dhlzfk liGB

sofVfv jKf
ntfm dyvb W jftuqD Db. iCBGf Dsbv zfnt vi
zdhjxk W z[k vfJsk rst kfv iadk sHufstv njt zbciashw
fv h jvsk rsh. spsrkc Db idviCBG j ofn lcsv bAfq, pfsk
j dhlcW zbA djYc vfJfv, nQspfub W idvhLGb jvfv sjfb
zhjfw sb. `W]v-]v' jKf W zdHmskv ifdb hf sofmCsj kfsk
fb dlsk sost zhwA dhwc W dbsHGuft djYc lcL ofn rsk isy
isV pfsh hQ LDsv LDsv lc ifsbv zspfoA rsq iVsh. kf
Dsb pfsk sHuft iashw bf jsv kfv ubA zffrv vnCt mksj zdk vskv ndrk kfjDl jsv sosYb. kf]v nfrfhf,
kfshqDb hQ ntIoBW sHuft dmwaB sKsj mcndtmslvsj
dyk nkjG jsv sosYb. kf]slv iv sn Ivp tfmfosBv iv
hkGfq. sHufstv iaskAj dYla iK h jvf, zbciadh sHuft
dydrk jsv kf {Jfk jvf hQ dbsHGuft lcsj jfstf hfufsv
q-dhq jvf rsk syfvf hAhnfqDslvsj iadkrk jvf kf]slv hQ
nmfsuv njt swaBDv mfbcsNv mrfb jkGhA.
jkGhA Hfv zbcHh jsv, nmfsuv mfbcNsj nfhLfb jvfv
ts[A zLsmv nfLAmk djd{ iaqfn. v fvf nmfsu djYc
idvmfBW ufovB st hQ ndEj iK i rst wam nfKGj rsh.
sk pf djYc iamfB jvsk sysqdY kf ndEj rst mrfb zffrv

dhlzfk liGB

kvI rsk hQ Hct rst zfmfv W wqkfsbv kvI rsk. iamfBnr

de dydrk jsv fbDvf zfmfv ndEj dlolwGb jvst jxk rh.
icdjfde iak jvsk h mCtAhfb oasv nfrfpA dbsk rsqsY.
kmsLA zft-'dknfm (wfskhD), nrDt ufdmn nfoDv (mcrfsn
zfthfbD v}), zft-hlf' ID mfpf-dvGt hdklf' (zftD mfrIcp),
zft-dhlzfkc pfWqfdhkcrf zzfNfvrfn nfsqA dIt mfr (Ff}
zftD mcrfmfl bfsnv zft-IfjDrD) hQ hQ kfbhD dtt
zfhnfv tf jfmfdtDb zmf dIt dhlzfdk dmbft zfJkfv (F}
nfstr nf'l zft-ncrfmD) dhsNwHfsh sJspfoA. mrfb zffr
k]fslv njtsj hQ zfmfslvsj sbj iaadklfb dlb. zfmDb.
nfvf dhsh jcvzfb W ncfrv dbsHGuft iayfsv ndlqfv pchnmfsuv db}nfKG zfoar W iasyfv nDmf sb. v iyfsk kf]vf
sjht mrfb zffrv dbje hxr{ iadklfb yfb.
vkiCBG dhNsq bosBAv icdjfdesj mfumfzfv lfWzfk
zdIn jkGxi[ iajfw jsv nmfusj irfv dlsk zfblshfL
jsvsYb. kf kf]slv ubA zfmfslv zfdvj sbj lczf. mrfb
zffr kf]slvsj m iadklfb dlb W zdLj Hft jfsu zfsvf
zfsvf kWIDj dlb hQ mcndtm nmfusj dhlzfk W dwsjGv
nhGbfw sKsj hf]dysq djkfh W ncfrv zbfdht `zfsh rfqfk'-
idvick jvb. zfmDb.
dhbDk

zfct rfmDl mflfbD

zft-mfumfzfr
22/9/1415 dr}

dhlzfk liGB

W



ufbf zfhwAj sp, Dsb zbciadh zdHbh jmG (dhlzfk)nmCr nisjG
zhdrk rWqf j zkA vkiCBG dhNq. spsrkc dhlzfk sKsj mc bf
rsq mcndtsmv ubA mrfb zffrv SbjeA tfH nHh rq bf. mcdtfHW
kk[B nHhiv bq pk[B ipG iaskAjde dhlzfk ns idvdydk tfH bf
rsqsY, pdl kfv dbqmfhtD W smZdtj nC bf ufbf Kfsj kfrst. bsy{ zufs
dhlzfsk zfidkk rWqf nfHfdhj. zkh dhlzfk nisjG fb vfJf
Wqfsuv. jfvB sp dudbN YfVf sjfb Wqfsuh sjfb Wqfsuh iftb rq bf sn
dudbNW Wqfsuh, spmb WnCstv tfmfoB hstb.
klbcvi dwjG W kfv dhdH iajfvfdlsj ufbf. jfvB sp dwjG bf dybsh sn
kfsk dbidkk rsh. spmb h nQJAj mcndtmslv hkGmfb zhf. slJf pfq
kfvf dwjG fvf mrfb zffrv nfdLA tfH jvsk yfq. spmb zfdtqf W
nfstrDbslv bfsm bpv mfbf, wIK jvf, kf]slv kWqfI jvf, kfv iv
mndul dbmGfB jvf hQ snJfsb dnulf jvf iaHxdk jmG pfv dwjG rWqfv jKf
zfrst tsmv dbje zdhdlk bq. ubA hflk jvfq sjht ncfr
ufbfv iv nQs[i jvf psK bq hvQ nfsK kfv idviD dhlzfksj sybfW
uvvD. spmb mfsbv ubA sjht kWrDl ufbf psK bq hvQ kfv nfsK kfv
idviD dwjGsj sybfW jf lvjfv. ksKAv iadk jcvzfb mfuDsl
dk jvf rsqsY.
mrfb zffr hstb,
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zKGf{, zhwA zfdm iaskAj ufkDv msLA vnCt siavB jsvdY ( dbslGw
dlsq) sp, skfmvf zfmfv hflk jv hQ kfoCk (iCuAmfb ofqvfr) sKsj
lCsv Kfj. (nCvf bfrt 36 zfqfk)

dhlzfk liGB

dkdb zfsvf hstb }

4 3u69$# s9 !$# n<) (#/$tr&u $y7t r& |N9$# (#7ttG_$# t%!$#u

zKGf{, pfvf kfoCskv hflk jvf rsk lCsv Kfsj hQ zffrv zbcvfoD rq
kfslv ubA zfsY ncnQhfl. ( nCvf pcmfv 17 zfqfk)
dkdb zfsvf hstb,
$om;3 t$|$# 4s+O9$# u9$$/ y7|tG$# s)s !$$/ -u N9$$/ 3t ys

zKGf{, nckvfQ sp kfoCksj zDjfv jvsh W zffrv iadk mfb zfbsh,

dbyq sn mb w rfkt LfvB jvsh pf jJsbf Hffv bq. (nCvf hfjfvfr 256)
zfv kKA zffrv vnCt i jsv kcst Lsv hstb, sp hAd `tf
tfrf ffr' (zffr hAkDk sj nkA ifnA sb) htt (Djfv jvt)
hQ zffr YfVf zbAfbA iCduk hfdkt mfhClnmCrsj zDjfv jvt, kfv mft
W ufb rfvfm rsq sot. (zKGf{, sn mcndtm hst oBA rsq sot). zfv kfv
(hfjD) drnfh zffrv iv. (mcndtm)
nckvfQ dkdb sjht zffrv kWrDl Djfv jvfsj psK msb jsvbdb hvQ
kfv ndrk zffr YfVf zbA nh iCuAmfb hAd-hsj zDjfv W huGb jvfsj
j nCs wfdmt jsvsYb. zkh kKA W dbslGw) iHfsh hA jsv
sp, mfb zfbfv nfsK nfsK jcIvDsj sybf uvvD, bkchf zufs jJb mcdmb
jcIvDsk zfidkk rsq pfsh sn kfv sjfb sev ifsh bf.
zbcviHfsh ncfr W dhlzfskv s[sW j dbslGw; Hsqv msLA sjfb
ifKGjA sb. jfvB, ntfm lc hxr{ hcdbqfslv iv iadkdk; iaKmk} zfmvf
zffr YfVf zfv jfsvf hflk jvh bf hQ dkDqk} zffr pf dhdLh
jsvsYb sn wvDqk YfVf zfv dH sjfb dbqm-idksk hf dbslGsw kf]v
hflk jvh bf. zkh sp hAd lc hcdbqfslv msLA sjfb jdesj
si[f jsv sn zivdesjW huGb jsv hQ sn zffr kfzftfv hflk jsv
bf. spsrkc iaKm dHd kAfo jvst mcwdvj hQ dkDqde kAfo jvst dhlzfkD
rsq pfsh.
zkh iCshGf zfstfybfv mfLAsm jKf iamfdBk rt sp, dhlzfk sybf
zhwA uvvD. pfsk mcdmsbv hflk kf sKsj mc W dbmGt rsq zffrv

dhlzfk liGB

dbje oarBspfoA rq.

i[fsv dhlzfk sn zdbjv hnmCsrv zbAkm pfsj sybf Wqfsuh, kf
kAfo jvfv ubA bq, hvQ kf sKsj hf]yfv ubA. spmb zfvhD jdh hstb }
`ml susbdY hf]yfv tfdo bsr mslv ksv,
Hfstf dj ml dysb bf sp sn mslsk dosq isV.'
zhwA v mmfGKG rflDn wvDI rsk oxrDk. nfrfhD pfIf hbct qfmfb
hstb, stfsjvf vnCt -sj jv W mt dhNsq dufnfhfl jvk zfv
zfdm jhdtk rhfv zfwQjfq kf]sj zdbjv W zmt dhNsq dufnf
jvkfm. (hcJfvD W mcndtm)
zfv ubA sp nm dhlzfk Dsb zbciashw jsvsY kfv iv mcndtm
ufdksj nkjG W zhdrk jvf dbkf uvvD hQ dhNqde k vkrDb bq
sp, sjht kfslvsj kfWrDl W ncfr nidjGk fb W dbslGw ialfb jvf
psK hQ dwjG W dhlzfk ians sjfb jKf fisbv iasqfub sb; hvQ
dhNsq yci Kfjf Hfstf! spmb, zsbsj Lvsbv LAfb-LfvBf svsJ Kfsj. zKy
ef j nQjDBG lxd-Hdv It. pf dwsjGv idviD kWrDl hQ dhlzfskv
idviD ncfrv iajxk fb ikfv jfvsB nxd rsq Kfsj. zfv j nmsq
lxd-Hd Lvsbv mfbcNslv zkfv dk hrb jsv. jfvB, kfvf ufsb
bf sp dhlzfsk sp sj zfidkk rsk ifsv, mbdj zfstm mfbcNW. sjbbf,
dhlzfk jvf hf kfsk zfidkk rWqfv h jfvB zfsY. pfv msLA pqDI W
mWpc (uft) rflDsnv iv dHd jsv zfmt jvfW zbAkm. spsrkc jJsbf
djYc tfmfv dbjseW kfv djYc ziajfw sKsj spsk ifsv. pfsj kf]vf nrDr
rflDn msb jsv kfv iv zfmt jsv Kfsjb hQ zffrv nfdLA W nd
tfsHv zfwf jsvb. zk}iv kf]slv Yfvf dhNsq kf]slv zbcjvB jsv hQ
LDsv LDsv ubnfLfvBW kf]slv slsJ db}nslsr zfmt jvsk tfso. Ist djYc
dlsbv msLA kf iftbDq ncfrv zfjfv LfvB jsv. (zft-zfudhhfkcb bfsIzfr
dIt ucmzfr, zfthfbD 61-63 ix})

kf skf isv sjfb zfstm sn dhNsq zhdrk rsq kf v jvsk sost hf kfv
idvhskG nrDr ncfrv iadk iK-dbslGw jvsk sost Wslv zsbsj hst Kfsj,
`bkcb rflDn! W]vf dj ufsbb bf hf ufbskb bf?' kAfdl.

dhlzfk liGB

ntfm jde iCBfG Db

mrfb zffr hstb,

t= Fr&u ) sC u ?$s)? ,xm !$# (#)?$# (#t#u t%!$# $pr't

zKGf{, sr mfblfvoB! skfmvf zffrsj pKfpKHfsh Hq jv hQ skfmvf

zfknmiGBjfvD (mcndtm) bf rsq msvf bf. (nCvf zfst mvfb 102 zfqfk)
sr mfbh! skfmvf skfmfslv iadkiftjsj Hq jv, dpdb skfmfslvsj j
hAd sKsj nxd jsvsYb W kf sKsj kfv ndbD nxd jsvsYb, dpdb kfslv
lcub sKsj h bv-bfvD dhfv jsvsYb hQ zffrsj Hq jv pfv bfsm
skfmvf sj zisvv dbje pff jv hQ fdk-hb dY jvfsj Hq jv,
dbyq zffr skfmfslv iv kD[ lxd vfsJb. (nCvf dbnf 1 zfqfk)
sr mcdmboB! skfmvf zffrsj Hq jv hQ ndEj jKf ht; kfrst dkdb
skfmfslv jmGnmCrsj demc jvshb hQ skfmfslv ifi mfuGbf jvshb.
pfvf zffr W klDq vnCstv zfbcokA jsv kfvf zhwA mrf nfItA zuGb
jvsh. (nCvf zfrpfh 70-71 zfqfk)
zffr uff wfbc kf]v hflfslvsj jAh rsk zfslw jsvsYb hQ
zSbjA W zfsifn-dhsvfdLkf jvsk dbsNL jsvsYb. dkdb hstb,
[!#yr& . ) 3n=t !$# |My (#.$#u 4 (#%xs? u $Yy_ !$# 7ut2 (#tG$#u
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ttGsE /3=ys9 Gt#u 3s9 !$# it6 y79xx. 3 $p]i

zKGf{, skfmvf njst zffrv vdw (Db W jcvzfb)sj w jsv Lv hQ

iviv dhdY rsqf bf. skfmfslv iadk zffrv zbcoarsj nvB jv, skfmvf
iviv w dYst, dkdb skfmfslv rlsq iaDdkv nfv jsvb. Ist skfmvf
kf]v zbcoasr iviv Hf-Hf rsq sost. skfmvf zdojcsv (ufrffsmv)
iafs dYst, zk}iv dkdb kf sKsj skfmfslvsj fv jsvsYb. vsi zffr
skfmfslv ubA dblwGb iHfsh dhhxk jsvb, pfsk skfmvf n{iK sisk ifv.

dhlzfk liGB

(nCvf zfst mvfb 103 zfqfk)

jA v[fv ubA, zffrv vcsj nclxPHfsh LfvB jvfv ubA hQ

dhdYkf sKsj svrf ifhfv ubA dkdb hflfslvsj vnCstv iv bfsptjxk
zbcwfnsbv zbcnvB jvsk zfslw jsvsYb. dkdb hstb,
=9 3u.u / uF9 i luxm x8| 3t s y7s9) t& =tG.
t.xs? $ W=s% 3 u!$u9r& #( 7Fs? u 3n/ i 3s9) t& !$t (#7?$#

zKGf{, djkfh skfmfv iadk zhkDBG jvf rsqsY. zkh skfmfv msb
spb v nisjG sjfb dLf bf Kfsj. pfsk v fvf kcdm (mfbcNsj) nkjG jv
hQ ef mcdmbslv ubA islw. skfmfslv iadkiftsjv dbje sKsj
skfmfslv iadk pf zhkDBG jvf rsqsY skfmvf kfv zbcnvB jv hQ kf]sj
sYsV zbAfbA zdHHfhjslv zbcnvB jsvf bf. skfmvf Jch zi islw
oarB jsv Kfj. (nCvf zf'vfI 2-3 zfqfk)
spmb, dkdb hfi-lflf (zbcvi hcpcoG, zfdtqf W dhlzfkDslv) sn nh dhNsq
zbcnvB jvsk dbsNL jsvb sp dhNq djkfh W ncfrv zbcwfnsbv dhivDk.
dkdb hstb,
%x. s9ur& 3 !$tu!$t/#u n=t $ux9r& !$t 6Kt t/ (#9$s% !$# tur& !$t (#7?$# s9 % #s)u
ttGt u $Zx =)t !$t/#u

zKGf{, zfv pJb kfslvsj htf rq sp, `zffr pf zhkDBG jsvsYb kfv
skfmvf zbcnvB jv; kJb kfvf hst, (bf-bf) hvQ zfmvf zfmfslv
dikxicvNslv pfsk (sp mkfmk W LmGflswG) sisqdY kfv zbcnvB jvh.'
pdlW kfslv dikx-icvNoB djYc hcUk bf hQ kfvf n{isKW dYt bf. (nCvf
hfjfvfr 170 zfqfk)

dkdb zfsvf hstb,

t%2 s9ur& 4 !$tu!$t/#u n=t $ty`u $t 7Kt t/ (#9$s% !$# tur& !$t (#7?$# s9 % #s)u
9$# >#xt 4n<) t s9$#

zKGf{, zfv pJb htf rq sp, zffr pf zhkDBG jsvsYb skfmvf sn hv

zbcnvB jv; kJb kfvf hst zfmfslv hfi-lflfslvsj pfsk sisqdY zfmvf

dhlzfk liGB

skf kf smsb yth; pdlW wqkfb kfslvsj slfpJ pBfv dlsj zfrhfb jsv
(kKfdi dj kfvf hfi-lflfv zbcnvB jvsh)? (nCvf tcjmfb 21 zfqfk)
nckvfQ djkfh W ncfrv mkfmk YfVf zbA sjfb mkhfslv dlsj
zfrhfbjfvD iahxd, slfpsJv dlsj zfrhfbjfvD mfbcN wqkfsbv zbcnvB
jvsk mcndtmsj dbsNL jvf rsqsY. spmb djkfh W ncfrv zbcnvB jvsk,
sjht lcdesj uDhb-nQdhLfbvsi oarB W LfvB jvsk sn zfdl rsqsY
hQ htf rsqsY sp, mfbcsNv idvfB W nItkf sjht lcsqv zbcnvsB
zfsY. zffrv vnCt hstb, skfmfslv mfsU lcde dudbn sYsV pfdY; kf
pdl skfmvf wHfsh LfvB jv, ksh sjfb dlb iK rsh bf; zffrv djkfh
W zfmfv ncfr. (mczff mfstj kAfdl)
hfBDsk bhD jvDm djkfh W ncfrv zbcnfvDv ubA nciK iafd hQ
lcdbqf W zfsJvfskv nhGbfwD iKkf rsk v[fv pfmfbk dbsqsYb. spmb
zbA dlsj zffrv Dsb dhlzfk vybf jvsk jsEfvHfsh dbsNL W nkjG
jsvsYb hQ nfvf mksj iHfsh ufdbsqsYb sp, zffrv Dsb sp sjfb
dhlzfk iKkfv jfvB. nfrfhD vhfp dhb nfdvqfr hstb, (jlf)
zffrv vnCt zfmfslvsj mb yfsv islw lfb jvstb pfsk
zfmfslv dy jdik hQ y[c zwa hrmfb rt. zfmvf hfm, sr zffrv
vnCt! ef spb dhlfqD islw, zkh zfmfslvsj djYc zdnqk (zdkdv
dbslGw lfb) jvb. dkdb htstb, skfmfslvsj zffr-HDdk hQ (ifi YfVf
zbA dhNsq) zfmDv (hf sbkf) v zfbcokA Djfv jvfv zdnqk jvdY! pdlW
hf skfmfslv zfmDv j ub Dklfn rq. zfv zhwA skfmfslv msLA pfvf
zfmfv dhlfsqv iv uDdhk Kfjsh kfvf zsbj vjsmv mksHl slJsk ifsh.
zkh skfmvf zfmfv hQ zfmfv nciKiaf sJftfIfsq vfswlDsbv ncfr
zhtb jsvf, kf l fvf lxPkfv ndrk LfvB jsvf. (kfsk pf ifW mfbA jv
hQ zbA sjfbW mskv dlsj zfjx rsqf bf.) hQ (Dsb) bhvdyk jmGnmCr
rsk nfhLfb! jfvB, dbyq iaskAj dhlzfr (bkcb zfmt) kf. (zfhc
lfl 4443, dkvdmpD 2815, hsb bfufr 42 bQ)

sdJk rflDn wvDIde mfrv mfsU jA W nQrdk iadkf jvsk, dIkbf

W dhwxJtf nxdjfvD mksHl W zSbjA dbmGCt jvsk c jsv. ncfrv

dhlzfk liGB

zbcnvB jsv, ufmfzfk (nfrfhf)v zbcomb jsv, lfWqfk idk, jmG, jKf W
dhhfsn iaskAj bh vdyk jmGnmCr hf dhlzfk rsk nclCsv Kfjsk zfslw jsv;
pf dhfe W dhdYkf nxdjfvD dhkjG W jtsrv iadk mfrsj sesb dbsq pfq.
zffr kfzftfv iakAfslw W wvDqk mfrv jfsY siZ]sY bf slWqf W
pKfpKHfsh kf dhhxk bf jvfv iCshG kf]v diaq vnCt rjft kAfo jsvb db.
dkdb mfrsj sn njt djYc jkGhAfjkGhA hBGbf jsv sosYb pfsk kfslv
ifdKGh W DbD jtAfB W dbdrk dYt. dkdb mfrsj mb nmct isK
svsJ sosYb pfv vubDW dlhsnv bAfq lDdmfb; sp iK rsk jmf LQnofmD
hAkDk zbA sj hkf zhtb jsv bf.
zfv zffr uff wfbcr kf]v diaq bhDv ubA Dbsj idviCBG W kf]v nilsj
niCBG jsvsYb. zfv nmoa mfbh W lfbh ufdkv ubA ntfmsj jmf LmG
hst msbfbDk W dbhGfdyk jsvsYb. dkdb hstb,
4 $Y zn=M}$# 3s9 Muu Ly 3n=t MoCr&u 3s 3s9 M=y.r& tu9$#

zKGf{, zfu skfmfslv ubA skfmfslv Db iCBGf jvtfm W skfmfslv iadk

zfmfv zbcoar (sbqfmk) niCBG jvtfm hQ ntfmsj skfmfslv LmGvsi
msbfbDk jvtfm. (nCvf mfsqlfr 3 zfqfk)
dkdb zbA hstb,
zy9$# z uzF$# uu t6) n=s $Y n=M}$# ux tG;t tu

zKGf{, sj ntfm YfVf zbA LmG yfst kf jJsbf kfv dbje rsk oarB
jvf rsh bf hQ sn ivjfst [dkoaslv ltHc rsh. (nCvf zfst mvfb 85 zfqfk)
nckvfQ Jfb rsk iakDqmfb rq sp, Db zniCBG bq, hvQ niCBG. zfv
vnCt kf iHfsh iayfvW jsv sosYb. spmb rpvk zfsqwf (vf}) hstb,
`sp hAd LfvBf jsv sp, mcrfmfl zffrv zhkDBG iakAfslswv djYcW
jsvsYb, ksh sn dbyq zffrv iadk dmKAfsvfi jsv. spsrkc zffr kfzftf
hstb,
4 tGs9$y |M=t/ $ys ys? 9 )u ( y7n/ y7s9) t& !$t k=t/ 9$# $pr't

zKGf{, sr zffrv vnCt! skfmfv iadkiftsjv dbje rsk skfmfv iadk pf

10

dhlzfk liGB

zhkDBG rsqsY kf iayfv jv. pdl kf bf jv ksh kcdm kf]v hfkGf iayfv jvst
bf. (nCvf mfsqlfr 67 zfqfk)
zbcviHfsh dhlfqD rsv HfNsB vnCt dhdH zbcslw, ShLfShL hQ
ivisvv mfb-k rfvfm rWqfv ian dhhxk jvfv iv hstdYstb,
swfb! zfdm dj (zffrv iakAfslw skfmfslv dbje pKfpKHfsh) si]ZsY
dltfm? nfrfhfhxl hstdYstb, `rA]f, zhwA.' kJb dkdb zfjfswv iadk
rsftb jsv hstdYstb, sr zffr! nf[D Kfjcb. zffr! nf[D Kfjcb.
zkh v isvW pdl sjfb hAd Dsb bkcb djYc zfdhjfv jsv; pfv dbslGw
bf djkfsh zfsY bf ncfrsk hQ bf JctfIfsq vfswlDb hf sjfbW nfrfhfv
zflswG; kf zfjDlf srfj hf zfmt, jKf srfj hf ntfsmv iadk lfWqfkD
idk ksh hAd spb hst sp, `Db zniCBG, icBGf bq.' zfv sn
zniCBGkfsj bkcb djYc (dhlzfk) vybfv mfLAsm iCBGkf lfb jvfv
lc}nfrdnjkf jsv Kfsj. zKy mrfb zffr hstb, zfu zfdm skfmfslv ubA
skfmfslv Db iCBGf jsv dltfm.
zKhf hAd spb hst hf LfvBf jsv sp, `Db skf iCBGf. dj mb
djYc dhNq zfsY pf bhD iayfv jsv pfbdb!' zKy rpvk zfsqwfv rflDn kf
HDNBHfsh Jb jsv. zbcviHfsh dhlfqD rsv HfNsB kf]v khtDo W iayfv
ians vk zfsvfi jsv dhNsq zffrsj nf[D vfsJb hQ njstv
sswA hstb, skfmfslv idk hAd zbcidk hAdsj siZ]sY slsh.
nHhk} pfv dbje (tXm) si]ZsY slWqf rsh sn swafkf zsi[f zdLj
nxdkmfb rsk ifsv.
zkh dhlzfkDv vnbf zKhf zhf spb hst sp, `wvDqk iCBGf bq. mb
djYc dhNq zfsY pf kfsk nQspfub W idvhLGb jvf Wqfsuh zKhf mcfrfh.'
spsrkc kfv dhhfn pdl Kfjk sp, wvDqk nhGskfHfsh iCBGkfiaf, kfrst
dbyq kfsk zfLcdbj djYc fhb jsv kfsj `wvDqk' bfm slhfv zisyf W
lc}nfrdnjkf zfslZ jvk bf. zfv vi zfjDlf W dhhfsnv mfbcN zhwA
iK, nkA W ndEj iK rsk h lCsv.
hsb mfsuwCb hstb, zfdm mfm mfstj (v})sj htsk wcsbdY sp, sp hAd
ntfsm sjfb dhlzfk vybf jsv hQ kf icsBAv jfu msb jsv, sn hAd

dhlzfk liGB

11

LfvBf jsv sp, mcrfmfl dvnftskv dJqfbk (zffrv iakAfslw iayfsv

dhhfnOfkjkf) jsvsYb. spsrkc zffr kfzftf hstb, zfu zfdm
skfmfslv ubA skfmfslv Dbsj iCBGf jsv dltfm. zkh sndlb pf Db
dYt bf zfuW (bkcbHfsh) kf Db bq. (zft 'dknfm 1/49)
mfm wfkhD kf]v mCtAhfb oa zft-'dknfsm hstb }
1. dhlzfkD wvDqskv dhsvfLD W Dsbv idviD. jfvB, zffr zfppf
zuf hflfslv ubA kf]v hflskv dbdlG iK W idk dbLGfdvk jsvsYb hQ
kfv isv nxdsj kf]v zfslw W dbsNLffv mfLAsm dkvfv W icvfsvv
zDjfsvv ndrk nDmfh jsvsYb. zfv W ufdbsqsYb sp, sjhtmf kfsk
mt dbdrk zfsY hQ v nDmftOsb zmt W dhil zfsY. spsrkc zffr
(djsn Hft zKhf ml zfsY kf) ufsbb hQ zfmvf djYcW ufdb bf. zfv
dhdlk sp, dkdb kf]v vnCt -sj uofnDv ubA jvBf vi siavB jsvsYb.
dj dhlzfkD nh djYcsj zmfbA W zDjfv jsv. sn msb jsv sp,
(zffrv dbLGfdvk W nDdmk iK hAkDk) zfsvf zbAfbA iKW zfsY (pfsk kf]v
nfdmiA W nd tfH rq) dkdb pf dbdlG jsvsYb kfsk nDmfh bq hQ pf
dbLGfdvk jsvsYb snef yCVf W swN iK bq! spb sn hst `zffr ufsbb
zfmvfW ufdb.' hvQ zffrv wvDqsk nQspfub W idvhLGb jsv sn Hfsh sp,
zffr pf ufbskb bf kf sn susb sIstsY! (bfpc dhfr dmb pfdtj.)
dhlzfkDv mb jmG W LfvBf pdl snYfjxk rq, ksh dbyq kf jcIv hQ
pdl kf zdbYfjxk rq, ksh kf kf.
2. dhlzfkD kfv jfsu dbsusj zffr kfzftfv iadkD msb jsv.
jfvB zffr ifj wvDqk iaBqb jsvsYb hQ mfbcNsj kf]v sn dhLfb
zbcpfqD hfLA-hfLjkfv ndrk ytsk zfslw jsvsYb. zfv dkdb jfsu
jj W zdkDq. jfvB hflfvf pfsk mksHl jsv Kfsj sn dhNsq mDmfQnf
dkdb lfb jsv Kfsjb.
kf wvDqk sjfb fbt h bq hf mfbcsNv dhshj-hcd fvf vdyk dhLfb
bq; pf sp sj Yf jvst dbsuv kvI rsk vybf hf nQspfub jvsk ifsv.
pdl hAfifvef kf rk, kfrst zfv uolXhfnDv ubA sjfb bhD hf vnCt siavB
jvfv iasqfub dYt bf. dj dhlzfkD dhlzfk vybf jsv spb sn dbsusj

12

dhlzfk liGB

wvDqk vydqkfv iadkD W nmj[ msb jsv. kf sn kfv mk wvDqkdhLfb fhb jvsk nfrn ifq hQ v fvf mkfv W dhdYkfv fv
lXOfeb jvsk iaqfnD rq.
3. zfhfv dhlzfkD kfv jfsu dbsuv jfmbf W iahxdv zbcnvB jsv
Kfsj. zKy zffr ifj hstb,
4 !$# i Y t/ 1uy yt7?$# |r& tu

zKGf{, zffrv iK-dbslGw hAdksvsj sp hAd dbsuv sJqft JcwDv zbcnvB

jsv kfv zsi[f zdLj dhf zfv sj? (nCvf jfnfn 50 zfqfk) zkh sp
hAd kfv zfkfv iahxdsj zffrv iK-dbslGswv zbcnfvD jsv bf kfv sysq
shwD iK zfv sj sb.

dhlzfk W dhlzfkDv dblfhfl

zffrv Dsb bh dhLfb vybfjfvD dhlzfkD sp dbsusj kf]v nmj[ msb
jsv, jcvzfb jfvDsm kfv dblf jvf rsqsY. jfvB, dhlzfskv iK hiK.
zfv sp h isK ytsk yfq zffr kfv rlqsj h jsv slb. spsrkc
iadkswfL jxkjsmGv nlxw rsq Kfsj. spmb, zffr kfzftf hstb,
t)x9$# ts)9$# u !$#u 4 t/=% !$# s#yr& (##y $n=s

zKGf{, zk}iv Wvf pJb hiK zhtb jvt, kJb zffrW kfslv
rlqsj h jsv dlstb. zffr nkAkAfoD (Ifsnj) nialfqsj iK ialwGb
jsvb bf. (nCvf nfIXI 5 zfqfk)
kfslv wfd ubA sp, kfvf jcvzfsbv vij zfqfskv zbcnvB jsv,
nci AKGrDb zfqfk huGb jsv hQ vij zfqfskv Hct hAfJAf W kf{ipG
zbcnfb jsv; hvQ zfqfskv zKG dhjxk jsv Kfsj. zffr kfzftf hstb,
( My7ttF yz&u =tG39$# & Mys3t Mt#u |=tG39$# y7n=t tur& %!$# u
3 &#'s? u!$tG/$#u uG9$# u!$tG/$# tt7ts? $t t6Ku s y /=% t%!$# $r's

zKGf{, dkdb skfmfv iadk djkfhgzhkDBG jsvsYb pfv djYc zfqfk

dhlzfk liGB

13

nci AKGrDb, dt djkfshv mCt zQw. zfv zbAdt vij; pfslv msb
hkf zfsY kfvf dIkbf (dhwxJtf) nxd W Hct hAfJAfv sswA pf vij kfv
zbcnvB jsv. (nCvf zfst mvfb 7 zfqfk)
rpvk zfsqwf (vf}) jkxGj rflDsn hdBGk, dkdb hstb, zffrv vnCt
zfqfk nisjG dufdnk rst dkdb htstb, pfslvsj vij zfqfskv
zbcnvB jvsk slJsh zffr kfslvsj swA jsvsYb. zkh skfmvf
Lvsbv mfbcN rsk nfhLfb Kfsjf.
zbA j hBGbfq hstb, pfslvsj vij zfqfk dbsq kjG-dhhfl
(zbcviHfsh vrnA W sHl shv jvfv zisyf) jvsk slJsh kfslvsj
zffr t[A jsv hstsYb. zkh kfslv sKsj nfhLfb sKsjf.
mrfb zffr hstb,
4 >x ] |M9 $Yu (#%x.u s] (#%s t%!$# )

zKGf{, zhwA pfvf LmG ns bfbf mskv nxd jsvsY hQ dhdH lst
dhH rsqsY sjfb djYcsk kcdm kfslv msLA bW. (nCvf zfbzfm 159 zfqfk)
(hQ kfvf skfmfslv ltHc bq.)
hsb jfnDv hstb, dhdH lst dhH rsqsY; spmb dhdH nialfq lt,
iahxd W kfv zbcofmDvf rsqsY. zffr uff wfbcr kf]v vnCtsj sn nh lt
rsk nijGrDb sOfNBf jsvsYb. (kInDv hsb jfnDv)
zffr vfct zftfmDb zbA hstb,
4 &#7y t 3/ sxtGs 69$# (#7Fs? u ( 7?$$s $V)tG u #xy r&u
t)Gs? 6=ys9 / 38u 39s

zKGf{, dbyq de zfmfv nvt iK, nckvfQ v zbcnvB jv W dhdH

isKv zbcnvB jsvf bf. jvst kf skfmfslvsj kf]v iK rsk dhdY jsv
sItsh. Hfsh zffr skfmfslvsj dbslGw lfb jsvsYb, spb skfmvf nfhLfb
rW. (nCvf zfbzfm 153 zfqfk)
zffr sp nvt isKv iadk zfrhfb jsvsYb kf rt zfrmfl -v
ydvflwG; pf jcvzfb W ncfrv iK hQ iCBGf ntfsmv dhLfb. zfv zbAfbA
dhdH hf]jf iK, dhvhflD, zbAKfyfvD W yfvDslv iK; pfvf nvt iK rsk

