lZokv \ntj[nI bYmn A
hcpsS \ntj[neqsS Ip^vdntemWv F

ntcpXv. aXn \nv ]pdv t]mb ap
pIfmWh. Ah JpB\npI F
t]cne hnfnstSXv, JpB \ntj[n
I FmWv.Ah kpns\ \ntj[np
XneqsS JpB\nt\bpw \ntj[npp.Im
cWw dkq()bpsS kpns\ kzoIcnm
hnip JpB I]nppv. dkq
()sb ]npScm Inp BbpIsf
sbmw ChcpsS \ntj[w aptJ\ Ch Xp
hcmWv.

Ah JpB AwKoIcnphcmsW
n hnip JpB m]np kp
ns\ Ah ]npScpambncpp. AX Ah
sNpXv. JpB\nt\bpw kpnt\bpw
XpIbmWv sNpXv.

1400 hjfntesd hnv ISnv BZy h
jfnsempanm hn[w Hcp {]tXyI hy
Xnbm\amWv lZokv \ntj[w F t]cn C
y taJeIfn Iv sImncnpXv.A
d_nIfn CXv thcqnbn FXv \ a

\nemn.Ad_nIfn Cu tcmKw ]cm
{ianXv Pamepo A^vKm\n, aplZv dio
Zv cnZ, aplZv Ap, AlvaZv Aao XpSn
bhcmbncpp. tIcfn Cu tcmKw _m[n
m\pw Ch ImcWambnpv.

JpB\pw Xncpkppw kzoIcntsX
ns\ ?

hnip JpB\ns\ hnhcntXv dkq
()bmsWv hnip JpB Xs ]d
XmWv.AXv dkq() IrXyambn \nhln
npapv. dkq()bn \nv Cu hniZoIc
Ww t\cnv tIh aplmPndpIfpw,Akzmdp
Ifpw Ds kzlm_nIfmWv. Ah a\n
emnbX\pkcnv Ah ]d cq]nem
bncnWw JpB\ns\ \mw ]TntXpw,]
TnntXpw, a\nemtXpw. Amlp
sXscsSphcmWh. Ghpw Da kap
ZmbamWv dkq()bpsS Dv Fv Ah
sc Ipdnv Amlp ]dbppv:

) : (
a\pjyhwin\p thn cwKv sImphc
s DakapZmbamIpp \n. \n
kZmNmcw I]npIbpw, ZpcmNmcn \n
v hnepIbpw, Amlphn hnizknpI
bpw sNpp.

Cu Bbns hnhcWsatmWw d
kq()]dbpp:
_
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
. .... ) (
(Apmln _v\n akvDuZv() \nthZ\w. \_n
() ]dp: P\fn Ghpw Da F
s \qmmWv (AYhm Fs \qmnse P
\fmWv) ]ns AhtcmSSph, ]ns A
htcmSSph...)


Cu Da kapZmbsa hntijWw D
hsc ]n]pI FXv \psS _m[yXbm
Wv.AXv \mw sNbvXnsn \psS \akvIm
cw, \psS kImv, \psS t\mv XpSn
b \mw sNp GsXmcp Iahpw kzoImcy
amhpIbn.AhcpsS hnhcWns ]nn
BbncnWw \psS Ia \nhln
stSXv. AXmsX \psS hIbmbn sN
p Iaf \mw sNtXv. \psS _p
nbn cq]sv hcp Iafpa. Cu A
Snm\n \nv hyXnNenhcmWv lZo
kns\ samntem, Asn `mKnIamtbm
Xph. Cu ASnm\n \nv hyXn
NenhcmWv aqv hJvXpImcmbn amdnbXv, C
s\bphcmWv dkq() \akvIcn cq
]n \akvIcnm km[nmh, C
s\bphcmWv dkq() Bcm[\m Ia
sNbvXv ImWnXv t]mse Ah sNm
km[nmh. Cs\ ]ngv t]mb Bfp
Iv Amlp lnZmbpw, kXyn A
Snbpdv \nm\p XuôJpw \Is.

cv kmy hmIy bmYmyamm

\mw sNmp
.
.
<
Fo cv kmy hmIy bmYm

yamIm XuloZv DsmptXmsSm
w, dkq()sb ]npScpIbpw, dkq()bn
amXrI IspIbpw sNWw.
.
F kmyhmIyns Aw
]nXam ]TnnpXv ImWpI:
) .
(
ssiJv aplZv _v\n An hlm_v ]d
p:
F kmy hmIyns
Aw:dkq() I]n Imcyfn dkq
()sb A\pkcn, dkq() Adnbn
Imcyfn dkq()sb kXysSp, d

kq() hntcm[npIbpw, AIn\npI
bpw sNbvX Imcysf AI (Hgnhm
), dkq() ]Tnn cq]n am{Xw A
mlphns\ Bcm[n FnhbmWv.

