1.

Cu hnh Joomla gi/nhn mail vi GMail

Thursday, 02 July 2009 08:45 Vic cu hnh Joomla cho php gi/nhn mail (email) thng qua ti khon GMail hay mt ti khon mail ca mt hng bt k c s dng giao thc bo mt SSL/TLS c cng ng Joomla cp v bn tn nhiu, nhng phi cho n phin bn Joomla 1.5.12 c pht hnh ngy hm qua (01/7/2009), tnh nng ny mi chnh thc c mt trong mc cu hnh Global Configuration. V y thc s l tin vui i vi cc webmaster, v hin c kh nhiu ngi ang phi s dng host free hay nhng host khng h tr gi/nhn mail. Thao tc cu hnh kh n gin. u tin cc bn m trang qun tr, m mc "Global Configuration" v chn tab "Server", sau tm phn "Mail Settings" v cu hnh nh sau:

Mailer: SMTP Server Mail From: a ch th ca bn From Name: Tiu th SMTP Authentication: Yes SMTP Security: SSL SMTP Port: 465 SMTP Username: Your Gmail username SMTP Password: Your Gmail password SMTP Host: smtp.gmail.com

Chc cc bn thnh cng. Trong trng hp bn va nng cp ln Joomla 1.5.12, c th phn "Mail Settings" khng xut hin ng nh trn th bn ch cn chnh sa mt thng s bt k no , sau nhn nt [Save] Joomla! nhn cc thng s mi.

Keyword:

joomla, mail, email, gmail, smtp, ssl, tls, global, configuration, server, username, password, host cu hnh, gi, nhn, th

2.Cch trnh by trang Homepage (Frontpage)

Homepage trong Joomla! c ci t v th hin thng qua mt thnh phn c bit l com_frontpage. Do vy trong Joomla! trang homepage cn c gi l Front Page. Thng qua trang Front Page bn c th trnh by mt s cch: dng blog, dng kt hp blog + chia ct... Vi nhng ai mi lm quen vi Joomla, cc tham s i km trang Frontpage nh: leading, intro, colums, links... c th gy kh khn. Tuy nhin hi vng vi mt vi bc n gin di y bn hon ton c th lm ch Frontpage.

Bc 1: ng nhp vo trang qun tr (back-end).

VD: http://vinaora.com/administrator

Bc 2: Vo phn qun l menu

Theo mc nh, trang Homepage c t trong "Main Menu". M menu Menus --> Main Menu --> chn "Home" v quan st cc tham s ty chnh bn tay phi (mc "Parameters"). VD bn thit lp nh hnh bn, bn s c kt qu nh di y:

Lu :
qun l cc bi vit ca trang FrontPage bn m menu "Content" --> "Front Page Manager" c trang Homepage ging nh VnExpress (cc bi vit c trnh by ln lt theo cc ch ) bn cn tm v ci t mt component chng hn nh: D4Ezine, iJoomla...

Mt vi cu hi lin quan:

iu chnh trang Frontpage nh th no? Edit trang Frontpage u? Chnh ct frontpage? Chuyn blog content t 2 sang 1? B cc Front page (intro, read more)

Keyword: frontpage, front-page, Front Page

3. Quy trnh to mt bi vit trong Joomla!

Content (bi vit) trong Joomla! c t chc theo m hnh phn cp v ch gm 2 mc. Mc cao nht: Section (phn/mc), mc tip theo: Category (chuyn mc) l mc con ca Section.

Bn c th xem s di y hoc hnh v m t bn cnh. |Section| --------|Category| -----------------|Content 1| -----------------|Content 2| Do vy to mt bi vit chng ta cn thc hin ti a l 3 bc.

Bc 1. To Section (phn/mc). Bc 2: To Category (chuyn mc). Bc 3: To Content (bi vit).

Ch :

Khi to Website nn nh hnh v to ngay cc phn/mc (Section) v cc chuyn mc (Category) tng ng. Joomla! ch h tr phn cp thnh 2 mc nh trn. Do vy nu mun chia thnh nhiu mc hn bn cn tm mt component h tr t site: http://extensions.joomla.org

Keyword: bi vit, chuyn mc, content, section, category

4. Khc phc li khng th upload nh

Trnh qun l nh "Media Manager" ca Joomla c mt chc nng rt hay: Cho php upload nhiu nh cng lc v hin th mc % hon thnh cng vic. Tuy nhin trong trng hp nu nh bn ci t phin bn Flash Player 10 th chc nng trn s b v hiu ha, khng c bt c mt ca s no xut hin khi bn nhn vo nt [Browse Files].

Hnh 01: Trnh upload nh mc nh ca Joomla khng hot ng khi ci Flash 10 Hnh 02: S dng trnh upload nh n gin (upload tng file mt) Li ny cng nh hng ti tt c cc trnh upload nh/video/flash c s dng cng ngh Flash ch khng ring g Joomla. khc phc li trn c 2 cch:

Khng ci t Flash 10 Hoc vo Site > Global Configuration > Media Settings > mc "Enable Flash Uploader" chn No

Tt b trnh upload nh da trn Flash ca Joomla

Tham kho thm:

Vn vi trnh upload Li upload nh vi phin bn Flash 10 Nhng thay i v bo mt trong phin bn Flash 10

Keyword:

joomla, upload, flash, 10, media, media settings trnh upload, nh, khng hot ng, v hiu ha, ca s, li

5. Li "session.save_path" Bin session.save_path c dng lm g?

Trn cc Webserver chy PHP, thng tin v phin lm vic hin ti ca ngi s dng thng c lu vo cc file khc nhau v t vo mt th mc no . Chng hn:

th mc "C:\wamp\tmp", "D:\xampp\tmp"... (i vi h thng Windows) th mc "/tmp", "/usr/var/tmp", "/var/lib/php/session"... (i vi h thng Linux)

Th mc m Webserver dng lu cc phin lm vic ny c khai bo thng qua bin "session.save_path" v nm trong file "php.ini" ging nh di y:

[Session] ; Handler used to store/retrieve data. session.save_handler = files ; Path to store data session.save_path = "c:/wamp/tmp" ; Whether to use cookies. session.use_cookies = 1 ; Name of the session (used as cookie name). session.name = PHPSESSID ; Initialize session on request startup. session.auto_start = 0 ...

Nhng li c th xy ra vi bin "session.save_path"

Do bin "session.save_path" c khai bo trong file "php.ini" nn khi ci t cng nh khi s dng Joomla! c 2 kh nng li c th xy ra:

Bin "session.save_path" cha c thit lp, ngha l c gi tr l "None" hoc "Not Set" Bin "session.save_path" c thit lp l ng dn ti mt th mc no , nhng bn li khng c quyn ghi i vi th mc ny - "Unwriteable"

Cch x l li
Bc 1: Xc nh gi tr hin ti ca bin "session.save_path"
To mt file "session.php" c ni dung nh sau:
<?php echo (($sp=ini_get('session.save_path')) ?$sp:( 'none' ) ); ?>

Sau m link ti file ny. VD: http://vinaora.com/joomla/session.php. Thng tin hin th trn mn hnh chnh l ng dn ti th mc cha session ca Webserver.

Bc 2: Thit lp li gi tr bin "session.save_path"

u tin to mt th mc (hoc chn mt th mc) m bn c quyn ghi ln n. Thit lp Writeable (nu l Host Windows) hoc CHMOD 777 (nu l Host Linux) cho th mc ny.