14

dhlzfk liGB

nsv sosY, pfvf dbsuslv sJqft-JcwD W jciahxdv hwhkDG rsq zffrv Dsb
bkcbk nxd jsvsY.
isvf zfqfk wvDsI `dhdH (h]fjf) iK' htsk dhlzfkDslv dhdH iK
d rsqsY. spmb zfcfr dhb mfnl hstb, jlf vnCt nrs
jde (nvt) svJf efbstb, zk}iv htstb, ef zffrv nvt iK.
kfviv svJfdev Ffsb W hfsm zfsvf zsbj svJf sesb htstb, rsY
dhdH iK; pfv iaskAjdev iv vsqsY wqkfb, sp isKv dlsj zfrhfb jsv
(lfWqfk dlsk) Kfsj. zk}iv dkdb isvf zfqfkde ifE jvstb.
hfjXv dhb zf'tf hstb, `zfmfv msb rq kf]v swA mbcNAwqkfsbv
zfrhfb; zfv kf rsY dhlzfk.'
mcufdrl hstb, `dhdH iKnmCsrv zbcnvB jsvf bf. zKGf{, dhlzfk W
ndlrfb jsmGv zbcnvB jsvf bf.'
dhlzfkDslv dblfhfl spmb zft-jcvzfsb sJ jvf rsqsY skmdb h
nQJAj rflDsn bhhDsk kfslv zdk dblf dhhxk rsqsY hQ kfslv kf,
ifi W kfslv zfmt zoarBspfoAkfv jKfW hdBGk rsqsY. spmb mcfIf
hstb, sp hAd zfmfslv dhLfsb zfLcdbj djYc vybf jvsh; pf v zHcG
bq kf iakAfJAfk. (idvkAfuA W hfdkt.) (hcJfvD 4/355)
zbA hBGbfq hstb, sp hAd mb sjfb zfmt jsv pfv iv zfmfslv
sjfb dbslGw sb, kf bfjyjxk W Jdk. (mcndtm)
sp hAd srlfqfk (n{isKv) dlsj zfrhfb jvsh kfv icBA rsh Wv
zbcnfvDslv icBAvfdwv mk. kfslv jfsvfv icBA djYc idvmfBW jm jvf rsh
bf. zfv sp hAd kfv dlsj mfbcNsj zfrhfb jvsh (hf lfWqfk slsh) kfv
ifi rsh Wv zbcnfvDslv ifivfduv mk. kfslv jfsvf ifi djYc idvmfBW
jm jvf rsh bf. (mcndtm)
sjfb ufdk pJb kfslv Dsb sjfb dhlzfk vybf jsv, kJb zffr kfslv
ncfr sKsj nmidvmfB zQw kcst sbb. zk}iv kf zfv kfslv iadk djqfmk
ipG dIdvsq slb bf. (lfsvmD)
rWp jWnsvv ifdb ifb jvfv ubA diifnfkG stfj (djqfmskv) dlb
zffrv bhD -v dbje idk rsh. dj kfslvsj dbvsw ]e dhkfdVk

dhlzfk liGB

15

jvfv bAfq dhkfdVk jvf rsh. dkdb htshb, `Wvf zfmfv lstv. (hf Wvf skf
zfmfv mk).' htf rsh. dkdb htshb, `zfidb ufsbb bf, zfibfv dhok
rWqfv iv Wvf dj bhvybf jsvdYt.' kJb bhD kfslvsj htshb } lCv
rW, lCv rW. (mcndtm)
dkdb zfsvf hstb, zfmfv iCshG zffrv siadvk iaskAj bhDv ubA kf]v
mskv mLA rsk h dwNA W nryv dYt; pfvf kf]v zflwG oarB jvk hQ
kf]v nhGjfsu zbcnvB jvk. zk}iv kfslv iv kfvf zfdl bq. zkh sp
hAd kfslv dhvs r fvf durfl jsv sn mcdmb. sp hAd kfslv dhvs
vnbf fvf durfl jsv sn mcdmb hQ sp hAd kfslv dhvs zv fvf durfl
jsv sn mcdmb. zfv v iyfsk j ndvNf lfbf idvmfBW mfb Kfsj bf.
(mcndtm)

dbyq zffr kfzftf iaskAj dhlzfkD rsk kWhf zdvk jsvsYb.(1)

(dntdntfr nrDrfr 1620bQ)

sp hAd (Dsb) zdHbh djYc vybf jsv zKhf sjfb bkcbk h

vydqkfsj fb slq kfv iv zffr, dIdvfoB hQ nm mfbcsNv
zdHwfi. zffr kfv dbje rsk bIt hflk (zKhf kWhf) hQ sjfb
Ivp hflk (zKhf [dkiCvB jvshb bf.)
zfmXv dhb nftfmfr hstb, Iusvv bfmfspv iCshG zfmvf zfcfr dhb
mfnl -v hfdVv lvufq hsn Kfjkfm. pJb dkdb bfmfspv ubA shv
rskb, kJb zfmvf kf]v nfsK mndusl spkfm. (jlf vi hsndYtfm)
dkmsLA zfhc mCnf zfwzfvD zfmfslv dbje sn htstb, `Jsbf dj zfhC
zfcv vrmfb (hsb mfnl) shv rb db?' zfmvf hfm, `bf.' zk}iv kf]v
zsi[fq dkdbW zfmfslv ndrk hsn sostb. kfviv dkdb pJb hfdV rsk
(1)ifisj ifi msb jsv kWhf jvfv kWIDj tfH rq. dj dhlzfksj Db msb jsv

iftb jsv dhlzfkD. nckvfQ kf sKsj kWhf jvfv sjfb iaw WsE bf kfv msb. i[fsv
dhlzfkD pdl rj susb dhlzfk sYsV dh dys kWhf jsv kfrst zhwA kWhfv lvuf
sJftf zfsY. zffr vnCt hstb, zffr iaskAj dhlzfkDv kWhf kk[B ipG dok
vfsJb (oarB jsvb bf) pk[B ipG sn kfv dhlzfk huGb bf jsvsY. (kfhfvfbD, nrDr
kfvoDh 51 bQ)

16

dhlzfk liGB

shv rsq stb, kJb zfmvf njst kf]v iadk sE lfqmfb rtfm. zfhC mCnf
zfwzfvD k]fv sswA htstb, `sr zfhc zfcv vrmfb! zfdm mndusl [db
mb jfu slJtfm, pf zck hf zHCkiChG. ksh zftrfmlcdtfr, zfdm kf
Hft msb jdv.' dkdb htstb, `dj snef? ' (zfhc mCnf) htstb, `pdl hf]syb
skf slJsk ifshb; zfdm mndusl j nialfqsj j-j soft ShEsj hsn
bfmfspv iakD[f jvsk slJtfm. kfslv rfsk vsqsY jf]jv. iaskAj mudtsn
sjfb j hAd zbAfbA njstv sswA htsY, jwk hfv `zff zfjhfv'
iV. kf wcsb njst wkhfv kjhDv ifE jvsY. stfjde zfhfv htsY,
jwk hfv `tf tfrf ffr' iV. kf wcsb njst wkhfv kfrtDt ifE
jvsY. zfhfv htsY, jwk hfv `nchrfbffr' iV. kf wcsb njst wkhfv
knhDr ifE jvsY.' dkdb (hsb mfnl) htstb, `zfidb Wslvsj dj
htstb?' zfhc mCnf htstb, `zfibfv vfsqv zsi[fq zfdm Wslvsj djYc
hdtdb.' dkdb htstb, `zfidb Wslvsj dbsuslv ifi oBbf jvsk sjb zfslw
jvstb bf hQ Wslv icBA dhb bf rhfv iv pfmfbk sjb dbstb bf?'
zfmXv hstb, zk}iv zfmvf kf]v ndrk ytsk tfotfm. dkdb nm soft
ShEsjv sjfb j ShEsjv nmcsJ siZ]sY lfqmfb rsq htstb, `zfdm
skfmfslvsj dj jvsk slJdY?' Wvf htt, `sr zfhc zfcv vrmfb! jf]jv,
v fvf kjhDv, krtDt W knhDr oBbf jvdY.' dkdb htstb, `skfmvf
skfmfslv ifivfdw oBbf jv, zfdm skfmfslv ubA pfdmb rdY sp, skfmfslv
sjfb icBA dhb rsh bf. dLjX skfmfslv iadk sr msk mcrfmfl! dj nkv
skfmfslv LQsnv iK t! skfmfslv bhDv nfrfhfhxl JbW psK vsqsYb.
kf]v h Jsbf dhb rqdb. kf]v ifnmCr Jsbf Ho rqdb. kf]v wiK
pf]v rfsk zfmfv iafB zfsY! skfmvf mb dmfsk zfY pf mcrfmfl -v
dmfk zsi[f swakv zKhf skfmvf kfv fv lXOfebjfvD?!' Wvf htt,
`zffrv jnm, sr zfhc zfcv vrmfb! zfmvf Hftv Yf jsvdY.' dkdb
htstb, `dj jk Hfstfv zdHtfND Hfstfv bfoft ifq bf! zhwA zffrv
vnCt zfmfslvsj rflDn hBGbf jsvsYb sp, j nialfq jcvzfb ifE
jvsh, dj kfslv ifE (sktfzk) kfslv j zdkm jvsh bf. zfv
zffrv jnm! ufdb bf, nHhk} kfslv zdLjfQw skfmfslv mLA rsk.'

dhlzfk liGB

17

zk}iv dkdb snJfb rsk iafb jvstb. zfmXv dhb nftfmfr hstb,
`brvWqfsbv dlb ShEjnmCsrv zdLjfQw stfjsj JfWqfsvuslv ndrk
slsJ dYtfm. pfvf zfmfslv (rpvk zftD W zbAfbA nfrfhfslv) dhvs pc
tVdYt.' (dntdntfr 2005bQ)
zdLjfQw dhlzfkDv vybfq djYcef zKhf niCBG nlcswA Kfsj. sjfb
n{jfu jvsY msb jsv bkcb sjfb LmDGq jmG dhvdyk jsv. jcvzfsbv
(dhswN jsv dnIfskv) zfqfknmCsrv zihAfJAf W Hct kf{ipG jsv. zsbj
s[s i zKG kAfo jsv dbsuv fb W iahxdv hwhkGD rsq dhdH jCefKG
fhb jsv. rj W hfdkstv mfsU JfmJf nmhq W niaDdk nfLb jvfv
sswA zffr W klDq vnCstv dbslGdwk iK hAdksvsj dH isK jtAfB
zshNB jsv. Lvsbv djYc jie mfbcsNv sswA zffr ifj hstb,
uus? *s ( 3 F{$# <'&u t9$# (#r&u !$# (#r& (#t#u t%!$# $pr't
|mr&u yz y79s 4 zF$# u9$#u !$$/ t? . ) 9$#u !$# n<) s &x
t& !$tu y79s ) t& !$y/ (#t#u r& tt %!$# n<) us? s9r& 's?
r& s9$# u / (#3t r& (#& s%u N9$# n<) (#x.$ytFt r& t y7=6s%
|Mr&u 9$# n<)u !$# tur& !$t 4n<) (#s9$ys? m; % #s)u #Yt/ Kn=
| =
r& Mts% $y/ 8t7 F;u |r& !#s) y#s3s #Y y7t tt t)u9$#
!$# n=t 9$# y7s9'& $)s?u $Y|m) H) !$tur& ) !$$/ t=ts x8!%y` O
$Z=t/ Ks% r& ; %u u ]t r's / =% $t

zKGf{, sr mfblfvoB! pdl skfmvf zffr W ivjfst dhhfn jv ksh

zffrv zbcok rW, vnCt W skfmfslv wfnj (zfmDv W tfmf)slv zbcok
rW. zfv pdl sjfb dhNsq skfmfslv msLA mksHl Ose, kfrst sn dhNsq
zffr W vnCstv (djkfh W ncfrv) Ifqnftf bfW. de Hfstf hQ hAfJAfq
(idvBfsm) iajxkv. (sr mcrfmfl!) kcdm dj kfslv slJdb, pfvf LfvBf jsv sp
skfmfv iadk pf zhkDBG rsqsY hQ skfmfv iCshG pf zhkDBG rsqsY kfsk kfvf
dhhfn jsv? zKy kfvf kfoCskv (zffr hAkDk dH zfvfLA W mfbA h

18

dhlzfk liGB

spmb, mcdkG, jhv, mfpfv,Ucef zfdtqf, mboVf jfbcb, wqkfb, mb W iahxd

iaHxdkv) jfsY dhyfviafKDG rsk yfq - pdlW kf iakAfJAfb jvfv ubA kfslvsj
zfslw slWqf rsqsY. zfv wqkfb kfslvsj HDNBHfsh iK jvsk yfq.
kfslvsj pJb htf rq sp, zffr pf zhkDBG jsvsYb kfv dlsj hQ vnCstv
dlsj (djkfh W ncfrv dlsj) n, kJb kcdm jieslv skfmfv dbje sKsj
sjhfsv mcJ dIdvsq dbsk slJsh. nckvfQ kfslv jxkjsmGv ubA pJb kfslv
iv sjfb dhil sn isV kJb kfslv dj zhf rq? zk}iv skfmfv dbje
zffrv wiK jsv htsh sp, zfmvf jtAfB W niaDdk nfLb hAkDk zbA djYc
yfdb. vf skf kfvf pfslv zsv dj zfsY zffr kf ufsbb. nckvfQ kcdm
kfslvsj si[f jv, kfslvsj nlcislw lfW hQ kfslvsj sofisb oHDv
jKf ht. (nCvf dbnf 59-63 zfqfk)
zfqfskv mboVf zKG W hAfJAfjfvD j nialfq ns nkjG jsv vnCt
hstb, skfmfslv msLA sj sj jcvzfsbv hAfJAfv iv tVsh, spmb
zfdm Wv zhkvsBv iv tVdY. (mcnbfsl zfrmfl, bfnf, hsb drfb)

dhlzfskv nQfKG

dhlzfskv zfdHLfdbj zKG; dhbf bmcbf hf lfrvsB djYc vybf hf fhb

jvf hf zfdhjfv jvf. spmb zffr kfzftf hstb, (zffr) zfjfwmtD
W ixdKhDv zfdhjkGf. zKGf{ dhbf bmcbfq nxdjkGf. (nCvf hfjfvfr 117 zfqfk)
htf rq dhlzfk jsvsY ; zKGf{, mb iK hf iaKf vybf jsvsY, iCshG pfv
sjfb lfrvB dYt bf. spmb, sp Oebf hf jf iCshG jJsbf Osedb kfsj htf
rq `zHCkiChG Oebf.'
njt zsKGv iadk sJqft jsv dhlzfksj `dhlzfk' htf rsqsY nckvfQ
mb LmDGq dhhfn, jKf hf jfu pfv sjfb ltDt wvDqsk sb. dhlzfkDv
iCshG zffrv vnCt zKhf k]fv sjfb nfrfhD hstbdb hf jsvbdb, pfv sjfb
dk Dsb hf jcvzfsb zKhf nrDr ncfrsk sb, bkcbHfsh kf dhhfn jvf,
htf hf jvfsj - pf zfnt wvDqskv nmkctA msb jvf rq hQ zdkvb jsv
kf iftbDq LmDGq vDdk nvi jvfv sswA rq - kfsj dhlzfk hst.

dhlzfk liGB

19

zbA jKfq, iaskAj sn zfmt (hflk msb jsv hf zffrv nd zfsY

msb hf wvDqk sHsh hf jvsk rq zKhf sb sHsh, sbjD hf sofbfr rq msb
jsv) jvf hf kAfo jvf, pfv dbslGw hf dk Dsb sb kfsj dhlzfk hst.

(ufu fdhqAfr)

zkh sp zfmstv mCt Db hf wvDqsk zfsY hQ djYcjft isv pdl kfv

bkcbHfsh nQfv nfLb jvf rq, kfrst kfsj zfdHLfdbj zsKG `dhlzfk'
htf sostW wvqD zsKG kf `dhlzfk' bq. spmb djYc ntsIv d
db'mfdkt dhlzfr (m zfdhjfv hf dhlzfr) wvqD zsKG dhlzfk bq.
rpvk mfv pJb nm stfjslvsj vmpfsbv kfvfhDr iVfv ubA j
mfsmv diYsb umfsqk rsq bfmfp iVsk slJstb, kJb dkdb htstb,
`db'mfdkt dhlzfkc rf-dpr.' (zKGf{, m zfdhjfv ef!) ef zfdHLfdbj
zsKG dhlzfr. jfvB, vmpfsb ufmfzfk jsv kfvfhDrv bfmfp iVfv mCt dHd
wvDqsk dYt. vnCt dbsu nfrfhfhxlsj dbsq ufmfzfk jsv lc-dkb vfd
kfvfhDrv bfmfp isVdYstb. kfviv bfmfp mskv iv Ivp rsq pfsh
hQ kf zflfq jvsk kfvf z[m rsh - zfwfq zfv sjfb dlb ufmfzfk
jsv isVbdb. nckvfQ kf wvqD zsKG dhlzfk bq. i[fsv rpvk msvv hf
zbAfbA JtDIf W nfrfhfv jmGW ncfr.
nkjGkfv dhNq sp, rpvk mfv hf JctfIfsq vfswlDb -slv sjfb
jfsuv slfrf dlsq dhlzfk jvf hf bhD -v isv kf]slv sjfb jmGsj
kf]slv ivhkDG pcso sjfb bkcb LmDGq jfu hf iaKf vybf jvfv iv ltDt msb
jvf pfsh bf. kf jKf jfsvf msb jvf dyk bq sp, rpvk nmfb nm
jcvzfbD zfqfksj umf jsv mcnrfI hf oafjfsv dtdih jsvsYb pf j
bkcb jfu dYt, kf zfmfslvW Lvsbv sjfb zbA jfu jvf ytsh, zKhf
k]fslv Lvsbv jmGdt dhlzfk dYt. jfvB, zffrv vnCt -v dsk
iamfdBk sp, kf]slv sp sjfbW jfu ncfr, dhlzfk bq; pdl kf kf]v dbslGswv
idviD bf rq ksh. zkh kf]slv dbslGdwk hf jxkjsmGv zfmvf zbcnvB
jvsk ifdv; dj kfsk sjfb zdkdv zKhf kf]slv vybfv zbcjvsB sjfb
zbA bkcb jmG vybf jvsk ifdv bf. zfhfv sjfb slwfyfv, stZdjj hf sjfb
ShNdqj jfu (LmG bf sHsh jvfsj) zfdHLfdbj zsKG dhlzfk htf sostW

20

dhlzfk liGB

wvDqskv ifdvHfdNj zsKG kf `dhlzfk' bq hQ vnCt -v swA

Lvsbv jsmGv iv nkjG jvfW bq. zhwA nm iaKf hf jmG wvDqk
idviD rst sn jKf dH.
klbcvi sjfb ShNdqj hf Shfdbj zfdhjfvW wvqD zsKG dhlzfk bq. kf
nfLfvB jsmG zKhf Db W hflskv znDtfr W mfLAmvi hAhrfv jvfW
dhlzfskv ipGfsq isV bf. spmb zfpfb, bfmfp hf Jckhfv usbA tfF-iDjfv,
dhlcA{ hfdk, dw[fv zdHbh hAhf kAfdlsj dhlzfk htsk ifdv bf.
i[fsv pdl sjfb jfu hflk hf SbjeAlfbjfvD bf sHsh jvf rq, ksh
kfv dkb zhf rsk ifsv;
(1) sn jfsuv sjfb i dbslGw wvDqsk bf KfjstW kf hAfij zKG W
smZdtj bDdkv zGHc rsh. zi hf isvf[ dk Kfjst kf dhlzfk hst
oBA rsh bf. hvQ kf mCt zKG zbcpfqD dbslGw Wqfsuh rst jmG
Wqfsuh; bsy{ mcfrfh zKhf rfvfm rsh.
(2) sn jfsuv iadk ziW sjfb dk wvDqsk ifWqf pfsh bf hQ kf
smZdtj bDdk hf hAfij ltDstvW zfWkfHc bq. hvQ sn dhNsq wvDqk
bDvh. kfrst kf mchfr. zKGf{, kfsk ifi-icBA djYc sb.
(3) sn jfu hAfij sjfb ltDstv hf smZdtj bDdkv zHGc bq hQ
dhNsq wvDqk bDvh. dj kf hflk hf zfmstv sjht znDtfr W mfLAm mf.
kfrst kf sp jfsuv znDtf kfv drnfsh znDtfvW vk rsh. spmb khtDo
hf ntfm iayfsvv ubA svdFW, de,dH, seisvjFGfv, zfpfb, utnf hf lsnGv
ubA mfj kAfdl zfmstv nrfqj pfdl hAhrfv jvf dhlzfskv ipGfsq isV
bf. (Ifvflct IfWqfl, hsb NfmDb 144-145 ix})

dhlzfk liGB

21

dhlzfskv iajfvsHl

ShdwsAv lxdsjfB sKsj dhlzfksj lc Hfso Hfo jvf pfq;

dhlzfr rfjDdjqAfr (iajxk dhlzfk) hQ dhlzfr
pfdIqAfr (zdkdv dhlzfk).
iajxk dhlzfk kJb htf rq, pJb LmG-ji jfsuv dHd djkfh, ncfr
zKhf umfsk ifWqf pfq bf. hvQ dHdrDbHfsh sn jfusj Db hst smsb
sbWqf rq. spmb, sjfb ndlrfsb isV dhbf sjfb wvqD Wpv zKhf n{
sswA sjfb rftft hsj rfvfm zKhf rfvfm hsj rftft jvf. spmb,
ShvfoA zhtb jvf, mfY-mfQnfdl m JflA H[B bf jvf, m idvYl
idvrfv jvf, iasqfub Kfjf nsW dhhfr bf jvf kAfdl. zfkfsj j dlsq
(spmb slsr jf]ef, dusH dwj Ic]sV zffrv SbjeA zfwf jvf, uAf jhv dbsq
mfdev iv rfk shv jsv knhDr iVf, mdnGqf-mfksm hcj dyvf, disE yfhcj
mfvf iaHxdkv mfLAsm) hflk jvf hf sbjD tfsHv zfwf jvf.
rpvk zfcfr dhb mfnl hstb, zfmvf bhD -v ndrk durfsl
(nIsv) Kfjkfm hQ zfmfslv ns zfmfslv ikDvf Kfjk bf. (lDOG nIsvv
Ist spZbuftf zbcHCk rst) zfmvf kf]sj httfm, `zfmvf Jfdn jvh bf dj?'
dkdb zfmfslvsj kfsk dbsNL jvstb hQ hsv dhdbmsq (nIsv) sjfb
bfvDsj dhhfr jvsk zbcmdk dlstb. zk}iv zfqfk ifE jvstb,
!$# ) 4 (#tGs? u 3s9 !$# xmr& !$t Mt6hs (#hutB (#t#u t%!$# $pr't
ttF9$# =t

zKGf{, sr mfblfvoB! zffr skfmfslv ubA sp nh {jx h ShL

jsvsYb, sn njtsj skfmvf zShL jsvf bf. nDmftQObjfvDslvsj zffr
smfse Hfthfsnb bf. (nCvf mfsqlfr 87 zfqfk, hcJfvD 8/276)
zfhc jfn dhb rfspm hstb, rpvk zfhc hfjXv zfrmfsnv pqbfh bfmj
j mdrtfv dbje iashw jvstb. dkdb kfsj slJstb, sn jKf hst bf.

22

dhlzfk liGB

dufnf jvstb, `hAfifv dj Wv, jKf hst bf sjb?' njst htt, `bDvh sKsj
r jvsk yfq.' dkdb mdrtfdesj htstb, `jKf ht, jfvB, ef ShL bq.
mb jvf ufsrdtqfskv jfu.' mdrtfde kJb jKf htsk wcv jvt. htt,
`zfidb sj?' dkdb htstb, `mcrfsuvDbslv jde stfj.' (hcJfvD 7/147)
klbcvi mb mboVf hflk vybf jvf pfv dhLfb zffr kfzftf slbdb.
spmb dhbf idhkfq bfmfp iVf, jfWqftD, ofb-hfubf iaHxdkv mfLAsm
zffrv nd yfWqf kAfdl. zbcviHfsh wvDqsk ncfrsj ltDt mfbsk
znDjfv jvf, wc hBGbfv iv fb W dhshjsj iafLfbA slWqf hQ fsbv
dbdsk wvDqksj Wub jvf kAfdl.
klbcvi rjDjk, kvDjk hf mfsvIk kAfdl bkcb iK vybf jvf hf mfbA
jvf. dbdlG LmDGq mpGflf (hf jfmfst) si]ZsY sost -zfmt Wqfsuh rWqfv
wkGfhtD hkGmfb Kfjf nsW - zfv sjfb zfmt jfsmstv iv Wqfsuh
sb Hfhf. zKhf mfsvIkDv sn mdst siZ]sY sost hflfv dbje rfvfmrftft nh jfjfv rsq pfq; kJb zfv kfsj wvDqskv hfLf smsb ytsk rq
bf, hAdHyfv, wcsqfv, jcjcv, mflj lahA kAfdl rfvfm h kfv ubA rftft rsq
pfq - LfvBf jvf zKhf sjfb mvdmqf kfbcnfb jvf kAfdl.
zdkdv dhlzfk kJb rq, pJb zfnt zfmt skf dhsLq Kfsj; dj
dhsLq jsmGv nfsK zfsvf djYc zdkdv jmG mboVfHfsh pc jsv slWqf rq.
pfv Ist icsvf jmGef zdhsLq dhlzfk hst dhshdyk rq. stfj mfsU
zdLjfQw dhlzfskv iaytb shwD. spmb; bfmfp, svfpf, dpjXv, lczf,
lvl, jsv nmq iCBG zpc iaHxdk dhsLq hflk; sp nshv dhLfb wvDqsk
vsqsY. dj sj pdl hst, zfdm j vfjzfsk jw hfv jct isV zKhf
iadk vfjzfsk dkb hfv jsv dnulf jsv bfmfp iVh, svZsla j sHfo jsv
Yfqf Kfjf nsW kf oarB bf jsv svfpf jvh, hYsvv dkb w' i]qNd dlb
svfpf vfJh. jdk rsq nmnsv ufmfzfkD dpjXv jvh, spJfsb dhsLq bq
snJfsb js rfk kcst ufmfzfkD lczf jvh, ufmfzfkh rsq lf]dVsq
nmnsv lvl iVh kAfdl ksh sn dhlzfkD. zpcv nmq zdkdv dhlzfk
spmb, sjfb hAdv dbje ovm ifdb mucl zfsY, dj kf nsW jdEb wDskv
nmq zdk wDkt ifdb fvf zpc jvf m msb jsv hQ ifdb fvf zpc jsv

dhlzfk liGB

23

zfkfsj j dlsq zffrv ndv zfwf jsv.

nckvfQ bfmfp, svfpf, dpjXv iaHxdk wvDqk-nmk (Ivp) hflk pf iftb
jvsk hflf zfdl rsqsY, pf zflfq jvsk kfsj zbciafdBk jvf rsqsY hQ
kfv dhdbmsq mrficBAtfsHv iadkwadkW lfb jvf rsqsY. dj kfv ndrk
iftsbv zdkdv mboVf idk W iaBftD nisjG sjfb dbslGw kfsj slWqf
rqdb. kf spmbHfsh kfsj kf iftb jvsk htf rsqdYt, dEj skmdbHfsh
kf kfv jvf dyk dYt. kf bf jsv jsiftjdik idksk wvDqskv iv
nQswfLb W nQspfub nfLb jvfv zisyf W lc}nfrdnjkf jsv. zKy zffr
hstb, zfu skfmfslv ubA skfmfslv Dbsj iCBGf jsv dltfm.
iCshG zfstfdyk rsqsY sp, rpvk zfcfr dhb mfnl jlt mfbcNsj
js nmnsv dpjXv jvsk slsJ htstb, `zhwA skfmvf nDmftQOb jsv
(dpjXv jvfv) j zdHbh if (dhlzfk) vybf jsvY zKhf mcrfmfl -v
nryvhxl zsi[f skfmvf dbsuslvsj tXsm zdLj hV msb jvY. dbyq
skfmvf kfv ifsiv ubA Lxk rsh.'
zbcviHfsh bhD-dlhsnv dhlzfk; zhwA bhD -v iadk Hd, siam W
Hfthfnf iaskAj mcndtsmv iv Wqfsuh. sjfb mfbcN kk[B ipG mcdmb
rsk ifsv bf, pk[B ipG bf sn kfv zfib iafB, nfb, dikf hQ njt
mfbcN (hvQ njt nxd) zsi[f kf]sj zdLj HftshsnsY. (hcJfvD)
dj nQnfsv iaskAj Hfstfhfnf hf siasmv j j vjm dH-dH Hfh W
Lvb zfsY. dhhdiaq bhD rpvk mcrfmfl -sj Hfthfnfv Lvb rt, kf]v
zfbcokA jvf, kf]v jKfv zbcnvB jvf, kf]v zflswG zflwGhfb rWqf, kf]v
iaskAj dbslGw iftb jvf, iaskAj dbdN jmG rsk dhvk Kfjf, dkdb dhlzfk
(hf Dsb zdHbh iK vybf) jvsk dbsNL jsvsYb kf mfbA jvf.
pdl nh sj jvsk ifsv ksh nkA sn bhDv pKfKG siadmj hf H. bsy{
sp sjht mcsJ siasmv lfhD jsv, stfj nmfsu iayfv jsv hQ diaqksmv mb W
zfslswv iadkjCst yst sn j jie H siadmj hAkDk djYc bq. rA]f, bhDdlhn j zdHbh vdyk bhDsiam-dhjfw idk. pfv sjfb dbslGw zKhf dk
dkdb slbdb. kf]v jf H nfrfhfhxlW dlhn iftb jsv kf]v iaofP Hd
W siasmv iamfB W idvyq dlsq pfbdb. zKy kf]vf LmGLuDslv sysq jk

24

dhlzfk liGB

wkB zdLj kf]v jKfv zbcnvB jvskb, kf]sj kf'pDm W Hd jvskb.

kf]slv isv sjfb zfrst ncfrv mfmW idk ians sjfb dk slbdb.
siam iaBftD hf Hd iajfswv `IAfwb' vfsIpfr, IfskmD hf hflD
dIjGfrv stfsjvf zfdhjfv jsv mcndtm nmfsu iaydtk jsvsY. sp IfskmDslv
iajxk hQwLfvf nctfdmqfv jub qflD rsk wcv rq.
bhD dlhn ians wfqJct ntfm hsb kfdmqAfr (v}) hstb, JaDfbslv
zbcjvsB zKhf bhD -v mrsk (zdkvb jsv) djYc stfj kf]v um
dlbdesj `bhD dlhn'vsi slv mk iftb jsv Kfsj. zKy kf]v umdlb
ians dkrfdnjslv msLA mkfv vsqsY. (zsbsj hstsYb 12 vdht
zfWqft. dj nhGnmk zdHmsk kf]v mxkcA dlb kfvDsJ. kf dlsb
usmv JcwD mfbfst kf]v mxkcAv dlsb JcwD jvf rq. zfhfv mxkcAv swfj iftb
jvst usmv wcH zfbslv idviD rq.) iv dlbdesj zKhf bhDdlhn
bfmj sjfb l nItslv sj iftb jsv pfbdb. (k]fvf skf sjht lcde l
ufbskb.) zKy pdl l iftsb sjfb mt Kfjk, kfrst zfmfslv sysq
kf]vf kfv zdLj rjlfv rskb. (zfmfslv iCshGgkf]vf shwDvsi kf iftb
jsv spskb.) jfvB zfmfslv sysq kf]slv rlsq bhD -v mrk W kf'pDm
hB zdLj dYt hQ zfmfslv zsi[f kf]vf zdLj jtAfBjv W icBAmq
jsmGv sJf]u W zfwf vfJskb.
i[fsv iajxk mrk W siasmv idvyq kf]v zfbcokA W zbcnvsB, kf]v
zfslw iftsb, kf]v ncfr W zflwG fvf uDhb W ydv oEsb, kf]v zfbDk
wvDqk iayfsv hQ v isv dbu r, vnbf W zv fvf durfsl iajfw ifq.
mrk iajfswv idk iafKdmj zoafbcnfvD mcrfsuvDb W zfbnfvslv
hQ pf]vf wcdys kf]slv zbcomb jsvsYb kf]slv.' (dkpfn dnvfdkt mcfjDm)
dhlzfksj dH zfsvf dkb Hfso dhH jvf rq } (1)
'dkjfdlqAfr (dhhfnok) (2) jfWdtqAfr (jKfok) hQ
(3) zfmfdtqAfr (jmGok).
1. dhhfnok dhlzfk kJb rq, pJb sjfb djYcv iv jfsvf dhhfn vnCt
W nfrfhfv dhhfsnv idviD rq. spmb JfWqfsvuslv dhhfn; kfvf msb jsv
sp, sjfb mcndtm jfhDvfr bfr (ycdv, ycotD, rkAf kAfdl) jvst jfsIv rsq

dhlzfk liGB

25

dyvfqD ufrffmhfnD rsh. kf kfvf zsbj nfrfhfslvsjW jfsIv msb jsv

Kfsj. zKy zfrst ncfrv msk sn hAd jfsIv rq bf. ifsiv idvmfB mk
slfpsJ wfd sHfo jsv mfsbv jfvsB jdlb uffkhfnD rsh. zKhf zffr
Yf jvst kfsj mfI jsv uffsk slshb.
spmb zsbsjv dhhfn; zffr nh ufqofq dhlAmfb. zKy zffr zfsYb
nfjfswv iv zfvsw. kf]v tXm zfsY nhGs.
klbcvi dhhfn sp, mfbcsNv jmG mfbcsNv nxd, zffrv nxd bq, zKhf
jsmG mfbcsNv sjfb Jdkqfv sb iaHxdk.
2. jKfok dhlzfk kJb rq, pJb mb jKf htf W iayfv jvf rq pf
djkfh W ncfrv dhivDk. spmb dhdH dIjGf; vfsIpfr, JfWqfsvu, ufrdmqfr,
mc'kfsptfr, zfwzfdvqAfr iaHxdkslv jKf. pfvf djkfh W ncfrv smZtbDdk
huGb jsv nfrfhfsq sjvfmosBv nmU W kvDjf iakAfJAfb jsv Hsqv
zihAfJAf W Hct zKG mboVfHfsh jsv Kfsj hQ zfrst ncfr kKf lcdbqfq
djqfmk ipG rj W bAfsqv nis[ durfsl kfsqIfr mfbnCvfr (nfrfpA iaf
sofD) hQ zfsJvfsk `dIjGfr bfduqfr' (mcdiaf nialfq)-v dhsvfdLkf
jsv Kfsj. pfvf nfrfhfslvsj ofdt slq, sj jfhDvfr sofbfr jvst kfsj
jfsIv W dyv-ufrffmD hst, zffr mdrmfdbk BfhtDv kf'hDt W zihAfJAf
zKhf znDjfv jsv kAfdl.
3. jmGok dhlzfk kJb rq, pJb mb sjfb jfu Db sHsh hf jvsk rq
sHsh jvf rq, pf wvDqsk hdBGk jfu W kfv idkv iadkjCt rq. spmb
wshhvfk, wsh dm'vfu, mcrfvGfm, yftsw iaHxdk iftb jvf.
dhlzfskv iadkdqfv dlsj t[A jsv kfsj lc Hfso Hfo
jvf rq (j) dhlzfk mcjfIdIvfr (J) ofqv mcjfIXdIvfr.
(j) mcjfIXdIvfr dhlzfk kJb htf rq, pJb dhlzfk jvfv Ist
dhlzfkD jfsIv hst oBA rq. spmb, nhGhfdlnmk sjfb DbD zbcwfnbsj
znDjfv jvf, sjfb Ivp jmGsj znDjfv jvf, zKhf pf Ivp bq kfsj Ivp
jsv sbWqf, nGnmk sjfb rftft hsj rfvfm zKhf kfv dhivDk jvf.
zffr W kf]v vfnCt zKhf djkfh ians mb dhhfn vfJf, pf rsk zffr,
k]fv vnCt hQ djkfh idh. spmb; zffrv ic zfsY Hfhf, vnCtsj zffr