CXn \npw kpns\ AwKoIcn
tXns BhiyIX \apv a\nemmw.
CXnse GXv Imcyfpw _pnv tbmPnm
epw Csnepw \mw ISv AwKoIcn
Ww. Fnte \psS ilmZv ]qXbp
Xmhq.

JpB\n Fm hniZoIcWfpant...

hnip JpB Fm Imcyfpw hni
ZoIcnnpv Fv Amlp ]dnptm
F Hcp tNmZyw lZokns\ \ntj[np
Chcn \npw tImw.AXn\v Ah sXfn
hmbn Dcn-p Bbv {inpI:

.
.
.
.
.
_
) : (
Hmtcm Imcyhpw \mw \hw hniZoIcnncn
pp.

Amlp Imcy hyamnbnpv
FmWv CXn \npw a\nemtXv.Cu
hniZoIcWw Fs\bmsWv \apv a\n
emmw: Amlp dkq()tbmSv JpB hn
hcnv sImSpm ]dXv Cu Bbns
Bibn s]Spw. Amlp ]dbpp:

.
.
) . : :: (
(\n\v \mw Dt_m[\w (JpB) AhXcn
nv Xncnpp. P\mbn AhXcnn
sXv \o Ahv hnhcnpsImSpm th
nbpw, Ah Nnnm thnbpw.)


JpB sImv am{Xw Fm Imcy
fpw a\nem km[npsan ]ns A
mlp dkq()tbmSv JpB\ns\ hniZoI
cnm InsXv sImmWv Fv \mw
NnnWw.lZokv \ntj[nI ]dbp t]m
se FmImcyfpw JpB\n Amlp hn
iZoIcnnpsn ]ns dkq()tbmSv
hniZoIcnm ]dbpXn\v h Ahp
apmIptam?

asmcp Bbv IqSn ImWpI:

.
.
) : (
\n\v Amlp ImWnpXX\pkcnv P\
nSbn \o hn[nI]nphm thn
bmWv kXy{]Imcw \mw \n\v thZ{Kw A
hXcnnp XnpXv.\o hIamv th
n hmZnph\mIcpXv.

Amlp AdnbnpX\pkcnv P\
nSbn hn[n Inm\mWv ChntSbpw

Amlp dkq()tbmSv AdnbnpXv. Am
lp Fmw hniZoIcnnpv Fv ]dbph
, Amlp dkq()tbmSv Adnbnp Cu
Imcys Xtn hcnt..

AXv t]mse Xs dkq() Adnbnp
Imcy Fmw kzoIcnm Amlp
]dXv \ apv a\nemnbnpv. A
mlp ]dbpp:
<
) : \ (
\np dkq() \InbsXtm AXv \n
kzoIcnpI. Fsmn \nv At
lw \nsf hnentbm AXn \nv \n
Hgnv \npIbpw sNpI. \n A
mlpsh kqnpIbpw sNpI. Xobm
bpw Amlp ITn\ambn innph\mWv.


dkq()bpsS hniZoIcWw kzoIcnns
n

JpB\n\v dkq() \Ip hnhcWw
\mw kzoIcnpnsn ]e hgntISpIfpw
DmIpw. DZmlcWn\v: dkq() lns
Imcy Hmtcmmbn \s ]Tnnp. Jp
B sImv am{Xw Fs\bmWv \mw l
v sNpI?. Amlp ]dbpXv ImWpI:

.

.
.
.
.

.
) : (
Fnv BfpI (km[mcW XomSI) F
hnsS \nv ]pdsSppthm AhnsS \np X
s \nfpw ]pdsSpI.\n Amlpthm
Sv ]m]tamN\w tXSpIbpw sNpI. Amlp
Gsd s]mdpph\pw IcpWm\n[nbpamIp
p.