To mt file ".htaccess" th mc gc cha Joomla ca bn vi ni dung sau:

php_value session.save_path "/duong/dan/sesion/moi"

Khng phi HOSTING no cng cho php bn thit lp li bin "session.save_path" bng file ".htaccess". Trong trng hp ny bn cn lin h trc tip vi HOSTING v ngh h thit lp li gip bn. Hoc to mt file "php.ini" th mc gc cha Joomla ca bn vi ni dung sau:
session.save_path = "/duong/dan/session/moi"

Nu bn ang lm trn LOCALHOST th ch cn m file php.ini v chnh sa trc tip, sau khi ng li Webserver. Bn cng cn lu : Khng phi HOSTING no cng cho php bn thit lp li bin "session.save_path" bng file "php.ini". Hoc bn phi copy file ny ti mi th mc. Trong trng hp ny bn cn lin h trc tip vi HOSTING v ngh h thit lp li gip bn. Hoc m file "configuration.php" v thm vo u file on m sau:
<?php ?> ini_set('session.save_path','/duong/dan/session/moi');

Lu chung:
Thay "/duong/dan/session/moi" bng ng dn ph hp vi Host ca bn, chng hn "D:\www\vinaora.com\tmp"; "/home/vinaora/public_html/tmp", "/var/www/vinaora.com/public_html/tmp"...

Keyword:

session, save, path, session.save_path, php, php.ini, htaccess, hosting, localhost, webserver li, bin, bin session, thit lp, ng dn

Cu hi lin quan:

B li vi bin "session.save_path"? X l li "Session save path" nh th no?

6. Li thiu b nh "Allowed memory size of 8388608..."

Qu trnh ci t hoc cu hnh mt thnh phn m rng ca Joomla nh: component, module, mambot/plugin, template... khng phi lc no cng sun s. i khi do thnh phn m rng - extension gm qu nhiu file + dung lng ln + hoc thao tc cn nhiu b nh s gy ra li thiu b nh v xut hin mn hnh thng bo li nh sau:
Fatal error: Allowed memory size of 8388608 bytes exhausted (tried to allocate 19456 bytes) in ...

khc phc li ny chng ta cn tng gi tr gii hn b nh PHP. Gi tr gii hn b nh ca PHP mc nh l 8M = 8388608 bytes, do c th thay i gi tr ny bng 32M chng hn (bn hon ton c th thit lp nhiu hn ty theo dung lng RAM hin c ca server)

Cch 1: Dng file ".htaccess"

To file ".htaccess" th mc gc cha Joomla ca bn vi ni dung sau:

php_value memory_limit 32M

Lu : Khng phi HOSTING no cng cho php bn thit lp li bin "session.save_path" bng file ".htaccess". Trong trng hp ny bn cn lin h trc tip vi HOSTING v ngh h thit lp li gip bn.

Cch 2: Dng file "php.ini"

To file "php.ini" vi ni dung sau v t vo th mc cha Joomla

memory_limit = 32M

Nu bn ang lm trn LOCALHOST th ch cn m file php.ini v chnh sa trc tip, sau khi ng li Webserver. Lu : Khng phi HOSTING no cng cho php bn thit lp li bin "session.save_path" bng file "php.ini". Hoc bn phi copy file ny ti mi th mc. Trong trng hp ny bn cn lin h trc tip vi HOSTING v ngh h thit lp li gip bn.

Cch 3: Dng file "configuration.php"

Thm on sau vo u file "configuration.php":

<?php ini_set("memory_limit","32M"); ?>

Trong tnh hung ci t thnh phn m rng (extension)

Nu li ny xy ra khi ci t thnh phn m rng bn c th lm nh sau:

Gii nn gi thnh phn m rng m bn cn ci t Upload ln mt th mc no trn Server. Khi ci t, chn ci t t mt th mc cha thnh phn m rng (ty chn 2) Nhn nt ci t

Keyword:

8388608, memory, memory_limit, size, fatal, error, bytes li, b nh, gii hn

Cu hi lin quan:

B li b nh Li 8388608 l g? X l li b nh "8388608" nh th no?

7. Li ng nhp vo Joomla c th do nhng nguyn nhn no?

Mt s nguyn nhn

1. Do b ci t Joomla

Bn nn ci t/nng cp ln bn Joomla mi nht v nh backup trc khi thc hin t cu hi ti http://forum.joomla.org/ hoc http://www.joomlaviet.org/forum/

2. Do Web Server, Hosting

Hy chc chn rng Web Server ca bn ang bnh thng. Hi Hosting xem liu gn y h c cu hnh li hay nng cp, cp nht, sa i g khng? Khuyn co s dng phn mm Web Server: WAMP hoc XAMPP (gm: Apache+MySQL+PHP) nu bn ang s dng localhost lm Web Serrver

3. Do tng la

Hy chc chn rng phn mm tng la (Norton , ZoneAlarm ...) m bn ang s dng khng gy nh hng cho Joomla. Hy th tt n i.

4. Do trnh duyt

Th trn cc my khc nhau kim tra xem c phi ch mnh my bn l khng vo c. Xa tt c cache v cookie ca trnh duyt. S dng trnh duyt ch mc nh. Nn ti FireFox 2.0 v chn ci mi th.

5. G sai mt khu

Hy c gng nh li mt khu m bn dng. Liu bn c b g ting Vit (hoc mt ngoi ng khc) trong khi g mt khu

6. Do gi ngn ng ci t

C th gi ngn ng ca bn khng chun. Bn cn ti v gi ngn ng mi nht t http://joomlaviet.org/ Bn c th xa cc gi ngn ng v ch gi li gi ngn ng ting Anh v th ng nhp li.

7. Do cu trc database b thay i

Mt s bn Joomla, c bit l Joomla 1.5 do ang giai on beta nn i khi cu trc database b thay i (thm/bt ct, thay i rng...) do vy cng nh hng n vic ng nhp. Gii php: Bn ch c th m mm tng bc xem bng d liu no b thay i v a vn ca mnh ln http://forum.joomla.org v http://joomlaviet.org/forum

8. Do bin session.save_path

S ch c th sau: http://joomlaportal.ru/content/view/156/53/

Mt s gii php khc

1. M database ca bn bng phpMyAdmin hoc mt tool khc m Hosting ca bn cung cp. 2. M bng jos_users 3. Tm bn ghi username=admin v thay password bng gi tr sau
439581667ef694b60d58f213cccf9503

ng nhp li h thng bng ti khon: username: admin, password: vinaora Tham kho:

http://www.joomlaviet.org/forum/index.php?topic=955.0 http://www.joomlaviet.org/forum/index.php?topic=1039.0 http://forum.joomla.org/index.php/topic,7452.0.html

Mo Joomla!
8. Li mt nh dng trong phn "Description" ca Docman
Li mt nh dng trong phn "Description" ca DOCman xy ra khi ci t phin bn Joomla 1.5.x v DOCman v1.4.0 RC3 - 2003-2008. Li ny khin cho ton b phn "Description" mt cc nh dng HTML nh: In m, in nghing, mu ch, font ch, cn chnh....

Cch khc phc:

Tm n dng ~215 ca file administrator/components/com_docman/classes/docman_models.class.php v thm du comment //
$this->objFormatData->dmdescription = mosHTML::cleanText($objDBDoc>dmdescription);

Hoc thay dng ~215 ca file administrator/components/com_docman/classes/docman_models.class.php

mosHTML::cleanText($objDBDoc->dmdescription);

Keyword:

docman, joomla, description, HTML, 1.4.0 RC3, 1.5 nh dng, mt nh dng

Cu hi lin quan:

Li phn "Description" trong DOCMan? Trnh son tho (Editor) trong DOCMan khng hot ng

9. Cch xc nh ng dn tuyt i {absolute_path}

Trong mt s trng hp cn xc nh ng dn tuyt i ti mt th mc hoc file no . Chng hn, phi xc nh ng dn tuyt i ti th mc cha Joomla trn Website ca bn in vo thng s $mosConfig_absolute_path (Joomla 1.0.x) hoc $absolute_path (Joomla 1.5.x) trong file "configuration.php", bn c th lm nh sau: To mt file "info.php" nm cng mc vi file "configuration.php" c ni dung nh sau:
<?php $p = getcwd(); echo $p; ?>

hoc
<?php $p = dirname(__FILE__); echo $p; ?>

hoc
<?php phpinfo(); ?>

Sau m trnh duyt v g vo a ch ti file ny.