26

dhlzfk liGB

msb jvf (zfrmflsj zfrfl msb jvf) jcvzfbsj mJtcj (nx) msb jvf
kAfdl. klbcvi jhv hf zffbf iCuf jvf hQ uffk, ufrffm, kjlDv,
dIdvf dub iaHxdk zDjfv W zdhhfn jvf kAfdl.
(J) ofqv mcjfIXdIvfr dhlzfk kJb htf rq, pJb dhlzfk jsv dhlzfkD
kfv jfvsB jfsIv rsq pfq bf, ksh ifiD dbyq rq. spmb, dbdlG nmq rsk
bfmfp slvD jsv iVf, slv bfmfspv iCshG Jckhfr iVf, dhdH ihG W slv
fhb jvf kAfdl.
iajfw sp,dhlzfsk rfnfbfr (sp dhlzfk sjfb ijfv W mstv Jfdksv
vybf jvf rq) hst sjfb dhlzfk sb; pf jvst ifi bf rsq icBAtfH rq,
zKhf kf mchfr. hvQ Dsb iaskAj bhDb dhvyb dhlzfk hQ iaskAj
dhlzfk nfsqzfr W kf. htf hftA, dhlzfksj dhlzfsk rfnfbfr W
dhlzfsk nfsqzfr lc Hfso Hfo jvfW j dhlzfk.
vnCt ucmzfv Jckhfq htskb, dbyq nhGswa jKf zffrv hfBD hQ
nshGfm srlfqfk (iKdbslGw) mcrfmfl -v srlfqfk. nhGdbjx dhNq pfhkDq
zdHbh vdyk dhNq. iaskAj zdHbh vdyk dhNq dhlzfk hQ iaskAj
dhlzfk kf. zbA j hBGbfq zfsY sp, zfv iaskAj kf ufrffsm.
nkjGkfv dhNq sp, rflDn wvDsI htf rsqsY, sp hAd ntfsm sjfb m
ncfr (iaKf hf vDdk vybf hf) yftc jsv, kfv ubA vsqsY ncfrv nWqfh hQ
kfv nWqfhW sp ncfrv iv zfmt jsv------.
v zKG bq sp, pdl sj wvDqsk sjfb m jmG hf iaKf bkcbHfsh iaytb
jsv ksh sn nWqfshv zdLjfvD rsh. hvQ v zKG sp, sp hAd sjfb
dhdLnmk m jfu iafvH jsv hQ kfv slJfsldJ zbAfbA stfj sn jfu
jsv, zKhf sjfb ncfrv nQfv jsv; zKGf{, pf zfnst ncfr W DbD vDdk,
dj kfv iv sj zfmt bf jvfv Ist kf mxkiafq Kfsj hQ sj sn kf
icbuGDdhk jsv, zKhf mb idk W iK zfdhjfv jsv pf zfnst LmG hf ncfr
bf rstW kf LsmGv znDtf hf mfLAm; spmb, mflafnf dbmGfB, h-icj Yfif
kAfdl, kfrst kfv ubA nWqfhW vsqsY.
nckvfQ Lvsbv jmG hf ncfr mfbcN dbsuv kvI sKsj dhvyb jsv bf; hvQ
kfv nQfv hf ShL qb nfLb jsv pf m jfu. zfv kf dhlzfk bq.

dhlzfk liGB

dhlzfkD ians mhA

27

dhlzfkD hf mchkfsl' (sp dhlzfk hf Dsb sjfb mfbA W iftbDq vDdk vybf
jsv kf mfsb W iftb jsv, kfv iadk mfbcNsj zfrhfb W zfjNGB jsv hQ
kfv iv niaDdk W Shdvkf osV sn) IfsnjW rsk ifsv zfhfv jfsIvW.
spmb jKf dhlzfskv iajfv-sHsl dk jvf rsqsY. dj kfv iCshG Jfsb
jde nkjGkfv dhNq sp, dbdlGHfsh sjfb mcndtmsj yeX jsv syfJ h
jsv Ifsnj, dhlzfkD, jfsIv kAfdl hst zfJAfqb jvf dyk bq. jfvB,
dhNsq wvDqsk jsEfvHfsh dbsNLff W nkjGkf hBGbf jvf rsqsY. spmb, diaq
bhD hstb, sp (mcndtm) hAd dbsuv (mcndtm) Hfsj hst, ` jfsIv.'
zKy sn iajxkis[ jfsIv bq, ksh sn jKf kfv dbsuv iv hkGfq.
(zKGf{, sn dbsusj jfsIv jsv.) (mcndtm)
v ubA wfqJct ntfm hsb kfdmqAfr (v}) hstb, sjfb mcndtmsj
jfsIv htfv zdLjfv jfsvf sb; pdlW sn Hct-fd jsv Kfsj. pk[B ipG
bf kfv iv k jfsqm (ltDtfdl fvf jcIvD iamfB) jvf rsqsY hQ i
nciK W mk kfv ubA hA jvf rsqsY. pfv `ntfm' dbyqkfv ndrk
iamfdBk rsqsY kfv `ntfm' sjht jfsvf nslr dbvnsbv iv zinxk rsk
ifsv. (IfkfWqf hsb kfdmqAfr 12/466)
dj sp hAd nvt iK hQ nkA Db rsk hdrHCGk rsh, sn wvDqk idviD
h jsmG zfdt rsh, kfv zhf rsh dH. spvi zShL jsmG sn dt rsh dEj
zbcvi mhA kfv iv jvf rsh; i jcIvD zKhf mcbfdIjD. dhNsq dkdb
zfsvf hstb, sp hAd srlfqfk W Dsb rj sKsj zinxk rq, sp zfshl,
zfstm, IjDr, pfsrl, lfwGdbj zKhf dydj{nj sn nkA rsk hfdrv rsq pfq,
sp nskAv ndrk vnCt siadvk rsqsYb, zffr k]fv vnCt iamcJf{ sp nh
dhNsqv nQhfl ialfb jsvsYb kfv nhefsj sp dhhfn W Djfv jsv bf, zffr
W klDq vnCt pf rfvfm jsvsYb kf rfvfm hst mfsb bf; spmb, sp dhhfn vfsJ
sp, kfv iDv kfsj vuD lfb jsv, nfrfpA jsv, dhisl v[f jsv, zKhf sn kfv
iDv hf vv hflk (dnulf, LAfb, bpv kAfdl) jsv zKhf kfsj zffrv

28

dhlzfk liGB

bhD -v iv nmAj iafLfbA lfb jsv zKhf nfmfbA sjfb dhNsq k]fv iv
swak lfb jsv zKhf msb jsv sp, sn hQ kfv iDv vnCstv zfbcoskAv
mcJfsi[D bq (kfslv ubA wvDqskv zbcnvB uvvD bq), ksh Lvsbv njt
stfj jfsIv -pdl kfslv dhhfn W jmG iajfw jsv kfrst. bsy{ sofib
jvst kfvf mcbfsIj.
zk}iv wfJct ntfm swaBDv mfbcsNv zfdLjA rWqfv jfvB ldwGsq
hstb, tXm W mfsbv iadk zfrhfbjfvD zfstsmv nQJAf boBA rWqfv Ist
Wslv nQJAf zdLj shsV sosY. YfVf zbA iajfv dhlzfkD pfslv iv sjfb
mhA jvfv iCshG Jch dhyfv-dhshybf W lxP dbyqkfv iasqfub zfsY. jfvB
jcIXv zfjDlfq (dhhfsn) rq hQ zfmstW. zfv Hsqv ubA wvDqsk dH
dH zdHmk hA jvf rsqsY.
zfhfv sp `jKf' djkfh-ncfr W umf' (nhGnmdk)sk jcIXv kfv ubA
nfLfvBHfsh htf pfq sp, sp hAd `jKf' htsh sn jfsIv rsq pfsh; spmb
wvqD ltDst kfv nf[A hrb jsv. (dj dbdlGHfsh sjfb hAd dhswNsj kf
htf pfsh bf.) mfb zffr W klDq vnCstv dbje rsk iaf W t h.
zkh kf jfv zfsY hQ jfv sb, sn mhA sj jfsvf sJfqt-JcwD hf LfvBf
W zbcmfb dlsq jvsk ifsv bf.
kf dbdlG sjfb hAd ians htf pfsh bf sp, zmcj hAd `jKf' hst kf
sn jfsIv. jfvB jfsj jfsIv nfhA jvfv ubA jsqjde wkG iCvB rsk
rsh; spmb, hAd `jKf' htf zShL hf jcIvD kf ufbsh, kf nfsb htsh,
`jKf' zShL rWqfv dhNsq kfv dbje ltDt siwjxk rsh. sn kf msbv
Hcst htsh bf, jKf zShL rWqfv hAfifsv kfv msb sjfb nQwq Kfjsh bf
kAfdl. (IfkfWqf hsb kfdmqAfr 3/354)
ipGc wkGfhtD pdl hAdv mfsU ifWqf pfq, ksh kfsj jfsIv htf
pfsh, kfv iCshG bq. nckvfQ pdl sj hst sp, nCl hf ml rftft, ksh sn jfsIv
rsh. dj sjfb dbdlG hAdv s[s kf htf pfsh bf. jfvB, mbW rsk ifsv
sp, hAd jfsvf dbje rsk sjfb dlb wcsbdb sp, kf rfvfm. zKhf wcsbsY;
dj mdj-dhjxdkv Ist sn htsY. zKhf sn msb jsv, kf rfvfm rWqfv
hAfifsv sjfb w ltDt sb. zKhf sn nh djYc ufbk, dj znfhLfbkfq hf

dhlzfk liGB

29

msbv Hcst kf rftft hst sIstsY zKhf dhNsq kfv sjfb nslr W nQwq
zfsY kf rftft msb jsvsY; spmb zsbsj hAfQsjv nClsj rftft msb jsv.
jfvB nCl jcvzfsb dbdN ufsrdtqfskv nCl hse djbf, sn dhNsq kfv nslr
zfsY, zKhf Hfsh sp, sjht sn nCl rfvfm pfsk ovDh swfNB jvf rq; dj sp
nCl nvjfsvv dbje rsk sbWqf rq pfsk sjfb swfNB rq bf (?) kf zShL bq
zKhf nslr jsv sp, ef hV hAhnfq zQwoarB jsv kfv tHAfQw isHfo
jvf zKhf lfvt jcIXsv nCl rftft kAfdl. dtv jde ifWqf sost
hAdsj jfsIv htf pfsh bf; pk[B ipG bf kfv nh zpKf W zspZdj
nslr dbvnb rsqsY hQ kf rfvfm rWqfv hAfifsv zjfeA ltDt kfv nfmsb
siw jvf rsqsY.
zkh pdl sj zufs nCl Jfq, ksh zffr kfsj [mf jvshb, rfvfm
ufbf nsW pdl zhsrtf jsv Jfq ksh sn mrfifiD (Ifsnj), sjfb nslsrv
jfvsB pdl kf rftft msb jsv, ksh snW mrfifiD hQ sp hAd db}nslsr
rfvfm susbW rftft sHsh Jfq, ksh sn nh djYc ufbfv iv spsrkc zffrv
rfvfmjxk hsj zDjfv jsv rftft msb jsv, kf sn jfsIv rsq pfq.
klbcvi jhv iCuf (jhvsj dnulf jvf, kWqfI jvf, snJfsb mfbk mfbf,
bpv mfbf, bpv-dbqfp siw jvf kAfdl) dwjG W jcIXv. dj zmcj dm]qfgjhv
iCsu, kf sn jfsIv -kf yeX jsv htsk ifdv bf. jfvB, rq skf sn ufsb bf
sp, sjfb jhsvv (mxk mfbcsNv) dbje ncJ-nmxd, nfb hf vuD yfst, hf
dnulf jvst dwjG hf jcIXv rq zKhf kf ufsb, dj dhNsq kfv jfsY sjfb
nslr zfsY. pdl nh djYc kfv dbje rsk lCv jsv slWqf rq hQ kf nsW
sn rj W bAfsqv iadk iakAfhkGb bf jsv, ksh kfsj jfsIv hf mcwdvj htf
rsh, kfv iCshG bq.
smfe jKf, sp dhlzfkD nhdjYc susb-wcsb, db}nslsr sjfb mb jfu jsv
(spmb, sjfb nhGhfdlknmk Wqfsuh hf rfvfm zDjfv jvf, hf sjfb
nhGnmk rfvfmsj rftft hf kfv dhivDk msb jvf zKhf zffr, k]fv vnCt W
jcvzfb dhNsq mb LfvBf vfJf, pf wvDqk Jb jsv kAfdl) pfsk jfsIv
rsk rq, ksh sn jfsIv.
zfv pdl mb jfu jsv pfsk sj jfsIv rsq pfq bf; hvQ ifiD rq (spmb

30

dhlzfk liGB

nmsv dpjXv jvf, djqfm jvf, bfmfspv iv ufmfzfkD lczf jvf iaHxdk)
kfrst sn wvqD zfsb zhfLA rWqfv Ist sjht ifiD rsh; jfsIv rsh bf.
slv ubA srlfqfk iafdv lczf jvf rsh.
mfbcN mfs Hct jsv Kfsj. pf]v nclv zfyvB mb mc jsv, pf]v ytfv iK W
iaBftD zfrst ncfrv, dpdb wvqD pKfKG fsbv zdLjfvD, pf]v tXsmv nfsK
bAfqivfqBkf W nkAdbkf iadn, dpdb zkf, sJqft-JcwD W iahxdv zbcnvB
rsk h lCsv, pf]v jKf W mskv ltDt jcvzfb W ncfr kf]v sjfb sjfb dhNsq
lc-jde uskrflD Hct LkGhA bq. sn de kf]sj kf]v mpGflf rsk ycAk jsv bf
hQ kf]v sjfb mfbrfdbW Oefq bf. dkdb pdl uDdhk Kfsjb ksh kf]v sn
dev iv dwkf, Hlakf W wafv ndrk kf]sj zhdrk W nkjG jvf dyk.
zfsifsnv nrl ShEsj, wafiCBG stJb hf lCvftfsiv mfLAsm n{ W mst
ifvidvj nrfqkf jvf Wqfsuh. spsrkc Db kfv zbcnfvDslv ifvidvj
drskfislw W drSkdNkfv mfLAsm iCBG rq. kf iaskAj zdH zfstsmv
dyk, k]fv mfb W mpGflf sJqft svsJ, ltDstv ndrk, sjfb iajfv vPkf hf
zfkohG iajfw bf jsv, iaf, pcd W nlcislswv nfsK Hct Ldvsq slhfv syf
jvf. spmb kf]vW dyk, sn Hct Djfv jsv ndEj W nkA oarB jvsk sjfb
tf, dLf W nQsjfy bf jvf. vsi jA, snZrflG, niaDdk W zffrv ubA
fkxk hufq Kfjsh hQ njt mcndtm Hf Hf rsq Esh - b wfzffr.
djc de jsv pdl zfstm rstfj kAfo jsv Kfsjb, ksh kf]v ubA [mf
iafKGbfv lczf jvsk rsh. jfvB, zfdmqfoB hAkDk zbA sj dbifi, dbjtcN
W demc bq. ksh kf]v sn Hct nisjG nfLfvB mfbcNsj nkjG W nfhLfb
zhwA jvsk rsh; pfsk sj kf]v sn Hcstv zbcnvB bf jsv hsn. ksh
Hct W de hBGbfq spb dhok zfstsmv iadk sjfb znmDyDb mhA zKhf
kcY LfvBf W mfbrfdbv Yf bf Kfsj.
iaskAj zfstsmv dyk, zfrst ncfv zfjDlfr W dhwfnsj dyvDh vfJf,
zisvv udkrflD (sJqft-JcwD hf iahxdv hwhkDG bq, dhsN hf NGfudbk bq
mb) jKf, vfq hf mhAsj nmDr W wafv lxdsk slJf hQ Lvsbv hfsj
syfJ hcsu jfsIv, dhlzfkD kAfdl bf htf. hvQ mfduGk zfsifn nmsUfkfq
zffrv Dbsj j rsq LfvB jvf njstv mrfb jkGhA.

dhlzfk liGB

mrfb zffr hstb,

31

dhlzfkDv nQnoG

4 x B]tn (#s 4Lxm ]t r's $uFt#u ts t%!$# |Mr&u #s)u

t>9$# s)9$# yt 3u2j9$#
y t/ )s? s s9$# y7u $)u

zKGf{, (sr bhD) kcdm pJb slJ sp, kfvf zfmfv dblwGb ns dbvKGj
zfstfybfq mo rq, kJb kcdm lCsv nsv iVsh; sp ipG bf kfvf zbA ians
zfstfybfq iahxd rq hQ wqkfb pdl skfmfsj sm sIst, kfrst nvB
rWqfv isv zkAfyfvD nialfsqv nfsK hnsh bf. (nCvf zfbzfm 68 zfqfk)
dkdb zbA hstb,
s $p5 &uyJu $p5 x3 !$# Mt#u x #s) r& =tG39$# 6n=t tt s%u
B tn (#s 4Lxm yt (#)s?
%y` !$# ) 3 =Vi #]) /3) 4 x ]
$sd tyy_ ts39$#u t)u9$#

zKGf{, zfv dkdb djkfsh skfmfslv iadk zhkDBG jsvsYb sp pJb skfmvf
wcbsh zffrv sjfb zfqfk iakAfJAfk rsY hQ kf dbsq dhlai jvf rsY,
kJb sp ipG kfvf zbA ians dt bf rq skfmvf kfslv ndrk hsnf bf,
bsy{ skfmvfW kfslv mk rsq pfsh. jie W zdhhfnDslv njtsj zffr
ufrffsm jdk jvshb. (nCvf dbnf 140 zfqfk)
iahxdv zbcnfvD hQ dhlzfkDslv ndrk Ef-hnf jvsk kfshbslv h
tfmf nfhLfb W dbsNL jsvsYb hQ kf zfwfq sp, rqskf hf
dhlzfkD kfv nDv isvW dhlzfskv iaHfh dhfv jsv sItsh. spsrkc
zffrv vnCt n{ W nfLc nfKD dbhfGyb jvsk hQ zn{ W ml nD rsk
lCsv Kfjsk c jsvsYb. dkdb lc nDv imf hBGbf jsv hstb, n{
nD ncod hAhnfqDv bAfq; pfv dbje rsk nco q jvf pfq zKhf sn ifswG
ishwbjfvDsj nco (zfkv) irfv dlsq Kfsj zKhf kfv dbje rsk
(mdb) nclv nchfn ifWqf pfq. zfv zn{ nfKD rfisv Ic{jfvjfvD

32

dhlzfk liGB

(jfmfsvv) mk. pfv ifswG hnst zfsvv dYefq jfiV icsV pfq zKhf kfv
dbje rsk dhje lcoG (hQ lmhjfvD L]cqf) bfsj tfso. (hcJfvD, mcndtm)
zbcviHfsh dhlzfkDv nfrypG oarB jvst rqskf hf sn kfv dhlzfksj
nclvvsi ncswfdHk jsv Db hst rlsq so]sK sItsh zKhf kfv wvDqk
idviD jKf wcsb hf jfu slsJ dy l W hAdLoa rsh.
pfv ubA mfm rfnfb hfnvD (v}) hstb, sjfb sJqft-JcwDv zbcnfvD hAd
(dhlzfkDv) dbje hsnf bf, jfvB, sn mb djYc skfmfv zsv Hsv slsh pfv
zbcnvB jsv kcdm LQn rsq pfsh zKhf kcdm kfv iadkhfl W dhsvfdLkf jvsh
pfsk skfmfv rlq hAfdLoa rsh.
zfhc djtfhfr hstb, iahxdv zbcnvBjfvD (dhlzfkD)slv nfsK hsnf bf hQ
kfslv ns sjfb dhNsq UoVf hf dhkjG jsvf bf, jfvB zfmfv zfwf rq sp,
kfvf skfmfslvsj kfslv kfq Fcdhsq sItsh hQ pf skfmvf ufbsk kfsk
dhm W nQwq nxd jvsh.
dkdb zfsvf hstb, sJqft-JcwDv zbcokvf f W hQ slfpJ kfslv
iakAfhkGbt hst msb jdv. sjfb hAd dhlzfk vybf jvst sn kvhfdv
rftft jsv sbq.
zfqch nfJdkqfbD hstb, dhlzfkD pk shwD udkrfl jvsh, kk shwD
zffr sKsj lCv rsk Kfjsh.' hQ dkdb dhlzfkDslvsj JfWqfsvu htskb.
('dknfm 1/83)

qfrqAf dhb jfNDv hstb, pdl dhlzfkDsj sjfb vffq slJ, kfrst kcdm
dH vff Lsv ystf, (hQ kfv ndrk nf[f{W jsvf bf.)
sk hcUf pfq sp, zbAfsqv ndrk sjfb zfsifn sb. `ifisj OxBf jv
ifiDsj bq' hst kfslv ndrk sjfb hck sb. `sp pf jvsY jvj, bfsm
mcndtm rst rsh' hst kfv jcIXv W dhlzfskv iadk s[i bf jsv
zbhLfbkfq jA nxd jvfv jKf pcdpc bq. ksh iCshGf ddtv zKG
bq sp, kfslv dbje hsn kfslvsj nskAv dlsj zfrhfbW jvf rsh bf hf
ndEj iKdbslGw jsv kfslv Hct nQswfLb jvf rsh bf zKhf kfslv dhfd W
nslr dbvnb jvfv sswA sjfb Eff dhkjG jvf rsh bf. hvQ kfslv ndrk
iaf, pcd, ltDt W nlcislswv nfsK zfstfybf jvsk rsh hQ kfslvsj

dhlzfk liGB

33

nkA isKv nfb dlsq f iK rsk dIdvsq zfbfv syf jvsk rsh. jfvB kf
Hfstf jfsuv zfslw W ml jfsu hfLf lfb jvfv zHcG; pf lfWqfdk
jfsuv dhdH smZtbDdk W dHdv zbAkm. pfv zfslw zffr kf]v djkfsh
sOfNBf jsvsYb; dkdb hstb,
y7s9'&u 4 s39$# t tytu pRQ$$/ t'tu s:$# n<) tt & 3i 3tF9u
s=9$#

zKGf{, skfmfslv msLA mb jde lt Kfjf dyk, pfvf (stfjsj) jtAfsBv

dlsj zfrhfb jvsh hQ n{jfsuv dbslGw dlsh W ml jfspG hfLf lfb jvsh.
zfv vf rsh nItjfm. (nCvf zfst-mvfb104 zfqfk)
nfLfvBHfsh nmoa mcndtm ufdkv sswA diaq bhD hstb, skfmfslv
msLA sj sjfb zn{ jfu slJst kf r fvf zinfdvk jvsh, pdl kfsk
n[m bf rq, ksh vnbf fvf, kfskW pdl n[m bf rq, ksh kfv zv fvf
(OxBf jvsh) hQ ef nhsysq lchGtkm mfb (v idvyfqj). (mcndtm 49bQ,
zfrmfl, zfnrfsh ncbfb)

nckvfQ dhlzfkDslv dhlzfsk iadkhfl jvf, kfslv ndrk iaksjG kfslvsj

ivf jvf hQ kfslvsj n{isKv dbslGwbf slWqf pfslv [mkfq zfsY kfvf
zhwA kfslv mudtsn hsn sn swA nfLb jvsh. dj pfslv sn [mkf
sb, dlsk dosq rfdvsq pfWqfv pfslv Hq zfsY hQ kfslv dhfdmCtj W
ncswfdHk jKfq iaHfhfdhk rWqfv pfslv zfwf zfsY, kfvf spb kfslv
ShEsj bf hsn.

dhlzfkDv iadk ntsIv HCdmjf

ntsI nfstrDboB dhlzfk W dhlzfkDslv iadk zdk jsEfv dYstb.

dhlzfksj iadkrk hQ dhlzfkDv iadkhfl jvsk kf]vf jJsbf dLf jvskb
bf. zfcfr hstb, `j nialfq zfnsh pfvf ncfrnmCrsj iakAfJAfb
jvsh, zkh pdl skfmvf kfslvsj si[f jv (sjfb hfLf bf lfW), ksh
kfvf mrfne idk jvsh.'
mfv dhb Jffh hstb, `vfq-Wqftfslv sKsj lCsv sKsjf. jfvB kfvf

34

dhlzfk liGB

ncfrv lcwmb. rflDn mcJ jvsk zifvo rsq dbsuslv vfq (fb) fvf jKf
hst (DbD dhLfb slq). Ist kfvf dbsuvf rq hQ zivsjW jsv.'
qfrqAf dhb qf'mcv zfcfr dhb mfv -sj htstb, `zfmfslv dlsj
djYc stfj shv rsqsY, pfvf jcvzfb (shwD shwD) ifE jsv hQ tXm zbcnfb
jsv shVfq.' zk}iv kfslv zfsvf zbAfbA zhf hBGbf jsv htstb, `kfvf
LfvBf jsv sp, kjlDv hst djYc sb hQ nm dhNq nlA Ck, (zKGf{
zffr kfzftfv iCshG djYcv kjlDv (HfoA) dbLGfdvk jsvbdb hQ djYc Oefv
iCshG dkdb kfv zhf nisjG zhdrk bb.) jKf wcsb hsb mv kf]sj
htstb, `Wslv ndrk skfmfv nf[f{ rst Wslvsj Jhv lfW sp, Wslv ndrk
zfmfv sjfb nijG sb hQ zfmfv ndrk Wslv sjfb nijG sb. zfcfr
dhb mfv p]fv rtI jsvb, kf]v wiK! pdl Wslv jfsvf l (ihGk)
nmidvmfB snfbf Kfsj hQ kf lfb jsv ksh zffr kk[B ipG kf jhct
jvshb bf; pk[B ipG bf sn kjlDsvv iv mfb sbsY. ' (mcndtm)
jfkflfr hstb, `sj pJb sjfb dhlzfk vybf jsv, kJb (zfrst ncfrv)
dyk, kf njstv nmcsJ sJ jvf pfsk njst kf rsk hf]ysk ifsv.
ntsI nfstrDboB Hfsh dhlzfskv Jb, iadkhfl W iadkjfv jsvsYb.
kf]vf sjht dhlzfkDslv mk W isKv Jb jsv hQ kfslv hfdkt W
dhfd hBGbf jsv kfslv mcjfdhtf jsvbdb; hvQ njt mfbcNsj kfslv
mudtsn hnsk nkjG jsvsYb, kfslv ndrk jKf htsk nfhLfb jsvsYb.
kfslv iadk dnk mcJ rsk, kfslvsj nftfm jvsk hQ kfslv nftfsmv v
dlskW hfLf dlsqsYb. hvQ zsbsj kfslv ndrk js j idvshsw hfn
jvskW ziYl W dwqfv jsvsYb.
spmb zfhct ufWpf hstb, `sjfb iahxd-iCufvD (dhlzfkD) zfmfv iadkshwD
rWqf zsi[f wCjv W hfbv lt iadkshwD rWqf zfmfv dbje zdLj iYlbDq.'
jkj ntI mb oafm hf wrv hnhfn jvf idvkAfo jsvsYb spJfsb
dhlzfk ianfv W lxPkf tfH jsvsY hQ iadkshwD mb oafm hf wrsv hfn
jsvsYb pf iChGfsi[f zdLj ncfrv zbcnfvD. spmb, vfm dhb zfcfr,
rfbpftfr hQ zflD dhb rfskm iaHxdk ntIoB (dhlzfskv wrv) jcIf kAfo
jsv jcjGDdnqfq dosq hnhfn jsvsYb hQ hstsYb, `zfmvf mb wrsv hnhfn

dhlzfk liGB

35

jvh bf, sp wrsv Nmfb -sj ofdt slWqf rq. '

rfnfb hstb, `Yfv iCufvDslv dbje hsnf bf, kfslv ndrk sjfb kjG jsvf
bf hQ kfslv dbje rsk djYc wahBW jsvf bf.'
mf'mfv hstb, hsb kfn hsn dYstb. dkmsLA mc'kfdptfv jde stfj
kf]v dbje sn zsbj djYc htsk tfot. kf slsJ hsb kfn zfct fvf
lc jfb h jsv dbstb hQ kf]v sYstsjW htstb, `shef! jfsb w jsv
zfct svsJ bfW. Wv sjfb jKf wcsbf bf.'
Icpft dhb qfp hstb, `jfsvf dbjse sjfb hAd (tXm ktshv hAfifsv)
ivfmwG dbsk st sn pdl sjfb dhlzfkD (zfstsmv) dEjfbf hst slq ksh
dbyq sn ntfmsj sLfjf slq. dhlzfkDslv dbje pfkfqfk jvf rsk nfhLfb
rW. jfvB, kfvf rj sKsj mcJ dIdvsq sbq.'
nkAis[ sp hAd sjfb dhlzfkDsj kfv iKialwGj, mcvdwl hf Wfl smsb
sbq, kfv nhGbfw zhwAHfhD. jfvB,

`jfj pdl jfsvf isKv rq vfrhfv

ytfsh sn isK sp isK HfofV.'

dkdb zfsvf hstb, `sp hAd sjfb dhlzfkDv kf'pDm W nmfb jvt, sn
spb ntfmsj LQn jvfv iv nfrfpA jvt, sp hAd sjfb dhlzfkDv
nf[fsk rfnt, sn spb mcrfmfl -v zhkDBG wvDqksj vkrDb msb
jvt, sp hAd kfv snr-ictD (jbAfv hb) dhhfr sjfb dhlzfkDv nfsK (hf
Osv) dlt, sn spb kfv zfkDqkfv (dikf-jbAfv) hb sYlb jvt hQ sp
hAd sjfb dhlzfkDv ufbfpfq zQw oarB jvt, sn zffrv opsh Kfsj;
pk[B bf sn dIsv zfsn. (wfvnncfr)
hafdrm dhb mfnfvfr hstb, `sp hAd sjfb dhlzfkDsj kf'pDm hf waf
jsv sn zhwA ntfm LQsn nrfqkf jsv.'
zffr kfzftf hstb,
4 _ un@u _ u;s? tt

zKGf{, sndlb jkjstf mcJmt nflf (t) rsh hQ jkjstf

mcJmt rsh jfstf. (nCvf zfst mvfb 106 zfqfk)

36

dhlzfk liGB

hsb zffn zfqfskv hAfJAfq hstb, `sndlb p]fslv mcJmt t

rsh kf]vf zfrst ncfr zt-ufmfzfr (rflDn W nfrfhfv zbcnfvDlt) hQ
tfmf. zfv pfslv mcJmt jfstf rsh kfvf rt, dhlzfkD W sv lt.
(kInDv hsb jfNDv)

ncIqfb NWvD (v}) hstb, `htDsnv dbje ifsiv sysq dhlzfk

zdLjkv iYlbDq. jfvB, ifi rsk kWhfv zfwf Kfsj, dj dhlzfk rsk
kWhfv sjfb nHfhbf Kfsj bf. (zKGf{, kWhfv kWIDj tfH rq bf.
jfvB, dhlzfkD kfv dhlzfksj Db msb jsv Kfsj.)
hsb zfhD zfsnm iaHxdk hBGbf jsvb sp, bhD hstsYb, wqkfb hst
zfdm mfbcNsj dhdH ifi fvf nhGbfwoa jsvdY; dj Wvf zfmfsj `tf tfrf
ffr' W doIfv fvf LQn jsvsY. zk}iv pJb zfdm kf t[A jvtfm,
kJb Wslv msLA jciahxd iad[ jvtfm. nckvfQ Wvf ifi jvsh; dj zfv
doIfv jvsh bf. jfvB, kfvf LfvBf jvsh sp, kfvf Hfstf jfu jvsY.
mfm hbct jfsqm (v}) hstb, nfLfvB ifiDv [dk kfv dbsuv iv
hkGfq, dj dhlzfkDslv [dk W zdb swaBD (h mfbcsNv) iv hAfij rq.
dhlzfkDv dI{bf rq mCt Dsb zKy nfLfvB ifiDv dI{bf kfv iahxdsk rq.
dhlzfkD nru W nvt isKv iv hsn mfbcNsj sn isK ytf rsk dhvk jsv,
dj ifiD snvi jsv bf. dhlzfkD zffrv Boafm W k]fv idviCBGkfq zfOfk
rfsb, zKy ifiD kf jsv bf. dhlzfkD vnCt jkxGj zfbDk wvDqskv
idviD rq, dj ifiD kf rq bf. dhlzfkD mfbcNsj zfsJvfskv ndEj iK
rsk dhycAk jsv, dj ifiD dbsu nDq ifsiv jfvsB mxlcofmD rq. (zftufWqfhct jf-ID)

nckvfQ dhlzfkDvf sjht sofbfrv ubA sofbfrofv rq bf hvQ kfvW zdLj

djYc rq (spmb iCshG zfstfdyk rsqsY.) jfvB, sofbfrofv pJb sofbfr jsv,
kJb kfsk zisvv ubA wvDqk-dhLfqDv iadkdkf jsv sjfb zflwG hf
dyviftbDq vDdkv vi lfb jsv bf; spmb dhlzfkD jsv Kfsj. zkh kfv
lcjxdk nfLfvB lcjxdkv sysq h sB hV. zffr ifj hstb,
y=2 s9u 4 !$# / .s't s9 e$!$#$t zi s9 (#u (#2u s9 r&
9r& >#xt s9 =9$# )u 3 ut/ z)s9 x9$#

dhlzfk liGB

37

zKGf{, Wslv dj mb jkjdt zQwDlfv zfsY pfvf Wslv ubA dhLfb

dlsqsY mb LsmGv, pfv zbcmdk zffr tQObjfvDslv ubA mmGl wfd
vsqsY. (nCvf wCvf 21 zfqfk)
zfhc kfsth hstb, `zfdm zfcfrsj sn hAd nisjG dufnf jvtfm, sp
(jcvzfb ns) djYc mhA jvsk dhvk Kfsj hQ hst `htdY bf sp, jcvzfb
mJtcj (nxd) bq.' mb hAdv nfsK pdl vffq zfmfv nf[f{ rq hQ sn
zfmfsj nftfm slq, ksh zfdm kfv v slh dj?' dkdb htstb, `kfv
nftfsmv v dlW bf hQ kfv ndrk jKfW hstf bf. kcdm kfsj nftfm dlst
(hf nftfsmv v dlst) stfj kfsj dybsh dj jsv? zfv sn hf ufbsh dj
jsv sp, kcdm kfsj ml ufbY? zkh pdl kcdm kfsj nftfm bf lfW kfrst
zimfb i rq, ufbf pfq, kcdm kfsj ml susbY hQ stfsjW kfsj
(dhlzfkD hst) dybsk ifsv.'
dhswN jsv sp dhlzfsk jcIXv rq sn dhlzfskv dhlzfkDslv ndrk ntI
W kfv tfmfslv ils[i W HCdmjf dYt hQ hkGmfsbW kf rWqf
lvjfv. spsrkc dhlzfk vybf jsv dhlzfkDvf iajxk ntfm rsk dhdY rsq
sosY. sn dhlzfk kAfo bf jvf ipG kfslv ndrk sjfb iajfv zfsifn
nHh bq. udkrflD zfrjfm hf soZB dhNsq mkfvsj lCsv sIst zfjDlfr
W smZdtj dhNsq jmk rsq jkf nHh. (zhwA ntfsmv njt bDdk
smZdtj, kfsk soZB djYc sb.) rfbfID-wfsIqD, mfstjD-rftD iaHxdk
udkrflD ixKj ixKj mprfshv mfsU jA nHh; pdl njst nrDr ncfrv
zbcnfvD rq. dbdlG sjfb mprfshv (nrDr ncfrv dhivDk) kjtDl jvf
Wqfsuh fb pdl kAfo jvf rq hQ sjht zfbcokA W zbcnvB kf]v jvf rq,
pf]v nm nfrfhf, kfshb hQ njt mfmoB jsvsYb. zfv nfmfbA
udkrflD dhNsqv mkifKGjAsj j Wuv W zucrfk hst mfbf pfq. pfsk
njstv dbje rsk iviv ndrckfv ndrk niaDdk W zfsifn nxd jvsk
nfrfpA ifWqf pfq; zfv snef Wqfsuh.
dj pfv mkfv smZdtj dhNsq sjlaDHCk kfv ndrk bAfsqv zfsifn nHh
bq. spsrkc mksHl nfmfbA bq. ifKGjA rj W hfdkstv, mfb W
jcIXsvv, zfv mfb W jcIXsvv mfsU zfsifn zfslZ nHh bq. pfvf rpvk