Nne ap^ndqIfpsS A`n{]mbn,
Cu Bbn apkvZen^bn \nv Pwdbn
Fdnbmthn an\bntev t]mIp Im

cyamWv Amlp \s AdnbnpXv. {]hmN
Is hniZoIcWw IqSmsX Cu Bbn
\nv am{Xw B Imcyw \apv Fs\ a\n
emm km[npw..?

BfpI t]mIptStv t]mhpI
Fv ]dXn \nv, Nne P\ thsd
GsXnepw `mKtv t]mbm AhtcmsSm
w t]mIm \apv ]ptam? dkq() \ap
v CXv ImWnv XXv apkvZen^bn \nv
an\bntev t]mbnsmmWv.AXv t]mse l
ns Iafn ]eXpw dkq()bmWv \
s ]TnnXv. JpB am{Xw aXn Fv ]d
bp BfpIv Hcnepw ]pWyw \nd
lv sNm km[nn.

Xzhm^pw lZokv \ntj[nIfpw

Xzhm^ns Imcyhpw CXv t]msebmWv.
Xzhm^v sNm Amlp ]dbppv. F
m Xzhm^v FhnSv XpSWsatm, F

{X Idw thWsatm JpB\n C. A
mlp ]dXv ImWpI:

.
) : (
]pcmX\amb B `h\s Ah {]ZnWw
shpIbpw sNbvXpsIms.

CXn Xzhm^ns hniZ hnhc A
mlp Adnbnnn.AXv ]Tnn\mWv Am
lp dkq()sb \ntbmKnXv. Amlphn
\np hlvbns ASnm\n dkq
() BWv B Imcy \apv hyambn
]dv XXv. Cu Bbns am{Xw ASn
m\n lZokv \ntj[nv Fs\ Xz
hm^v sNm\mIpw.

CXn \nsms \apv a\nemm
\p Imcyw, Amlp JpB\n Imcy
samn AdnbnpIbpw B Imcy
hniZoIcnm dkq()sb \ntbmKnpI
bpamWpmbXv FmWv.

kpns\ JpB ncoIcn-pp

JpB\nse Nne Imcy kpneq
sS hXmWv F kqN\ Amlp \Ip
pv. kpns\ Amlp ncoIcnp
XmWv AXn \npw \apv a\nemm
km[n-pXv.

Jn_ve amw

AXn s]XmWv Jn_ve amw.dkq()
BZyw Xncnv \akvIcnXv ss_p ap
JZnkntemWv. AXv sImv Xs aZo\bn
se ]gb akvPnZpIfmb akvPnZp_hn, akv
PnZv Jp_mAv, akvPnZp Jn_vessX (akv
PnZp _\okena) Fnhsbmw cv Jn_ve
Ifntev Xncnv \akvIcn ]nIfmWv.
Jn_ve amw hsc dkq() Xncnv \akv
Icn ]nsb Ipdnv Amlp Adnbnp
Xv ImWpI:

.
.
.

.

.

.
.
.
.
.

.
) : :s (
(dkqens\ ]n]pXmscmssbpw, ]n
amdnfbpXmscmssbpw Xncndnbphm
thn am{Xambncpp \o CXphsc Xncnp
\nncp `mKs \mw Jn_vebmbn \nivN
bnXv.)

{]hmNI() Jn_vebmbn kzoIcnncp
ss_p aJvZnkntev Xncnbm D
I]\ JpB\neptm? JpB IqSmsX
bp Amlphn \np hlvbns ASn
m\nemWv dkq() AXv sNbvXXv. A
Xv sImsmsbmWv lZokpIfpw hlvbm
Wv Fv ]dbpXv.

dkq()v IAv_ Jn_ve Bhm h
fscb[nIw B{Klapmbncpp.AXmWv A
mlp ]dbpXv:

.
,
.
.