VD: http://yoursite/info.php, http://vinaora.com/joomla/info.php

Trng hp s dng hm getcwd(), hoc dirname(__FILE__) ng dn s hin th trn mn hnh. Cn nu s dng hm phpinfo() th tm thng s SCRIPT_FILENAME bit ng dn ti file info.php ni trn. Nu:
SCRIPT_FILENAME = '/home/vinaora/httpdocs/info.php'

th
// Trong Joomla 1.0.x $mosConfig_absolute_path = '/home/vinaora/httpdocs'; $mosConfig_cachepath = '/home/vinaora/httpdocs/cache'; // Trong Joomla 1.5.x var $absolute_path = '/home/vinaora/httpdocs'; var $log_path = '/home/vinaora/httpdocs/logs'; var $tmp_path = '/home/vinaora/httpdocs/tmp';

Keyword:

xc nh, ng dn, tuyt i, absolute_path, mosConfig_absolute_path, configuration.php

Cu hi lin quan:

Lm sao xc nh ng dn $mosConfig_absolute_path? $mosConfig_absolute_path l g? Khai bo bin $mosConfig_absolute_path trong file "configuration.php" nh th no?

10. Ch hin th vng {mainbody} hay {component} ca mt Website Joomla

hin th vng {mainbody} hay vng {component} ca mt Website Joomla 1.5 m khng c bt c mt module no v cng khng p dng nh dng do file CSS quy nh bn c th s dng mo sau: Thm "?tmpl=component" hoc "&tmpl=component" v pha cui ng link ca mt trang bt k m bn mun hin vng {mainbody} / {component}. Th d: Nu mun hin th vng {mainbody} / {component} ca website community.joomla.org bn ch cn thm "?tmpl=component" vo pha cui ca ng link c link dng nh sau: http://community.joomla.org/?tmpl=component.

Vng {mainbody} / {component} l vng (P) trong hnh trn, ni s np component ca trang. Trong trng hp bn li khng mun mi ngi xem c vng {mainbody} / {component} ca Website bn c th s dng on m sau, t vo file .htaccess.
Options +FollowSymLinks RewriteEngine On RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} tmpl= RewriteRule ^(.*)$ http://vinaora.com/index.php [F,L]

Ch : Thay http://vinaora.com bng a ch Website ca bn. V nu mun chuyn hng v trang ch th thay [F,L] bng [R,L] (F: Fobridden, R: Redirect, L: Last Rule)

Tham kho thm:

How to view just your component in Joomla! 1.5

Keyword:

ch hin th, mainbody, component, tmpl, tmpl=component

11. Hack com Search: B chc nng sp th t

b tnh nng sp th t khi tm kim (mt tnh nng t c s dng v khng cn thit) ca Joomla! bn ch cn vi pht thc hin theo hng dn di y:

i vi Joomla 1.5.x

Tm file "\components\com_search\views\search\tmpl\default_form.php" --> dng ~23 v cho on m vo cp th ch thch

<!-<tr> <td colspan="3"> <label for="ordering"> <?php echo JText::_( 'Ordering' );?>: </label> <?php echo $this->lists['ordering'];?> </td> </tr> -->

i vi Joomla 1.0.x

Tm file "\components\com_search\search.html.php" --> dng ~59 v cho on m vo cp th ch thch <!-<tr> <td colspan="3"> <label for="search_ordering"> <?php echo _CMN_ORDERING;?>: </label> <?php echo $lists['ordering'];?> </td> </tr> -->

Keyword:

search, tm kim, ordering

12. Cm xem v tr cc module trn Template

Theo mc nh, cc Website Joomla u cho php xem v tr cc module ca Template theo dng ng dn

http://domain/index.php?tp=1 hoc http://domain/?tp=1 VD: http://joomla.org/?tp=1 cm (v hiu ha) tnh nng trn bn ch cn thm cc dng sau vo file ".htaccess" (c t th mc cha Joomla - cng mc vi file configuration.php) Options +FollowSymLinks RewriteEngine On RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} tp= RewriteRule ^(.*)$ http://vinaora.com/index.php [F,L] Dng 1 & 2 nu c ri th thi. Thay http://vinaora.com/index.php = link m cc bn mun F: Fobridden (Cn nu nu mun chuyn hng v trang ch th thay F = R: Redirect) L: Last rule y cng l cch chn lc v chuyn hng cc chui khng mong mun. Hosting phi h tr file ".htaccess" v mod_rewrite phi c bt

Tham kho thm

http://www.joomlaviet.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=33&t=5511 http://www.joomlaviet.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=5&t=6350

Keyword

module, v tr, templae, .htaccess

13. Li mt k t ting Vit trong tiu Joomla 1.5

Cch khc phc

Bc 1: Tm file [Joomla1.5]/libraries/joomla/filter/filteroutput.php

Bc 2: M file ny bng trnh son tho Notepad++ (min ph, nhanh, gn...). Bc 3: Save file bng nh dng UTF-8 Without BOM: cho php lu cc k t UTF-8 v quan trng l khng c k t nh du UTF8 u file. Xem hnh r hn

Bc 4: Tm n ~ dng 87 v chn thm 10 dng m sau (dng 88-97):

10 dng m cn chn:
// Hacked by VINAORA.COM $utf8characters = '|a, |a, |a, |a, |a, |a, |a, |a, |a, |a, | a, |a, |a, |a, |a, |a, |a, |d, |e, |e, |e, |e, |e, |e, |

e, |e, |e, |e, |e, |i, |i, |i, |i, |i, |o, o, |o, |o, |o, |o, |o, |o, |o, |o, |o, |o, u, |u, |u, |u, |u, |u, |u, |u, |u, |u, |y, y, |A, |A, |A, |A, |A, |A, |A, |A, |A, |A, A, |A, |A, |A, |D, |E, |E, |E, |E, |E, |E, E, |E, |I, |I, |I, |I, |I, |O, |O, |O, |O, O, |O, |O, |O, |O, |O, |O, |O, |O, |O, |U, U, |U, |U, |U, |U, |U, |U, |Y, |Y, |Y, |Y, $replacements = array(); $items = explode(',', $utf8characters); foreach ($items as $item) { @list($src, $dst) = explode('|', trim($item)); $replacements[trim($src)] = trim($dst); } $str = trim(strtr($str, $replacements)); // End Hack

|o, |o, |y, |A, |E, |O, |U, |Y,

|o, |o, |o, |u, |y, |y, |A, |A, |E, |E, |O, |O, |U, |U, "|, &|';

| | | | | | |

Bc 5: Save file ln cui v kim tra

Tham kho thm

Joomla 1.5 Stable v vn tiu ting Vit utf-8

Keyword:

joomla, li, ting Vit, k t, UTF-8, utf8

14. Thay i cch hin th tiu bi vit trong Joomla

Tiu ca bi vit trong Joomla c th cc dng sau:

Dng 1: Tn site - Tn bi vit (VD: VINAORA - Hng dn ci t Joomla 1.5) Dng 2: Tn bi vit - Tn site (VD: Hng dn ci t Joomla 1.5 - VINAORA) Dng 3: Tn bi vit (VD: Hng dn ci t Joomla 1.5)

Nu bn ang s dng

Joomla 1.5
Tm n file [Joomla1.5]\libraries\joomla\document\html\renderer\head.php ~ dng 61
$strHtml = $tab . '<title>' . htmlspecialchars($document->getTitle()) . '</title>' . $lnEnd;

Nu mun dng 1 thay bng

$strHtml = $tab . '<title>' . $mainframe->getCfg('sitename') . ' - ' . htmlspecialchars($document->getTitle()) . '</title>' . $lnEnd; // dng 1