38

dhlzfk liGB

zfhc hfjXv, mfv, Nmfb, zfsqwf iaHxdk nfrfhf -sj ofdt slq W jfsIv
hst, pfvf hst, jcvzfb sn jcvzfb bq, pfvf zffr YfVf zsbAv nfmsb
dnulfhbk rq, pfvf jhsvv dbje dbsuslv iasqfub dH[f jsv, pfvf jfhDvfr
sofbfrofvsj jfsIv msb jsv, pfvf kjlDvsj zdhhfn jsv, pfvf zffrv
dhdH dnIfksj zDjfv jsv, pfvf mfsvIkDv lfhD jsv mvdmqf snsu wvDqk
kAfo jsv, pfvf ofqhD Jhv ufbfv lfhD jsv, pfvf hfdtqf rsq Jfbjfv msLA
ntfmsj nDmfh jsv kAfdl. mb mprfhLfvDvf dbsuslv mprfsh sKsj
nftfIDslv ndrk (hfdrAj) zfsifn jvsk yfst zKhf sj nfdtn jvsk
yfst kf nclCv ivfrk hQ j i. zfdvj W hfdrAj jA iadkdk jvsk
rst kfslvsj dbsuslv ncfr idviD nfdtn hf zfsifsn vfdu rst kfsj
nftfdIqfk hf ncdqfk kAfo jvsk rsh. jfvB, ntI W zfrst ncfrv
zfjDlfr, sbfQvfsj sbfQvf W mlsj ml ufbf hQ kfv jkGfv iadk dhsN
sifNB jvf zfv Jf]de kWrDlhflD rj-iDslv nfsK zv niaDdk oVf
hQ kf Wqfsuh. nckvfQ sjfb nftfID nfdtn hf zfsifsn nmk rst hQ
ufkDq lst wfdmt rst Wsk hfdkt Kfjf nsW Wv iadk zv niaDdk
vfJsh hQ kf YfVf dhsvfLD zbAfbA nhdjYcv iadk (ncfr rstW) dhsN sifNB
jvsh hQ Hfhsh ef ndEj W hfjD shdEj. zsbj s[s zbAfqsj zbAfq
ufbf nsW sjfb fsKG kfv iadkhfl jvsk bDvh rsh. Ist mfb W jcIXv
kfv dbje jfjfv rsq nftfdIqfk hf ncdqfk ycvmfv rsq pfsh. spsrkc
zbAfsqv nfsK zfsifn jsv nftfdIqfk Kfsj bf. jfvB, rj j W zdkDq.
spmb zffr kfzftf hstb,
( n=9$# ) d,ys9$# yt/ #s$ys

zKGf{, rj W nkA kAfo jvfv iv dhfd YfVf zfv dj? (nCvf bcn 32 zfqfk)
zfv sn rsjv iK nvt. hfdj Ffsb hfsm nh hf]jf iK. pfsk fd W kf
YfVf djYc sb. spmb nvt svJfv zfqfk W rflDsn iCshG zfstfybf jvf rsqsY.
zkh htf hftA sp, jub nftfID hf zfrst ncfr sjfb dhlzfkDv
lst jfjfv rsk ifsv bf. (zhwA jCebDdkv s[s dH jKf) zfrst ncfr W
nftfID jkfv Ffj slq, ntfmD vf vybf jvsk yfq hQ jA W dmtbsj

dhlzfk liGB

39

WqfsuhW msb jsv. ksh bAfq W kfWrDslv iv djkfh W ncfrv iv hQ

ufmfzfk W nfrfhfosBv nmsUv iv. djkfh W ncfrv Ffsj ufmfzfk W
nfrfhfosBv nmsUv zfWqfu dH zbA sjfb sjAv iadk nftfIDvf zfrhfb
jsv bf hQ dmKAf zfrhfsb nfVfW slq bf. spsrkc jkf sjht djkfh W
ncfrv (wc W ndEj fsbv) ifeIsmG nHh. dwjG W dhlzfskv `uofdJycdV'
mqlfsb nHh bq. sj pdl ntI hf zfrst ncfrv vDdk-bDdk zhtb jsv
hQ dwjG W dhlzfk huGb jsv jkf iadkfv ubA hfdktsj Djxdk dlsq
sjfb nftfID zfib (jcvzfb W nrDr ncfr kKf nfrfhfv) bDdk W dhhfsnv
jde rvIW YfVsk dhlcmf vfuD bq.
i[fsv Lvsbv zfsifn W sjAv mfbcNslvsj jAh slJstW kfslv
zfsifsNv zfdvj W mfbdnj dmt Kfsj bf. Ist mdvyDjfsj lCv rsk ifdb
msb rstW dbjse hf hfsh kf bq. sp zfdtjf jf]yf-ifjf-Hcqf iaHxdk j
fvf dbdmGk, kf sp dkdsk ifsv bf zKhf zlCsv nlA}ifkD rq, kf njt
idkv fb zhwA zfsY.

zfrst ncfr W nftfID dj?

fkhA dhNq sp, nftfID hf zfrst ncfr sjfb mprfh hf lstv bfm bq. hvQ
kf j bDdk W idkv bfm; pfv dHd zffrv vnCt fib jsvsYb hQ
kf]v iv kf]v nfrfhfhxl pfv zbcnvB jsvsYb; zfv kf]vf ntI hQ
ivhkGDsk pf]vf kf]slv zbcomb jsvb W zfnt bDdkv zbcnvB jsvb
kf]vfW ntI. zffr ifj hstb,
]t !$# z 9|m*/ t7?$# t%!$#u $|F{$#u tfy9$# z t9F{$# )69$#u
y9$# x9$# y79s 4 #Yt/r& !$p t$#yz yF{$# $ytFtrB f
s? ;My_ m; tr&u t (#uu

zKGf{, mcrfduv W zfbnfvslv msLA pfvf iafKdmj zoafbcnfvD hQ (j

dhhfn, j jKf W j zfmt kAfdl) nlbcfsbv nfsK kfslv zbcomb jsv
zffr kfslv iadk ian hQ kfvfW kfsk (zffrsk) n hQ dkdb kfslv
ubA uffk iak jsv svsJsYb; pfv iflslsw blDnmCr iahfdrk. snJfsb kfvf
dyvjft Kfjsh. rt mrfnfItA. (nCvf kWhf 100 zfqfk)

40

dhlzfk liGB

zkh pf]vf kf]slv zbcomb jsvb, kf]slv hcsU jcvzfb W ncfr hcsUb,
kf]slv mk zffr W klDq vnCtsj Hfstfhfsnb hQ kf]slv idk mk
wvDqskv zfbcokA jsvb, kf]vf nftfID. pf]vf DbD sjfb jKf dhhfn jvsk,
htsk zKhf sjfb jfu jvsk jcvzfb W nrDr rflDsnv ltDt sJf]sub . pf]vf
nrDr rflDn W ntIslv nrDr d zbcnfsv jcvzfsbv hAfJAf jsvb, kf]vf
zfrst ncfr. sn ntsI nfstrDbslv ufmfzfk jmf ntfmD ufmfzfk.
ntfsm zfv dH sjfb ufmfzfk sb. ufmfzfk ixdKhDsk nfrfpA iaf
hQ zfsJvfsk mcd iafij. zbAKf jcvzfb W rflDn kKf ntsIv fb hAdksvsj
pfvf msbv sJqfthsw zbA iK vybf jsv hf hvB jsv W ufmfzfk W kfv
bDdk rsk dH bfm W bDdk dbsq dhdY rq, kfvf LQn iafij.
ixdKhDv nhGswa lCvlwGD dyfbfqj mrfbhD rpvk mcrfmfl hstb, hfbD
naftvf hfrfv dIjGfq dhH rsqdYt. zfv zfmfv mk dkqfv dIjGfq
dhH rsh. kmsLA hfrfvde dIjGf ufrffsm pfsh hQ jde mf dIjGf
uffkhfnD rsh. uffkD dIjGf kfslv, pfvf zfmfv W zfmfv nfrfhfv
zflswGv iv jfsqm Kfjsh. (zfhc lfl, dkvdmpD, mcnbfsl zfrmfl)
iDvswa rpvk zfct jfslv uDtfbD (v}) hstb, `ufrffm sKsj bfufk
iaf ltde zfrst ncfr zt-ufmfzfrv lt. pfv jde mf bfm zfsY kf
rt `zfrst rflDn'. (dbqfkck kfsthDb)
nckvfQ zfrst ncfr, rflDn hf zfnfv zKhf nftfIDv bDdk j iCBGf ndEj
ntfsmv bDdk sp bDdkv isv dYstb zffrv vnCt kf]v nfrfhfoB ,
kfshb W njt zfsqmfsq mcukfsrlDb - mfm zfhc rfbDIf, mfstj, wfsIqD,
zfrmfl dhb rft hQ zbAfbA mfm (vfsrmfmcfr)oB. zfsqmfoB dhNsq
dhdH hfsjA j jKf hst sosYb, `nrDr rflDn zfmfv mprfh.'
sn swa W dyvb bDdk nQs[si dbmvi}(1) zftjcvzfsb hdBGk nm jKf W jfusj db}nslsr W db}nQsjfsy
dhhfn W LfvB jvf (sp jcvzfsb) iChGhkDG sjfb iajfv dmKAf W hfdkt iad[
rq bf.
(2) nrDr ncfrsj lxPHfsh LfvB jvf, pf zft-jcvzfsbv hAfJAfkf W dkDq
WrD (wDhfBD). spmb mrfb zffr hstb,

dhlzfk liGB

41

6xtFt =ys9u s9) th $t $=9 tit7F9 u2e%!$# y7s9) !$u9ur&u

zKGf{, skfmfv iadk oa zhkDBG jvf rsqsY kf kfslvsj nciHfsh

shfUfhfv ubA--. (nCvf bfrt 44 zfqfk)
dkdb zbA hstb,
4yr ru ) u ) #uo;$# t ,t $tu

zKGf{, hQ sn (bhD) dbsuv Yfmk sjfb jKf hstb bf. kf skf zrD, pf
kf]v iadk iakAfslw jvf rq. (nCvf bfum 3-4 zfqfk)
(3) zffrsj jmf iadkiftj, nxdjkGf, dhLfqj hQ jmf ifnA W
mf'hclvsi dhhfn jvf. dkdb YfVf zfv sj (nkA) ifnA sb. W
iajfwA dhwfnA, jKbDq hQ jvBDq pfhkDq hflk sjht kf]v nd W
nfdLAtfsHv sswA kf]sj dbshlb jvf.
(4) kf]v nmClq zfnmf W dnIfk (bfm W BfhtD)v iv sn mk mfb
vfJf, sp mk dkdb kf]v djkfsh dbsu hdBGk W hA jsvsYb hQ sp mk kf]v
vnCt kf]v ncfrsk hBGbf dlsqsYb. kfv i zKG W nrufKG oarB jvf hQ
sjfb iajfv dhjxdk, srvsIv hf lCv hAfJAfv zbciashw bf Oefsbf. zKhf sn
nmCrsj zKGrDb djQhf zffr uffr kfzftfv zKGhrBrDb bf msb jvf
hQ zsKGv hf sBv sjfb iajfv imf, lfrvB, nflxwA hf nvikf hBGbf
bf jvf. hvQ kf sjmb, dj iajfv, djvi kAfdl iawW msb bf zfbf. mrfb
zffr hstb,
t79$# 9$# uu ( x =Wx. }s9

zKGf{, sjfb djYc kf]v nlxw bq, dkdb nhGswafkf, nhGlaf. (nCvf wCvf 11 zfqfk)
(5) zffr ifj pf zhkDBG jsvsYb kf dbsuslv hQ vfsv (uDhb)
nQdhLfb jvf hQ vnCt -v zflwG W dhLfb fvf njt nmnAfv W dhildhnfslv W dhyfv-mDmfQnf jvf . spsrkc zffr kfzftf hstb,
r& (#gs O st/ uyfx $y x8j3ys 4Lxm y7n/uu s
$V=n@ (#k=|u |Ms% $i %[`uxm

42

dhlzfk liGB

zKGf{, dj bf, skfmfv iadk iftsjv wiK! kfvf mcdmb rsh bf pk[B ipG
bf kfslv dbsuslv dhhfl-dhnmfslv dhyfv-Hfv skfmfv iv ziGB jsv,
zk}iv skfmfv dnf ns kfslv msb sjfb dLf bf Kfsj hQ nhGf}jvsB
kf smsb sbq. (nCvf dbnf 65 zfqfk)
(6) n{jfspGv zfslw hQ zn{ hfLf lfb jvf hQ n{isKv iadk mfbcNsj
zfrhfb jvf. zffr ifj hstb,
!$# zys6u ( _yt6?$# tu O$tr& >ut/ 4n?t 4 !$# n<) (#r& ?6y y %
.9$# z O$tr& !$tu

zKGf{, ht, de zfmfv iK; zfdm hQ zfmfv zbcnfvDoB nfsb zffrv

iadk (mfbcNsj) zfrhfb jdv, zffr mdrmfdbk hQ pfvf zffrv zQwD fib
jsv zfdm kfslv zHGc b. (nCvf ncI 108 zfqfk)
dkdb zbA hstb,
) 4 |mr& } L9$$/ 9y_u ( u|ut:$# sy9$#u y3t:$$/ y7n/u 6y 4n<) $#
y t | y/ n=r& u y7/u
ttG9$$/ n=r& uu ( &#6

zKGf{, kcdm (mfbcNsj) iaf (pcd) W nlcislw fvf skfmfv iadkiftsjv

isK zfrhfb jv hQ Wslv nfsK nlXHfsh zfstfybf jv. zhwA skfmfv
iadkiftj. kf]v iK sYsV sp dhiKofmD rq; sn ns ndhswN zhdrk hQ
pfvf n{isK zfsY kfW dkdb ndhswN ufsbb. (nCvf bfrXt 125 zfqfk)
zkh n{jfspGv zfslw W zn{jfspG dbsNL hQ zffrv isK zfrhfb
(khtDo) lcde zfqfskv dHdsk jvf. iaKmk} tXm hf wvqD fb W
dkDqk} drjmk hf iaf hf pcd W lCvldwGkf. iaskAj mcndtm kfv nt W
nfmKGAfbcpfqD dbsuv dbdlG s[ W jmGnDmfv dHksv lfWqfk jfspG zQw
oarB jvsh. zfv zffr jfsj kfv nfsLAv zkDk lfdqkHfv ziGB jsvb bf.
spmb kf]v vnCt hstb, skfmfslv msLA sp sj sjfb ml jfu slJsh sn
kfv rfskv fvf zinfvB (hfLf lfb) jvsh. pdl kfsk n[m bf rq ksh kfv
dusHv fvf, pdl kfskW n[m bf rq ksh kfv zv fvf (OxBf ufbsh) hQ

dhlzfk liGB

43

kf lchGt mfsbv idvyfqj. (mcndtm)

nckvfQ r fvf hfLf slWqf wfnb jkxGis[v jkGhA hQ zbcviHfsh
idvhfsvv ubA kfv zdHHfhsjv jfu. mcJ fvf hfLf slWqf iaskAj mcndtsmv
jfu. pdl jKfv nfrfspAW odrGk jmG lCv jvsk (dIkbf kAfdlv Hsq) n[m bf
rq, kfrst kfv dyk zv sKsj mlsj OxBf jvf; bsy{ mfb rfdvsq pfq.
(7) Db iayfsvv sswA hQ mfbcNsj mfbcN zKhf usVv hflk jvf rsk
v[f jsv jmf mfbcN W usVv nxdjkGf W iadkiftj jj ifsnAv
hflk jvsk iK ialwGsbv sswA zffrv isK nhGiajfv durfl jvf.
(8) jfsvf iadk hck hf dhsN djkfh W ncfrv dbslGwmk jvf (sjfb lt hf
hAdskv Jfdksv bq.) zfrst ncfr hf rflDnsj Hfstfhfnf hQ zfrst
dhlzfksj OxBf jvf.
(9) iaKsm nQswfLb W kvdhqskv, zk}iv nQoEb W vybfv iK zbcnvB
jvf.
(10) jcvzfb W nrDr rflDsnv iadkjCt sjfbW hfv hAdiCuf bf jvf.
lcsqv iv sjfb mfm, zfstm hf dyfdhslv jKfsj iafLfbA bf slWqf, lcsqv
idviD njt mk W dnfsj iakAfJAfb jsv jmf lcsqv zbcnvB jvf.
(11) sbkf, zfmDv hf vfufv zfbcokA jvf; pdl kfvf sjfb ifi jfspGAv
zfslw bf slq hQ i niamfB jcIvDv iajfw YfVf kfslv dhvs dhslafr
sOfNBf bf jvf.
(12) nQJAfq jm rst iK ytsk zfkdk W HDk bf rWqf. sjht mf
rj W ltDstv nfsK nmk rWqf; pdlW hf nfvf lcdbqf dhsvfLD rq.
(13) Dsbv pfhkDq zflwG W dw[fq, hAhrfv W zfyvsB iviv
nrfbcHCdkwDt rWqf. njst dmst spb jde slr; pfv sjfb jde z hAdKk
rst ufovB W usv nfvf slr nmhAKD rq. spmb vnCt -v ydv dYt zftjcvzfb, klbcvi dYstb kf]v nfrfhfhxl pf]vf zfmfslv zflwG W ntI.

dhlzfskv iaKm dhjfw

44

dhlzfk liGB

wfJct ntfm hsb kfdmqAfr (v}) hstb, `tXm W hflk dhNqj (iafq)
nhGiajfv dhlzfk JctfIfsq vfswlDsbv sJftfIk jfstv swsNv dlsj iajfw
ifq. spmb, dhNsq nkjG jsv bhD hstdYstb, sp zfmfv iv sp uDdhk
Kfjsh sn h mkfSbjA slJsk ifsh, nckvfQ skfmvf zfmfv W zfmfv ivhkGD
JctfIfsq vfswlDsbv ncfr (zflwG)sj zf]jsV Lsvf. (IfkWqf hsb kfdmqAfr 10/354)
nhGiaKm jlsvv (kjlDv hst djYc sb dhhfsnv) dhlzfk dhjfw tfH
jsv zk}iv `vuf' (zfmt mfsb wfdmt bq dhhfn), `kfwfqcA'
(rpvk zftD iaKm JtDIf rWqfv spfoA W zdLjfvD LfvBfv iv Odek)
dhlzfk hQ JfWqfsvu (pfvf hst jfhDvfr bfrjfvD jfsIv hQ dyvfqD
ufrffmhfnD kfslv) dhlzfk iajfw ifq. nm dhlzfkdt iaKm W dkDq
wkfDsk nfrfhfslv hkGmfsb Ose. pfsk kf]vf znmdk iajfw jsvdYstb
hQ dyk mk sn nshv iadkhfl W JbW jsvdYstb. hvQ rpvk zftD
JfWqfsvuslv dhvs pc jsvdYstb. zk}iv mc'kfdptf zfjtfbDslv (pfvf
zfjt hf fb W dhshsjv dbdsk wvDqk hcsU kfslv) dhlzfk slJf slq
hQ mcndtmslv mfsU hV dhO W dIkbfv nxd rq. dhdHmcJD mkfSbsjA,
jtr-dhhfl W sJqft-JcwDv iCuf hfVsk Kfsj. kfnfhcI (ncIDhfl) W jhv
iCufv hf mfufsvv dhlzfk iajfw rq ntfmD nBGpcsov iv hQ snHfsh iv
iv pco zdkhfdrk rWqfv nfsK nfsK zfsvf zbAfbA vjmfvD dhlzfskv
iaflcHGfh Ose. iaLfb iaLfb dhlzfk slJf slq hnvf, jcIf W wfm sKsj, pf
ivhkDGjfst zbAfbA slsw hAfij zfjfsv YdVsq isV.

dhlzfk nxdv jfvB

ntfm iCBfG LmG. pf iCBG uDhb hAhf hQ nhGfnclv jfbcb W

nQdhLfbvsi mfbcsNv dbje zfok. pfv bf djYc idvkAfuA hQ bf kfsk sjfb
zdkdv nQspfub W zdkvb oarBspfoA. pfv mCt {n djkfh W ncfr. pf
nxlxPHfsh LfvB jvst sjfb dhlzfsk hf kfq iVfv sjfb zfwf zhdw
Kfsj bf. zbAfbA mCt {n sKsj zinfdvk rsq dhdH dhlzfk nxdv
jfvB dbmvi }-

dhlzfk liGB

45

(1) zkf

Db dhNsq pKfKG iVfwcbf bf jvf hf bf ufbf, LsmGv zfslw W dbsNLff

nisjG fb bf Kfjf, ndEj zfvhD HfNffb bf Kfjf iaHxdk. nh dhNsq ndEj
fb bf Kfjst zhwA mfbcN dhlzfk W kfq iVsk hfLA. spmb iK bf
dybst zhwA mfbcN f isK dhiKofmD rsk hfLA rq.
wvDqk mcndtmsj fb dw[fv iv Ivpvsi c jsv. zufs sjfb jKf
zflfsu htsk nfhLfb jsv. zffr kfzftf hstb,
!$$/ (#.@ r&u d,y9$# t/ zt79$#u zOM}$#u zst/ $tu $p] uys $t |mux9$# }n/u txm $y) %
ts>s? $t !$# n?t (#9)s? r&u $Ys= / it s9 $t

zKfG{, ht, zfmfv iadkiftj dbdN (rfvfm) jsvsYb iajfwA W sofib

zwDtkf zfv ififyfvsj W znk dhsvfdLkfsj hQ sjfb djYcsj zffrv
wvDj jvfsj - pfv sjfb ltDt dkdb zhkDBG jsvbdb hQ zffrv iv mb
djYc htfsj sp ns skfmfslv sjfb fb sb. (nCvf zfvfI 33 zfqfk)
dkdb zfsvf hstb,
Zt t t%x. y7s9'& . y#x9$#u u|t79$#u y9$# ) 4 = / y7s9 }s9 $t #)s? u

zKGf{, sp dhNsq skfmfv sjfb fb sb sn dhNsq zbcmfb fvf idvyfdtk

rsqf bf. dbyq jBG, y[c W rlq Wslv iaskAsjv dhNsq SjdIqk kth jvf
rsh. (nCvf nvf 36 zfqfk)
zffrv vnCt hstb, zffr hflfslv dbje sKsj tXm dYdbsq sbWqfv
mk kcst sbshb bf. hvQ tfmf kcst dbsq tXm kcst sbshb. mkfhfq pJb
sjfb zfstm zhdw vfJshb bf, kJb mfbcN mcJGslvsj v (W sbkf) vsi
hvB jvsh. Ist kfvf dufdnk rst dhbf tXsm Iskfqf slsh, pfsk kfvf
dbsu rsh hQ zivsj jvsh. (hcJfvD W mcndtm 2673 bQ)
dkdb zfsvf hstb, zfmfv iCshG sjfb mskv mfsU zffr sp sjfb bhD
ifdEsqsYb kf]v ubA kfv mLA rsk nfrfpAjfvD W nryvhoG dYt; pfvf kf]v
zflswGv zbcnfvD dYt. zk}iv kfslv iv mb vncdvslv um rq pfvf pf
jfsu jsv bf kf mcsJ hst hQ pf jvsk kfvf zfdl bq kf jsv. nckvfQ sp

46

dhlzfk liGB

hAd mb stfjslv dhvs dbu r fvf durfl jsv sn mcdmb, sp hAd

kfslv dhvs dbu durf fvf durfl jsv sn mcdmb, sp hAd kfslv dhvs
dbu zv fvf durfl jsv sn mcdmb. zfv v iyfsk j ndvNf lfbf
idvmfBW mfb sb. (mcndtm)
nckvfQ fb mb zfstfjhdkGjf pfv fvf mcndtm zfsJvfskv iK ncivsi
slJsk ifq hQ jkGhAfjkGhA zfstfsj iajdek rq. Ist sn dbsu W LQn
rq bf hQ zivsjW W LQn jsv bf. i[fsv ufsrt j z. sp dbsu
isKv dlwf ifq bf, nckvfQ zivsj skf isKv nfb htsk ifsv bf. (jcvzfb W
nrDr ncfrv) mb z dbsu dhlzfkD rq hQ Hct Iskfqf dlsq, uft W pqDI
rflDnsj dHd jsv zfrjfm vybf jsv W kf iayfv jsv zivsjW dhlzfkD
hfbfq. zsbsj djnXnf-jfdrbD hQ nih
x f fvf zfmt jsv hQ kf dlsq
lfWqfskv jfu jsv. vf mb jfEcsv pfvf vfskv zjfsv jfE jcVfq hQ
nfiW jcVfq. Ist dbsuslv LQn Ffsj hQ pfvf kfslv jfE q jsv kfslvW
nhGbfw zfsb. iasqfub nsW zfstf uvvD msb jsv bf. hvQ tXm W tfmfv
bfsm bfj dn]ejfq. spsrkc tfmfvf Wslv mk jfEcsv bb kf.
rpvk ufshv hstb, jlf zfmvf nIsv shv rtfm. zfmfslv msLA j
hAdv mfKfq ifKsvv zfOfk stso [k dYt. isv kfv nislfN rt. stfjde
(idhkf nisjG) kfv nDslvsj dufnf jvt, `zfmfv ubA kfqfmcsmv
zbcmdk zfsY dj?' kfvf htt, `bf, skfmfv ubA sn zbcmdk sb. jfvB kcdm
ifdb hAhrfv jvsk n[m.' ( Iskfqf wcsb) stfjde sofnt jvt. (hQ
[kfsb ifdb siZ]sY [k hdLGk rst) kfsk sn mfvf sot. zk}iv pJb
zfmvf bhD -v dbje dIsv tfm kJb stfjdev jKf ufbftfm. kJb
Oebf wcsb dkdb htstb, Wvf Wsj rkAf jsvsY, zffr Wslvsj LQn jsvb,
sjb kfvf dufnf jsvdb. pdl kfvf ufbk bf? mcJGkf svfsov dbvfmq skf iaw
W dufnf. Wv ubA skf kfqfmcm psK dYt. (zfhc lfl, hsb mfufr, mc} zfrmfl 1/330)
skf rjfstv LQsnv jKf. dj odbwDb ufsrt mcwdvjvf skf mfbcsNv
ivjft ml jsv hQ dyvfqD nhGbfswv mcsJ sEst slq. djkfh W ncfrv
fbsj djkfhD fb hf ufsrvD tXm hst zilfKG fb jsv hQ Wslv
jdik hfskbD hf jthD fbsj iajxk fb hst Hfsh sjht

dhlzfk liGB

47

dbsuslv Hslv mfsU iayfv jsv. Ist fsbv jxkmsn dbsuslvsj W

kfv nfsK mcvDlslvsjW nhGbfwoa jsv. isKv dlwf dlsk dosq rskv dlwf lfb
jsv Kfsj.
i[fsv zsbsj msb jsv sp, zfmtef zfnt. sjfb zfstsmv dbje zpKf
nmq b jsv tXm dw[fq sjfb tfH sb. dj kfvf ufsb bf sp, tXm dw[f
jvfW j hV zfmt. hvQ dhbf tXsm zfmt nHh bq. pfsk tfsHv sysq
[dk zdLj rsq Kfsj. tXm mcdmsbv z W mfsbv suAfdk, kfv dyvw
wqkfb kfsj z rsk lCv hQ suAfdksj dbhGfdik jvsk nIt rst
kfsj LQn W jvf Jch nru rq. zjfsv iK Hct rq. dhlzfk shsV yst.
`zfmifvf isV rfmhVf jsv' zfv lc'ifkf lGc isV WfuD snsu zKhf
mfmvsi iaskAj mrfq `Jfn-Jfn' Iskfq yst. sj hf `mjnClct mcsmbDb'
zKhf `shsrD spWv'sj hcJfvD-mcndtsmv luGf dlsq syfJ hcsu zfmt jsv.
sj hf dbm-smZtHD zKhf wcb-smZtHDv jKfq mfblfv W ivsrpofv nfsu.
sn s[s djkfh W ncfrv iajxk fbD zfstm W mcIdkslv sjfb iasqfub
shfL rq bf. Ist nmfsuv zhf sp, djkfh W ncfrv sjfb zfstm
ndEj iK slJfhfv syf jvst odbwDbvf dbsuslv odl pfhfv Hsq k]fv
dhvs `jfsIv' Iskfqf dlsq dbu Hslv jfsb kftf Ucdtsq slq zKhf
`bkcb rflDn' hst bfj dn]esj slq Ist nQfv W nQswfLb jdEb rsq isV,
dhlzfskv zjfv zfsvf ObDHCk rsk Kfsj.

(2) iahxd W sJqft-JcwDv zbcnvB

dhlzfk usmv j jfvB iahxd iCuf. sjfbW jmGsj m msb jvf rq,
zk}iv wqkfb sn jmGsj zdLj nclv W ncswfdHkvsi kfv msb iashw
jdvsq slq. mb kf iYl W hvB jsv. jJsbf hf zHAfnokHfsh jmGsj
LmG hst iftb jsv. pJb jfsvf nkjGhfBDW oafrA rq bf.
dhlzfk iahxdv shfbf uft. sp iahxdv jfsY djkfh W ncfrv kkef hf
djYcefW mfb sb. hk} pfvf djkfh W ncfrv iK sYsV zbA isK ytsk
yfq kfvf iahxdv iCuf jsv hQ dbu msbv sJqft-JcwDv zbcnvB jsv.
zffr kfzftf hstb,

48

dhlzfk liGB

Y t/ 1uy yt7?$# |r& tu 4 u!#ur& 7Ft $yr& n=$$s y7s9 (#7ftFo 9 *s

t=9$# ts)9$# u !$# ) 4 !$# i

zKGf{, zk}iv Wvf pdl skfmfv zfrhfsb nfVf bf slq kfrst ufbsh sp,
Wvf skf sjht dbsuslv sJqft-JcwDv zbcnvB jsv. zfv zffrv
iKdbslGw dhbf sp hAd dbu sJqft-JcwDv zbcnvB jsv kfv sysq zdLj
dhf zfv sj? (nCvf jfnfn 50 zfqfk)
dkdb zbA hstb,
#y;$# h5 i u!%y` s)s9u ( F{$# us? $tu 9$# ) t7Ft )

zKGf{, Wvf skf sjht zbcmfb hQ dbsuslv iahxdv zbcnvB jsv. zKy
Wslv dbje Wslv iadkiftsjv kvI rsk iKdbslGw snsY. (nCvf bfuXm 23 zfqfk)
dkdb zfsvf hstb,
4n?t yy_u 7=s%u x 4n?t tsyzu 5= 4n?t &#|r&u !$# 1uy ys9) xsB$# t |Muusr&
t.xs? sr& 4 !$# t/ . u ys Zut |t/

zKGf{, kcdm dj t[A jsvY kfsj sp kfv sJqft-Jcdwsj dbsuv ifnA jsv
dbsqsY? zffr (kfv kf) susb kfsj dhf jsvsYb, kfv jBG W rlsq
smfrv smsv dlsqsYb hQ kfv y[cv iv svsJsYb zfhvB. zkh zffr
mfbcNsj dhf jvfv iv sj kfsj iK dbslGw jvsh? khcW dj skfmvf
islw oarB jvsh bf? (nCvf ufdnqfr 23 zfqfk)
nckvfQ iahxd iCuf mb j dhibj rlsvfo pfv jfvsB iCufvD mfbcN
dhf W jcdetkfq isV nvt iK sKsj nclCsv zinxk rq. mb hiK
zhtb jsv sp, ndEj iK-dbslGw nsW nkA isK iakAfhkGb jvsk nmk
rq bf. ihGknm ltDt kfv jfsY siw jvstW kf zoafrA jsv dbsuv mskv
iv nclxPHfsh dbdhGyt Kfsj. spsrkc sJqft kfv msb mbHfsh hmCt
rq sp, bAfq bsk jBG hdLv hQ nvt W nkA iK slJsk y[c z rsq pfq.
jJsbf hf djkfh W ncfr sKsj mb ltDt hkfv ndrk shv jsv, pf kfv
iahxd W mskv hfrAk} zbcjCt msb rq. jJsbf hf jde mf zfqfk hf rflDn

dhlzfk liGB

49

zKhf kfv sjfb jfQw Lsv kf dbsuv mskv iv ltDtvsi siw jsv
dbsusj jxkfKG msb jsv. dj zbAfbA zfqfk, rflDn hf kfv iCBfGQswv iadk
s[i jsv bf. mb sof]qfv W stfsjv nx dhlzfk nhsysq zdLj
mfvfkj.

(3) ndlrfb dv iv dbHGvkf

dhlzfk nxdv j jfvB ndlrfb W vij (lcshGfLA) zfqfk hf rflDsnv

mboVf zKG W hAfJAf jvf. pfsk hAfJAfkf znk kf{ipG jsv zfnt dv
idvhkGb Oefq hQ j dv ndrk zbA zd iviv-dhsvfdLkf hA
jsv. djkfshv djYc zQswv iv mfb zfsb hQ djYc zQwsj zDjfv
jsv. nm vij zfqfskv mboVf tXm msb nfv jsv hfskbD tXsmv
Jfufbf sisqsY hst lfhD jsv. zKy vf rsY hkf W kfv Hffv.
rpvk zfsqwf (vf}) hstb, vnCt zfqfk sktfzk jvstb }
t%!$# $r's ( My7ttF yz&u =tG39$# & Mys3t Mt#u |=tG39$# y7n=t tur& %!$# u
3 !$# ) &s#'s? n=t $tu 3 &#'s? u!$tG/$#u uG9$# u!$tG/$# tt7ts? $t t6Kus y /=%
=t69F{$# (#9'& H) .t $tu 3 $un/u i @. / $t#u t9)t =9$# t9$#u

zKGf{, dkdb skfmfv iadk djkfh zhkDBG jsvsYb pfv zfqfk nci
AKGrDb; dt djkfshv mCt zQw. zfv zbAdt vij. pfslv msb hkf
zfsY kfvf dI{bf (dhwxJtf) nxd W Hct hAfJAfv sswA pf vij kfv
zbcnvB jsv. hk} zffr hAkDk zbA sj v hAfJAf ufsb bf. zfv pfvf
ncdh kfvf hst, `zfmvf dhhfn jdv, nm zfmfslv iadkiftsjv dbje
rsk zfok. ' hk} hcdmfb stfsjvf islw oarB jsv. (nCvf zfst mvfb 7 zfqfk)
zk}iv dkdb (vnCt ) hstb, nckvfQ pfslvsj vij zfqfskv zbcnvB
jvsk slJsh zffr kfslvsj swA jsvsYb, kf kfslv sKsj nfhLfb
sKsjf. (hcJfvD W mcndtm)
vij zfqfk dbsq dhlAf ufdrvjfvD (sHl iajfwjfvD) W dhdH nQwq
nxdjfvD j hAdsj rpvk mfv iayHfsh iarfv jsv mb wfsqf

50

dhlzfk liGB

jsvdYstb sp, zk}iv zfv sjfb dlb kfv msb sjfb nslsrv slaj rqdb.
mb stfj sp pcso jm, kf bq. dj sn mfv zfv sb. kf skf mb
sjvfmkhfuslv dhlzfsk kf W dhwxJtf nxd rsq mcndtm nmfu
zL}iksbv dwjfv rsqsY.
nQwq j mb Hqfbj hAfdL sp, hAfdLoa mfbcsNv dbje zfnt W iajxk
dhNq yfif isV, rj W hfdkstv mfsU kftsoft sJsq pfq. jJsbf hf mbW
rq sp, mfbcN ntfmD od sKsj zufs shv rsq pfq. zfhfv hAfdLv
mfLAsm ntfm-lcwmbvf mcndtmslv [dknfLsbv sswA lchGt mfsbv
mfbcNslv msb dhibj mfb-LQnD uDhfBcv zbciashw Oefq. Ist mcndtm
dbu mfsb nslr sifNB jvsk wcv jsv hQ j nmq mfb-rfvf rsq pfq.
kfskf nh dhNsq mcndtmsj hV nkjGkf zhtb jvf dyk. dhswN jsv
sp nh dhNsq zdLj nslr ufofv nHfhbf Kfsj; (spmb kjlDv, dnIfk
iaHxdk) sn nh dhNsq mfb iff W muhck jvf dyk.
iajfw Kfsj sp, zffrv dnIfk (B) ndtk zfqfknmCsrv sjfbef vij
(mckfwf-dhr) bq. sjbbf, kf]v dnIfskv zKG zfmfslv nci ufbf, zhwA
kfv vjmk W nvi njstv jfsY zufbf. nckvfQ sn dhNsq jfsvf sjfb nQwq
rWqfv jKf bq.
mfm wfsIqD (v}) htskb, `zffrv iv mfb sbdY hQ kf]v dbje
rsk zfok njt dhNsqv iv zffrv sswAv zbchkDG rsq mfb
sbdY. vnCstv iv mfb sbdY hQ kf]v dbje zfok njt dhNsqv iv
vnCstv sswAv zbchkDG rsq mfb sbdY.' (pfmck kf'hDt)
mfm mfstj (v}) zffrv zfvsw Kfjfv sjmbk ians dufdnk rst
hstdYstb, `zfvsw Kfjf dhdlk, kfv sjmbk zdhdlk hQ dhNsq iaw
(SjdIqk) jvf dhlzfk.'