,
.
) : :: (
(\_ntb,) \ns apJw BImitv Xncn
p sImncnpXv \mw ImWppv. A
Xn\m \n\v CjvSamIp Hcp Jn_vebn
tev \ns \mw XncnpIbmWv. C\n ta
\o \ns apJw akvPnZp ldmans t\v
XncnpI.\n FhnsSbmbncpmepw AXn
s t\mWv \n apJw XncntXv.
thZw \Ishv CXv XfpsS cnXm
hn \np kXyamsWv \mbn Adn
bmw. Ah {]hnpXns\nsbmpw
Amlp A{i\.

lZokv \ntj[nI appI

lZokns\ \ntj[np aqv hJvXp
Im Ckveman \nv ]pdv t]mbhcmWv. C

s\bp BfpIfpsS `mcyam hnizmkn\n
I BsWn (lZokv \ntj[nIfsn)
Ahcpambn _w ]pem Chv ]mSn
. lZokv \ntj[n\v tijhpw Ahcpam
bn _w ]pepIbmsWn AXv hy`nNm
camWv.AXv t]mse a aZo\ ldapIfn {]
thinm\pw Chv ]n.

lnPvd amkfpw lZokv \ntj[nIfpw

lnPvd amkfpsS Fw Amlphn
s ASp 12 BsWpw AXn 4 Fw
]hn{X amkfmsWpw Amlp ]dbpp.
Bbv {inpI:

.
.
.
) : s (
BImifpw `qanbpw krjvSn Znhkw A
mlp tcJsSpnbX\pkcnv Amlphn

s ASp amkfpsS Fw ]{mIp
p.Ahbn \msew(bpw)hnes am
kfmIpp.AXmWv h{IXbnm aXw.A
Xn\m B (\mev) amkfn \n \n
tfmSv Xs A{Iaw {]hncpXv._lpssZ
h hnizmknI \ntfmSv BIam\w bpw
sNpXv t]mse \n AhtcmSpw BIam
\w bpw sNpI.Amlp kqvaX ]menp
hcpsS IqsSbmsWv \n a\nem
pIbpw sNpI.

CXn ]dbs amkfpsS t]cpI
hnip JpB\n \apv ImWm km[ya
. {]tXyInv Amlp ]hn{X amk Fv
]d amkfpsS t]cpI t]mepw AXn
ImWm Ignbn. Fm Ah \apv ]
Tnnv XXv dkq() BWv.]hn{X amk
sf Ipdnv dkq()\s AdnbnpXv Im
WpI:

.

.
.
.

.
.
) (
A_q_Ivdv()\nthZ\w.\_n() ]dp:
\nbw, Amlp BImitfbpw, `qantb
bpw krnXv apX (Av Idnsmn
cpXv t]mse)Imew Idn sImncnpp.
hjw 12 amkfmIpp. AXn \msew
]hn{X amkfmIpp. aqsw XpSbm
bphbmWv, ZpJAvZ, Zpln, Aap
ldw,PpamZ(ABJnd)pw iAv_m\pw C
Sbnep dP_v apZ (FnhbmWXv).

lZokv \ntj[nIv {]hmNI()bp
sS lZokpI AwKoIcnmsX Ccw Im
cy Adnbm km[ya.Atm Ah ]
dbpXv R Ch Ncn{XneqsS a\n
em-psamWv. Ch apamcmb kzlm_
v {]hmNI()bn \nv t\cnv dntmv
sNbvX Imcy AwKoIcnmsX Ncn{Xam
Ws{X Ahewàm-pXv. Iw Xs.


Fm lZokpIfpsS ]n_eanm
Ncn{Xn\v Hcp km[yXbpw Ckvemanen.A
Xv t]mse XsbmWv X^vkodntbpw, ^nJv
lntbpsams Ah.Ncn{Xfpw apw a
\nem\pw AXns bYmyw a\nem
m\pw lZokv A\nhmcyamWv. Ncn{Xns
GXv dntmpItfbpw, As\ kw`hnnp
tm Ct Fsms ncoIcnpXv l
Zokv hnm\amWv.

kzlm_nIv Amlp AwKoImcw \Ipp

kzlm_ns {]tXyIXItfbpw Ah
cpsS hntijWsf Ipdnpw Amlp \s
AdnbnpXv ImWpI:

.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
) : (
aplZv Amlphns dkqemIpp. Atl
tmsSmaph kXy\ntj[nIfpsS t\sc
Iiambn hnphcmIpp. Ah
At\ym\yw ZbmepfpamIpp.Amlphn
\np A\p{Klhpw {]oXnbpw tXSnsm
v Ah Ipnpw kmjvSmwKw sNbvXpw \a
kvIcnpXmbn \n\v ImWmw. kpPqZns
êambn AhcpsS ASbmfw AhcpsS apJ
fnepv. AXmWv Xudmn Ahsc ]n
bp D]a. Coen Ahsc ]nbp D]a
Cs\bmIpp: Hcp hnf, AXv AXns Iq
v ]pdv ImWnp. FnXns\ ]pjvSnsSp
n.FnXv IcpmPnp. As\ AXv I
jIv IuXpIw tXmnp sImv AXn
s Imn ta \nhp \np.(kXy
hnizmknIsf Cs\ hfnsmv hcp
Xv) Ah aqew kXy\ntj[nIsf Acniw
]nSnnm thnbmIpp. Ahcn \nv

hnizknpIbpw kI {]hnp
Ibpw sNbvXhp Amlp ]m]tamN\hpw
almb {]Xnêhpw hmKvZm\w sNbvXncn
pp.

Cs\ Amlp hntijnn kzlm_n
amcmWv dkq()bn \nv lZokpI dn
tmv sNbvXXv.Ahcn \nv Ahsc ]np
Sv Pohn Xm_nDIfpw Ahcn \nv A
hsc XpSv Pohnhcpw dntmv sNbvXp.
dkq() Da \qmpI Fv ]d B
Zys aqv \qmpIfn Xs lZokpI
t{ImUoIcnsSpIbpw sNbvXp. Cu \q
mpIfnse BfpIfmWv \psS Camapam.
Cs\ \nsenb lZokpIsfbmWv C
v lZokv \ntj[nI XpXv FXv tJ
ZIcamWv.

daZm\pw lZokv \ntj[nIfpw


daZm\ns ]Ien kv{XoIfpambn k
w ]pecpsXv Amlp Adnbnpp
v. Amlp ]dbpXv ImWpI:

.

.
_
) : t\ (
t\mns cm{Xnbn \nfpsS `mcyamcpam
bp kwkKw \nv A\phZnsn
cnpp.Ah \nsmcp hkv{XamIpp.
\n Ahpw Hcp hkv{XamIpp.(`mcym
kw \njnambn IcpXnsmv) \n
BXvah\bn AIsSpIbmbncppsh
v Amlp Adnncnpp. Fm Am
lp \nfpsS ]ivNmm]w kzoIcnpIbpw

s]mdppIbpw sNbvXncnpp.AXn\m C
\n ta \n Ahcpambn klhknpI
bpw, (sshhmlnI PohnXn) Amlp \n
v \nivNbnXv tXSpIbpw sNbvXpsIm
pI.\n XnpIbpw IpSnpIbpw sNbv
Xp sImpI; ]pecnbpsS shfp CgI I
dp CgIfn \nv sXfnv ImWpamdmIp
Xv hsc. Fnv cm{XnbmIpw hsc \n
{hXw ]qambn A\pjvTnpIbpw sNp
I. Fm \n ]nIfn CAvXnIm^v
(`P\w) Ccnptm Ahcp (`mcyamcp)ambn
klhkncpXv. Amlphns AXnhcp
IfmIpp Ahsbms. \n Ahsb A
XnewLnphm\SpcpXv.P\ tZmj_m[
sb kqnphm\mbn Amlp A{]Imcw A
hs ZrjvSm Ahv hyIvXamn
sImSppp.

daZm amkn t\msSpm hn[n
h k`n Nne kzlm_nI cm{Xn
bnepw kv{XoIfpambn _w ]pemdpm

bncpn. cm{Xnbn _w ]pemw Fv
Adnbnp Bbv Av Cdnbncpn.
thsd Nne cm{Xnbn AhcpsS `mcyamcpam
bn _w ]pepIbpw sNbvXp.AXns\ Ip
dnv Amlp hnain ssienbmWv apIfn
sImSp Bbn \mw IXv.

ChnsS Amlp Ahsc hnain

F ]Zw Fns\ Dtinpp Fv hn
ip JpB\n \nv \apv a\nemm
km[nn. FmWv B Imcyw Fv dkq
()BWv \s AdnbnpXv. JpB\ns
hniZoIcWw Nne efn lZokpI
IqSmsX a\nemm km[nn Fv \mw
]dbpXv AXv sImmWv.

hnip JpB\n\v tXmnb Aw \Ipp

Cy taJeIfnse lZokv \ntj[nI
v lZokns klmbw tXSmXn\m hn
ip JpB\n\v kzw \nev Aw \
tI KXn Dmbnpv. lZokpI Xp
tm Ahv AXmsX amKantm.. A

Xn\v DZmlcWamWv:inv F ]Zn\v A
h Aw \InbXv Alveppns
]nXamcpw, kzlm_psampw \Im
AamWv. inv sImv Dtinp
Xv FmsWv \apv IrXyambn Adnbmw.
Amlphn\v am{Xw {]tXyIamt Imcy
fn Amlp Amhsc ]v tNpI F
XmWXv.Fm lZokv \ntj[nI ]dbp
Xv inv Fm aplZv \_n()sb Aw
KoIcnemWv FmWv
(1)
. F{X henb hnn
amWnXv.