Nu mun dng 2 thay bng

$strHtml = $tab . '<title>' . htmlspecialchars($document->getTitle()) . ' - ' . $mainframe->getCfg('sitename') . '</title>' . $lnEnd; // dng 2

Nu mun dng 3 thay bng

$strHtml = $tab . '<title>' . htmlspecialchars($document->getTitle()) . '</title>' . $lnEnd; // dng 3

Joomla 1.0.x
Tm n file [Joomla1.0]/includes/joomla.php ~ dng 507
$this->_head['title'] = $title ? $GLOBALS['mosConfig_sitename'] . ' '. $title : $GLOBALS['mosConfig_sitename'];

Nu mun dng 1 thay bng

$this->_head['title'] = $title ? $title. ' - '. $GLOBALS['mosConfig_sitename'] : $GLOBALS['mosConfig_sitename']; // dng 1

Nu mun dng 2 thay bng

$this->_head['title'] = $title ? $GLOBALS['mosConfig_sitename'] . ' - ' . $title : $GLOBALS['mosConfig_sitename']; // dng 2

Nu mun dng 3 thay bng

$this->_head['title'] = $title ? $GLOBALS['mosConfig_sitename'] : $GLOBALS['mosConfig_sitename']; // dng 3

Tham kho thm:

Thay i cch hin th ca Joomla Title: http://www.joomlaviet.org/forum/index.php/topic,4428.0.html

Keyword:

Joomla, joomla 1.5, joomla 1.0, title, tiu , bi vit, head

15. Tao ng dn tt ti trang quan tri

Thng thng truy cp vao trang quan tri cua Joomla! chung ta s dung ng dn: http://your-domain/administrator

VD: http://vinaora.com/administrator khng phai go mt cum dai "administrator" phia sau domain, ta co th tao mt ng dn tt chng han http://vinaora.com/123 -> va c chuyn hng ti --> http://vinaora.com/administrator

Cach thc hin nh sau:

Tao file .htaccess nm th muc gc cha Joomla! (hoc thm vao phia cui file nay nu a co) ni dung sau: Redirect /123 http://your-domain/administrator

Chu y:
Nu Website cua ban co dang http://you-domain/joomla (VD: http://vinaora.com/joomla) thi ban cn go ni dung sau: Redirect /joomla/123 http://your-domain/administrator

Canh bao:
Chi ap dung cho Website chay trn Apache va co h tr file .htaccess

16. B dng ch "Welcome to the Frontpage"

B dng ch "Welcome to the Frontpage" trong Joomla 1.5

ng nhp vo trang qun tr (back-end)

VD: http://vinaora.com/administrator

M menu cha Front Page

M menu Menus --> Main Menu --> chn mc Parameters - System bn tay phi. Tm dng "Show Page Title" chn "No"

B dng ch "Welcome to the Frontpage" trong Joomla 1.0.x

ng nhp vo trang qun tr (back-end)

VD: http://vinaora.com/administrator

M menu cha Front Page

M menu Menus --> Main Menu --> chn mc Parameters bn tay phi. Tm dng "Page Title" chn "Hide"

Cc cu hi lin quan:

Lm sao xa b dng "Welcome to the Frontpage"? Lm sao xa "Welcome to the Frontpage"?

Keyword: welcome, frontpage, Frontpage

17. Bo dong "Tac gia" / "Ngay ng" khoi cac bai vit Bc 1: ng nhp vao trang quan tri (back-end)
VD: http://vinaora.com/administrator

Bc 2: Thit lp
M menu Content - Article Manager.

Nhn vao nut "Preferences" goc trn bn phai.

Trong hp thoai xut hin tim n muc "Author Name" (tn tac gia), "Created Date and Time" (ngay gi tao bai vit), "Modified Date and Time" (ngay gi chinh sa bai vit) va chon "Hide" n, ngc lai chon "Show".

Tham khao thm:

http://siteground.com

18. Tn template, ng dn, v Base URL trong Joomla 1.5

Template trong Joomla! 1.5 thng c lu trong th mc "\templates" vi cu trc nh sau:
\templates ----------\{tn_template} ------------------------\index.php template ------------------------\templateDetails.xml template ------------------------\template_thumbnail.png template ------------------------\params.ini ------------------------\index.html mc ------------------------\favicon.ico hin trong thanh Address ------------------------\CSS\template.css ----------------------------\template_rtl.css ch c t phi sang tri ------------------------\images nh dng cho template

File chnh ca Thng tin v nh chp Cc tham s h tr Chng lit k th Biu tng nh File CSS chnh Cho cc site c Th mc

M file "index.php" v g cc dng m sau kim tra Tn template ang dng <?php echo $mainframe->getCfg('sitename');?> a ch Email ca Administrator

<?php echo $mainframe->getCfg('mailfrom');?> Th mc cha template <?php echo $this->template?> Base URL <?php echo JURI::base();?>

19. Xem v tr cc module trn template

xem v tr ca cc module trn template bn ch cn thm on "?tp=1" hoc "index.php?tp=1" sau vo pha sau tn domain ca bn. VD:

http://vinaora.com/joomla/index.php?tp=1 http://joomla.org?tp=1

20. Thay template khng cn ng nhp

i khi bn cn kim tra mt Website c lm vic tt vi template no khng m khng cn phi vo trang qun tr bn c th s dng mos sau:

i vi Joomla 1.0.x

Thm phn sau "?jos_change_template=new_template_name" vo pha sau a ch Website ca bn. VD:

http://joomla.org/?jos_change_template=rhuk_solarflare_ii http://joomla.org/?jos_change_template=madeyourweb

Lu : Ch p dng cho dng Joomla! 1.0.x

i vi Joomla 1.5.x
Thm phn sau "?template=new_template_name" vo pha sau a ch Website ca bn. VD:

http://demo.joomlaspan.com/demo15/?template=beez http://demo.joomlaspan.com/demo15/?template=rhuk_milkyway http://joomlademo15.com/?template=beez http://joomlademo15.com/?template=rhuk_milkyway

21. Backup database vi LazyBackup

Monday, 29 June 2009 09:57 Trong cc cch backup database th plugin LazyBackup (hay Lazy Backup 2) l mt gii php sao lu d liu kh hay v c nhiu ngi s dng. Vi nhiu ty chn nh: T ng backup v gi vo mt hoc nhiu email cng lc, hn gi backup, khng cn nhng thao tc phc tp hoc i hi k nng hiu bit cao v "cron" ca Unix hay "scheduled tasks" ca Windows, h tr chun nn gzip v bo v bng mt khu, d dng ci t v quan trng l min ph; Plugin LazyBackup xng ng l mt mn khng th thiu trong kho extensions ca cc fan Joomla.

Download plugin LazyBackup

Link download: LazyBackup

Ci t plugin LazyBackup
01:13: M menu "Extensions"

01:16: Chn mc "Install/Unistall" 01:20: Trong mc "Upload Package File", chn plugin LazyBackup download 02:03: Nhn nt [Upload Files & Install]

Cu hnh plugin LazyBackup

02:12: M menu "Extensions" 02:15: Chn mc "Plugin Manager" 02:47: Tm n plugin c tn "LazyBackup"

Mt s ty chn cn lu :

Compress backup file?: Cho php nn file gim dung lng. Only structure: Ch backup cu trc ca database. Nn chn "No", khng chn "Yes" Backup every x days: Backup theo chu k x ngy. Backup time (00:00-23:59): Thi im backup trong ngy. Backup x times a day: S ln backup 1 ngy. To Email address: a ch email lu file backup, s dng du phy "," phn cch gia cc email. Backup path: ng dn lu file backup. Bn cn in ng dn dng y . VD nh: /home/vinaora.com/public_html/backup. Password for encryption: Mt khu bo v cc file backup.

04:02: Cui cng trong mc "Enabled" chn "Yes" kch hot. 04:05: Nhn nt [Save] lu li kt qu.