(4) sjhtmf fsbv iv Hvnf jvf

dhlzfk liGB

51

zffr kfzftf mfbcNsj swakm zhqsh nxd jsvsYb, kf]v nxuosk

zsbsjv sysq mfbcNsj zdLjkm swak W nmfb ialfb jsvsYb. mfbcsNv
slr nxd-dhdys kf]v dhmqjv wd hQ nDmfrDb iafv zdHhAd OsesY.
mfbcsNv slr-dhdys mdj W hcd zffrv j mrflfb. pfv fvf mfbcN
Hfstfsj ml rsk hQ rjsj hfdkt rsk ifKGjA jvsk ifsv. wvDqskv
dhdH s[s fbsj jfsu tfofsk htf rsqsY. fb W dhshj pfsk
dhb bf rsq pfq, kfv dhdH hAhf jvf rsqsY.
dj mfbcN zmCtA fb-nilsj hAhrfsvv s[s zdkvb W zhsrtfv
dwjfv rsqsY. djYc mfbcN zfsY pfvf sjfb dhNsq fb Jfefsk yfq bf; hvQ
zHfsh nhdjYc dhhfn jsv W smsb sbq. mb dj spJfsb wvDqk zfslw
jsvsY, snJfsbW fbsj hAhrfv jvsk jfiGBA hf zftnA jsv. zffr ifj
hstb,
e. 4n?t r& y7n/u/ #3t s9ur& 3 ,ut:$# r& s9 tt7oKt 4Lxm r& u $sF$# $uFt#u y
y &x

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zKGf{, Hfsh zffr njt dblwGb skfmfslv ubA iajfw jsvb; pfsk
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zKGf{, ht z W y[cmfbX dj nmfb? skfmvf dj zbcLfhb jv bf? (nCvf

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Hfsh jcvzfb mfuDslv h fsb skfmvf dj hcUbf? pfsk skfmvf hcU,

pdl skfmvf hcU, Wvf dj fb jsv bf? fbDslv ubA dblwGb vsqsY, skfmvf dj

52

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dyf jv bf? pfsk skfmvf dyf jv, pfsk Wvf dyf jsv, dyfdhlXslv ubA
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dj zsbsj fb Jfefq bf.
i[fsv jkj mfbcN zfsY, pfvf nhGdhNsq dbsuv zfsjtsj iafLfbA slq,
nhdjYcsj dhshsjv dbdsk Wub jsv. fbsj Hfstf-ml hcUfv {n
msb jsv. dbsuslv fb pfsj nkA hst kfvf kfsj nkA mfsb hQ pfsj
znkA hst kfsj kf mfsb pdlW kf djkfh W ncfrv (iajxk fsbv)
iadkjCt rq. pfv Ist h dhlzfk zfsjstv Yf]sy nxd rsqsY. zfv v
ubA kf W h nQJAj dIkbf, dhwxJtf W rfbfrfdb nQOdek rsqsY, jk
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dhdH dsj dhjxk W srvsIv jvf rsqsY.
zKy wvDqsk mb djYc sb pf mfbcsNv fb W dhshsjv iadkjCt. zhwA
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kfsk dhmCP W rqvfb rsq pfq. dj kf hst fsbv hfhst kf zmfbA bq.
spsrkc mfbcsNv fb KfjstW kfv idvnv nDmfh hQ nxdjkGf wvDqklfkfv
fb W iaf zidvnDm. kf]v njt drjmk hcsU WEf mfbcsNv nfLA bq. nckvfQ
wvDqskv iv fsbv yfjf nhGs[s nyt bq.
dj dhvtHfsh jkj mfbcN dbqsmv dhsvfdLkf W hAdkm jsv kfvf
dbsuslv zidvnv fsbv hrvsj zffrv dbLGfdvk nDmf zdkm jsv sLG
hfdVsq Kfsj, kfslv wfj-shyf l]fdViffsk nchxr{ ihGk Wub jvsk yfq!
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dmefsv smsi Kfsj! kfslv fsb Lsv bf -mb tfrD Jhvsj vX jsv slq
hQ fb W vdy sKsj rftft W rfvfm mfsb; pdlW tfrD jfbcsb kfv dhivDk
hst sOfdNk Kfsj. `skf Hfstf dudbn, Wsk [dk dj? ef jcnQfv' kAfdl
hst bhbh dHdrDb hflk-zbcfb vybf jsv Kfsj zKhf LQn jsv Kfsjpfv zbcmdk mf'hcl slbdb.
zfsjstv sOfVf Ycdesq hfhhflDvf h DbD iajxkksj zDjfv W v jsv
Kfsj. dhswN jsv zlxwA W dlaq-zoafrA dhdH tfrD W bhhD Jhvsj
zdhhfn jsv; pdlW hf kf wcHfsh iamfdBk. spmb dIdvf W dub-uo{,

dhlzfk liGB

53

jhsvv zfpfh, pflc-iadkdqf, mfm mfrlD W rpvk nfv (zf}) zfdhHGfh,

lffstv dIkbf, vnCstv dm'vfu, dnbfyfj, ivjfst mDpfb, rfWp, ictnDvfk iaHxdk ofqhD dhNqsj kfvf zdhwfn jsv.
i[fsv, iaskAj nc-mdsjv mcndtsmv dbje dhdlk sp, zffr hf kf]v
vnCt sKsj pJb sjfb Jhv wcHfsh iamfdBk rq, kJb kf mfbA jvf zKhf v
jvfsk zfsjstv sjfb rfk Kfsj bf. hvQ kfsk lxP iakAq vfJf hQ mfbA jvf
Wqfsuh rsq pfq; yfsr fb W dhshj sn Jhsvv iajxkskv bfoft ifq zKhf
bf ifq. spsrkc fb iaskAj dhNsqv iajxkk itd jvsk z[m.
rfufsv zfnWqflsj ycbjfst rpvk mfv Ifvj ksj nfmsb
svsJ hstdYstb, `zfdm ufdb sp, kcdm jde ifKv; kcdm bf jfsvf ijfv nfLb
jvsk ifv, zfv bf- jfsvf zijfv. pdl vnCt -sj skfmfsj ycb jvsk
bf slJkfm, kfrst zfdm skfmfsj ycb jvkfm bf.' (hcJfvD)
nckvfQ yCVf dnf sp, pJb mcdmbslv zfsifsnv sjfb dhNsqv
Ifqnftfv ubA kfslvsj zffr W kf]v vnCstv dlsj zfrhfb jvf rq, kJb
kfvf skf sjht jKf hst, `zfmvf wahB jvtfm W mfbA jvtfm.' zfv
Wvf rt nItjfm. (nCvf bCv 51 zfqfk)

(5) mfm W hcpcoGslv zfbcjvB W i[ifdkk

dhlzfk ianfsvv de zbAkm iaLfb jfvB. zfjDlf W zfrjfsm zffr W
vnCstv d hQ mDmfQnfv iv dhlzfkDvf dbsuslv hcpcoGslv jKf W
Ifqnftfsj zoafdLjfv slq. zHfsh kf dhhfn jsv pf kfslv mfbbDq hcpcoG
hst. zdkvsb zsbsj kfslv hcpcoGsj derDb dbifi msb jsv. msbv
zfnsb mfbAhv hcpcoG hf zfstmsj mb fb slq sp, sn pf hst hf pf jsv, kf
kfslv LmG, jkGhA W dhhfnA rq. zfv v dhivDk nhdjYc zLmG W zmfbA rq;
pdlW hf dhivDk jmG W dhhfn jcvzfb W nrDr ncfq hkGmfb Kfsj. hAd
iCufv zdkdvkfq zsbsj msb jsv sp, kfslv hcpcoG pf ufsb kf zfv
zbA sj ufsb bf hf ufbsk ifsv bf.
dEj zbcvi zhf h mprfshv mcjfslosBvW rsq Kfsj, kfslv mfm hf
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54

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zdHmksj zbfqfsn vl jsv slq; pdlW hf kf jcvzfb W nrDr ncfq Kfsj.

sjhtmf mfsmv jKfq niCBG zff W Hvnf vfsJ. hvQ Jfsb swN bq.
Wslv zsbsj hst Kfsj sp, `iadk sn zfqfk W rflDn pf zfmfslv mprfshv
dhivDk W dhsvfLD rq, kf hAfsJAq zKhf vdrk (mbnCJ)!' (svnftf jfvJD)
kfjtDl mcndtmslv mfsU hAfij zfjfv LfvB jsvsY. jdEb z
i[ifdkskv Ist dhlzfk shsV ystsY. pfv jfvsB sj zfv jcvzfb-rflDn
wcbsk yfq bf. udkrfslv lvuf h jsv zsbsj hst, `Wnh zfmfslv hcUfv
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zKy jKf dhdlk sp, mfmosBv dbje njt nrDr rflDn si]ZsYdb. si]ZYst
dbyq kfv dhivDk sjfb vfq kf]vf dlskb bf. jfvB kf]vf njst jcvzfb W
rflDsnv zbcnfvD dYstb -sk sjfb nslr sb. ksh kf]vf mcukfsrlDb
mfbcN dYstb. k]fslvW Hct rsk ifsv. spmb k]fvf njst k]fslv jfsvf
zfbcjvB jvsk jsEfvHfsh dbsNL jsv sosYb hQ k]fslv sjfb jKf sjfb
nrDr rflDsnv iadkjCt hf sJtfI rst rflDsnv mksj oarB jvsk zfslw
jsv sosYb.
nckvfQ mfbcN djqfmsk dufdnk rsh sp, kfvf jcvzfb W ncfrv iv
zfmt jsvdYstb djbf? sjfb mfm hf hcpcsoGv zbcnvB jsvdYt zKhf bf
jsvdYt -sn nisjG kfslvsj SjdIqk jvf rsh bf.
i[fsv nafv dhvfyvB jsv sjfb nxdv zfbcokA ShL bq. zffr kfzftf
ubsbkf W kfslv zbcnfvDslv ians hstb,
(#9$s%u 9$# $usr&u !$# $ssr& !$uoKn=t t9)t $9$# _ ==s)? tt
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zKGf{, spdlb zdosk Wslv mcJmt se-ifse l jvf rsh sndlb Wvf
htsh, `rfq zfmvf pdl zffr W vnCstv zfbcokA jvkfm.' Wvf zfsvf
htsh, `sr zfmfslv iadkiftj! zfmvf zfmfslv sbkf W vslv zfbcokA
jsvdYtfm hQ Wvf zfmfslvsj iK jsvdYt; sr zfmfslv iaHc! Wslvsj
dB wfd dlb hQ mrf zdHnifk jvb.' (nCvf zfrpfh 66-68 zfqfk)

dhlzfk liGB

55

rpvk hsb zffn njtsj kfmfc' r jvsk zfslw jvskb.

(spsrkc vnCt njtsj sn zfslw jsvdYstb.) dj j iadkhflD
htt, `bf, kfmfc' jvf uvvD bf. jfvB, zfhc hfjv W mfv kf jvsk
dbsNL jsvb. (zfv kfvf zfibfv sysq zdLj fbD W zfbcoskAv zdLj
rjlfv.) kf wcsb hsb zffn htstb, `zdhts skfmfslv iv
zfjfw sKsj iav hNGB rsh. zfdm skfmfslvsj htdY, zffrv vnCt
hstsYb zfv skfmvf htY, zfhc hjv W mfv hstsYb?' (pflct mfzfl
2/195, 206bQ)

nckvfQ lfv W zjcE msb sp bDdksj hcsU sbsh kfv dbje njt iAf]y
W nmnAf hb rfdvsq nru rsq pfsh. ntfm W zfbcoskAv hAfifsv kfv
msb sjfb udetkf ue ifjfsh bf. zfv mcndtmslv mfsUW sjfb zhdw
Kfjsh bf. dhlzfk zfJVf sYsV itfqb jvsh hQ fsb ncfr
swfHmfb rsh.

(6) dhlzfkDv nQnoG

dhlzfkDv nQnoG W nfrypG dhlzfk ianfsv nrfqj rq; dhswN jsv pdl
nrysvv sjfb ifKGjA fb bf Kfsj. zfhfv nmq-jft lDOGkfv nfsK nfsK
dhlzfksj tOc fb (hvQ ncfr msb) jvf rq. Ist nfKDv mk nfKDW
dhlzfsk zfmt wcv jsv hsn. nQnoG ianQs h njkGhfBD iCshG
zfstfdyk rsqsY.

(7) tfmfslv bDvhkf W nfKGfshdNkf

zffr ifj hstb,

y7s9'&u 4 s39$# t tytu pRQ$$/ t'tu s:$# n<) tt & 3i 3tF9u

s=9$#

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dlsj zfrhfb jvsh hQ n{jfspGv dbslGw slsh W zn{jfpG sKsj dbsNL

56

dhlzfk liGB

jvsh hQ Wvf rsh nItjfm. (nCvf zfst mvfb 104 zfqfk)

dj mfr sp nm dhil W lchGtkfv nmcJDb, kfv msLA tfmfslv
zftnA W bDvhkf zbAkm. zffrv zdiGk mrfb lfdqk iftsb
tfmfoB skfNfml W msbfvsbv iK zhtb jsvsYb. lviCdkG, zKG
tfH, djYc zfbslfisHfo, il W odl hrft iaHxdk nfKGtfsHv Jfdksv
dhlzfk sKsj dbsNL jvf skf lCsvv jKf hvQ kfsk bDvh lwGsjv HCdmjf
iftb jsvsYb. hvQ kfv sysqW dhnjv jKf sp, nfKGhsw kfsk wvDj
rsq kfv ncc lXpfib jsv Kfsjb. p]fslv zsbsj shbfmfpDv ufbfpf isVb
bf. dj kfv yftsw (mDtfl) iVsk hf kfv bfsm jcvzfbJfbD hf whDbf
iVsk jJsbf Hct jsvb bf.
zhwA jKfv zKG bq sp, jkGhAivfqB zfstm nmfsu sb. mb
zfstm skf iadk slw W pcso sKsjsYb W zfsYb; pf]vf ncfr sKsj dhlzfskv
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nmfusj zfslw jsvb. dhlzfksj lvmk Jb jsvb. dj k]fslv nQJAf
dbkf jm. zfv stfsjvfW k]fslvsj dybsk Hct jsv.
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zbcmdk W nmKGsbv t[B rq hQ nmfsu kf ncfr hst ncidvdyk rsk Kfsj.
hkGmfsb mcndtm ufrfsbv iadk lxd dIvfst slJf pfsh sp, jk nbfmLbA
tfmfv jBG W y[cv nfmsb sYfe-hV jk dhlzfk OesY W shsV ystsY
zKy kfv iadkhfl W iadkjfsv ni jsqjub hAkDk sj mcJ Jcstb bf hf
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W]vf dj jcvzfb rflDn ufsbb bf hf hcsUb bf? pk bkcb zfstm kk bkcb
bkcb Iskfqf bkcb bkcb rflDn kAfdl.

dhlzfk liGB

57

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bf. zfhfv nmnAf zfsvf zdLj sOfvkv rq kJb pJb iadkhfl wcsb iCshGf
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dH.) htf hftA, zbAfsqv iadkhfsl zftnA nfsu bf. Hq, lchGtkf hf
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bq. `zffrv Db, zffr njstv dyk dhyfv jvshb' hst odVmdn yst
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zsbsj hstb, `ncfr iayfv jvsk dosq ufmfzfskv mfsU dhdYkf W
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58

dhlzfk liGB

kfslvsj zdHwfi jsvb hQ zdHwfijfvDvfW kfslvsj zdHwfi jsv. (nCvf

hfjfvf 159 zfqfk)

dkdb zfsvf hstb,

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dufdnk rst kf sofib jsv, djqfmskv dlb zffr kfzftf kfv mcsJ
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(8) dhufdkv zbcjvB

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5/218 bQ)

59

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dhlzfk vybf, nmfdLv iv mfpfv dbmGfB iaHxdk jmG LmG W bfufskv znDtf
sHsh zfdhjfv jsvsY; pfv sjfb ltDt zffr zhkDBG jsvb db.
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kfvf pdl nffv (sofnfi ufkDq jiajfv rftft uv) oskG iashw jsv ksh
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skfmfslv iChhkDG ufdkv isKv zbcnvB jvsh uckfv idvmfsiv mk (icvficdv
Jfsi-Jfsi), skfmvf iK Hct jvsh bf hQ kfvfW skfmfslvsj (ns jvsk)
Hct jvsh bf. mbdj kfvf pdl wcj zKhf bvm ifqJfbf Jfq kfrst skfmvfW
kf (kfslv zbcnvsB `db IAfwb' msb jsv) Jfsh!' (zft-dhlf zbXbfrXqcA
zfbrf, hsb zppfrX 71ix}, kfbhDr dtt zfhnfv 172 ix})

60

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(9) jfwXIX W i

j swaBDv iDv, lvshw, IjDv hf nCIDslv lfhD sp, kfslv dbje bfdj h
dhNsq zffrv kvI sKsj jfwXI rq; spmb zffrv bhDv iadk zrD rskf.
zfhfv zsbsj nsi hf ufoakfhfq zffr zKhf kf]v ndrk nf[f{ jsv
nvfndv DbD W bfufskv fb hQ iK zuGb jsv Kfsj! zfv v rfWqftfq
bkcb-bkcb DbD zfyfv-zbcfb zfdhjfv jsv Kfsj. wcLc kf bq hvQ kfvf
dbsq ohGW jsv, kfslv fb (?)sj djkfh W ncfrv fsbv iv swak
slq, djkfh W ncfrv zfstsmv iadk jcde srsb hst, `skfmfslv nbl ( hBGbf
nC) skf j mxk hAd rsk ziv j mxk hAd. dj zfmvf nvf-ndv zffr
vct zftfmDsbv dbje rsk tXm oarB jsv Kfdj.' kf kfslv nbsl kfvf
hst, `zfmfv iaHc rsk zfmfv rlq zfmfsj hqfb jsvsY sp, -----.'
hst, `skfmfslv djkfhD tXm, zfv zfmfslv jfthD tXm; jtsh jtsh
hfskbD tXm! smZtHDvf skf ifbfdv ifkfv mk ifdbv (tXsmv) iv sHsn
shVfq, zfmvf ifdbv (tXsm) oHDsv iashw jdv ----' kAfdl hcdt zfWsV
djkfh W ncfr sYsV DbD dhLfsbv kxkDq {nvsi kfslv msbv mfbn jibf
W Hfhfshosj swa jfvfmk hst ufdrv jsv hQ h z kfslv sn
jfidbj jKfv zbcnvB jsv dbsuslvsj jxkfKG msb jsv zKy kfvf
nhGbfwoa dhlzfkD.

(10) pqDI W uft rflDsnv iv dHdjvB

zdLjfQw dhlzfkDvf lChGt rflDsnv iv dHd jsv dhlzfk (zfmt) jsv

Kfsj. Lvsbv rflDn hAfijHfsh iayfv jsv Kfsj. v fvf kfslv dtdJk
djkfshv jsthvW hxd jsv Kfsj zKy dEj j nmsq h nQJAj nrDr
rflDnsj vl jsv Kfsj. kfv iv zfmt jvsk zucrfk siw jsv hst, `
rflDn znCstv sJtfI', zKhf `Wef Jhsv Wqfsrl' kAfdl. zfv Lvsbv
sJf]Vf Wusv jk nck hvQ Wqfsuh kAfo jsv hsn.
zfhfv iadkhfl jsv pdl Wslvsj htf rq sp, sp rflDsnv iv dHd jsv
zfmt jvsYb kf skf pqDI zKhf mWpc'. kJb Wvf kfv iakcAsv mb jKf

dhlzfk liGB

61

hst pf zKGrDb. spmb hst sp, `Ifpfsqst zf'mfst pqDI rflDsnv iv

zfmt ytsh' kAfdl. zKy jKf wkGrDb bq. (slJcb } kfbhD dtt zfhnfv)
mcrfsnDb W znCdtqADbslb dbje pKffsb dbdlG wkGfhtDv ndrk
Ifpfsqst zfmfst pqDI rflDn fvf zfmt jvf pfq. jKfv iv lcde
zfidmCtj debD vsqsY.
(1) d rsk zsbsj `nfLfvB' hf `hAfij' zKG hcsU Kfsj. msb jsv
sp, zfmst tfmfslv msLA sjfb mkfSbjA sb. zKy vjmef bq hvQ
kfsk dhdlk mksHl hkGmfb pf dhdH rflDsnv ifdvHfdNj (znCstrflDsnv)
oa mCsr dhwlHfsh zfstfdyk. spmb zffmf wfqJ ufmftcDb jfsnmD (v})
kfv oa (jfWqfsqlct rflDsn) zfstfybf jsvsYb.
dkdb 113 ixfq mfmosBv j ufmfzfk sKsj bjt jsvb sp, kf]vf
zflsi pqDI rflDn fvf zfmt jvf dEj msb jvskb bf. spmb, hsb mfb,
hcJfvD, mcndtm, zfhc hfjv hbct zfvfhD iaHxdkoB. ]slv msLA hsb rfpXm
zbAkm; dkdb kfv oa `zft-dmtft zbX-dbrft' hstb, `(sn rflDn fvf
zfmt dn rsh) sp rflDnsj iChG W idysmv stfsjvf (zKGf{, h nQJAj
stfj) djQhf njst njt rsk djQhf dhw dhw rsk bhD sKsj hBGbf
jsvsY. dj sp rflDsnv hBGbf-nCs sjfb dmKAfq zdHpc hAd, djQhf sjfb
zmsbfspfoD ofsIt hAd djQhf sjfb idvyqrDb zfk hAd Kfsj, kfrst
sn rflDn (pqDI rWqf nsW kfv) fvf jkj mcndtm hst Kfsj (zfmt
jsv Kfsj). zhwA zfmfslv dbje mb rflDn fvf djYc htf (hf zfmt jvf),
kf nkA ufbf hQ kfv djYc zQw oarB jvfW zShL.'
rfsIp hsb vuh dkvdmpDv hAfJAf-oas (2/112)sk hstb, `mfm mcndtm
k]fv nrDr oasv HCdmjfq pf sJ jsvsYb kfv iajfwA zKG hcUfq sp,
kvoDh W kvrDsh (zbcsiavBflfqj W HDdk nfvj)v rflDnW kfv dbje
rsk hBGbf jvf rsh, pfv dbje rsk zfrjfm (jmGfjmG nidjGk)v rflDn
hBGbf jvf rq. (zKGf{ pqDI vfhD rsk spmb zfrjfsmv rflDn hBGbf jvf rq
bf, skmdb sn vfhD rsk kvoDh W kvrDshv rflDnW hBGbf jvf rsh bf.)
pcso zdkDq mcrfsn zffmf zfthfbD rfsIpffr hstb, ` zdHmk
W dhhfn svsJ zfdm zffrv zfbcokA jdv hQ zdHmskv iadk

62

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mfbcNsj zfrhfb jdv sp, pqDI rflDn fvf zflsi zfmt jvf pfsh bf, bf
Ifpfsqt W mcfrfh zfmst zfv bf zbA djYcsk. jfvB, pqDI rflDn sjfb
dhNsq zdbdyk LfvBf umfq mf (pf dbdykvsi vnCt -v hfBD bfW rsk
ifsv.) (2) hQ zfmfv ufbf msk, tfmfslv dbje ef zdhnQhfdlk. zkh
pdl kf rq, ksh djvsi rflDn fvf zfmt jvfv jKf ShL htf pfq? zKy
zffr zuff kf]v djkfsh jfdLj fsb `LfvBfv' dblfhfl jsvsYb; dkdb hstb,
$Zx d,ut:$# z _ 9$# )u ( 9$# ) t7Ft ) ( A= / m; $tu

zKGf{, Wslv hAfifsv sjfb fb sb, Wvf zbcmfsbv zbcnvB jsv zKy
nskAv dhvs zbcmfsbv (LfvBfv) sjfb mCtA sb. (nCvf bfuXm 28 zfqfk)
zfv zffrv vnCt hstb, skfmvf zbcmfb (LfvBf) jvf rsk hf]y.
zhwA zbcmfb nhsysq hV dmKAf jKf. (hcJfvD W mcndtm)
susb vfJcb sp, zfdm sp vfq Jdkqfv jsvdY kfv iadkis[v dbje
vfsqv dhis[) djkfh W ncfr sKsj sjfb ltDt sb. zhwA ivhkDGpcsov
sjfb zfstm kfv oa `zft-zfudhhfkct Ifsptfr' sk mfnzftfv iv
dbdlG idvsYsl (36-59ix}) W]slv nmKGsb (W zfmfslv zdHmskv
dhvs) ltDt siw jvfv iasyf jsvsYb. dj kf nsW kfslv nis[
zk}is[ jdeW mb ltDt sJ jvsk n[m rbdb, pf skv
ipc! rAf,] ksh djYc mb d k]fslv jfsvf jfsvf dbje rsk bjt
jsvsYb, spdt dhkjG W nmD[fv hfufsv zyt. klXnsW nm
dv djYc djYcsk iviv-dhsvfdLkfW dhlAmfb. spmb, 41 ixfq hbct
mfm rsk bjt jsvb, oVf bq mb pqDI rflDn fvf drhfh iamfdBk
rsh. zk}iv 55-56 ixfq uftftcDb lfWqfbD rsk bjt jsvb, dkdb
hstsYb, jKf nhGnmk sp, pqDI rflDn fvf wvDqskv `zfrjfsm Jfmnfr'
(zKGf{ Wqfsuh, mcrfh, mchfr, mjvr W rfvfm) iamfdBk rsh bf hQ Wv
msLA drhfhW.
(2) zsbsj hst Kfsj sp, `jnm jsv htsk ifvsh sp, pqDI rflDn vnCstv d bq! sv
htf pfq sp, kf htf pfsh bf dEj. dj jnm jsv W htsk ifvf pfsh bf sp, `pqDI rflDn
kf]v d.' nckvfQ ndlrfb dhlAmfb, pf kAfo jvf m hQ iChGnkGkfmCtj jmG.

dhlzfk liGB

63

zfdm (zfthfbD) hdt, jKfef ndEj! spsrkc zbcmfb fvf zfmt dbdN
hQ pqDI rflDn zdbdyk zbcmfb hf LfvBf nxd jsv, spmb iCshG zfstfdyk
rsqsY.'
smfe jKf, Ifpfsqst zf'mft htsk mb zfmt pfv IpDtk zfsY, kf
pqDI rflDsnvivdHd jsv jvf pfsh bf. jvst kf dhlzfk hst oBA
rsh. spsrkc pqDI rflDn fvf sjfb zfrjfm hf zfmt (zbcvi sjfb
zfjDlfW) nfhA rq bf. ksh mb zfmt pf nrDr fvf iamfdBk rsqsY kfv
IpDtk hBGbfq zfmt jvf pfq, ksh kfvW wkG zfsY pf isv htf rsh.
lfrvBnvi, yfsv bfmfp nrDr rflDn fvf iamfdBk. (mcndtm) dj kfv
IpDtk ians j rflDsn htf rsqsY sp, sp hAd bfmfp iVsh kfv ifi
nmCslav sIbfv nmfb rstW [mf jsv slWqf rsh. (zfhc lfl, dkvdmpD, hsb mfufr)
zbA j rflDsn htf rsqsY, sp hAd dbqdmk hfsvf vfjzfk yfsv bfmfp
isV, kfv ubA zffr ifj shsrs j snfbfv mrt SkvD jsvb. (dkvdmpD,

hsb mfufr)

zfv lcde rflDn pqDI. yfsv bfmfspv IpDtk dhwfsn (W]slv msk)
kf hAhrfv jvf pfq.
zbcviHfsh jcvhfbD jvf W kfv mpGflf jcvzfb W ncfrsk iamfdBk kfv
IpDtk hBGbfq (W]slv msk djYc wskGv nfsK) jcvhfbDv iwcv iaskAj stfsmv
idvhskG j jef sbjD--. rflDn kAfdl hAhrfv jvf pfq.
dhNsq wfqJct ntfm hsb kfdmqAfr (v}) hstb, `wvDqsk pqDI
rflDnsj dHd jvf ShL bq, pf nrDr hf rfnfb bq. dj mfm zfrmfl dhb
rft iaHxdk tfmfoB Ifpfsqst zf'mfst nfshk (iamfBdn) hst ufbf bf
pfq mb rflDn hBGbf jvfsj ufsqp hstsYb, pdl kf ( pqDI rflDn) dmKAf
hst ufbf bf pfq ksh.
zKGf{, pJb ufbf pfsh sp, zfmt wvqD (nrDr) ltDt fvf dhsLq hQ kfv
IpDtsk mb rflDn hdBGk rq pf dmKAf (mWpc') hst ufbf pfq bf, kfrst
(rflDsn hdBGk) nWqfh nkA rsk ifsv ( dhhfn jvf pfq). dj mfmosBv
sj jKf hstbdb sp, pqDI rflDn fvf sjfb djYcsj Wqfsuh zKhf
mcfrfh jvf pfsh. zfv sp jKf hst sn umf' (nhGhflDnmdk)v dhsvfdLkf

64

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jsv. klbcvi, sjfb wvqD (nrDr) ltDt YfVf sjfb djYcsj rfvfm jvfW
zShL. dj pdl (sjfb nrDr rflDn fvf) kfv rfvfm rWqfv jKf dhdlk rq
hQ jfsuv jkGfv ubA wfd hf dkvfsvv jKf sjfb mb (lchGt) rflDsn hdBGk
rq - pf dmKAf hst ufbf bf pfq - ksh kf ( wfdv dhhfsn) hBGbf jvf ShL.
zbcviHfsh kvoDh W kvrDsh vi rflDn hBGbf jvf ShL rsh; pdl kf
dmKAf (oVf) hst idvdyk bf rq. dj jKf ufbf uvvD rsh sp, zffr
dhNsq zfk-idvyq rflDn YfVf zbA sjfb dkDq (nrDr) ltDst kvoDh
hBGbf jsvsYb.
zbcviHfsh nvfdtqfkW kvoDh W kvrDsh hBGbf jvf pfq; pdl kf dmKAf
hst dhdlk bf rq hQ pJb ufbf pfq sp, dhNsq zffr ifj zfmfslv
wvDqsk zfslw lfb jsvsYb zKhf dbsNL jsvsYb. dj sjhtmf ziamfdBk
(zwc) nvfdtqfk fvf zfmfslv wvDqk iamfB jvf rsh - jKf sjfb
zfstm hstb bf. hvQ mfmoB LvsBv sjfb rflDnsj wvDqskv hcdbqfl
jsvb bf. zfrmfl dhb rft hQ kfv mk sjfb mfm wvDqsk Lvsbv
rflDsnv iv dbHGv (dHd) jvskb bf. sp hAd bjt jsv sp, zfrmfl
pqDI rflDnsj k (hf ltDt) jvskb; sp rflDn nrDr hf rfnfb bq, ksh
dbyq sn k]fv nisjG Hct hst.' (zft jfsqlfkct uftDqfr 82 ix}, mumczf IfkfWqf 1/251 bQ)
zffmf zfrmfl wfsjv `zft-hfsqNct rfNDN' oas (101 ixfq) hstb,
`zfrmfl dhb rft, zfcv vfrmfb dhb mfrlD hQ zfcfr dhb mchfvj (v})
v d, `pJb zfmvf rftft W rfvfsm (zfrjfsm) rflDn hBGbf jdv, kJb
jVfjdV jdv hQ pJb Ifpfsqt kAfdlsk hBGbf jdv kJb SwdKtA jdv--.'
zfmfv msk -zfr zf'tfm- kf]slv htfv swA sp, SwdKtA sjht
rfnfb rflDn oarsB jvskb pf `nrDr' v luGfq si]ZsY bf. jfvB nrDr W
rfnfsbv mfsU ifKGjAvi idvHfNf kf]slv pcso i dk dYt bf. hvQ
zdLjfQw iCGhhkDGoB rflDnsj sjht nrDr zKhf pqDI ( lc iajfv) hst
msb jvskb.
nckvfQ kf]slv SwdKtA pqDI rflDn hBGbfq bq, rfnfb rflDn hBGbfq.)
zffmf zfthfbD hstb, `zfmfv dbje v dkDq hAfJAf vsqsY, kfslv
sdJk SwdKtA nbfl (hBGbf nC)nr pqDI rflDn svWqfqfk jvfv iv

dhlzfk liGB

65

mfbf pfq - spmb kfslv hBGbfv Lfvf W iajxdk; sp nbfl nmCsrv mfLAsm
rflDsnv lchGtkf ufbf nHh rq. nckvfQ sjhtmf nbl sJ jvf psK
rq hQ `pqDI' hst dhhxk jvfv iasqfub zfv Kfsj bf. dj LvsBv rflDn
dhbf nbsl hBGbf jvf -spmb ivhkDGjfst tfmfosBv Lfvf W iajxdk hQ kfv
lchGtkf hBGbf bf jvf -spmb W]slv zdLjfQswv vDdk - mb idk zhtb
jvf sKsj kf]vf (mfm zfrmfl iaHxdkoB) h sLG hQ dhNsq kf]vf
zffrsj zdLj Hq jvskb. zfv zffr zdLj ufsbb.'
(2) sp hAd LvsBv sjfb oa dtsJb pfsk syfJ hcsu nrDr-pqDI nh
nQjtb jsvb hQ msb jsvb sp, djYc wskGv nfsK pqDI rflDn fvf Ifpfsqst
zf'mfst zfmt jvf pfq kf]v dyk, oasv HCdmjfq sn dhNsq (nfLfvBsj)
nkjG jvf hQ wkGfhtD sJ jsv (sn zbcpfqD) zfmt jvsk nfhLfb
jvf. pfsk ifEjW zufs oas sdJk iaskAj rflDsnv iv zfmt hQ
mchfsoW oa wcdbsq njtsj zfmt jvfv kfjDl bf jsv hsn. Ist njstv
zufs njst vnCstv dhsvfdLkfq zfdt bf rsq isV.
nckvfQ wkGdtsj ufbf jf uvvD; dhswN jsv kfslv ubA pfvf
Ifpfsqst pqDIsj hAhrfv jsv Kfsj. pfsk sp sj LQn rsh sn spb
nkAfnkA i ufbfv iv LQn rq hQ sp uDdhk Kfjsh sn spb nkAfnkA
i ufbfv iv uDdhk Kfsj.
rfsIp nfJfhD `zft-jWtct hflD' (195 ix})sk kfv Wfl rfsIp hsb
rfufv sKsj wkGdt bjt jsvsYb hQ kf dbbvi }(j) rflDn spb Jch shwD pqDI bf rq. zKhf kfv hBGbfgnCs spb sjfb
dmKAfhflD, dmKAfq jtdk hf zdHpc hQ mfvfkj de jsv mb hAd bf
Kfsj.
(J) kf spb (wvDqskv) `nfLfvB dHdv' zHGc rq. zKGf{ sjhfsv
dHdrDb oVf hf uft rflDn bf rq.
(o) rflDn fvf zfmt jvfv nmq spb kf iamfdBk (hf wc) rflDn hst
dhhfn bf vfJf rq. pfsk bhD -v ndrk sn nijG bf sufVf rq; pf dkdb
hstbdb.
zk}iv dkdb hstb swsNf wkG lcde hsb zfcn nftfm W hsb lfjDjct

66

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l rsk hdBGk hQ iaKsmfsv ubA zftf hstb, `kf nhGhfdlnmk.'