Ch ]dbpXv Ah JpB\ns\ Aw
KoIcnphcmsWmWv. ]s Ah Jp
B\ns\bpw XphcmsWv \apv a\n
emm km[n-pw. ImcWw Amlp apl
Zv \_n()sb AwKoIcnm ]dbpXv \ap
v ImWmw: Amlp ]dbpp:

(1)
Apm PpKv dmehn Xs "Xv C^v XndmG XBap' F ]pkv XIn
sImSp AamWnXv ..

.
_
) : (
C, \ns cnXmhns\sbmWv kXyw;
AhnSbn `nXbpmb Imcyn A
h \ns hn[nImhmpIbpw, \o hn[n
I]nXns\n ]noShcpsS a\pIfn
Hcp hnjahpw tXmmXncnpIbpw, AXv ]q
ambn kXnv A\pkcnpIbpw sNp
Xp hsc Ah hnizmknIfmhpIbn.

Cu Bbn hfsc kphyambn d
kq()sb AwKoIcnm Amlp \tm
Sv I]npp. ]ns Fs\bmWv dkq
()sb AwKoIcnpXv inmhpXv?

dkq()tbmSv FXncmbn Pohnm

dkq()bpsS hn[nsb AwKoIcnmXn
cpm \mw hnizmknIfmhpIbn Fv A
mlp Adnbnp.C\n Amlphns ZqXcpsS
Imcyn FXncv {]hnphsc-pdn

pw Amlp XmoXv \Ippv. Amlp
]dbpXv ImWpI:

.
.
.
.
) . : s (
BIbm Atlns I]\v FXn
{]hnph Xv h B]pw
hp`hnpItbm,thZ\tbdnb in _m[n
pItbm sNpXv kqnp sIms.

Ccmv Zp\nbmhn shv Xs
]e Ipgfpw, ]ctemIv shv henb in
Ifpw DmIpsav Amlp Adnbnpp.

Amlphpw dkq()bpw hn[nm ]ns
Xnn\v m\an

Amlphpw dkq()bpw Hcp Imcyn
hn[n ]dm ]ns Bpw kzw C
n\v m\an Fv Amlp Adnbnp
p:

<
<
) : s (
Amlphpw Ahs dkqepw Hcp Imcyn
Xocpam\saSpv Ignm kXyhnizmkn
bmb Hcp ]pcpjmIs, kv{XomIs X
fpsS Imcys kw_nv kzX{amb A`n
{]mbw DmbncnmhpX.hh\pw Am
lpshbpw Ahs ZqXs\bpw [ncnp ]
w Ah hyIvXamb \nebn hgn]ngp
t]mbncnpp.

Amlphns hn[ntbmsSmw dkq()
bpsS hn[ntbbpw kzoIcnm hnip Jp
B Bhnv DWnbnpw CXv kzoI
cnmh JpB \ntj[nIfmsX ]n
s BcmWv.

_pnv tbmPnmXv XpItbm..?
lZokv \ntj[w tIcfnsem Im
cWambXv NnecpsS ]pkvXIfpw NnmKXn

IfpamsWv \mw apv a\nemn. Ahcn
s]hcmWv aplZv dioZv cnZm, aplZv A
p, Pamepo A^vKm\n, AlvaZv Aao
XpSnbh. _pnv tbmPnpXv FSp
mw AmXv Xmw F XXzw t]dn \S-
phcmWh.]ns Ahv lZokpIsf
samn Xt Ahbpapmbn.