Keyword:

joomla, lazybackup, lazy backup, backup, database, extensions, plugin sao lu, d liu, t ng, email

Ti u Website Joomla!
22. Tng tc Joomla! bng cch to cache cho module
Monday, 16 March 2009 00:27 Nu nh bn c mt website n gin v mi ngy ch c vi trm khch ving thm th bn khng cn quan tm ti

bi vit ny. Cn nu bn nhn thy website ca bn lun np rt chm khi c nhiu ngi truy cp th bn cn bt tnh nng "debug" ca Joomla! v quan st xem c bao nhiu truy vn c thc thi. Trung bnh t 50 tr xung l n. Cn trong trng hp c hng trm truy vn th bn cn phi ch ti tnh nng cache ca Joomla! v tham s cache ca cc module.

Tnh nng debug ca Joomla!

Sau khi bt tnh nng debug ca Joomla! bn s trng thy cc thng tin ging nh di y pha cui website.
Profile Information Application Application Application Application Application afterLoad: 0.001 seconds, 0.23 MB afterInitialise: 0.073 seconds, 2.16 MB afterRoute: 0.087 seconds, 2.83 MB afterDispatch: 0.112 seconds, 3.64 MB afterRender: 0.259 seconds, 4.45 MB

Memory Usage 4702404 16 queries logged

Tham s cache la gi?

y la mt tham s c bit trong Joomla. Khi tham s nay c bt, no se bao hiu cho Joomla tao cache cho module va giup tng tc cho website. Tai sao lai nh vy? Ly thi du, module cua chung ta hin thi 10 banner quang cao mi nht. Nu la mt developer gioi, chi cn 1 truy vn cho module o, con ngc lai se mt 10 truy vn thc thi. ang bun la thc t thi co rt nhiu module nh vy, co le do cac developer chi chu trong ti cac tinh nng va chi mun nhanh chong phat hanh san phm ti cng ng ma khng chu trong ti hiu sut thc thi.

Khi Joomla cache m-un, s ch mt mt ln truy vn khi trang cha module c np ln u. Cn khi c ngi th hai gh thm trang ny, n gin l Joomla ch cn li n t

cache (mt file nm trong th mc /cache ca Joomla). Khng phi thc hin bt c truy vn no na v do vy gim ti cho my ch v tng hiu sut thc thi. Truy vn ch c thc hin li sau khi cache ht hn (theo mc nh ca Joomla l 900s) - bn c th thit lp li gi tr ny trong mc Site >> Global Configuration

Cch thm tham s Cache cho module Joomla

Bc 1: Chnh sa file XML ca module
Bn thm vo on m sau:
<params group="advanced"> <param name="cache" type="list" default="1" label="Caching" description="Select whether to cache the content of this module"> <option value="1">Use global</option> <option value="0">No caching</option> </param> <param name="cache_time" type="text" default="900" label="Cache Time" description="The time before the module is recached" /> </params>

Bc 2: Bt tnh nng cache ca module

Thut ng:

Module (m-un) l mt trong cc thnh phn m rng ca Joomla thng c dng hin th d liu (VD: cc tin bi mi nht, cc tin c xem nhiu nht...) Cache / Caching: tnh nng to b nh m trong Joomla! gim s truy vn v tng tc thc thi Debug: tnh nng g li trong Joomla!

Keyword:

joomla, module, cache, caching, debug tng tc, tc , nhanh, chm, truy vn, tnh nng, b nh m, g li

23. Nhng iu cn trnh khi ti u Joomla (Joomla SEO)

1. S dng mt danh sch cc t kha trong tiu hoc th meta ca bi vit

VD: Nu bn c mt tiu bi vit l "seo, sef, search engine, ti u, rank, joomla" th chc chn cc my tm kim (search engine) s coi l cc t kha phn bit v nh gi thp bi vit ca bn. V vy thay v c tnh spam cc my tm kim, bn hy t mt tiu tht t nhin v phn nh chn thc bi vit ca mnh. Nu thc s cn a mt s t kha vo tiu , bn nn phn tch chng bng du gch ngang "-". V d: "Ti u (seo-sef) cho Joomla"

2. Khng hp nht 2 tn min "c -www" v "khng c -www"

Chng hn bn c tn min l vinaora.com, bn s cn cu hnh cc my tm kim u coi http://vinaora.com v http://vww.vinaora.com l mt m khng phi l hai a ch khc nhau. Bn c th s dng file .htaccess thc hin cng vic trn.

3. Khng kim tra danh mc cc bi vit m cc my tm kim lp ch mc

Bn nn thng xuyn kim tra xem cc my tm kim Google, Yahoo, MSN... lp ch mc Website ca bn ra sao kp thi pht hin cc link b h hng hay khng mong mun. Bn c th s dng dch v "Google Analytics" thng k v hot ng ca website

24. Tng tc Joomla 1.0 - Ci thin cc truy vn SQL

Joomla thng b ch trch v to qu nhiu truy vn SQL ti c s d liu MySQL, ng thi Joomla cng c c s d liu c thit k cha thc s tt (c th l vic lp ch mc cho cc bng). Bi vit di y s hng dn bn thc hin mt vi chnh sa nh vi c s d liu Joomla. Bn s thy tc ca Joomla c ci thin ng k. Lu : Trc khi thc hin mi thay i hy tin hnh backup ton b website.

Bc 1: M phpMyAdmin v chn database Joomla

VD: http://vinaora.com/phpMyAdmin

Bc 2. Xc nh phn tin t ca cc bng

Thng l "jos_"

Bc 3: M cng c SQL (thc hin cc truy vn SQL)

Chy cc cu lnh SQL tng ng sau:

i vi Joomla! core:
ALTER TABLE `jos_categories` ADD INDEX `title_id` (`title`,`id`); ALTER TABLE `jos_components` ADD INDEX `opt_par` (`option`, `parent`, `id`); ALTER TABLE `jos_components` ADD INDEX `admin_opt` (`admin_menu_link`, `option`); ALTER TABLE `jos_content` ADD INDEX `state_access` ( `state` , `access` , `publish_up` , `publish_down` , `id` , `catid` , `sectionid` , `created_by` ); ALTER TABLE `jos_core_acl_aro` ADD INDEX `val_aro_id` (`value`, `aro_id`); ALTER TABLE `jos_core_acl_aro_groups` ADD INDEX `name_lft_rgt` (`name`, `lft`, `rgt`); ALTER TABLE `jos_mambots` ADD INDEX `fold_acc` ( `folder`, `access`, `published`, `ordering`, `element`, `params`(20)); ALTER TABLE `jos_mambots` ADD INDEX `element` ( `element` ); ALTER TABLE `jos_menu` ADD INDEX `link_id` (`link`(30), `id`); ALTER TABLE `jos_menu` ADD INDEX `link_pub_id` (`link`(30), `published`, `id`); ALTER TABLE `jos_menu` ADD INDEX `pub_acc_menu` (`published`, `access`, `menutype`, `parent`,`ordering`, `id`, `name`); ALTER TABLE `jos_sections` ADD INDEX `id,acc,pub` (`id`, `access`, `published`, `name`(20)); ALTER TABLE `jos_sections` ADD INDEX `pub_acc_id` (`published`,`access`,`id`,`name`(20)); ALTER TABLE `jos_stats_agents` ADD INDEX `agent_type` (`agent`,`type`,`hits`); ALTER TABLE `jos_templates_menu` ADD INDEX `client_menu` (`client_id`, `menuid`, `template`); ALTER TABLE `jos_template_positions` ADD INDEX `pos` (`position`); ALTER TABLE `jos_users` ADD INDEX `user_pass_id` (`username`,`password`,`id`);

i vi DocMan:
ALTER TABLE `jos_docman` ADD INDEX `own_pub` (`dmowner`, `published`, `approved`, `catid`, `id`);

i vi JoomComment
ALTER TABLE `jos_jomcomment` ADD INDEX `content_opt` (`contentid`,`option`, `published`);

i vi OpenSEF
ALTER TABLE `jos_opensef_config` ADD INDEX `scope_name` (`scope`, `name`); ALTER TABLE `jos_opensef_sef` ADD INDEX `exter_dir` (`external`, `direction`, `site_id`, `use_internal`);