hsb rfufv (v}) kf]v icdjf `kfhqDbct zfuh' hstb, `zfrst tXmoB
Ifpfsqst pqDI rflDn hAhrfv jvsk zbcmdk dlsqsYb; pdl kf oVf bf rq hf
Jch shwD pqDI bf rq - jKfde iadn. dj v ndrk wkGW zfsvfi jvf
dyk sp, zfmtjfvD spb rflDndesj pqDI hst dhhfn vfsJ (wc msb bf
jsv) hQ kf spb iayfv bf jsv. pfsk sj spb pqDI rflDn fvf zfmt jsv
pf wvDqk bq kfsj wvDqk jsv bf hsn zKhf sjfb ufsrt kfsj zfmt
jvsk slsJ kf nrDr ncfk msb bf jsv hsn.
dhNsq zfhc mcrfmfl hsb zfcn nftfm iaHxdk tfmfoB dhhxdk
dlsqsYb. pfsk mfbcN zffrv vnCt -v sn hfBDv ipGfqHc bf rsq isV
pfsk dkdb hstb, sp hAd zfmfv kvI sKsj sjfb mb rflDn hBGbf jsv
pfv dhNsq sn msb jsv sp kf dmKAf, kfrst sn (hBGbfjfvD) dmKAfhflDslv
jub. (mcndtm, nrDt ufsm' 6199bQ)
nckvfQ sp zfmt jvsh kfv zhf dj? zfrjfm zKhf Ifpfsqst (pqDI)
rflDn fvf zfmt jvfq sjfb ifKGjA sb. (zKGf{ pdl pqDI rflDn fvf
zfrjfm hf rftft W rfvfsm zfmt bf yst ksh IfpfsqstW ytsh bf.) jfvB,
(Hsqv) nhef wvDqk.'
zffmf zfthfbD (v}) hstb, ` nm wkGfhtD Jch nc[ W vkiCBG. pdl
pqDI rflDn fvf zfmtjfvDvf v zbcofmD rq, kfrst kfv It rsh sp,
pqDI rflDn fvf zfmstv nDmf nQjDBG rsh zKhf mCst zfmt iadkrk rsh.
v dhvvB dkbHfsh slWqf pfq}iaKmk} iaKm wkGde dbslGw jsv sp, sp rflDnsj dHd jsv zfmt jvfv
Yf rsh sn rflDndev iajxk zhf ufbf Wqfsuh. pfsk shwD pqDI rst
kfv fvf zfmt jvf sKsj lCsv Kfjf nHh rsh. dj iaskAj rflDsnv iv
fb tfH ubnfLfvsBv is[ Jch jnfLA. spsrkc rflDnwfdhl tfmfv
nQJAf sbrfk jm, dhswN jsv hkGmfb pcso. zKGf{, (sn tfmfv nQJAf boBA
pf]vf kKAfbcnfbjfvD (nm rflDsnv nkAfnkA pfyfjfvD) oshNBf W
nmD[fjfvD rflDn dhwfvl, pf]vf vnCt rsk wc iadkifdlk rflDn hAkDk
stfjslv ubA zbA sjfb rflDn idvshwb W hBGbf jsvb bf hQ pqDI (kKf

dhlzfk liGB

67

kfv dbmmfsbv) rflDsnv iv njtsj nkjG W nfhLfb jsv Kfsjb. hvQ

oasiv tfmf zsiv sysq jm. nckvfQ zffr nfrfpAt.
v jfvsB slsJshb, pfvf rflDn fvf zfmst zfiloa rsqsY kfvf
wskGv i dhsvfdLkf jsv. kfslv sj pdlW hf sn zrflDsnv zfstm rq Ifpfsqst zf'mfst sjfb rflDn ufbf mf kf zdLj lchGtkf sKsj mc djbf
kf bf susb kfv iv zfmt jvfq kvfdbk rq. viv pdl sj kfsj
rflDsnv lchGtkfv iv nkjG jsv, ksh wDOa kKfjdKk `jfqlfv' wvBfi
rq; Ifpfsqst zf'mfst pqDI rflDn hAhrfv jvf pfq. icby pJb
wskGv jKf nvB jdvsq slWqf rq, kJb v bf dlsq yci sKsj pfq.'
dhNsq zffmf lcde lfrvB siw jsvb }
(1) nshfG{jx dlb zfvfIfv dlb; pdl ucmzfv dlsbv mckfshj rq ksh kf
nv r zsi[f m. (vfpDb)
rflDndev ians zffmf wfqJ zftD zft-jfvD hstb, `djYc mcrfsnDb
hstb sp, rflDsnv nbflde pqDI, kf ndEj mfbf sostW sswA sjfb
[dk rq bf. spsrkc pqDI rflDn Ifpfsqst zf'mfst oarBDq hQ zffmf
zfhct rfnfbfk tJbhD jKf bjt jsv hrft jsvsYb. (zft zfudhhfkct
Ifsptfr 37 ix})

dj Hfhfv dhNq sp, djvsi wafHfub zfstmlq ipGc wkG tQOb

jsvsYb. zKhf dbyq kf]vf rflDsnv nbslv iajxk zhf nisjG zhdrk
dYstb bf. Kfjst zhwA kf dhhxk jsvkb hQ kfv idvhskG dhkjG Yst
`kf mfbf sostW' jKf htskb bf. zKy zffmf hbct jfsqm rflDn
ians mhA jsv hstb, `hfdkt, vnCtcfr rsk Wv sjfb dHd sb, zfv
bf sjfb nfrfhD hf kfshqD rsk.' (pflct mfzfl 1/17)
(2) pJb skfmvf rflDn dtJsh, kJb skfmvf kfv nbl nr dtJ. pdl kf
nkA rq, kfrst skfmvf nWqfshv zQwDlfv rsh. zfv pdl kf hfdkt rq,
kfrst kfv ifi kfv (hBGbfjfvDv) rsh.' (zft zfudhhfkct Ifsptfr } 26ix})
rflDnde mWpc' (oVf rflDn). (slJcb } dntdntfkc zfrflDdnp pqDIfr zt
mWpczfr 822bQ) klnsW wasq tJbhD nfsrh v iv yci sKsjsYb.
jfvB, efW Ifpfsqst zf'mft kf! zKy de mb jde rflDn pf pqDI W

68

dhlzfk liGB

uft rflDn iayfv jvsk W kfv iv zfmt jvsk njtsj zbciafdBk jsv.
pfv mmGfKG rsY bjtjfvDv sjfb ifi sb. zKy mb LfvBf zfrst tXmslv
bDdkv idviD. spsrkc kf]slv bDdk sp, oVfv jKf dhhxk bf jsv sjfb
oVf rflDn hBGbf jvf ufsqp bq. klbcvi pKfKGkf pfyfjfvD nQfvj
tfmf; spmb hsb drfb iaHxdkosBv dbje pqDI rflDnW (kfv lchGtkf
sJ bf jsv hBGbf ShL bq).
zffmf zfrmfl wfsjv ipGc dkbde wkGfhtD sJ jvf nhGfhfq
Wqfsuh. jfvB, kf sJ bf jvst ifEj zKhf swafkfv LfvBf rq sp, kf
nrDr dhswN jsv, bjtjfvD zKhf hBGbfjfvD pdl tfmfsq rflDsnv msLA sj
rb (zKhf Dsbv hcpcoG rb W nmfsu mfbA rb); pf]v iadk njst rflDn dhNsq
vuc jsv. spsrkc pqDI rflDn oarB bf jvfq zfrjfsm W Ifpfsqst zf'mft
kAfdlv msLA sjfb ifKGjA sb. hvQ nrDr hf rfnfb - pf vnCt sKsj
wcvsi iamfdBk rsqsY - kf hAkDk sjfb djYcsk jfsvf k hf ltDt
sb.' (mcJkfnfv zft-hfsqNct rfNDN 101ix})
zffmf zfthfbD hstb, `nfv jKf sp, wskGv iftb jfpGk} sp rflDn
(wc hf nrDr hst) iadkifdlk bq, sn rflDn fvf zfmt kAfo jvsk hfLA
jsv. jfvB, nfLfvB mfbcsNv is[ (pqDI hf lchGt rflDsnv) `zdLj lchGtkf
ufbf (W dydrk jvf) jdEb. Itk} wkGfsvfi jvfv zKG W sswAv
ndrk pf zfmvf Jdkqfv jsvdY kfv iafq dmt vsqsY hQ snef d.
dkDqk} dkDq wkG sKsj jKf hcUf pfq sp, iajxkis[ zfmt pqDI
rflDn fvf bq, hvQ `nfLfvB dHd' bf Kfjst (jcvzfb hf nrDr ncfr rsk
zfmstv mCt hcdbqfl bf Kfjst) pqDI rflDn fvf zfmt rq bf. zkh
jKf iakDqmfb rq sp, wskGv ndrk pqDI rflDn fvf zfmt jvf
zfifklx, hk} bq. zfv snef zHD.
kxkDqk} kxkDq wkGde rflDsnv lchGtkf ufbf uvvD rWqfv hAfifsv
iaKm wskGv zbcvi. pfsk zfmtjfvD kf (nrDr) iamfdBk hst dhhfn bf
jsv hsn. zKy dhdlk sp, pfvf Ifpfsqst pqDI rflDnsj dHd jsv zfmt
jsv kfslv zdLjfQw rflDsnv lchGtkf sysb bf. zfv ef sswAv
dhivDk.

dhlzfk liGB

69

idvswsN Ct jKf sp, zfmvf iafyA W iakDsyAv mcndtm ub nfLfvBsj

islw jdv sp, kf]vf spb pqDI rflDn fvf zfmt jvf zflsi kAfo jsvb
hQ bhD sKsj iamfdBk (nrDr hf rfnfb) rflDn fvf zfmt jvsk slAfoD
rb. spsrkc kfsk pf zfsY pqDI rflDn sKsj zmcJfsi[D jsv. (zfmstv
ubA kf psK.) zfv Wef vnCt -v iv dmKAf htfq zfidkk rWqf (W
dbsuv dEjfbf ufrffm jsv sbWqf) sKsj h]fyfv iK. jfvB, zfmvf zfmfslv
zdHkfq ufdb sp, pfvf dhNsq dhvfyvB jsv kfvf dmKAfhfdlkfq
nQdw rsq isV. spsrkc kfvf iaskAj nht-lchGt (hQ uft W oVf) rflDn
(hQ zsbj s[s wcLcmf sjYf-jfdrbDsj rflDn LfvBf jsv kfv fvf)
zfmt jsv Kfsj. zKy bhD (v iadk dk jsv) hstb, mfbcsNv
dmKAfhfdlkfv ubA kecjc psK sp, sn pf swfsb (zbcviHfsh pf isV) kfv
nhef hBGbf jsv. (mcndtm)
zfv v isv hdt mfbcsNv kfv ubA kecjc psK sp, sn pf swfsb
(hf isV) kfv nhefv iv (dhyfv-dhshj bf jsv) zfmt jsv. (spsrkc
yjyj jvst snfbf rq bf.) (lahA} nrDrt ufsmn nfoDv, HCdmjf 49-56ix},
kfmfmct dmfr, HCdmjf)

dhlzfk W dhlzfkDv idvBfm

(1) dhlzfk jcIXsvv FfjOv. dhlzfkDslv h dIjGf kfslv dhlzfskv

mfLAsm jcIsv siZ]sY jfsIv rsq sosY; pdlW hf kfvf dbsuslv idvyq mcndtm
hst dlsq Kfsj. spmb `jfsmt iDv hf lvshw'slv iv sKsj wvqD hb
kcst sbWqf, kfslvsj zffrv djYc ShdwsA (spmb, ofsqh ufbf, mnDhk lCv
jvf, nfb lfb jvf iaHxdkv hAfifsv) wvDj jvf, kfslv jhv dnulf jvf, hf
kWqfI jvf. jfhDvfr sofbfrjfvD mcndtmsj jfsIv fb jvf kAfdl.
pfvf djYc zfmt W hflk skf jsv dj vi dhlzfskv ifsw sjfb mCtA
sb. zffr ifj hstb,
$Zx gs s9 u!$y_ #s) #Lxm !$t $t9$# 7|ts 7y)/ >#uyx. =ur& (#x2 t%!$#u

zKGf{, pfvf jcIvD jsv (nkA iakAfJAfb jsv) kfslv jmG mvHCdmv mvDdyjfv

70

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bAfq, diifnfKG pfsj ifdb msb jsv; dj sn Wv dbje idk rst slsJ kf
djYc bq. (nCvf bCv 39 zfqfk)
(2) dhlzfkDvf zffrv iv dhbf tXsm zbcmfb-ianCk jKf hst.
nfLfvBk} hfskbD lfhDlfvvf svfsov svfoD. pfvf jtsh fbfuGb jsv Kfsj,
jcvzfb rflDn W kInDsvv tXsm sjfb iajfsvv zbcvfo iajfw jsv bf,
ntsIv iK ufbfv sjfb Yf vfsJ bf. hvQ mboVf hfskbD tXm fvf i W
idvjdik jfwXI fvf hQ dw v zdLj ifvf jcvzfb (?) fvf Hslv
msbfvb jsv Kfsj. wvDqskv sLG sKsj mfsvIkDv lfhD jsv nhjfsu ICdkG
mfsv. zfv nshv mfLAsm iajxk tXm YfVf zffr W klDq vnCstv iv
rtfrt dmKAf hst. pf hflfv ubA jsEfvHfsh dbdN. (nCvf zf'vfI 33 zfqfk)
mrfb zffr dbu bhDv ubA hstb,
$ys t?u9$# $uss)s9 O u9$$/ $ts{{ $s%F{$# ut/ $sn=t ts)s? s9u
tfxm t >tnr& i 3

zKGf{, sn pdl djYc vybf jsv zfmfv bfsm yftfsk syf jvk, ksh zfdm
kfsj jsEfv rs lmb jvkfm hQ kfv jdwvf sjse dlkfm, kJb
skfmfslv sj kfsj v[f jvsk ifvk bf. (nCvf rffr 44-49 zfqfk)
zffrv vnCt hstb, sp hAd Yfjxk zfmfv iv dmKAf hst, sn spb
dbsuv dEjfbf ufrffm hfdbsq sbq. (hcJfvD W mcndtm)
zbcviHfsh dwjG W jcIvDv mCtW zffrv bfsm dmKAf vybf. spsrkc mcwdvj
zHfsh msb jsv sp, sn pfv iCuf jsv sn mf'hCl kfsj zffrv dbjehkDG
jvsh, k]fv nfmDiA lfb jvsh, kf]v dbje ncifdvw jvsh hQ znDtf hf mfLAm
rsq kf]v dbje sKsj kfv iasqfub dmefsh. nh zmCtj LfvBf kfv jibfianCk. kf iaskAj mcwdvj zffrv iv dmKAf LfvBf W vybf jsv Kfsj.
zfv vi LfvBf W zbcmfb dhlzfkDsj dhlzfsk {nfdrk jsv.
(mflfsvucn nfstjDb)

zfv sp hAd zffr ns dmKAf vybf jsv djQhf kf]v dblwGbnmCrsj

iakAfJAfb jsv kfv zsi[f hV zkAfyfvD zfv sj? (nCvf zf'vfI 37 zfqfk)
(3) dhlzfkDvf ncfr W zfrst ncfrv iadk dbkf dhsN W OxBf sifNB

dhlzfk liGB

71

jsv. sefHfsh dbsuslvsj `zfrst ncfr' hQ iajxk zfrst ncfrsj

`jfsIv', `WqfrfhD' kAfdl hst. `zjfv hst, zfstf kcdm br Hfstf!'
dhlzfkDvf zfrst ncfrsj dhdHHfsh zihfl dlsq ml bfsm zdHdrk
jsvsY. spmb mfv mcwsvjDbvf diaq bhD -sj dhdH zihfl dlsq sj
hstdYt, `pflcjv', sj hstdYt, `oBj', sj hstdYt, `jdh', sj hstdYt
`ifot', sj hstdYt `dhjfv oa', zfhfv sj hstdYt, `dmKAfvybfjfvD
dmKAcj' kAfdl. zKy dkdb nh zihfl sKsj idh dYstb.
zffr hstdYstb,
W7y sttGo (#=s t$sWF{$# y7s9 (#/u y#x. $#

zKGf{, slJ Wvf skfmfv ubA dj imf slq Ist Wvf iK rsq sosY hQ
Wvf iK ifsh bf. (nCvf nvf 48 zfqfk)
klbcvi zfrst ncfr hf nftfIDoBW pfhkDq zihfl sKsj idh. spsrkc
kfvf t ncfr, nsfNHfub ydv, nvt iK hQ w, yCVf W zjfeA
ltDstv Lfvj W hfrj. zffr zfpXpf zufX pfslvsj k]fv djkfh W zrDhfBDv zbcnvB hQ kf]v vnCstv ydvkflswGv zbcjvB jvfv kWIDj W siavBf
lfb jsvsYb. pfvf kf]v zbcjvsB mfbcNsj n{jKf W jfsuv dbslGw hQ zn{
jKf W jfsu hfLf lfb jsv Kfsj hQ uDhsbv iadk mcrCskG kf]v ydvk W
ncfrv zbcnfvD Kfsj. pfslv h[ kf]v siasm hQ kf]v wvDqskv mfmoB W
kf]v mskv tfmfosBv mrsk nlf iaw. zfv pfvf sp ufdksj
Hfstfhfsn kfvf djqfmsk kfslv nD rsh. ('dkjflc zfrdtt rflDn)
(4) iCshG zfstfdyk rsqsY sp, dhzfkDslv zfmt vdrk, spsrkc Db iCBGf
hQ sp jfsu djkfh hf ncfrv sjfb dbslGw sb kf jvf kf hQ v
idvBfm ufrffm. dhlzfkDslv dbvKGj smrbk hQ shjfv jmGjfsv sjfb
ifdvwadmj, iadklfb W ncIt sb. zffr uff wfbcr hstb,
r& t7|ts u $u9$# 4uut:$# y | t%!$# ur& tyzF{$$/ lm7t y %
$ tt

zKGf{, ht zfdm dj skfmfslvsj kfslv nQhfl slh, pfvf jsmG (zfmst)

dhswN [dkoa? Wvf kfvf, ifdKGh uDhsb pfslv iasyf i rq, pdlW kfvf

72

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msb jsv sp, kfvf n{jmG jvsY. (nCvf jfrXI 103-104 zfqfk)
(5) dhlzfkDslv nmU dhivDk mcJD rsq pfq. utfk svfsov mk jciahxd
kfslv dwvf-idwvfq fbfdLjfv jsv hsn. Ist Hfstfsj ml hQ mlsj
Hfstf vsi slsJ Kfsj. dhlzfksj ncfk hQ ncfksj dhlzfk fb jsv
Kfsj. dhlzfkDsj WtD hQ ncDsj `jfsIv' sHsh Kfsj. hfdtqfsj
zfWdtqf hQ mcfjDb zfWdtqfsj (tXsmv) sldtqf msb jsv. pfslv dbje
sjfb k W ltDt ItianC rq bf. bhDv zfslw mfbsk hQ iajxk
zfWdtqfslv W ltDt iK zbcnvB jvsk htst hst, `skfmfslv bhD W
zfWdtqfslv iK zbcnvB jvsk htst hst, `skfmfslv bhD W zfWdtqfslv
iadk sjfb zflh W mrkj sb.' rflDn W zfqfk fvf jcvzfsbv kInDv
jvsk sost hst, `skfmvf jcvzfb hcU bf, jcvzfb mfb bf.' iafq nh hAfifsv
`ef hcdUt vfm.'
(6) sp dhlzfk jvst mfbcN jfsIv rsq pfq sn dhlzfskv dhlzfkD hQ
kfv iadk zfrhfbjfvD dhlzfkDv svWqfqfk (rflDsnv hBGbf) oarB spfoA bq.
spmb, kfv nfd[W zoarBspfoA.
(7) zdLjfQw dIkbfv iyfsk sjfb bf sjfb dhlzfkDv rfk Kfsj hQ
dhlzfkDvf shwDvHfo dIkbfq zfidkk rsq Kfsj. kfslv jfvsB Hqfhr
dhwxJtf nxd rq. mb dIkbfv nxd rq pfsk h mfbcN nAfq mcdmb Kfsj,
njfst jfsIv rsq pfq hQ njfst mcdmb Kfjst, nAfq jfsIv rsq pfq.
nfmfbA ifdKGh nfsKGv dhdbmsq vf Dbsj dhq jsv slq.
dhlzfk Db W nmfsuv hV dIkbf. hsb mfnl hstb, `skfmfslv
kJb dj zhf rsh, pJb dIkbf skfmfslvsj zfYfdlk jsv sbsh? pfsk hV
hx rsh hQ sYfe iadkifdtk (rsq hV) rsh. mfbcN pfsj ncfr msb jvsh.
pJb kf (dIkbf hf dhlzfk) zinfdvk jvf rsh kJb stfsjvf htsh, `ncfk
zinfdvk rt.' jub dufnf jvt, `sr zfhc zfcv vrmfb! vi jJb
rsh?' dkdb htstb, `pJb skfmfslv jfvDv nQJAf zdLj rsh hQ IjDr
(zdH zfstmslv) nQJAf jm rsh, skfmfslv sbkfv nQJAf hxd ifsh hQ
zfmfbklfsvv nQJAf jsm pfsh W zfsJvfskv jmG fvf lcdbqfv nil zsbNB
jvf rsh. (lfsvmD 1/64 bQ)

dhlzfk liGB

73

mfm mfstfsjv dbje j hAd sn htt, `sr zfhc zfcfr! sjfssj

rvfm hf]Lh?' dkdb htstb, `pcttfIf sKsj; spJfb sKsj vnCtcfr
rvfm sh]sL dYstb.' stfjde htt, `zfdm mndusl (bhhD) sKsj rvfm
hf]Lsk Yf jvdY.' dkdb htstb, `mbde jsvf bf.' stfjde htt, `zfdm
Yf jvdY sp, mndusl jhsvv dbje sKsj rvfm hf]Lh.' dkdb htstb,
`mbde jsvf bf; jfvB zfdm skfmfv iv dIkbfv Hq jdv.' stfjde htt,
`ef zfhfv sjfb dIkbf? skf jsqjef mft mf shwD jvh!' dkdb
htstb, `sjfb dIkbf v sysq zdLj hV sp, kcdm msb jv, kcdm mb
IpDtskv iadk zoaofmD rsqY, pf rsk vnCt disY sKsj sosYb? zfdm
wcsbdY zffr hstsYb sp,
9r& >#xt z: r& uF z:? r& r& t t9$s t%!$# xsu=s

zKGf{, nckvfQ pfvf kfv zfslswv dhvfyvB jsv kfvf nkjG srfj sp,
dhipGq (dIkbf) zKhf jdEb wfd (zfpfh) kfslvsj oafn jvsh. (nCvf bCv 63)
htf hftA sp, dhlzfkDslv ef rsY mCt hcdbqfl. `Hft dudbn skf.
hfVdk jvst [dk dj?' kfslv zfsjst zbcvi zdkvsb sjfb [dk sb.
dj mfm mfstj (v}) hstb, ef dIkbf.
(8) dhlzfkDv dbje rj W hfdkstv mfsU kftsoft sJsq pfq. jJsbf hf
mhV odrGk jmG slsJ yci sKsj smZbnmdk ufbfq. zfhfv jJsbf sYfe dhNsq
sjfmv sh]sL tsV. jJsbf nfmfbA dhNqsj hV hQ hV dhNqsj kcY fb jsv.
kf jJsbf mcndtmslv ufb W mftsj rftft msb jsv kfslvsj rkAf jsv.
hQ jJsbf mwf mfvfW rfvfm Hfsh. dhdH jcnQfvdlsj Db Hfsh. pflc W
wqkfbD jmGjfsj jfvfmk fb jsv. Ist kfslv zhf dEj hfbD
naftslv mk rq; pfslvsj swA jsv zffr kfzftf hstsYb,
ts>s? Fr&u ,ys9$# (#G3s?u t79$$/ ,ys9$# (#6=s? u

zKGf{, skfmvf nkAsj dmKAfv nfsK dmdwak jsvf bf hQ susb-sb nkA

sofib jsvf bf. (nCvf hfjfvfr 42 zfqfk)
(9) dhlzfkD zdHwfi spfoA. klbcvi sp hAd sjfb dhlzfkDv nrfqkf W
ixsifNjkf jsv kfv isvW zffr dIdvfmtD hQ njt mfbcsNv

74

dhlzfk liGB

zdHwfi.
diaq bhD hstb, mlDbfq v sKsj nWv ipG rfvfm. sp hAd kfv msLA
sjfb zijmG jvsh hf lcOGebf Oefsh hf bhvdyk jmG (dhlzfk) jvsh zKhf
mb zijmGjfvD hf dhlzfkDsj fb hf iawaq slsh hf nfrfpA jvsh kfv iv
zffr, dIdvfmtD hQ nmoa mfbhmtDv zdHwfi. zffr djqfmskv dlb
kfv dbje rsk Ivp W bIt sjfb djYc oarB jvshb bf. (hcJfvD, mcndtm 1366bQ)
dkdb zfsvf hstb, zffrv zdHnifk sn hAdv iv sp ofqvfrv
sswA pshr jsv, zffrv zdHnifk sn hAdv iv sp dbu
dikfmfkfsj zdHnifk jsv, zffrv zdHnifk sn hAdv iv sp
sjfb lcjxkjfvD hf dhlzfkDsj zfwaq slq hQ zffrv zdHnifk sn
hAdv iv sp HCdmv (udm-ufqofv) nDmf-dyr idvhkGb jsv. (mcndtm 1978)
(10) dhlzfkD zffrv dpjXv rsk mcJ dIdvsq Kfsj. zfhfv dpjXv jvstW
mboVf vdyk dpjXv mcsJ zfWsV Kfsj. `t-t, -, rf-rf' iaHxdk
zKGrDb w fvf ynsv zfuh dpjXv sesb Kfsj. hvQ Jfsb swN bq;
dpjXsvv nmq kKfjdKk kmqkf W Hfhfshso kfvf dbsuslv slr zfslfdtk
jsv. jfWqftDv nsv W FcoFcdov kfst bfysk Kfsj. hvQ bfvD -icvN j
js[ dpjXv sr]sj Kfsj. jJsbf hf pcsvv kvI sKsj iakAfslw rq,
`msbv zfstf hV zfstf hfsvv zfstf dbHfW sv, msbv ilGf hV ilGf hfsvv
ilGf EfW sv!' zk}iv jfsmstv mudtsn zjfsv shilGfq pf Ose, kf
htf hftA! zhwA sk dhmsqv djYc sb. jfvB, jfsmtslv iv
wvDqskv sjfb hf]Lb zhdw Kfsj bf!!
i[fsv zsbj dhlzfkDv dbje kfslv mboVf dpjXv zfWVfsbf jcvzfb
zsi[f swa. jcvzfb W ncfrsk hdBGk dpjv skf ufsb bf. htsk sost hA
rfsn zKhf mcJ sevf jsv sbq. spsrkc Wslv dbje `djkfhD' dpjXv zsi[f
`jthD' dpjXsv IpDtk shwD. kf jcvzfb idEk rst jBGifk jsv bf zKy
LvsBv dpjv zKhf jfWqftD dpjXsvv s[s mb dlsq jfb tfdosq mfKf drdtsq
swfsb W zfWVfq. mrfb zffr zdhwfnDslv ns hstb,
#s) z%!$# u. #s)u ( uzF$$/ t%!$# >=% Nr'y$# ynu !$# u. #s)u

dhlzfk liGB

75

t;tGo

zKGf{, pfvf ivjfst dhhfn vfsJ bf (kfslv nfmsb) pJb jj zffrv jKf
sJ jvf rq, kJb kfslv zv dhkxfq nQjcdyk rq hQ zffrv
idvhskG zbA jfsvf (kfslv ifnAslv) sJ jvf rst kfvf zfbsl fdnk
rq. (nCvf pcmfv 45 zfqfk)
vf skf sn dhlzfkD pfvf jcvzfb W ncfrv bfm wcbst fb kAfo jvfv
syf jsv. jcvzfb-rflDn wcbsk slv mb ej rsq pfq. jcvzfb W ncfrv
mudtn W utnfq idk rq bf. rstW kfslv iahxdv iadkjCt jKf wcsb
mudtn sYsV itfqb jvsk yfq. mrfb zffr swaBDv mfbcsNv ubA hstb,
uus% Ns utF m r(x. t u.G9$# t m; $ys

zKGf{, Wslv dj rsqsY sp, Wvf islw rsk lCsv nsv isV? Wvf spb HDk olGHlt, pf dnQsrv nmcJ rsk itfqb-iv. (nCvf mcfNXdNv 49-51 zfqfk)
iv mb zsbj dhlzfkD zfsY, pfvf y W nmnsv jJsbf hf tfF
dijfsv dpjXv rf]sj. vf j ns dhlzfk jsv, dvqf jsv, iadkshwDsj j
slq hQ zffrv dpjXsvv iadk mfbcsNv mbsj hDkvfo jsv skfst. zfhfv
kfslv msLA zsbsj ntfmsj sjht dpjXv W Jfbjfv msLA nDmfh vfJsk
yfq hQ zbAfbA mqlfb W idvshsw kfv iasqfubDqkf zbcHh jsv bf!
(11) dhlzfkDslv iaLfb ydvnmCsrv zbAkm ydv nkA sofib jvf.
zfib Hslv dbje jk bAfq W nskAv zitfi Oefq, pf iajfw jvst
kfslv sHl I]fn rsq pfq. sjfb fsKGv Jfdksv ufbf dhNqsj bf ufbfv Hfb
jsv zKhf wfKG sofib jsv zKhf jCefKG hf lCv hAfJAf jsv zKhf mboVf zKG
jsv zfnt nkA sofib jsv. zfv jfsu kfvf jfsIvslv lst wfdmt
rsq pfq, pfslv nisjG zffr hstb,
tG3us9 i $Z)s )u ( u!$s/r& tt $yx. tt |=tG39$# us?#u t9$#
tn=t u ,ys9$#

zKGf{, pfslvsj zfdm djkfh dlsqdY kfvf kfsj (mcrfmfl)sjW skmdb

sysb, spmb kfvf kfslv icslvsj sysb. dj kfslv jlt susbwcsb nkA

76

dhlzfk liGB

sofib jsv Kfsj. (nCvf hfjfvfr 146 zfqfk)

dkdb zfsvf hstb,
$t t/ . thut O !$# zn=2 tyo i ,s t%x. s%u 3s9 (# r& tytGsr&
n=t u =s)t

zKGf{, skfmvf dj zfwf jv sp, Wvf skfmfslv mk mfb zfbsh? zKy

Wslv msLA jlt zffrv hfBD wahB jvk hQ hcUfv iv susb wcsb kf
dhjxk jvk. (nCvf hfjfvfr 75 zfqfk)
zbA dkdb hstb,
y7s9'& =tG39$# $=9 t/ $t t/ . 3y;$#u Muit79$# z $u9ur& !$t tF3t t9$# )
=9$# ]y=tu !$# ]y=t

zKGf{, zfdm sp nh i dblwGb W iKdbslGw zhkDBG jsvdY, mfbcsNv ubA

sJftfJcdtHfsh zfdm djkfsh hA jvfv ivW pfvf njt sofib vfsJ, zffr
kfslvsj zdHwfi jsvb hQ zdHwfijfvDvfW kfslvsj zdHwfi slq.

(nCvf hfjfvfr 159 zfqfk)

zfv diaq bhD hstb, sp hAd sjfb ufbf tXm ians dufdnk rq hQ
kf sofib jsv, zffr djqfmsk kfv mcsJ zfsbv tfofm slshb. (hsb mfufr)

htf hftA sp, sjfb tXm sofib jvf mcndtsmv ubA rfvfm hQ kfv wfd
Hqfbj. zkh sjfb mcfjD WtD dj jsv dj nfrsn sjfb tXm vfJsk
ifsvb? pfsk jKf iakqDmfb rq sp, sjfbW tXm -pfv mfLAsm rivjfst mstv zfwf jvf pfq-kf sb. nh tXm zft-zfmDb bhD ,
kf]v iv kf]v zfmfbklfv nfrfhfsq sjvfm , kf]slv iv kfshqDbhxl (v})
hQ kf]slv zbcofmD zfdtqf W mfmoB iajfw W iayfv jsv sosYb.
hfskbD tXm hst djYc sb; pf zfsY kf Hfdm W kf. hfskbDv bfm dbsq
shfjf mfbcNslvsj sLfjfq sIst Wvf dbsuslv hcpcoGD ufdrv jsv Kfsj mf.
(12) dhlzfskv zbAkm iaHfh sp, dhlzfkD kfv fvf Dsbv snZlpG
dhb jsv hQ kfv zbfdht vsi zfdhtkf zfsb. dhlzfkDslv hdhL
jcnQfv W jc-zfyvB slsJ ntfsmv wvf Dsbv iadk jefs[v ndrk dhlai

dhlzfk liGB

77

rfsb. lvshwDvi, ShvfoD rsq dH[fhxd, bpv-dbqfspv bfsm znlcifsq

Hslv zKGrvB, of]uf kAfdl mfljlahA snhb iaHxdk slsJ njstv msb
ntfsmv iadk dhkxf usm. Ist Dsbv zfntvi yfif isV pfq hQ
ntfm oarB jvf rsk zsbj mfbcN lCsv nsv pfq. hvQ h z mcndtsmv
msbW ntfsmv iadk dhvfo usm. Ist dhlzfkDvf mfbcsNv srlfqfskv isK
hfLf rsq lfVfq.
(13) dhlzfk mcndtm ufdkv nQrdk W jA LQn jsv. ncnQh nmfsuv
zHAsv dhdYkf nxd jsv, j j Lvsbv zdHbh dhhfn jmG hf jmGidk
dbsq dH dH ufmfzfk hf lt odEk rq. mkfSbsjAv jfvsB j lt ziv
lstv iadk dhsNiCBG msbfHfh vfsJ. j lt ziv ltsj , jfsIv hf
dhlzfkD Hfsh. iadk lstv zbcnfvD dbsuv ltDq bDdkv ixsifNjkf jsv
hQ dhis[v bDdkv iadkhfl jsv. Hfsh kfv lt swa mk, pfslvsj
zffr mfbcsNv ubA dbhGfdyk jsvsYb. z i[ifdkskv idvBfm swsN
lf]Vfq sp, jlt ziv lstv ufb mft rftft msb jsv! zhjfsw sjfb
ntfm lcwmb nchBG-ncspfo ifq. zomA ntfm lcsoGv sswA dYlaiK
hAhrfv jsv hQ ntfsmv zivfsuq wdsj dHkv sKsj mcndtmslv
nfrfspA dbdq jsv sItsk jxkfKG rsq pfq. pJb zbi zKG W wd Kfjf
nsW mcndtmvf ivfHCk rsq isV.
zffrv vnCt nkA hstsYb, zbdk lCsv dhufdknmCr skfmfslv dhvs
jAh rsh; spmb sHfubjfvDoB (j) sHfuifsv iv jdk rq.
jub htt, `zfmvf dj kJb nQJAfq jm Kfjh? sr zffrv vnCt!' dkdb
htstb,hvQ kJb skfmvf nQJAfq zsbj Kfjsh. dj skfmvf rsh
kvkfdvk zfhuGbfv bAfq. zffr skfmfslv wv h[ rsk (skfmfslv
iadk) HDdk dYdbsq sbshb hQ skfmfslv rlsq lchGtkf iad[ jvshb.
jub htt, `sr zffrv vnCt! sn lchGtkf dj?' dkdb htstb, lcdbqfsj
Hfthfnf hQ mvsk bf yfWqf. (zfhc lfl)
nQJAfq shwD KfjstW zSbsjAv Ist lchGt vsq pfsh. ObOef smsOv sjfKfW
sjfKfW dhutD hQ ouGb KfjstW sjfb hNGB Kfjsh bf.