{]hmNI()bpsS s\v Iodnb kw`hw

lZokv \ntj[nI Xp lZokpIfn
s]XmWv dkq()bpsS sNdpImev
Pn_vco() dkq()bpsS s\v Iodnb kw
`hw.Camw apkvenw() Xs kzloln 162m
as lZokmbn dntmv sNbvXXmWnXv. l
Zokv {inpI.
_


:

) (
A\kv() \nthZ\w. dkq() IpnItfmsSm
v Ifnv sImncns Pn_vco() dkq
()bpsS ASp hv dkq()sb FSpp
Ibpw, \nev InSpIbpw, s\v ]nfp
Ibpw lrZbw ]pdsSppIbpw sNbvXp.F
nv lrZbn \nv Hcp amwkjvWw ]p
dsSpp. ]ns Pn_vco() ]dp:CXv
Xmfn \np ssiXzm\ns AwiamWv.
]ns AXv(lrZbw) kzWns Hcp ]m{X
nenv kwkw shw sImv IgpIpIbpw
sNbvXp. XpSv AXv XpntpIbpw, A
Xns kYm\tv Xs AXv aS-pIbpw
sNbvXp. dkq()bpsS Dbntev AYhm
apebqp Dbntev IpnI HmSn hv ]
dp: \nbw aplZv sImsncnpp.
As\ Ah dkq()bpsS ASptev

hp. Atm dkq() hnfdnb \ndnem
bncpp. A\kv() ]dp: B Xpnt
ens ASbmfw Rm dkq()bpsS s\n
ImWmdpmbncpp.

CXv _pnv tbmPnn Fv ]dv
lZokv \ntj[nI Xpp. ChtcmSv ]dbm
\pXv Amlp ]d XoXmWv. Amlp
]dbpp:
<

.
<
.
_
) : (
cn hgnv Xs \mw Ahs\ XncnphnSp


Ccw A]ISfn \npw Amlp
apkveow kaqls cnp amdmhs.. B
ao.

aplZv dioZv cnZbpw ]ng hmZfpw

dioZv cnZbpsS ]ng hmZ Abmfp
sS IrXnIfn [mcmfambn ImWmhpXmWv.
Ccw IrXnIfpsS kzm[o\w tIcfnepw D
mbnpv. AXn\p DZmlcWfn Nne
Xv {inpI:

.
_
.
_
.
.
.
_
.
_
.
) : s s (
Cwdms `mcy ]d k`w ({inpI:)
Fs cnXmth, Fs hbnep Ipn
s\ \n\mbv Dgnpshm Rm t\
t\ncnpp. BIbm Fn \nv \o
AXv kzoIcntWta. Xobmbpw \o (F

mw)tIph\pw Adnbph\pas{X.F
nv {]khntm Ah ]dp: Fs c
nXmth,Rm {]khn Ipn s]mW
tm.Fm Amlp Ah {]khnXns\
n IqSpX Adnhph\s{X BWv s]n
s\tmseb. B Ipnv Rm abw Fv
t]cnncnpp. i]ns ]nimNn \npw
Ahsfbpw AhfpsS kXnIsfbpw cn
phm\mbn Rm \nn A`bw {]m]np
Ibpw sNpp.

i]ns ]nimNn \nw abant\
bpw, AhcpsS kXnItfbpw cnphm
\mbn Rm A`bw {]m]npIbpw sNpp
Fv ]d Cu kw`hs dioZv cnZ \n
tj[npp.Ah ]nimNns ieyn \n
v csnn FmWv Abm hmZnp
Xv.

AXv t]mse BZw a\pjycpsS ]nXmhm
sW XXzhpw Cbm AwKoIcnpn.Um
hns ]cnWma hmZs AwKoIcnp cq
]n Abm Xs Aa\m F X^v

kodn FgpXnbXv ImWmw.Ccw ]ng B
fpIfpsS ]pkvXIfpw,hmZfpw Cpw ]n
pScp BfpI,Ah ]npScp A]IS
sf {in\mWv Cu Imcy ]dbp
Xv. Ccw NnmKXnIfneqsS t]mIptmgm
Wv lZokv \ntj[nIfpw, _pn ]qPIcpw h
npXv.

AlvaZv Aao\ns hmZ

AlvaZv Aao _pnv tbmPnm
lZokpI F t]cn lZokpIsf Xp
h\mbncpp.AXv sImmWv kwkans {]
tXyIXsb Abm XnbXv. \psS \mnep
apv kwkans {]tXyIXI AwKoIcnm
h. JpB\pw lZokpIfpw AwKoIcnn
sn t]mepw temIm`pXambn \n-p
kwkans {]tXyIXIsf \ntj[nm B
v km[npw..?