Keyword:

Joomla, tng tc, SQL, truy vn

25. Tng tc cho Joomla 1.5

Ti u Template. Bt tnh nng nn thng tin bng GZip Hn ch s dng cc Component/Module Hn ch s dng cc tnh nng thng k La chn ng cng c SEO/SEF Bt tnh nng cache ca h thng Loi b cc truy vn ti Trnh xa vic bc cu (Bridge) Ti u C s d liu

Ti u Template
Joomla c mt h thng template cc k phong ph v phn ln trong s chng u trng rt p, tuy nhin khng phi template no cng tun theo chun v t yu cu v tc . Do vy ti u Template bn cn ch mt s vn sau:

Thit k Website theo chun (HTML v CSS) cc trnh duyt c th tnh ton nhanh chng v hin th chnh xc nhng g bn mun hin th. Trnh s dng cc nh c kch thc ln hoc s dng nhiu nh. Gim kch thc ca cc file CSS, Javascript

Tham kho: Website Analyzer

Bt GZip
GZip l mt tnh nng cho php nn cc thng tin. N c bit hu dng khi Joomla ca bn c host trn Server c b x l mnh.

Hn ch s dng cc Component/Module
Nu bn gh thm http://extensions.joomla.org bn s thy Joomla! c hng ngn cc Component/Module, tuy nhin khng phi ci no cng c thit k tt. V chnh nhng component/module ny lm gim tc np website ca bn. Do vy hy cn thn trong vic la chn v ci t cc Component/Module. Hy hn ch xung mc thp nht c th v xa ngay nhng Component/Module khng dng n.

Hn ch cc tnh nng lin quan ti thng k

Cc Component/Module thng k thng c thit k v hin th cc thng tin trng rt bt mt tuy nhin chng li l th phm gy ra hng tn truy vn ti MySQL. Do vy thay v dng cc Component/Module ny bn c th s dng "Google Analytics"

La chn ng cng c SEO/SEF

Joomla c kh nhiu cng c h tr SEO/SEF (to cc link thn thin i vi my tm kim v ngi s dng) nh: OpenSEF, Artio JoomSEF, sh404SEF... Tuy nhin khng phi c ci no cung cp nhiu tnh nng, cu hnh d dng, hin th p l ci m bn la chn. Bn cn xem xt k v cch thc lm vic ca cc cng c ny v hu ht trong s chng to ra hng tn truy vn ti MySQL.

Bt tnh nng Cache ca h thng

Nu bn bt tnh nng to Cache cho cc bi vit v module, chng s c np nhanh hn (cc mambot khng b x l mi khi trang c np).

Loi b cc truy vn ti
Bt tnh nng debug ca website v kim tra cc truy vn c thc thi. Hy lun gi s truy vn thp nht c th (t 30-50 truy vn). Xc nh cc Component/Module/Mambot to ra nhiu truy vn tm cch ti u hoc thng bo cho tc gi ca Component/Module/Mambot .

Trnh xa vic bc cu (Bridge)

Nhiu ngi thch tch hp forum (chng hn SMF), th vin nh (chng hn Gallery2) vo Joomla thng qua mt cu ni (Bridge). Tuy nhin Bridge li chnh l nguyn nhn lm gim tc ca Joomla. Do vy hy c gng khng s dng Bridge.

Ti u C s d liu (Database)

C 2 loi ti u: Ti u cc bng v ti u cc lc . Ti u lc th ch cn thc hin mt ln (Xem thm bi: Ci thin cc truy vn SQL). Ti u cc bng th cn thc hin thng xuyn (khi d liu c thm, chnh sa hoc xa). ti u cc bng: M phpMyadmin > Chn Joomla > chn bng mun ti u> chn Optimize. (ang hon thin)

26. Bt tinh nng "cache" tng tc cho Joomla 1.5! Bc 1: ng nhp vao trang quan tri (back-end)
VD: http://vinaora.com/administrator

Bc 2: Thit lp tinh nng "cache"

M menu Site -> Global Configuration

Nhn vao link "System"

Tim muc "Cache Settings" va chon "Yes" ri nhn nut "Save" lu lai

Lu y
Khi bt tinh nng "cache", moi thay i sau nay se khng trng thy kt qua ngay lp tc ma phai ch sau khoang thi gian "cache" (mc inh la 15'). Keyword: joomla, cache, tng tc

27. To link thn thin SEO/SEF

Thursday, 24 May 2007 14:03

Thng thng sau khi ci t Joomla! chng ta d nhn thy cc a ch URL (cc ng link) ca Website u rt di v cha cc tham s trng rt phc tp. c th n gin ha cc ng link ny, c bit l vic bin cc ng link ny sao cho chng c th cha tiu ca bi vit lin quan gip cc my tm kim nh Google , Yahoo d pht hin ra chng ta cn bt tnh nng SEO/SEF ca Joomla! Trc khi bt tnh nng SEO/SEF chng ta c cc a ch URL dng nh sau:
http://vinaora.com/joomla/index.php? option=com_content&task=view&id=5&Itemid=6 http://vinaora.com/joomla/index.php?Itemid=27&option=com_content

Sau khi bt tnh nng SEO/SEF chng ta c cc a ch URL tng ng nh sau:

http://vinaora.com/joomla/content/view/5/6 http://localhost/joomla/Toi-uu-Website-Joomla/27-Tao-link-than-thienSEO-SEF

By gi, bt tnh nng SEO/SEF cc bn thc hin tng bc nh sau:

Bc 1: Xc nh dng a ch Website ca bn
M file htaccess.txt v tm n on:
# # # # Uncomment following line if your webserver's URL is not directly related to physical file paths. Update Your Joomla/MamboDirectory (just / for root) RewriteBase /

Nu Website ca bn c dng http://vinaora.com/ , g thm dng:

RewriteBase /

Nu Website ca bn c dng http://vinaora.com/joomla/ , g thm dng:

RewriteBase /joomla

Bc 2: i tn file htaccess.txt --> .htaccess

C th i tn thng qua FTP hoc cng c qun l file do HOSTING cung cp Nu bn chy trn localhost th m COMMAND
- Chuyn n th mc cha Joomla bng lnh cd, VD:
cd C:/www/joomla

- Sau i tn
rename htaccess.txt .htaccess

Bc 3: Bt SEO/SEF:
Vo trang qun tr Joomla, VD: http://vinaora.com/joomla/administrator/

Nu ang dng Joomla 1.5

Chn Global Configuration --> SEO Settings --> Search Engine Friendly URLs

Nu ang dng Joomla 1.0.x (1.0.12)

Chn Site --> Global Confirguration --> SEO

Bc 99: Cc ch
Apache Server ca bn phi np rewrite_module. Nu bn ang lm trn localhost, th m file httpd.conf v tm n dng:
#LoadModule rewrite_module modules/mod_rewrite.so

b du # u dng i Ngoi vic bt tnh nng SEO/SEF trn chnh Joomla chng ta c th s dng cc phn mm ca hng th ba (3rd party) c th c c nhng ng link nh mun. VD nh: Artio JoomSEF, OpenSEF, Joomla SEF Patch, JoomSEO

Bo mt Website Joomla!