`dHksv dlsk pk mdvqfdY hfdrsvv dlsjW kk,

78

dhlzfk liGB

bdksk smfvf hfdVqf ystdY ov-Yfostv mk.'

zKy dhLfbjkGf ufdksj nkjG jsv hstsYb,

4 (#%xs? u $Yy_ !$# 7ut2 (#tG$#u

zKGf{, skfmvf njst zffrv vdw (jcvzfb W Db)sj w jsv LfvB jv

hQ iviv dhdY rsqf bf. (nCvf zfst mvfb 103 zfqfk)
dkdb zbA hstb,
4 (#%xtGs? u te$!$# (#%r& r&

zKGf{, --skfmvf Db iadkdk jv hQ Wsk (mksHl jsv) dhdY rsqf

bf. (nCvf wCvf 13 zfqfk)
dkdb zfsvf hstb,
m; y7s9'&u 4 Msit69$# u!%y` $t t/ . (#n=tFz$#u (#%xs? t%!$%x. (#3s? u
t >#xt

zKGf{, skfmvf kfslv mskf rsqf bf pfvf kfslv dbje nci dblwGb zfnfv
iv (dhdH lst) dhH rsqsY W dbsuslv msLA mkfv nxd jsvsY. kfslv
ubA vsqsY mrfwfd. (nCvf zfst mvfb 105 zfqfk)
mrfb zffr zfsvf hstb,
m6t O !$# n<) r& !$y) 4 >x ] |M9 $Yu (#%x.u s] (#%s t%!$# )
t=yt (#%x. $o3

zKGf{, zhwA pfvf Db ns bfbf mskv nxd jsvsY hQ dhdH lst

dhH rsqsY (sr bhD) kcdm sjfb djYcsk kfslv zHGc bW (hQ kfvfW
skfmfv ltH bq). kfslv dhNq zffrv iv bA, zffr kfslv jxkjmG
ns kfslvsj zhdrk jvshb. (nCvf zfbzfm 159 zfqfk)
zffrv vnCt W mksj nfhLfb jsv HdhNAfBD jsvb, qfl
jfv lst hQ bfnfvf hfrfv lst dhH rsqsY hQ zfmfv mk
dkqfv lst dhH rsh. pfv jde mf lt YfVf nhdt ufrffmD rsh.

dhlzfk liGB

79

nfrfhfoB dufnf jvstb,`sn jde lt sjfbXde, sr zffrv vnCt?' dkdb

htstb, sp lt zfu zfdm W zfmfv nfrfhfoB pfv iv iadkdk zfdY, kfv
iv iadkdk Kfjsh. (zfhc lfl, dkvdmpD)
dj mCJGkf W pctcm njt mslv mCt. Hq rsk wcv rq Hct hcUfhcdU.
Ist zsbsj dbsusj derDb msb jsv zKhf dbsuv mfbAhvsj ziadkD
Hctmc fbD msb jsv iajxk rj W nkA dybsk Hct jsv hsn hQ wcv rq
W dhdYkf.
(14) nmfusj nfhLfb W nkjG jvfv sswA dhlzfkDv oDhk jvf ShL;
spmb Ifsnj W iajfswA ifsi dt hAdv nmfstfybf W yyGf jvf rfvfm bq.
hvQ iasqfub s[s kf Wqfsuh rsq isV. spmb pdl sj dhlzfkD hf
lcjxkDv ndrk zufs Shhfdrj nijG oVsk, kfv iadkshw oarB, hAhnf hf
zbA sjfb hAhrfdvj uDhsb zQwD rsk jfsvf dbje ivfmwG hf sJf]u-Jhv sbq,
ksh ufbf Kfjst bnDrskv dbqsk kfv dbje hAdv iajxk zhf Jcst
hBGbf jvf Wqfsuh rsh.
zbcviHfsh sjfb kfstsh tXmsj pdl sj sjfb dhlzfkDv dbje hnsk hf
tXm dw[f jvsk slsJ ksh (drQnf jsv bq hvQ) bnDrskv dbqsk
kfsthsj nkjG jvf kfv ubA Wqfsuh.
dhlzfkDv iajfwA oDhk jvf hQ ubnfLfvBsj dwqfv jvf sjht
bnfsIv nfsK kfv dhlzfskv sJ jvsk rsh. zbA jfvB bf Kfjst kfv
zbAfbA slfN-de hqfb jvf ShLA rsh bf. spmb hAdok zfsfw dmefhfv
sswA hf NGfq jfkv rsq zKhf jciahxdv hwhkDG rsq zKhf hAdok sjfb
iadkswfL oarsBv sswA ncspfsov zihAhrfv jvf zfslZ ShL rsh bf.
(15) dhlzfkDslv nfLfvB Hfh sp, kfvf iK W mk idvhkGsbv nmq
dhlzfk sKsj zdLj dbjxkv dhlzfskv iadk Lfhmfb rq. zffr kfzftf
kfslv hkfv iadklfb slb. spsrkc jxkjsmGv iajfvvfbcvi iadkIt
fHfdhj. mrfb zffr hstb,
4 t/=% !$# s#yr& (##y $n=s

zKGf{, zk}iv pJb Wvf hiK zhtb jvt, kJb zffr Wslv
rlqsj h jsv dlstb. (nCvf nfIXI 5 zfqfk)

80

dhlzfk liGB

qfrqAf dhb zfhD mfv wfhfbD hstb, `htf rk sp, dhlzfkDslv kWhf zffr
zoafrA jsvb hQ dhlzfkD zdLjkv ml dhlzfskv dlsj fbfdvk rq.'
ians zfWqfm dhb rfWwfh kf]v icsv sswA htskb, sr (h{n)
nf! kcdm skfmfv dy dhwc jv W Lb zi jv. zffrv jnm! nfsj
dhvfyfvD (dhlzfkD)slv lst hnsk slJfv yfsk kfsj ofbhflA W mslv
mudtsn hnsk slJf zfmfv dbje (kctbfmCtjHfsh) zdLjkv iYlbDq.
jfvB dhlzfkD kfv dhlzfksj Db msb jsv hQ Dbsj LfvB W mfbA
jvfv mk dhlzfksj LfvB W mfbA jsv yst. zfhfv sjfb jfvBhwk}
dhlzfk sKsj hdroGk rst zbA sjfb hV dhlzfsk iashw jsv. dj mrfifiD
pfvf; spmb ofb-hflAjfvD W wahBjfvD mlAifqD kAfdl kfvf dbu jfmhwDHCk.
kfvf ufsb sp, kfvf pf jsv kf mrfifi. dj kfslv jfmiahxd hQ mljmGiahB zfkfv hwhkDG rsq kf huGb jvsk nrsu n[m rq bf. nHhk}
kfslv zShLkf-fsbv Ist jJsbf kf idvrfv jvskW ifsv. spsrkc
sofbfrofv mfbcsNv s[s kWhf, zbcswfybf hQ nmCst ml jfu huGb jvfv
zdLj nHfhbf W zfwf Kfsj; pkef dhlzfksj LmG fbjfvD dhlzfkDv
s[s Kfsj bf.
sn dhlzfkDv kWhfv sjfb zfwf Kfsj bf, pfv rlsq dhlzfk hmCt rsq
zst hV ufqof ucsV fb oarB jsvsY. pfv ubA dhlzfksj iajxk Db
msb jsv hQ kfv iadkjCt nh djYcsj ifswG huGb jsv. dhlzfsk dh rsq
zHfsh kf iYl jsv. sp kf iYl W oarB jsv kfsj Hfstfhfsn hQ sp
ziYl W zoarBspfoA msb jsv kfsj ml hfsn W OXxBf jsv. hvQ zsbj
s[s w msb jsv. kf iayfv W iadkf hQ kfv dhsvfLDslv iadkdkf
jvsk shisvfqf tVf tsV.
spmb iafyDb JfWqfsvu dhlzfkDvf; pfvf dhhfn vfsJ sp, sp hAd jfhDvfr
sofbfr jvsh sn jfsIv rsq dyvfqD ufrffmhfnD rsh. pfvf jJsbf
dhhfn W LfvBf rsk dhycAk rqdb. (zhwA djYc mfbcN ndEj isK dIsv
sndYt.) zKy kfslv LfvBfv iadkjCst jcvzfbD zfqfsk hQ nrDr
rflDsn i ltDt vsqsY. dj kfvf kf ixdisY huGb jsv wvDqskv
dhsvfdLkfq zet sKsjsY. iv mrfb zffr hstb,

dhlzfk liGB

81

4 !$to y9 y79s t $t tu / x8u r& t !$# )

zKGf{, dbyq zffr kf]v ndrk dwsjGv zivfL [mf jsvb bf, YfVf
zbAfbA zivfL pfv ubA Yf [mf jsv slb. (nCvf dbnf 48 zfqfk)
diaq bhD hstb, sp hAd kfWrDslv iv mxkcAhvB jvsh sn uffsk
iashw jvsh; pdlW sn hAdHyfv W ycdv jsv Kfsj. dkdb vi dkbhfv icb}
icb} hstsYb.
zbcvi zfsvf h ltDtfdlv iv dHd jsv zfrst ncfr hst, mrfifiD
zffrv YfLDb Kfjsh; pdl dkdb yfb ksh kfsj mfuGbf jvshb, bsy{ kfv
ifi zbcpfqD idvmfB mk wfd ialfb jvshb hQ (kWrDslv sB) kfv
iakAfhkGb fb rsh uffk. zffr ifj hstb,
( nu s9) 3s9) !$yr& n<) #yr /3=Wi |o0 O$tr& !$y) %

zKGf{, ht, zfdm skf skfmfslv mk jub mfbcN, zfmfv iadk iakAfslw
rq sp, skfmfslv ifnA jmf ifnA--. (nCvf jfrfI 110 zfqfk)
zbA dkdb hstb,
4 !$# ) |=t9$# F{$#u Nuy9$# t n=t %

zKGf{, ht, zffr hAkDk zfjfwmtD W ixdKhDsk sj ofqh (zlxwA)

dhNsqv fb vfsJ bf. (nCvf bfmXt 65 zfqfk)
dkdb zfsvf hstb,
( |=t9$# n=r& Iu !$# !#uyz 3s9 %r& H %

zKGf{, (sr mcrfmfl!) ht, zfdm skfmfslvsj jKf hdt db sp, `zfmfv
dbje zffrv LbHffv zfsY.' zfv ofqh (zlxwA) nsW zfdm zhok
b--. (nCvf zfbzfm 50 zfqfk)
zfqfknmCr hQ zfsvf zbAfbA zfqfk W rflDn wvDsIv iv dHd
jsv zfrst ncfr hst sp, zffrv bhD mfbcN dYstb hQ dkdb ofqh ufbskb
bf, ofqhD Jhv dkdb WrDv mfLAsm ufbskb W ufbfskb.
dj dhlzfkDvf nm ltDtsj iyfsk sIst Hdv zfdkwspA diaq bhD
-sj `zfwvfIct mfJtcjfk' (nxdv snvf uDh) rsk hdrjxk jsv hQ kf]v

82

dhlzfk liGB

ubA ofqhDv lfhD jsv zffrv zfnsb k]fsj hnfsk dLf jsv bf. sj hf kf]v
wvDqksj illdtk jsv IcdkG smsv `mfsvIkD'v lfhD jsv ztD snsu hsn.
zKy zdt rsq sp idvmt zfrvB jsv kfv nhef ovt. rfvfmsj rftft W
rftftsj rfvfm jsv hAhrfv jsv! hQ kfv mfLAsm z nflf mfbcNslv mb
W rlq tcse Ifqlf Efq. mvBsj nvB jvfv sswA bq, spJfsb zffrv
vnCt kf]v dbsuv ubA lczf W lvl iVsk hstsYb, snJfsb mWkfslv ubA
lczfv sswA bq, ivjftsj nvB jsv rlsq Hq zfbfv sswA bq, hvQ
mxskAv jfsY uDhb yfsk db}snv jfsY nil yfsk hQ ivjfstv lcqfsv
rjft yfsk jhv dpqfvk (iCuf) dnulf, ycb, kWqfI, kfhfvGj, vn
kAfdl fvf bkcb wvDqk vdyk jsv.
Wvf mrsk vnCstv bfsm sn jfu jsv pfsk Wslv JcwDv Hvicv nmfom
Ose. dH ufdkv zbcjvsB Dbsj sjht dbsuslv fKG, zfbl W ncnfl
zfnflsbv sswA zfQdwj LfvB jsv Kfsj. zfv dbvfbsl jec fKG kAfo W
j Djfsv Wvf zfslZ mrskv idvyq slq bf. zfv Hfsh zbcfbok
mrk uvvD W psK. hfjD kf]v zflswG ydv oVf, kf]v dbslGw iftb jvf,
dkdb pf iYl jsvsYb kf iYl jvf kAfdlsj zuvvD W Iftkc Hfsh.
i[fsv, ifdKGh uDhsb siasmv sjfb dbdlG Lfvf sb, dbqdk odk sb.
rfhDh kfv mfrhChsj sp sjfb iajfsv sp sjfb ifsq hQ sp sjfb mfLAsm kfv
mrk ufbfsk ifsv. kfsk sjfb hfLf sb, dbqB sb hQ ncwxJtkf sb.
dj hflfv ubA zffr hQ mskv ubA vnCt mb mfrhch, dpdb sjht
dbqdk siam iYl jsvb. jie, rDb YxJt hf nfsKGv siam zfslZ iYl
jsvb bf. dbqB W idvmfsBv hfsv sjfb siasmv zdkvb kf]v dbje iaDk
bq. spsrkc ifdKGh siasm iafqw} s[s rfhDh-mfrhch Hsqv mfb-mpGflf zKhf
sjfb bf sjfb dlj nmidvmfB Kfsj; pfsk Hsqv msbv Yfn odk dbqB
rfdvsq sIst. Ist sj zivsj Yfmk hst hQ Yfmk irfv slq.
dj sn mfrhch dpdb nxdjkGf, iftbjkGf, uDhblfkf, iadkde uDh pf]v lqfv
mc[fsi[D; dkdb jmf mfhcl hQ sn mfrhch dpdb zbcnxk, pf]v zfslw sj
zmfbA jvst, pf]v dbslGw sj tQOb jvst ufrffsmv mrfdo kfv ipc
wfd rq, sp mfrhCh k]fsj Hfstfhfnfv ifq dw[f dlsqsYb, siasmv Lvb hst

dhlzfk liGB

83

dlsqsYb, pfsk Hfstfhfnsk dosq sj shzflhD jsv bf hsn. mb mfrhCshv

ubA rfhDshv rlsq nlf Hq Kfsj; pfsk siam dbqB-rfvf, dbqm-YfVf, hbrfvf W shqfVf bf rsq pfq. ifdKGh siasm zdkvb yst, jJsbf hf irfnYst
shzflhD yst dj zffr W vnCstv siasm dbYj zflh, kf'pDm W zfbcokA
Kfsj. kfskf Wpcv z dkb hfsvv idvhskG yfv zKhf kfv zdLj hfv sLZk
jvf ShL bq. pdlW zdLjhfv sLZk jvfq zdLj zidhkf W idvYkf tfH
rq. kfskf zffrv siasm kmq rsq Iusv lcsqv fsb yfv vfjzfk Ivp
iVf siadmj hflfv ubA ShL bq. spsrkc kf]v siasmv iK dbqdk W nDdmk.
dbdlG nDmf fvf kf]v iajxk siasmv zdoivD[f rq. kf dbslGdwk nvt
iK hAkDk zbAfbA hdm isK kf]v mrk rfdnt rq bf.
i[fksv siadmjf sjht wfVDv zfshlb ufbfst kfv ns hfVdk hfu W
ycdV dbshlb jvst sn bfvfu rq bf hvQ zfsvf zdLj JcwD rq hQ siasmv
idvmfB hxd jsv. HxkA nfvf dlsbv jkGhA iftb jsvW pdl vfs iaHcv of-if
lfhfq ksh iaHc JcwD rsq kfv shkb hxd jsv; bfvfu rq bf.
rA]f hfu W ycdV pdl siadmjfv slrfsv mfi W kfv iYlmk rq hQ
HxskAv hfVdk dJlmk pdl iaHcv nmq W iasqfub mk rq ksh kf nHh.
bsy{ Hfstfhfnfv Ucdtsk H{Gnbf fb ifsh. zfhfv wfVD hAkDk zbA djYc
hfVdk zfbst hQ jfu sYsV iaHcv if lfhfst dj rsh kf htf hftA.
zbcviHfsh wvDqskv iYlmk sp nh bIt (hfVdk) jfsuv dbslGw zfsY
kf jvst skf zffr JcwD rb. dj kf]v dbslGw W iYslv hfsv dbsuv
mboVf djYc jvsk yfst zhwA hbf W tfbf YfVf djYc tfH rq bf.
zfhfv kf]v dbslGw zmfbA jsv zdkdv zbA djYc jsv mrk iajfw jvsk
yfst ufsrt rfhDh ef hcsU sp, sn kfv mfrhch W wvDqk zsi[f zsbj
shwD hcsU. zfhfv kef htsk lc}nfrn jsv sp, `wvDqk skf jef diqfsuv
mk pfv nhef sJfnf (Yft)!' zKGf{ pfv nfv W zfnt djYc sb !! wvDqskv
zfstm W zbcofmDvf skf sjht ifbfvD ifkfv mk; pf ifdbv oHDvkfv isv
sHsn shVfq kAfdl!!! Lvsbv YYfVf, hf]Lbrfvf mrskv lfhDlfvslv
zhf sp dj rsh, kf fbDslv dbje nrsu iakDqmfb.
dhlzfkDslv mb zsbj mfbcN zfsY pfvf dhlzfksj zmGCst fb slq bf,

84

dhlzfk liGB

ksh kf Hfstf susb hQ kfsk zffr JcwD rshb msb jsv stfsjv
slJfsldJ nfLfvBHfsh kf jsv Kfsj. dj kfv dhivDk sjfb ltDt hf
bDdkjKf wcbst lfv msb kf idvkAfo jsv iajxk Dbsj rDb snhjvsi Lvfv
syf jsv hQ dhlzfk rsk kWhf jsv. zhwA kfvf iKiaf hQ kfslv
ubA mcd.

dhlzfskv bDdkmftf

sp nm ifsq dhlzfk dydrk rsq Kfsj hQ sp njt jmGsj wvDqsk

dhlzfk hst oBA jvf rsqsY kf dbbvi }(1) iadk sn jKf, jfu W dhhfn; pdlW hf kf uskrflD rq; pf ncfrv
iadkjCt rq, kf dhlzfk.
(2) iadk sn jmG pfv fvf zffrv nd W nfdLA tfsHv zfwf jvf pfq
zKy wvDqk kf dbdN sOfNBf jsvsY. kf jvst dhlzfk jvf rq.
(3) iadk sn dhNq pf sjfb hBGbf hf dbslGw hAkDk dhsLq rWqf nHh bq
zKy sn dhNsq wvDqskv sjfb hBGbf hf dbslGw sb, kf dhlzfk. zhwA sjfb
nfrfhD jkGxj sjfb dk hf dbslGw Kfjst, kf dhlzfk htf pfsh bf.
(4) jfsIvslv sn zfyfv-zbcfb hf iaKf; pf ntfsm LmG hf hflkvsi
(hf jvsk rq sHsh) iftb jvf rq, kf dhlzfk.
(5) sp dhNsqv mcfrfh rWqfv iv sjfb IjDr hf zfstm -dhswN jsv
ivhkDGjfstv tfmfoB dhhxdk siw jsvsYb zKy kfv nis[ sjfb wvqD
ltDt sb, sn dhNqW dhlzfk.
(6) iadk sn hflk hf zfmt pfv idk W iaBftD pqDI zKhf mWpc' (oVf
hf uft) rflDn hAkDk zbA sjfb nrDr hf rfnfb rflDsn hdBGk rqdb, kf jvf
dhlzfk.
(7) hflsk iaskAj zdkdv, zdkvdk W hfVdk jfu (zKGf{ hflsk
wvDqk jkGxj dbLGfdvk nDmftQOb jvf) dhlzfk.
(8) iaskAj sn hflk pf wvDqk nfLfvBHfsh iftb jvsk c jsvsY;
dj mfbcN kfsj sjfb fb, jft, B, dbqm-idk, nQJAf hf jfvB iaHxdk
dhswNB fvf dbdlG jsv dbsqsY kf dhlzfk. (zfrjfmct ufbfsqp, zfthfbD)

dhlzfk liGB

85

(9) iaskAj sn zfyfv, jciaKf hf jcnQfv; pf wvDqk-nmk bq hQ

dhshj W fb-nmkW bq, pf djYc ufsrt Db W jvBDq jkGhA msb jsv kf
dhlzfk. (mfbfsnjct r, zfthfbD 45 ix})
njt dhlzfskv lxf W lfrvB ivhkDG ipGfsq zfstfdyk rsh.

iaydtk djYc dhlzfskv bmcbf

iCshG zfstfdyk dhlzfk nxdv dhdH jfvsB mcndtmslv mfsU h dhlzfk

hAfijHfsh ianfv tfH jsvsY, pfv djYc skf jcIXv mrfifi hQ djYc dhlzfk
zfsY pf jvst nfLfvB dhvfyvsBv ifi jvf rq. sn iaydtk djYc dhlzfskv
bmcbf nQs[si siw jvf dyk msb jvdY. zhwA wcvsk sJqft vfJf dyk
sp, sdJk jmGdt wvDqk hf dhsLq jmG sHsh jvst ksh kf dhlzfk hst
oBA rsh, bsy{ kf nfLfvB Hct zKhf dbdN jmGvsi dhshdyk rsh.

jcvzfb dhNqj dhlzfk

jcvzfb ians sn nm dhlzfk iaydtk zfsY; spmb mb Ts sesb iVf
pfsk jcvzfsbv wdhbAfn dhb rsq pfq. sktfzk swsN `nflfjffct
zfpDm' ifE. mclGfv iv, jhsvv iv jcvzfb ifE. snrvDv zfpfsbv idvhskG
jcvzfb isV ufoakjvB. ucmzfv dlsb iasqfusb Jckhfv zfpfsbv iCshG zfv
j zfpfb slWqfv idvhskG jcvzfb (nCvf ucmzfr) ifE jsv Ffjf rf]jf.
whDbf ifE, jctJfbD, IfskrfJfbD, zfqfskv bf hfdbsq slWqfst dtJf hf
hf]dLsq effsbf. mcnrfI dbsq jifst, syfsJ hf hcsj sEjfsbf, iwG jsv ofsq
mfJf, ycb jvf. Jksmv hf]Lf lczf.

bhD dhNqj dhlzfk

bhD -sj sj jsv sp nh dhlzfk zfjDlfq snsY; spmb dhhfn
jvf sp, dkdb mfbcN dYstb bf, dkdb ofsqh ufbskb, kf]v slsrv Wub W Yfqf
dYt bf. kf]v mt-mC idh dYt. dkdb zffrv bCv sKsj nxd dYstb hQ kf]v
bCv sKsj uo{ nxd. dkdb rfdpv W bfdpv; dkdb mDtfl mfrdIst rfdpv rb.
dkdb ifdKGh uDhsbv bAfq uDdhk zfsYb. djYc yfst dkdb dlsk ifsvb. kf]v

86

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jhv dpqfvk jvst ifi [q rq kAfdl.

zfWdtqf dhNqj dhlzfk

WtD-zfWdtqf dbsq iaydtk dhlzfk spmb, kf]vf ifdKGh uDhsbv bAfq
uDdhk zfsYb msb jvf. kf]vf zfrhfbjfvD Hsv zfwf iCBG jvsk ifsvb,
svfo W dhil mc jvsk ifsvb, Lb W nfb lfb jvsk ifsvb, kf]vf zlxswAv
(ofqhD) Jhv ufsbb kAfdl dhhfn jvf; pfsk mfbcN mcwdvj rsq pfq. sjfb
WtDv kA hv mfLAsm kfhfvGj (hvjk) oarB. uDdhk, iajxk zKhf jdik
Wdtv ]sef hf hAhrk sjfb dudbn hAhrfv jsv hjGk W jtAfsBv zfwf jvf
kAfdl.

mndul dhNqj dhlzfk

mndul dhNqj dhlzfk spmb; mndul zdLj snZlpG-Jdyk W vMysM jvf.
mndusl jfsvf jhv slWqf. mndusl nfQnfdvj W ShNdqj oiuh jvf.
jtvh, zrfdn, zShL nmfstfybf jvf. mnduslv slWqft, dmv hf LCtf iwG
jsv ofsq smsJ hjGk hf zfsvfoAtfsHv zfwf jvf kAfdl.

zfpfb dhNqj dhlzfk

zfpfsbv dhlzfk spmb; ucmzfv dkDq zfpfb dmsvv sofVfq dbmnsv
slWqf. zfpfsbv iv yvsh lvl W lczf ifE jvf. znDtfv lczfq
`zllfvfufkcv vfIDzfr' hxd jvf. zfpfsbv iv icbvfq bfmfspv ubA
zfrhfb jvf. `zfwrflc zff mcrfmfl--' wcsb syfsJ zfct hcdtsq kf ycb
jvf. `zfnnftfkc Jfqvm dmbfb bfWm'-v sv `nflfjXkf Wqf hfvfvkf'
htf. `jfljf-mfdkn nftfr' wcsb `zfjfmfrff zflfmfrf' htf. zfpfsbv
swsN rfk kcst lczf iVf.

dhlzfk liGB

87

bfmfp dhNqj dhlzfk

bfmfp nidjGk dhlzfk spmb, Iusvv bfmfsp jcbck, jcbcskv idvhskG
`jct' ifE. kjhDsv kfrvDmfv nmq rfk kcst jfb iwG jvf. nmq iv
dlsj mfKf skftf. hf]Lf-oVf dbqk iVf. dbqk (sp sjfb HfNfsk) mcsJ yfvB
jvf. nmsv yvsh `vffbf tfjft rfmXl' htf. lc dnulfrv mfsUv ShEsj
zbcviHfsh lczf iVf. nftfkck kfrIDp (jcvzfb drIXp nrsu rsh dbqsk
dhdw) bfmfp iVf. nftfkck kfnhDr ufmfzfk jsv iVf. mf-hfsiv bfsm
dhdw bfmfp iVf. wshhvfskv dhswN bfmfp iVf. bfmfspv iv zfqfkct jcvnD
isV hcsj Ic]j slWqf, nftfm dIsv mfKfq rfk svsJ dhswN lczf ifE swN
vfjzfskv swN dnulfr tf jvf.

ucmzfr dhNqj dhlzfk

ucmzfr nQf dhlzfk spmb, ucmfv dlb nIv jvsk sb msb jvf.
dlsb sjfb jfu jvsk sb Hfhf. ucmzfv ubA ifi (spmb l]fdV y]fyf, snfbf hf
svwm hAhrfv) fvf snZlpG LfvB jvf. mndusl mcnff dhdYsq fb lJt jvf.
dkb dndVv zdLj dmv. ucmzfv dlb dmvsj jfsiGefdl fvf ncndk jvf.
ucmzfr hf slv bfmfsuv ubA dhswN jsv ifoVD hf]Lf. dlkDq zfpfb
mnduslv dHkv JkDshv nfmsb slWqf. iaKm zfpfsbv idvhskG jcvzfb ifE
W Ffj-rf]j. ucmzfv (bfmfpDslv bfmfp iVfv) nmq mnduslv yvsh
jcvzfb ifE. ucmzfv iCshG dbdlG vfjzfk `jfhtft ucmzfr' nck iVf.
Jckhfsq rfufr (zftrfmlc dtfrdr bfrmflc--) ifE huGb jvf. nCvf jfI
fvf islw bf slWqf. ncv jsv Jckhf ifE. bhDv bfm wcsb (lvl bf isV)
zfct fvf y[c iwG jsv kf ycb jvf. lc Jckhfv mfsU sjfb lczf hf nCvf
ifE. mfm hnf jfst rfk kcst mcbfufk. Jckhfr ytfjftDb kfdrqAfkct
mndul lc vfjzfk bfmfp kAfo. lc Jckhfv sjfb jdesj bnDrk sKsj hfl
slWqf.
(df YfVf) Jckhfq mfsmv rfk kcst lczf jvf hQ mcflDslv rfk kcst
`zfmDb-zfmDb' htf. ffrf qfmcv dht zflst-- zfqfk fvf Jckhf
swN jvfsj zHAfn hfbfsbf.

88

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Jckhfr tf hQ bfmfp sYfe W nQd[ jvf. j fsb hV mndul Kfjsk

sYfe mndusl ucmzfr iVf. jfkfv snfuf bf rWqfv iCshG mfsmv bfmfp wcv
jsv slWqf. bfmfspv iv `kfjfffr---' hst iviv mcnfIfr jvf.
mnduslv sose ifdb rfsk l]fdVsq sKsj mcnDslv I]cj zKhf KcKcv hjGk sbWqf
W svfo mcdv zfwf vfJf.

vmpfb dhNqj dhlzfk

kfvfhDrsk dhlzfk spmb, mfsU W swsN rfk kcst ufmfzfkD lczf jvf W
lvl iVf. mfosvshv mk dhkXv iVf. lczf jcbck iVfv nmq vI-lfb
(zKGf{kfrvDmfv mk jfb hvfhv rfk skftf). kfvfhDrv iv dmf dhkvB.
wsh jlsv dhswN jsv dmd dhkvB. sjht JfWqf-lfWqf W utnfv mfLAsm
vfd ufovB.

nftfm dhNqj dhlzfk

nftfsm dhlzfk spmb, lc rfsk mcnfIfr jvf hQ hcsj rfk dIvfsbf.
nftfsmv idvhskG `srstf' `zfrtfb' `FmdbGQ' kAfdl htf. nftfsmv nmq
iaBk rWqf. Ucsj if iwG jsv nftfm jvf. jlmhcnD jvf. dnulf jvf
(jcIXv).

lczf dhNqj dhlzfk

lczfv iaydtk dhlzfk spmb; ysv lczf jvf, Ivp bfmfspv iv, dhhfr
hsbv iv, Ikfsvv iCshG, slv bfmfspv iv, ufbfpfv bfmfspv iv hf
lfIsbv iv, uftnfv swsN, lsnGv swsN js rfk kcst ufmfzfkD lczf jvf
W `zfmDb zfmDb htf'. rfk kcst lczfv iv mcsJ rfk hctfsbf hf hcj iwG jvf
zKhf rfk ycmf.

nIv dhNqj dhlzfk

nIv W msBv dhlzfk spmb; nIv mfsn nIv jvsk sb Hfhf. zbcvi
ucmzfv dlsb nIv bf jvf. Ov rsk sj shv rWqfv iv UfVc bf slWqf.
zfdqf W zfWdtqfslv jhv dpqfvskv sswA nIv jvf.

dhlzfk liGB

89

r dhNqj dhlzfk
r nQf dhlzfk spmb; kfWqfcstv bfm dbsq nt YfVf rs shv
rWqf. rfuDslv dbje rsk eAf sbWqf. rvfm hf]Lfv nmq dhdw bfmfp iVf.
rvfm hf]Lfv iv sKsj nhGlf pdkhf (Ffb jf]L shv) jsv vfJf. mndusl
rfvfm YfVf zbAfbA mnduslv dpqfvk jvf. dhdH ifrfV spmb, ofsv drvf,
nWv iaHxdk msB hjGskv zfwf jvf. mndusl zfsqwf (hf zbAfbA mndusl)
nWqfshv sswA bfmfp iVsk pfWqf. r hf mvfrjfvDv jf'hfv mndusl
iashw jsv kfWqfI bf jsv kfdrqAfkct mndul bfmfp iVf. bfmfsp rfk
skftfv mk kcst rfusv zfnWqfslv iadk wfvf jvf. ifKv ycsbv ubA dH]V
jvf. ycsbv nmq `zffmf mfbfm dhjf---' lczf iVf. ycb jvfv ubA
bfmfp isV (mfsmv nftfm dIvfv iCshG) nftfm dIsv Ycse ifKsvv dbje
pfWqf. vjXsb qfmfbD ycb jvf hQ iwG jvsk bf ifvst wfvf jvf.
iswGv nmq dhdw lczf iVf. jf'hfv vjsb wfmD hf zbAfbA slWqft, sotfI,
mfjfsm hafrDm iwG jsv kfhfvGj oarB. jf'hfv lvufv dhivDk dlsj
slWqfstv j ]yc ufqof `vWqf hcnjf' Lsv kfhfvGj oarB, hxd rst
zdkdv nWqfh hf hjGskv zfwfq kWqfI jvf. mDpfshv ifdb ofsq smsJ
kfhfvGj oarB. pmpsmv ifdb fvf sofnt. hjGskv zfwfq pmpsmv ifdbsk
efjf iqnf dHufsbf. pmpm ifdb ifb jvfv nmq sjhtf mcJ jsv dhdw lczf
ifE. kWqfI W nfsk iadk ys dbdlG lczf iVf.
zfvfIfq dbdlG lczf iVf. ufhfst vrmsk yVf, mcplfdtIfq si]ZsY iaKsm
bfmfp zflfq bf jsv ifKv nQoar jvf. mcplfdtIfq vfd ufovB jvf.
mcplfdtIf sKsj ifKv sbWqf nck hf uvvD Hfhf, ifKv mfvfv iCshG ifKv
sLZk jvf. ifKv mfvfv nmq kjhDv iVfv nfsK zbAfbA lczf (spmb vfumft
dtwwfqfkDb' kAfdl) iVf. ifKv mfvfv ubA rfk hf zfcstv dbdlG zfjfv
hf Hdmf jvf. ifKv smsv uckf kAfdl mfvf.
jcvhfbD bf jsv kfv mCtA nljfr jvf. pshr jvfv zfso jcvhfbDv isj
sofnt slWqf, kfv Jcv W dwsM skt slWqf zKhf kfv zbA sjfb iajfv
skfqfp jvf.