Atm kzlolmb lZokneqsS nc
sv hm ]ns AXns\ Xm hnizm
knIv ]ptam..?

_pnv tbmPnmXv hnip JpB\n
epsn AXpw Xptam..?

_pnv tbmPnm lZokpI Xp
BfpI hnip JpB\n h A
cw Imcytfbpw Xtn hcnt.. JpB
\nse Cs\bp kw`hv Nne DZm
lcW ImWpI:

Cukm() sXmnen \nv kwkmcn
kw`hw Amlp AdnbnpXv ImWpI:

.
_

.
.
) : s: (
Atm Ah Ahs(IpnbpsS) t\sc Nq
nmWnp. Ah ]dp: sXmnenep H
cp IpntbmSv R Fs\ kwkmcnpw?

Ah (Ipn) ]dp: Rm Amlphn
s Zmk\mIpp. Ah F\nv thZ{Kw
\IpIbpw Fs Ah {]hmNI\mpI
bpw sNbvXncnpp. Rm FhnsSbmbn
cpmepw Fs Ah A\pKrloX\mnbn
cnpp. Rm Pohnncnp Imea{Xbpw
\akvIcnphm\pw kImv \Iphm\pw A
h FtmSv A\pimknpIbpw sNbvXncn
pp. (Ah Fs) Fs amXmhnt\m
Sv \ \nebn s]cpamdph\pw (Bnbncn
pp.) Ah Fs \njvTqc\pw `mKyw sI
h\pamnbnn. Rm P\n Znhkhpw a
cnp Znhkhpw Poht\msS Fgpt]n
sSp Znhkhpw Fs ta imn Dm
bncnpw.AXs{X abans aI\mb Cukm.
Ah GsXmcp hnjbn Xnv sIm
ncnppthm AXns\nbp bYm
amb hms{X CXv.
sXmnen InSp Hcp Ipn Cs\
kwkmcnpp Fv ]dm AXv _pn
v tbmPnm km[n-p ImcyamtWm?A

mlp Adnbnp Cu Imcy _pnv
tbmPnn Fv ]dv lZokv \ntj[nI
Xptam..?

]e Aam\pjnIXz

AXv t]mse Xs Amlphns A\p
hmZtmsS Cuk() acWshsc Pohnn-
pIbpw, shmv t]mep tcmKsf
ampIbpw t]mep A`pX Imcy sN
bvX Imcyw Amlp Adnbnppv. Am
lp ]dbpp:

.
.
.
.
) : (

(CukmtbmSv) Amlp ]d k`w ({i
tbamIpp.) abans aI\mb Cukm!
sXmnen shpw,ayhbkvI\mbncnsbpw
\o P\tfmSv kwkmcnsh, ]cnipmXvam
hv aptJ\ \n\v Rm ]n_ew \Inb
k`nepw, {Khpwm\hpw Xudmpw
Coepw \n\v Rm ]TnnpX k`
nepw,Fs A\paXn {]Imcw Ifnav sIm
v \o ]nbpsS amXrIbn cq]sSpp
Ibpw, Fnv \o AXn DuXptm Fs
A\paXn {]Imcw AXv ]nbmbnocpIbpw
sNp k`nepw,Fs A\paXn {]Im
cw Pa\m ImgvNbnmhs\bpw, ]mp
tcmKnsbbpw \o kpJsSpp k`n
epw, Fs A\paXn {]Imcw \o acWsh
sc ]pdv sImv hcp k`nepw, \o
C{kmCu kXnIfpsS ASpv hyIvXam
b sXfnhpIfpambn sNnv Ahcnse kXy
\ntj[nI CXv {]Xyamb amcWw am{X
amIpp. Fv ]d Ahkcn \ns
A]ISsSppXn \nv Ahsc Rm

XS k`nepw Rm \n\pw \ns
amXmhn\pw sNbvXv X A\p{Klw HmpI.

Amlphns hm-pIfmWv \ hm
bnXv. \psS _pnv Xncnbpn Fv ]
dv Cu Imcysf Xm \apv ]ptam..?
Nne Chv adp]SnbnmsX apAvPnkpI
tfbpw XpIbmWv sNpXv. kn. F. A
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