28. Phn quyn trong Joomla! 1.5 Phn quyn Joomla! tin snh (front-end)
phn tin snh, Joomla! chia lm 5 nhm ngi dng tng ng vi 5 mc truy cp khc nhau:

Guest (Khch): L nhng ngi truy cp, s dng website ni chung, h khng s hu ti khon no trn h thng Joomla! Registered (Thnh vin): L khch sau khi ng k vo ca h thng Joomla! v tr thnh thnh vin chnh thc ca h thng. Author (Tc gi): L thnh vin c quyn ng bi hoc ng mt vi th khc m h thng cho php (chng hn nh weblink) Editor (Ngi bin son): L thnh vin c quyn ng, kim duyt v chnh sa tt c cc bi vit (thm ch c nhng bi vit khng phi ca h) Publisher (Ngi xut bn): L ngi bin son, ngoi ra c thm quyn quyt nh vic pht hnh cc bi vit (chnh thc xut bn ln Website hay khng)

Lu 1: C th thit lp mc nh ti khon Khch (Guest) cng l ti khon Thnh vin (Registered). Lu 2: Bt c thnh vin no thuc phn hu snh (Back-End) cng c th thc hin cc thao tc m ngi xut bn (Publisher) c th lm.

Phn quyn Joomla! hu snh (back-end)

phn hu snh, Joomla! chia lm 3 nhm ti khon vi 3 mc quyn hn khc nhau:

Manager (Ngi qun l): L ti khon c quyn thc hin cc thao tc qun l c bn (qun l menu, qun l bi vit...). Administrator (Qun tr vin): L ti khon c quyn thc hin mi thao tc, tr vic qun l thng tin cu hnh h thng, qun l giao din, qun l ngn ng, qun l cc ti khon siu qun tr. Super Administrator (Siu qun tr): L ti khon c c quyn cao nht, c th thc hin mi hnh ng.

Thut ng:

Front-end (Frontend): Phn tin snh hay phn mt trc, phn mt tin pha trang ch m ai cng c th trng thy. Back-end (Backend): Phn hu snh hay phn qun tr l vng ch dnh cho cc thnh vin c quyn qun tr h thng Joomla!. ACL (Access Control List): Danh sch iu khin truy cp (trong bi vit ny s dng khi nim Phn quyn cho d hiu).

Keyword:

phn quyn, qun tr, khch, ngi ng k, tc gi, ngi bin son, ngi xut bn, qun l, thnh vin, ng, kim duyt, tin snh, hu snh, ti khon, danh sch iu khin truy cp joomla, administrator, manager, publisher, editor, author, registered, guest, frontend, back-end, acl, access control list

Ch : Ghi r ngun VINAORA.COM khi s dng bi vit ny.

29. Bo mt cho trang qun tr Joomla! bng cookie

tng ca gii php ny l: S dng chng thc bng cookie ngn chn mi truy cp trc tip ti vng qun tr Joomla! bng ng dn /administrator (VD: http://vinaora.com/joomla/administrator). Thay vo phi truy cp gin tip thng qua mt ng dn ch mnh bn bit (chng hn http://vinaora.com/joomla/secret/vinaora.php).

Bc 1: To mt th mc b mt chng hn [Joomla]/secret
Th mc ny nm cng mc vi th mc /administrator Lu : Bn hon ton c th s dng mt th mc c sn (chng hn th mc /language)

Bc 2: To mt file "vinaora.php" trong th mc b mt trn vi ni dung sau:

< ?php $admin_cookie_code="abcdef123456"; setcookie("VinaoraAdminSession",$admin_cookie_code,0,"/"); header("Location: /administrator/index.php"); ?>

Bn nn i cp gi tr cookie "VinaoraAdminSession" & "abcdef123456" bng nhng chui k t bt k (gm k t ch ci v k t s) trnh hacker s dng cng c chn trc tip cookie trn vo trnh duyt. Bn cng c th s dng mt ci tn khc ch khng nht thit phi l "vinaora.php" :)

Bc 3: Thm ni dung sau ti file ".htaccess" ca th mc /administrator

RewriteEngine On RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} ^/administrator RewriteCond %{HTTP_COOKIE} !VinaoraAdminSession=abcdef123456 RewriteRule .* - [L,F]

Trong trng hp HOSTING ca bn khng h tr file .htaccess hy lin h vi b phn k thut c gip . Khi cn truy cp vo trang qun tr hy g ng dn: http://yoursite/secret/vinaora.php

VD: http://vinaora.com/secret/vinaora.php

Keyword:

bo mt, ngn cm, truy cp, trang qun tr, th mc, trc tip, gin tip joomla, security, administrator, htaccess, cookie

Reference:
http://forum.joomla.org/ Ch : Ghi r ngun VINAORA.COM khi s dng bi vit ny.

30. Cc cch CHMOD cho tp (file) v th mc (directory)

m bo an ton cho cc file v th mc trong Joomla!, trnh s nhm ng ca cc hacker th mt trong cc yu cu quan trng v phi lun lu l CHMOD cho ng. Thng thng chng ta cn thit lp CHMOD 755 cho cc th mc v CHMOD 644 cho cc file.

CHMOD l g? CHMOD= 755 l g? CHMOD = 644 l g?

CHMOD chnh l thao tc thay i cc quyn sau:

"Read" (c): vit tt l "r", v c biu din bng s 4 "Write" (Ghi / Chnh sa): vit tt l "w", v c biu din bng s 2 "Execute" (Thc thi): vit tt l "x", v c biu din bng s 1

CHMOD cng lc thay i quyn hn trn cc file/th mc vi cc i tng sau:

"Owner" - ch s hu ca file/th mc, "Group" - Nhm m Owner l thnh vin, "Public / Others/ Everybody": nhng ngi cn li.

CHMOD 755 (rwx r-x r-x) cho th mc Lu : Khi nim CHMOD khng tn ti trn h thng Windows, m ch c trn cc h thng Unix/Linux

CHMOD = 755 cho cc th mc c ngha l:

7 = 4 + 2 + 1 : Ngi s hu th mc c quyn c th mc (read); chnh sa th mc (write); lit k cc th mc v file bn trong (execute); 5 = 4 + 0 + 1 : Nhng ngi cng nhm ch c quyn c th mc (read); lit k cc th mc v file bn trong (execute) 5 = 4 + 0 + 1 : Nhng ngi cn li ch c quyn c th mc (read); lit k cc th mc v file bn trong (execute)

CHMOD 755 (rwx r-x r-x) cho th mc

CHMOD = 644 cho cc tp (file) c ngha l:

6 = 4 + 2 + 0 : Ngi s hu th mc c quyn c tp (read); chnh sa tp (write) 4 = 4 + 0 + 0 : Nhng ngi cng nhm ch c quyn c tp (read) 4 = 4 + 0 + 0 : Nhng ngi cn li ch c quyn c tp (read)

CHMOD 644 (rw- r-- r--) cho file

CMOD 755 cho cc th mc, CHMOD 644 cho cc file bng mt file PHP
To mt file "chmod.php" nm trong th mc m bn cn CHMOD cho ton b cc file, th mc bn trong n vi ni dung nh sau:
<?php system('find . -type d -exec chmod 755 {} \; 2>&1'); system('find . -type f -exec chmod 644 {} \; 2>&1'); echo("\n\nComplete!"); ?>

Sau thc thi cc dng lnh trn bng cch m link ti file ny. VD: http://vinaora.com/joomla/chmod.php

CHMOD 755 cho cc th mc, CHMOD 644 cho cc file bng dng lnh

Nu bn l ngi qun tr server hoc c th thc thi dng lnh thng qua SSH th trc tin bn cn chuyn n th mc Joomla bng lnh "cd" (change directory), sau bn c th dng cc lnh sau:
find . -type d -exec chmod 755 {} \; cc th mc find . -type f -exec chmod 644 {} \; cc file // dng CHMOD cho // dng CHMOD cho

hoc
find . -type d -print0 | xargs -0 chmod 0775 cc th mc find . -type f -print0 | xargs -0 chmod 0664 cc file // dng CHMOD cho // dng CHMOD cho

hoc
chmod -R 755 ./* cc th mc v file find . -type f -exec chmod 644 {} \; cc file // dng CHMOD tt c // dng CHMOD cho

CHMOD bng cc trnh qun l file nh "File Manager", "FileZilla"...

i vi FileZilla:

Chn"Recurse into subdirectories" p dng thao tc CHMOD cho c cc th mc con Chn "Apply to all files and directories" p dng thao tc CHMOD cho tt c cc file v th mc Chn "Apply to files only" ch p dng thao tc CHMOD cho cc file Chn "Apply to directories only" ch p dng thao tc CHMOD cho cc th mc

CHMOD 755 (rwx r-x r-x) cho th mc bng FileZilla

CHMOD 755 (rwx r-x r-x) cho th mc bng "File Manager"

Keyword

chmod, 755, 644, read, write, execute, PHP, FileManager, FileZilla c, ghi, chnh sa, thc thi, dng lnh

Cc cu hi lin quan

Lm th no CHMOD trong Joomla? Lm sao CHMOD cho cc th mc v file trong Joomla? CHMOD = 755 ngha l g? CHMOD = 644 ngha l g?