90

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rfuDv hfm dlj rsk mfKfv yct jfmfsbf. djYc sbVf jsv djYc isv sbVf jvfv
ubA Sykb vfJfv mk djYc yct sYsV vfJf. sbVf jvfv nmq sjhtf mcJ jvf,
nmq dhdw lczf iVf.
sp rsv Ivp zflfq jsv zfsn kfsj `rfuD' hf `zftrf' htf. dhlfqD
kWqfsI iv mndul sKsj ef ifsq shv rWqf. j nIsv hfv hfv mvf
jvf. mfv mfde hjGskv zfwfq ns zfbf.

lvl W dpjXv dhNqj dhlzfk

lvsl dhlzfk spmb; hf]LfoVf lvl ifE, lvl iVsk djqfm jvf, nmsv
yvsh lvl iVf.
dpjXsvv iaydtk dhlzfr spmb, ufmfzfkD dpjXv, wvDqsk dbdlG nQJAfq
dpjXv jvf. `- hf qf-qf' zKhf sjht `zffr-zffr' jsv dpjXv jvf.
jstmf `tf tfrf ffr'sj sHs dpjXv jvf; zKGf{, dbdlG nQJAfq `tf
tfrf' htf hQ isv zfhfv dbdlG nQJAfq `ffr' htf hf `t-t' hst
dpjXv rf]jf. `qf mcrfmfl' hf `qf zftD'v dpjXv rf]jf. ysv dpjXv, srstlcst dpjXv, sbsy rfkkfdt dlsq dpjXv. sjfb WtDv bfsm dpjXv. knhDr lfbf
hAhrfv (pfsk dvqfv zfwfW Kfsj). djYc (dydE) dtJfv iCshG `dhndmfr'v
idvhskG `tfdr Hvnf', `zffr mrfb' kAfdl dtJf zKhf 786 dtJf.

idhkf dhNqj dhlzfk

WpCv msLA dhlzfk spmb, olGfb mfnfr. Wpcv iv zfjfswv dlsj kfdjsq
`f zfbpftbf' hf zbA sjfb nCvf ifE. iaskAj z sLZskv nmq j j
dbdlG lczf. sofnt jvfv (Fch slWqfv) nmq sjhtf mcJ jvf. sofnt (GFch
slWqfv) iv hf]Lf dr]qfdt iVf.

mxkcA W ufbfpf dhNqj dhlzfk

mxkcA W ufbfpfq dhdH dhlzfk spmb; mvBfi hAdv dwKfsb jcvzfb
wvDI vfJf, nCvf qfdnb iVf, mcmCNGcsj sjhtfmcJ jvf. bhD W zfrst hfqskv
mfmosBv bfm dbsq `kftjDb' jvf. kfv dbje rsk kchkD, zidhf,
ianCdk W zbAfbA zidh mfbcNdlosj lCv jvf. vfsk mxkhAdv ifsw njft

dhlzfk liGB

91

ipG sjfb Hsq hfdk vfJf. mxkhAdv dbje sofnt bf slWqf ipG jcvzfb
iVf. LCi kAfdl dlsq (ziasqfusb) ncomq jsv vfJf. lm pfWqfv fsb
tfkf W LCihfdk slWqf. lfIb bf rWqf ipG mVf Osvv sjfb mfbcsNv ifbfrfv
bf jvf. mxkhAdv if kst lf]Vfsk sb msb jvf zKhf l]fVfsk Hq jvf.
mxkcAv Jhv hAfijHfsh (spmb mfj W idjfq) iayfv jvf (zhwA
zfswifswv stfjsj mxkcAv Jhv ufdbsq ufbfpfv iadkv jKf htf slfNfhr
bq.) mxkhAdv kfrfvskv (idhkfv) ubA hAhrk dJvjf (hJ) kAfdl
lCsv sItsk dosq (sjfb dhislv zfwfq) ns stfrf vfJf.
sofnt slWqfv nmq iaskAj zs ifdb Tftfv nmq hfv hfv `tf tfrf
ffr' hf zbA dpjXv zKhf hfQtfq hf]Lf dr]qfdt iVf. stfqfsbf ifdb dFfsk
sb msb jvf. tfw Efsbf W bfmfsbfv nmq hQ isK dbsq pfhfv nmq
ysv njstv `tf tfrf ffr'v dpjXv.
mdrtfv yct ycde so]sK hcsjv iv sJftf sIst vfJf. hjGskv zfwfq hf
zfpfh mfI rWqfv zfwfq sjfb iDv hf WtDv-ncifdvw bfmf (!) hf wfufvfbfmf
zKhf k]fv zbA djYc zKhf jcvzfbD zfqfk hf lczf jfIsbv dHksv vfJf.
sjfb WtDv jhsvv ifsw jhv slWqfv ubA lCv sKsj tfw hrb jvf. mclGfv
sofnst hAhrk nfhfb, lfIb jfsu hAhrk zdkdv hf]w W lfIsb hAhrk
zdkdv jfiV hAhrfv jvsk sb msb jvf zKhf hAhrfv jvsk Hq jvf.
dhhfn vfJf sp, mclGfvf njst dbu dbu nclv jfIb dbsq ohG jsv.
jfIsbv iv sjfb zfqfk hf lczf dtJf. ufbfpfv Jfesj Ict kAfdl fvf
ndk jvf. snZlpGJdyk hf jfstmf zKhf zfqfk dtdJk mJmstv yflv fvf
tfw Tfjf. tfswv iv hf jhsvv iv Ict slWqf. icimftA fvf wafdt
slWqf. ufbfpfv nfsK ikfjf hrb jvf. sjfb JflAlahA hf iqnf dYefsbf.
dhhfn vfJf sp, mxk hAd sbj rst kfv tfw rfjf zKhf HfvD rq.
ufbfpf shv rWqfv nfsK nfsK nljf jvf. ydw jlm mf ufbfpf hrb jsv
dbdlG nWqfshv zfwf jvf. tfw dbsq LDsv ytf. tfswv iv dH]V umfsbf.
sjfb dhhfsn ufbfpfv dbjehkDG hf nmcJhkDG bf rWqf. bDvhkf kAfo jvf.
zfsifsn kjGfkdjG W hynf jvf. ufbfpf nr sjfb WtDv jhv kWqfI jvf.
mxskv iv ufbfpf iVf rsqsY kf ufbf nsW icbvfq ofsqhfbf ufbfpf

92

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iVf. ufbfpfv bfmfspv jfkfsv softfi ifdb dYefsbf. ufbfpf iVfv nmq
tfswv h]fLb Jcst slWqf. uckfv mqtf sb jDb nsW ufbfpfv bfmfspv
ubA uckf Jcst sItf zKhf Jcst kfv iv l]fdVsq bfmfp iVf. bfmfsp
dIkfrv lczf iVf. nCvf Ifdkrfnr zbA jde nCvf ifE kAfo jvf. bfmfp
swsN rfk kcst ufmfzfkD lczf jvf.
lfIb jvfv nmq dpjXv sufsv-swfsv iVf. mfKfv dlj sKsj tfw bfmfsbf.
mclGfv ubA jhsv hfdtw SkvD jvf. jhvsj ncodk jvf. mfde slhfv nm
`dmbrf Jftfjbfjcm' zfqfk iVf. (jhsv sp tfw vfsJ sn YfVf) njstv
`dhndmfdr zzftf dmfdk vfnCdtfr' lczf iVf. tfswv hcsj mfde vfJf. jhv
j dhlAfv zdLj ]yc jvf. jhsvv yfv sjfsB W mfsU sJucv Fft ofVf.
(zhwA iv b jvf sKsj h]fyfsk j]fef kAfdl vfJf lCNBDq bq.) jhv
stfqfsbf. (zhwA `trl' jhsv wcj mfdesj dHdusq hnfsbfv ubA ifdb Tftf
m.) nmq njstv `tf tfrf ffr' iVf. lfIb swsN rfk kcst
lczf-lvl iVf. mfKfv dlsj nCvf Ifdkrf hf nCvf hfjfvfv iaKmfQw hQ ifsqv
dlsj nCvf hfjfvfv swNfQw ifE jvf. lfIsbv iv `kftjDb' slWqf. jhsvv
ifsw mfdev if (hAhrfv spfoA rWqf nsW) sYsV zfnf. dhhfn vfJf sp,
jhsvv mfde hfVst rfst zfhfv sj mvsh!
lfIsbv iv jhsvv ifsw hfn jvf W (ifrfvf slWqf. zhwA tfswv sjfb
z zKhf jfIb ycdv rWqfv zfwfq ifrfvf dlst dH jKf.) zfmfhwAfv
vfsk mvf Jfvfi hf zwcH msb jvf. lfIb jvf sKsj dIsv sn rfk-mcJ bf
Lcsq hfdV iashw jvsk hf jfsj iwG jvsk sb Hfhf. jhsvv ifsw sjfb
JflA dhkvB hf iwc pshr. mvf Osvv dpqfIk oarB jvf. mvf Osv sHfu jvf.
(zfkDq hf iadkshwDv sj bf JfWqfst nfLfvBHfsh lCsvv jcecmslvsj
JfWqfsbf slfsNv bq). mvf Osvv zfkDq-ubsj slJf jvfv ubA hQ nfbf
slhfv sswA kfslv oxsr umfsqk rWqf W kfv ubA sjfb dlb dbdlG jvf.
sjht swfjiftsbv sswA lfdV-so]fI tf jvf. zHAfnmk Hfstf JfWqf
kAfo jvf. (mxkhAdv D hAkDk) zbA jfsvf swfj iftsbv sswA snZlpG
kAfo jvf. dhLhfv mxkcA zhdL snZlpG kAfo jvf. (ofqv mfrvfsmv dbje
snZlpG iajfw rfvfm). icb} dhhfr jvfsj ml W lCNBDq ufbf. (zKy mslv

dhlzfk liGB

93

isK if hfVfsk hQ hAdHyfv jvsk Hq jsv bf!)

mxskv bfsm jcvzfbJfbD, IfskrfJfdb W ydsw (yftsw) jvf. mclGfv lm
pfWqfv fsb jsqj dlb Lsv tfkf slWqf, hfdk W LCi ufdtsq vfJf.
dhhfn sp hfdVsk vr zfsn. mxk pf sJsk Hfstfhfnskf kf nljfr jvf.
mxskv hAhrk sifwfjfdl nljfr jvf. jfsvf mvfv iCshG jhv Jbb jsv vfJf.
lfIsbv iv jsqjdlb njfst jhv dpqfvk jvf. dpqfvskv ubA sjfb dlb
dbLGfdvk jvf, jfsvf jhv dpqfvsk kfhfvGj hf sbjDv zfwf jvf. jhsvv
nfmsb mcnDv mk JfVf rWqf. sjfb dpqfvkjfvDv mfLAsm nftfm ifEfsbf.
bfmfp W sktfzk fvf nfst nWqfh jvf. nfst nWqfshv sswA sjfb
zbcfb jvf. nfstrDbslv jhsvv dbje lczf jhct rq dhhfn vfJf hQ
sswA dpqfvk jvf. jhvfsbv ofY-iftfsj idh mfbf hQ kf jfesk
sb msb jvf hf jfesk Hq jvf. jhv dpqfvskv sswA lCv sKsj nIv
jvf. kfsk k k sbjD zfsY msb jvf.
jhv hf]Lfsbf, dwqvslsw ifKsvv iv bfm sJflf jvf, sjfb zfqfk dtJf hf
`uffkD' dtJf. jhsvv iv loGf, mfpfv W hfofb SkvD jvf, mndul W ocu
dbmfGB jvf, hfdk uftfsbf, LCi-Lcbf slWqf. mfdev rfdk-sOfVf siw jvf, bpv
dbqfp siw jvf, iwc pshr jvf. jhvsj dnulfr jvf, kfv kWqfI jvf,
nmcJ jsv jhvhfnDv LAfb jvf, jhsvv dbje hsn hf iwG jsv kfhfvGj
sbWqf. jhv hf mfpfv ycb hf iwG jsv ofsq mfJf. jhsvv slWqfst hf
mfpfsv jift, oft diE hf sie tfdosq lczf jvf. nfb tfsHv zfwfq spfdb
fvf iwG jvf! kfpDm jsv jhsvv dlsj diE bf jvf. jhsvv iadk nmcJ jsv
bfmfp iVf. jhvhfnDsj bfufskv znDtf hf dhisl ncifdvwjfvD mfbf, kfv
znDtfq lczf jvf. kfv bfsm zffrv iv jnm JfWqf. kfv dbje nfrfpA,
nfb, nil, ncJ W dhil mcd yfWqf. jhsvv ifsw LAfb W dpjXv jvf. jhv
dpqfvskv iv efifsq W jhvsj nfmsb jsv dIsv zfnf. mndusl jfsvf
jhv slWqf. jhsvv iv vn, smtf iaHxdk ifsiv dmtbs[ zbcfb jvf,
yflv yVfsbf.

mlDbf dhNqj dhlzfk

94

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mlDbfhfnDv mndusl bhhD iashw jfst iaskAjhfv bhDv jhv dpqfvk jvf.
kf]v jhv dpqfvskv sswA mlDbf nIv jvf. bfmfpDv mk dhbq nrjfsv
jhsvv iadk mcJ jsv JfVf rsq lvl W lczf ifE jvf. kf]v dbje sofbfrv
doIfv yfWqf. (3) kf]v dbje nfrfpA yfWqf, kf]sj znDtf mfbf, kf]v bfm
dbsq zffrv iv jnm JfWqf, kf]v dbje wfIfzfk yfWqf. iasqfub dtsJ
uvfv hf kf]v Lfsv-ifsw dbs[i jvf. kf]v hf zbA jfsvf jhsvv iv zfkv
YVfsbf. rfuDslv nfsK nftfm ifEfsbf, dyvjce W zfkv ifEfsbf. kfdrqAfkct
mndul bf isV jhv dpqfvk. tf nmq Lsv uvfv iadk mcJ jsv dbsuv ubA
lczf jvf. jfsvf mxkcA dlhn iftb jvf. bhD dpqfvkjfvDv nh iasqfub
ufsbb msb jvf. kf]v jhvsj nfmsb jsv Yfjxk bfmfp iVf hf dpjXv jvf.
mlDbfv dpqfvsk mndusl bhhD W mndusl jchf YfVf zbAfbA mndul
nWqfshv sswA dpqfvk jvf. mndusl bhhDv smrvfh, dmfv, uvfv svdtQ
kAfdl iwG jsv kfhfvGj oarB. mlDbfq dpqfvsk mndusl bhhDsk ydn
Wqf bfmfp iVsk rq msb jvf. nhcu ocu sKsj odVsq iVf ifdb fvf
kfhfvGj oarB jvf. iaKm jfkfv sYsV zfnt mndusl bfmfp. iakAr hfjD'v
jhvfb dpqfvk. mndul sKsj ef ifsq shv rWqf. bhD -v
nmfdLs[sj zffrv zfvw zsi[f zdLj mpGflfiCBG msb jvf!

dhhfr dhNqj dhlzfk

dhhfsr iaydtk jciaKf W dhlzfk spmb, jbAfis[v dbje rsk hvis[v
sntfmD, OcN hf iB oarB. sjfeGdwi (svfiDq iaKfq dhhfsrv iCshG if-ifDv
msLA rlsqv zflfb ialfb). hv, (mfrvfm zKhf sjfb mdrtf) YfVf zbA jfsvf
h slJf. hv jkxGj jsbsj iqofsmv zcvD ivfsbf hQ HdhNAsk kf kfslv
lfikA-ncsJv jfvB Hfhf W Jcst sItst zmstv zfwf jvf, sjfb dbdlG
(3) zffr kfzftf hstb, pJb kfvf dbsuslv iadk pctcm jsv, kJb pdl kfvf skfmfv
(bhDv) dbje zfnk W zffrv dbje [mf iafKGbf jvk hQ vnCtW kfslv ubA [mf yfk,
ksh dbyq kfvf zffrsj [mfwDt W ivm lqftcvsi sik. (nCvf dbnf 64 zfqfk)
doIfv kf]v ifdKGh uDhsb uDdhkfhfv jKf. kf]v mxkcAv iv vi zfwf dbYj Hct W
dhlzfk. nckvfQ kf]v jhv dpqfvk jvst jfsvf ifi [q rq bf.

dhlzfk liGB

95

dlsb hf mfsn dhsq wcH hf zwcH msb jvf. dhsqv jKf (n) ytfjftDb jsb
dFm Hfst dhsq pfsh Hfhf. tob Lvfsbf, ofsq rtcl. (zhwA nmsq slsrv
v t jvfv sswA ofsq rtcl mfJst dH jKf.) rfsk ncskf vfJf. nfsK
p]fdk, jfuttkf hf sjfb stfrf vfJf. jsbv mfKfq dwhskt Tftf. dTdj mtf.
zftmktfq tfkf W dnlcv slWqf. hv-jsbsj zfhcsVf hf KchsVf Hfk
JfWqfsbf. (dhswN jsv omA icvsNv rfsk omAf bfvDv hQ omAf bfvDv rfsk
omA icvsNv Hfk W [Dv JfWqf zShL .) hvpfD hf jsbpfD lv-jNfjdN jsv
iasqfusbv zdLj dosq zivis[v znmdk nsW uhvld kfv sJsq Jvy
hxd jvf. sYst dhsq jvsk pfhfv nmq ofdVsk yVst ilGf jsv sYstv ifsq
mfsqv skt dlsq dufnf jvf, `hfhf! sjfKfq ytst?' sYst hst, `mf! skfmfv
ubA lfnD zfbsk yttfm.' (de Jch Lch nkA jKf. Osv Osv hLc dbpGfkb
v nfd[.) dhlfsqv nmq mcsJ lcL Hfk slWqf.
hv zfomb jsv mrfv mndusl dosq dhdw sjfb bfmfp zflfq jvf. (zhwA
dhsq mndusl iVfsbf rst mndusl iashw jsv hnfv iCshG 2 vfjzfk
kfdrqAfkct mndul njtsj iVsk rq. mndusl shbfmfpD, zidh W
LCmifqD kAfdl hv hf jsbpfD svsJ mnduslv mfb b jvf sjfbsm ShL
bq.) iDv ktfq (!) hsvv nftfm jvf. zftmktfq (spJfsb hv-jsbsj
hnfsbf rq snJfsb) Ucsj mfde hf dhYfbf Yc]sq nftfm jvf. lwGjsj hf idk
mudtnsj vi nftfm jvf. (zfnnftfmc zftfjcm hst nftfm jvf nck.
s[s bfvD-icvsNv zhfL dmtfdmwf W ofb-hfubfv jKf skf htf hftA.
pfsk mcndtm vdywDt oxrjkGfv tf W zffr-HDdk rWqf dyk.) ifbsHfusb ziyq jvf.
bfmmf smfrv hf]Lf W zflfq bf jvf hf jvfv dbqk bf vfJf. dhsufV efjfv
slbsmfrv hf]Lf. slbsmfrsvv djYc efjf hfdj vfJsk rq, (zfv isBv efjf
jVfq jVfq zflfq jsv dlsk rq) msb jvf. slbsmfrsvv oqbf W jfiVfdl
jf]snv Kftfq zfbf. dhsq iVfsbfv nmq Kftfq slb smfrsvv suWvfdlv nfsK
ifb-ncifdv vfJf. hvsj sjhtf mcsJ hnfsbf. jsbv dbje pXb hf dhhfsrv
zbcmdk sbWqfv zbcfb hQ ztD hkGmfb Kfjf nsW zbA jfsvf pXb
kth. zbcfsb jsbsj sef jsv nfqf-hfu ivfsbf. hkGmfb iaydtk

96

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djt-nf[D hfbfsbfv iaKf. (zKy ifDv smZdJj zbcmdkv iv sjfb nf[Dv

iasqfub sb. v ubA kfv kvI sKsj (zbcmdk sisq) zdHHfhsjv
zbcmdk psK. hsvv Djfsvfdv nmq jmis[ lc ub icvN nf[D uvvD.)
zfjXslv swsN njstv rfk kcst ufmfzfkD lczf. hvsj zLG ofn wvhk W
zLG ifb sJsk slWqf hQ zhdw dY zLGgwvhk W ifb jsbsj sJsk
slWqf. ufmf slJsk bfbf mfkfmfdk W `dydb' sJtf. hv-jsb jdk jsv
njstv nfmsb of]eYVf hf]Lf iaHxdk dhdH jDdkG. dhsq dhlfq bf rWqf ipG
U]fVc bf slWqf. hLc hvsBv nmq skt-Ict hf dmd hAhrfv. bhhLcsj iaKm
dlsb wv hfdVsk sJsk sb msb jvf. hfnv Osv j sise fmD-D Hfk
sJsk Dv sie Lsv Kfjf. hLcv dhlfqjfst hVslv if Ycsq nftfm hQ dmf
dhkvB. lcL kAfdl dlsq hfnv Eff. dhhfsrv iv `rfdbmcb' W dhhfr hfdNGjD
iftb.
kftfsjv dhlzfk spmb, Dv mfdnj zhfq kftfj, sp idhkfq nrhfn
jvf rsqsY sn idhkfq kftfj. kftfsjv iv jnm JfWqf. j mudtsn
dkb kftfj.

dw dhNqj dhlzfk
dwwcv um nQf iaydtk dhlzfk spmb, odHGbDsj nfk-Hfk W i]fyHfuf
JfWqfsbfv zbcfb. B b rWqfv Hsq dhdH kfhDp-sbfqf h]fLf. sjfb wvqD
hf Shfdbj srkc dhbf zbA sjfb srkc hf jfvsB nfb z hf dhjtf rsh
Hfhf. ianh rsk j rst ianCdkv ufs jcvzfbD (!) hf zbA kfhDp hf]Lf. ianh
rWqfv nmq ianCdkoxsr sY]Vf uft, mcsVf U]fef, stfrf kAfdl vfJf. lc jcdV dlb
hf ydw dlsbv idhkf zbcfb. (pdlW ianCdk iCshG idhf rsq sosY zKhf
isv rsh.) Jkbfv nmq (mcntmfdbsk) dhdH zfVv W [Dv JfWqfsbfv Oef.
bhufk dwwcsj ydw dlb zdkhfdrk bf rWqfv iCshG Ov rsk shv jvsk sb
msb jvf. bpv tfofv Hsq dwwcv jifstv ifsw hf ofst jfdtv sIf]ef slWqf hf
zfct jfmVfsbf. jcstfsk hsn hfyf dY]jst zncJ YfsV bf Hfhf. jbAf dwwcv
um[sB kfv jfsb (zfpfsbv idvhskG) hfde hfufsbf.
dtkjrDbHfsh jfsvf um rst dIdvf Jkbf jsvsY Hfhf hQ isv ifb

dhlzfk liGB

97

jfef W dtsv iv Jcv dIvfsbf. dwwcv um hfdNGjD hf `rAfdi hfKGsF' iftb.

l W ivh dhNqj dhlzfk

iaydtk ift-ifhGsbv dhlzfk spmb, bhD dlhn, Ifskrf qfplrm,
slfqfplrm, zfsJvD yfrfv swff, wsh dm'vfu, ucmzfkct dhlzfr, wshhvfk,
kfv bfmfp-svfpf W lDifhtDnr dhdH Oef. mrvGm W kfv kf'dpqf, dbwfbf,
mdnGqf, hflA W zfkiarfv fvf swfjiftb hQ zbAfbA nmfsvfr. (4) mrvGsmv
yftsw jvf. bhf (!) hQ siZNifhGb (!) iftb.
slv dhlzfk spmb, nmsv slv kjhDv ifE. zShL dudbn fvf nfunf hQ zShL sJt-kfmfwf fvf JcwD jvf. slv bfmfp isV jhv dpqfvk.
sHfsuv lfWqfsk k}iasBfdlkHfsh Jvsy zdkvb jvf. ldvla sYsV sjht
LbDslvsj lfWqfk slWqf. bkcb oxr dbmGfsBv iv sfLb jvf hf dub-HCk
dhkfVsBv sswA mDtfl iVfsbf. (zhwA bkcb Osvv JcwDsk ifb-sHfub jvfsbf
lCNBDq bq.) sjfb iadkfb sfLsb dIkf jfef iaHxdk zbcfb.

dhdhL dhlzfk
Jfhfv nmq Ffb ofst, hfm ofst hQ dost sbWqfv iv dbdlG dpjXv hf lczf,
sJsk sJsk dhdH dpjXv. WNcL JfWqfv zfso `zff wfID--' htf.
sjfb mnDhk hf ivfusqv nmq jfstf jfiV idvLfb jsv hf jfstf dbwfbf
(4) nshv msLA mfkm jvf ufsrdtqfskv jciaKf. iajfw Kfsj sp, zfwCvfv dlsb rpvk
nfb (vf}) wrDl rsqsYb hst svfpf vfJf rq bf. hvQ dlsb hQ Wv zfso zfv jdlb
svfpf vfJf vnCt -v nck W dbslGw. rpvk nfb -v ubA dlsb zKhf zfv jfsvf
ubA sjfb dlsb swfj hf mxkcAdlhn iftb jvf dhlzfk. zfwCvfv dlbsj swfjiftsbv dlbvsi
oarB jsv dwqfvf hQ dlbsj l hf JcwDv dlbvsi oarB jsv bfsnhDvf (pfvf rpvk zftD
W kf]v hQwLsvv iadk dhsN vfsJ.) ncD hf zfrst ncfrv dbje dlb sjht bhD -v
ncfrv zbcjvsB svfpf iftsbv dlb.

98

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dVsq swfj iftb. hlbpv lCv jvsk kfhDp, sbfqf, ncskf, sY]Vf uft hf
ucskf, mcsVf Uf]ef, Hff rf]dV iaHxdk hAhrfv. sswA dwwcv ifw jifst hf
ofst jfstf sIfef slWqf. ofsY Hff rf]dV W ofdVsk sY]Vf ucskf hf]Lf. Ints[sk mfbcsNv zfjfsv sjfb mCdkG ofVf.(5) kfhDp-of, stfrf W kfmfv kfv,
wJ W uDhw]fJ iaHxdk zfsvfsoAv sswA hAhrfv. sjfb ifJDv rfV, iftj,
sjfb iwcv yct iaHxdkv kfhDp hf]Lf. JfWqfv nmq sj slJst sise tfof hf
bpv tfofv Hsq djYc Jfhfv mfdesk sItf.
sjfb hAd, dkrfdnj fb jhv kAfdl fvf kfhfvGj oarB. iDv hf
mfpfsvv bfsm iwc {noG jvf. ofqvfrv bfsm ov, Jfdn iaHxdk YfVf hf mfbk
jvf. nQnfvkAfoD hf ShvfoD rWqf. jfm lmsbv sswA Jfdn jvf. slr
iDVsbv nfsK sjfb hflk jvf. (zffrv nfdLA tfsHv sswA) sjfb
rftft hsj rfvfm jvf. wvDqksj fsbv dbdsk Wub jvf. Dsb dhdH
lt nxd jvf. kfnfhcI hf vfubDdk fvf ntfmD lfWqfk wcv jvf.(6)
zdHbq, ibAfn-ifJAfb, out-oDdk, hfqfk kAfdlsj lfWqfskv znDtf
mfbf. `tf tfrf ffr'v zKG `zffr hAkDk sjfb wfnj, dhLfblfkf, iaHc
hf jkGf sb' jvf.(7)
LmDGq iasb dhlzfk spmb, zffr zfvsw djHfsh zfnDb zfsYb? zffrv
zhqh zfsY dj bf? kf]v rfk-if sjmb? zfjfsw sbsm st zfvw Jfdt rq
djbf? kAfdl.

zmCtj dhwfn dhNqj dhlzfk

zmCtj dhhfn W jcLfvBfv dhlzfk spmb, sjfb dhdw (pf wvDqk jkxGxj
dbslGdwk bq mb) mfn, dlb, [B hf fsb zpKf wcHfwcH zfwf W LfvBf vfJf.
spmb, zmfhwAfq zmcj rq, vdhhfsv hf]w jfesk sb uv rq. hxridkhfv
(5) iajfw sp mCdkG ofVf rfvfm. kf pdl s[sk ifJD dhkfVsbv sswA rq hQ iajxkis[ kf
ItianC W uvvD rq ksh mj bf oVf dyk.
(6) spsrkc njt zfdqf zftfdrmcn nftfkc nftfmosBv nck kWrDl fvf Dsbv lfWqfk W
khtDo wcv jvf. zfv kWrDl ntfmD lfWqfskv mCt hcdbqfl.
(7) tf tfrf ffrv ndEj zKG rt, zffr YfVf zbA sj ndkAjfv mfhcl hf ifnA sb.

dhlzfk liGB

99

zmcj jvsk rq hf kfv dhjft W nAf zwcH. zmcj mfsn dhsq sb. mtmfsn
sjfb wcH jfu sb. zmcj dlsb pff sb kAfdl msb jvf.
zmcsjv mcJ, Jfdt jtnD, jfdt r]fdV hf zbA djYc slsJ, jfsvf bfm, jfj,
jcjcv hf zbA iafBDv Ffj wcsb zmstv zfwf jvf. diYc Ffjst, Ffsbv
dwqft h]fsq sost pff zH rq zKhf jfu nIt rq bf msb jvf. zmcj
dudbn vfs hf njfst shv jvsk hf dlsk hf shysk sb kAfdl Hfhf. sjfb
vfdwysj mtfmt hf hxd-zbfhxdv jfvB Hfhf.
zfsvf rfnAjv znfv (smsqdt) dhhfn spmb, jfs fvf mfdesk zf]j dlst
slbf rq. dwwcv jfb mtst kfv rfqfk jsm pfq. wvjfdE hf hfm rfk fvf
zfOfk jvst (zfOfk iaf dwwc) jxw rsq (wcdjsq) pfq. sjfmsv if sEjst
hAKf rq. hfdtsw if iVst OfsV hAKf rq. wfj dFfst dusH hAKf rq. Osv
Hff zfqbf vfJst ovDh rsk rq.
bfifj zhfq ofsY rfk dlst ofY mfvf pfq. mcsJ dmd dbsq sjfb ItofY
tfofst kfv It dk rq bf. sJt (jflf mfJfmfdJ) sJtst, zfsJv shfUfv
iv hnst hf hAfsMv dhsq dlst hxd rq. hfm syfJ tfIfst sbfjnfb W Ffb
syfJ tfIfst tfH rq. hfsmv dwqft Ffsb sost zKhf kfv dhivDk sost
tfH zKhf sbfjnfb rq. otfq JflA hf ifbDq tfost sjfb zfkDq nvB jsv.
iaKm dFsm sbfVf hctfst mcvoD sbfVfv mk hV hV dFm slq. yftcb hctfst kfv
dYla nmfb znQJA dFm ifsV. dwwcv Hff lf]k ifdbsk sItst zKhf ]lcsvv
oskG dlst mfY hf ]lcsvv mk nv nv lf]k rq! Hftcsjv stfm hAhrfv jvst
uv pfq. pff isK hfdV sKsj shv rsk sj diYc Ffjst pff wcH rq bf hf
jfu dn rq bf kAfdl zspZdj dhhfn.
bkcb ov mdrN q jvst kfv if Lcsq skt (!) slWqf. ovv ifsq U]fef
sEjfsk sb msb jvf. ov mfvf sost kfv mcsJ lChGfOfn vfJf. ofdHb ofsqv
otfq zfmVfv zf]de, yfdhjfdE, jdV, yfmVf kAfdl h]fLf. nlAufk hfYcsvv otfq
tfkfjfdb hf]Lf, ov ivshv (?) dlb ov-Yfostv ofsq vdb Yfi slWqf.
jfiV dbsyfVf ifdb ifsq dbst zncJ YfsV bf, kftifkfv ifJf Ocvfsbfv nmq
jfsvf ofsq tfost zncJ rq. (kfv ubA mfdesq sEjfsk rq.) jsw Of (wftjD)
rst wfdtj ifdJv ifsqv Lcstfq Hft rq. mfKfq mfKfq sEfjf sost hQ

100

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dkDqhfv bf Ecjst dwQ oufq! lc rf]ec sosV Hfk sJst mf-hfsiv mfKf JfWqf
rq, zfmfdbsk rfk Lcst mvfv nmq sYst dbu mf-hfsiv mcJ slJsk ifq bf.
sjfb jKf yftfjftDb sj rf]yst zKhf dejdedj zfWqfu dlst jKfv
nkAfqb rq. lc mcvoD mcsJfmcJD rst, rfk rsk (dyvbD, hfde hf zbA) djYc
iVst zKhf oxsrv Yfsl hf yfst jfsj zflfv JfWqfst hfdVsk jcecm zfsn.
ifsq mdl mfJsk sb (jfvB bhD nfsrh lf]dVsk tfdosqdYstb kf!)
wfrfl{ zfcst ycb tfofsk sb, vfsk bJ jfesk sb, yct zfy]Vfsk sb,
zfqbf slJsk sb. vfskv shtfq yft dydhsq sJsk sb, vfsk zfct sIfefsk
sb. nAfshtfq Hfk sJsk sb. (jfvB sn nmq mWkfvf Jfq.) Hf mfsn
U]fef djbsk sb, sofqfst mfde dlsk sb. zoarfqb mfsn jcjcv-dhVftsj dY
jvsk sb. UcdV-U]fef hfsv vfJsk sb. Lfsbv Lcstf UfVsk sb. (zfrf
Lfsbv Lcstf ifq sj?) Jfhfv dudbn Uf]ef jsv UfVsk sb. (spsrkc mf t[Dsj
Uf]ef mfvf rq kf!) ivD[f dlsk pfhfv zfso dFm sJsk sb. (sJsq ivD[f
dlst dFsmv mk bv zKGf{ dusvf ifsh.)
di]qfu vnCsbv Yft bf sifVfsbf. Lfsbv vfn W ifefv iv JsVv zf]de vfJf.
softfv bDsy Oc]se vfJf. mfifv swsN djYc yft dIdvsq dbsq hjGskv zfwf. mfifv
wcvsk `dhndmfr' hf j htfv idvhskG hjGk htf. jnfslv sofs sofX
smsv hjGskv zfwf. Lfb-yft ifYcvsk jcstf Jfdt bf jvf. Osvv mclcbD kctsk
dnlcv hAhrfv. sYst Ocmfhfv nmq jfsj sjflft dlst kfsk ifdb dlsq
slWqf. sYst sjfst Kfjst sjflft jcVct rfsk hrb bf jvf.
zjfsv hsn hf l]fdVsq zKhf r]fesk r]fesk djYc sJst hf ifb jvst,
mxkhAdv ifsw zfrfv jvst, Hff ifs zfrfv jvst, idvdrk jfisV rfk
mcYst, idvdrk jfiV dntf jvst, Hff zfqbfq mcJ slJst, UfVc dlsq Osvv
msLA mqtf umf vfJst, JfWqf swsN r]fdVjcdV bf Lcsq vfJst, Wpc jvfv nmq
zsrkcj jKf htst, sr]se sr]se l]fkb jvst, sktfzskv dnulfq slvD jvst,
mqtf jfiV hf sY]Vf uckf-Jvm hAhrfv jvst, fsbv stfm 40 dlsbv
shwD sYsV vfJst zKhf kf j]fdy fvf idvjfv jvst, ifdbsk ianafh jvst,
t rsq sofnt jvst, ufbfpfv zfso zfso r]fest, dhbf WpCsk r]fesk
r]fesk lvl wvDI iVst idvhfsv W uDhsb zwfd sbsm zfsn LfvBf jvf.

dhlzfk liGB

101

l]fk dlsq bJ jfest, vfdjfst jfjD mB jvst, hfm rfsk sjfb dudbn
zflfb-ialfb jvst rlq ifNfB rsq pfq LfvBf vfJf.
srtfb dlsq zfrfv jvst, OfsVv iwm jfdmsq sItst, jcb sisq uDdhk
sYsV dlst mxdkwd stfi ifq msb jvf.
iajfv dhhfnok zmCtj smsqtD dhlzfk pf dhdH zst dhdH vjm
rsq Kfsj hQ pfv shwDv Hfo `hcdV'slv dbje rsk `drIXp' W svWqfqfk
jvf rsq Kfsj.
idvswsN

dhlzfk vJh djHfsh?

(1) pKfnHh zdLjfdLj ncfr ufbf W iayfv jvfv mfLsmA dhlzfskv

mcjfdhtf jvsk ifvf pfq.
(2) dhlzfk vJfv ubA nmfsuv njt swaBDv mfbcsNv hQ dhswN jsv
dwd[kslv dbdlG jkGhA vsqsY. kmsLA tfmfslv jkGhA W HCdmjf nhsysq
zdLj vkiCBG. njt vjm hfLf W nfKGsj QOb jsv hAdok W nfmfduj
uDhsbv njt s[s nrDr ncfrsj hfhfqb jsv, kfv iaskAjde dbslGswv
iv zfmt jsv dbsuslv uDhb W nmfu osV kcst zfmvf dhlzfksj
iadkrk jvsk ifdv.
(3) dhlzfk nxdv sp nm mCt jfvB vsqsY kf LQn W dbmGCt jsv
dhlzfskv iaflcHGfh sKsj zfmvf h]fysk ifdv.
(4) sp zfstm udkrfslv ipc bq kf]v dbje rsk sjfb udkrflD mk
oarB jvh bf hQ zHfsh kf]v hAdskv Jfdksv kf]v udkrfl msk zfmt
jvh bf.
(5) lfv W sJftf msb jcvzfb W nrDr ncfrv z fvf iaydtk iaKf W
jcnQfsvv wvqD zifsvwb jvh hQ hAfifsv muhck z sjht jcvzfb,
nrDr hf rfnfb rflDn hQ nrDrHfsh iamfdBk nfrfhfslv zflwGsj mfbh.
zfv `Ifpfsqst zf'mfst pqDI rflDn hAhrfv ytsh' kjG jsv pqDI,
pqDI duf W mWpc' rflDsnv iv zfmt jvh bf.

102

dhlzfk liGB

(6) zfmvf sjfb mkhflDv hAd iCuf jsv zKhf sjfb ltDq bDdkv Hd
iCuf jsv kfv sjfb vfq, uskrfl W mkhfslv z i[ifdkk jvh bf.
zfmfslv sswA W t[A rsh `rj' bAfq W iajxk nskAv bfoft. pfv znDtf
rsh wc iadkifdlk W pcdpc ltDt.
(7) jfu pk sYfe srfj, kfsk zfmvf ncfrv nDmftQOb jvh bf.
(8) nfLfvB `wcb-smZtHD' zfstm W WflDslvsj Iskfqf slWqf rsk vJh
hQ zfmvf kfslvsj sjfb Iskfqf dufnf jvh bf, pfvf Iskfqf slWqfv
ipc bq, kfslv Iskfqf mfbhW bf; pdl ufdb sp, iajxk mcIkDosBv Iskfqf
v idviD.
(9) zfmvf sjfb dhhfn hf jmGok dhNsq sjfb dhLmDGv zbcjvB jvh bf.
mcndtmslv iadk zmcndtmslv dhhfn W iaKfv zbciashw-iK niCBGvsi h jvh.
(10) DbD dhNsq zfmvf fbsj iafLfbA slh bf, hvQ fb W njt djYcv
nxdjkGf nhG zffrv drjmk W pcdsj iafLfbA slh; pdlW zfmfslv dbje
kf shfLomA bq. (dhfdvk lahA, zft-dhlzfr, kfrlDlcrf zmfWdjIct ntfdm dmbrf 493-498ix})
nh djYc pdl zfmvf jvsk ifdv, kfrst bwfzffr slJh sp, dhlzfk W
dhlzfkD Lvf sKsj dyvksvv ubA dhlfq dbsqsY. zffr zfmfslv njtsj
kf jvfv kWIDj W siavBf dlb. zfmDb.

znfff zftf bfdhdqAbf mcrfmfl, zzftf zfdtrD znfrdhrD zfumfb.

dhlzfk liGB

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