31. Chng tn cng SQL Injection trong Joomla

Sunday, 03 August 2008 14:31 Hin Joomla! ngy cng pht trin mnh m v ngy cng c ng dng rng ri Vit Nam vi s lng cc thnh phn m rng (extensions) t cc hng th ba cng tng khng ngng c v s lng v cht lng. Rt nhiu thnh phn m rng (gm

component, module, plugin, template...) thc s tuyt vi v ng c ci t trn mi Website. Tuy nhin, c mt thc t song hnh vi mt u im trn l s lng cc Website b tn cng thng qua cc li lp trnh bt cn trong cc thnh phn m rng c ci t thm cng ngy cng tng cao. Thm ch s lng li b khai thc cn cao hn c Microsoft (theo bo co 6 thng u nm 2008 ca IBM). Do vy, ngay t lc ny, bn hy kim tra li ton b h thng ca mnh m bo: Ch ci t cc thnh phn m rng thc s cn thit, thc s uy tn v hy nh mt ngi c kinh nghim kim tra cc on m, m mt trong s chng thng b hacker khai thc cc li ph bin v truy vn SQL (thng gi l SQL Injection).

i vi ngi s dng cui (end-user):

Khng dng tin t mc nh 'jos_'

Khi ci t website, Joomla s dng tin t mc nh cho cc bng ca c s d liu: 'jos_'. Tuy nhin trnh s nhm ng ca cc haker bn nn i tin t ny.

Khng dng ti khon mc nh 'admin'

To mt ti khon qun tr (Super Administrator) mi thay v dng ti khon mc nh c tn 'admin' i tn v v hiu ha ti khon mc nh 'admin' m Joomla to ra khi ci t bng cch: M bng _users, tm bn ghi c id=62, i username khc 'admin' v thay block bng '1')

i vi nhng ngi lp trnh (developer) th ch nhng vn sau:

p kiu d liu
Lun p kiu d liu cho cc chui a vo cu lnh truy vn SQL. Th d: Nu mun kiu d liu l kiu nguyn (integer) th s dng cu lnh SQL:
$sql = 'UPDATE #__mytable SET `id` = ' . (int) $int;

Nu mun kiu d liu l kiu ngy/thng (date) th s dng cu lnh SQL:

$date = & JFactory::getDate($mydate); $sql = 'UPDATE #__mytable SET `date` = ' . $db->quote( $date>toMySQL(), false);

Lun g b ngha ca nhng k t c bit

Bn cn g b ngha ca nhng k t c bit (nhng k t c kh nng gy nguy him cho cu lnh SQL) nm trong cc chui d liu c a vo cu lnh SQL bng cu lnh:
$sql = 'UPDATE #__mytable SET `string` = ' . $db->quote( $db>getEscaped( $string ), false );

Chng tn cng DOS

Trong cc mnh WHERE, nu bn c s dng lnh LIKE, hy m bo rng bn lc cc k t c bit nh "%" v "_" th s dng cu lnh SQL:
$sql = 'UPDATE #__mytable SET .... WHERE `string` LIKE '. $db->quote( $db->getEscaped( $string, true ), false )

Chng tn cng XSS

Rt nhiu ngi c thi quen ly d liu nhp vo t ngi dng bng cu lnh JRequest::getVar(). Tuy nhin y l mt thi quen khng tt. Thay vo bn nn s dng cc phng thc p kiu. Th d: Nu mun kiu s nguyn, dng cu lnh:

$int = JRequest::getInt( $name, $default );

Nu mun kiu s thc, dng cu lnh:

$float = JRequest::getFloat( $name, $default );

Nu mun kiu logic (ng/sai), dng cu lnh:

$bool = JRequest::getBool( $name, $default );

Nu mun kiu t (word): ch c cc k t ch ci v k t gch di "_", dng cu lnh:

$word = JRequest::getWord( $name, $default );

Nu mun kiu cu lnh (command): ch c cc k t ch ci, k t s, k t "." v "_", dng cu lnh:

$cmd = JRequest::getCMD( $name, $default );

Nu mun kiu vn bn khng phi HTML (vn bn c lc b cc th HTML), dng cu lnh:

$string = JRequest::getString( $name, $default );

Tham kho thm:

Preventing SQL Injections (tc gi: Anthony Ferrara - Joomla Core Team, bi gc ting Anh) SQL Injection API getEscaped database->getEscaped

Keyword:

cu lnh, sql, sql injection, p kiu, lc b, s nguyn, s thc, DOS, XSS, interger, float, string, JRequest...

Ghi r ngun "http://dev.joomla.org" (bn gc) v "http://vinaora.com" (bn dch v tng hp) khi s dng bi vit ny.

32. Kim tra Website Joomla bng Joomla! HISA

Joomla HISA l mt cng c kim tra - bo mt cho php:

Kim tra mt HOSTING c p ng cc yu cu cn thit ci t Joomla hay khng

Thng bo cc thng s ca HOST (tn host, a ch IP...); thng s v PHP, MYSQL... Cnh bo v cc thit lp khng an ton Cnh bo v cc th mc cha c thit lp ng quyn hn

Cng ging nh "Joomla Diagnostics", rt n gin bn ch cn ti v cng c c tn l Joomla! HISA (Joomla! Health, Installation and Security Audit). Sau upload 1 file duy nht (joomla_hisa_en.php) ln Hosting nh ci t Joomla v xem kt qu. Phin bn Joomla HISA hin ti ch cho php kim tra dng Joomla! 1.0.x (t Joomla 1.0.10 tr i)

Quy trnh kim tra

Download Joomla HISA: >> Joomla HISA <<< Gii nn v upload Joomla! HISA: Gii nn, sau upload 1 file duy nht (joomla_hisa_en.php) ln th mc cha Joomla Chy Joomla! HISA: M trnh duyt v g vo URL ti file "joomla_hisa_en.php".

VD: http://vinaora.com/joomla/joomla_hisa_en.php

Joomla! HISA s thng bo kt qu

Host Environment: Thng s chung ca Host

PHP Environment: Thng s v PHP

MySQL Environment: Thng s v MySQL

Joomla! Environment: Cc thng s lin quan cho Joomla

Required and Recommended Settings: Cc yu cu bt buc v khuyn co

Nu mt trong cc thit lp b cnh bo bng mu th bn nn xem bi vit "X l cnh bo trong qu trnh ci t v cu hnh Joomla!" bit cch khc phc.

Directory and File Permissions: Quyn hn i vi cc tp v th mc

trnh cc HACKER nhm ng bn nn thit lp cc th mc vi CHMOD = 755, cc tp vi CHMOD = 644

Ch :
Th nht, nn i tn file joomla_hisa_en.php trc khi upload ln host (Chng hn i tn thnh vinaora_hisa.php) Th hai, sau khi s dng hy xa ngay file Joomla Hisa ni trn

Bi vit lin quan

http://forum.joomla.org/index.php/topic,136328.0.html

Keyword:

joomla, hisa, joomla hisa, kim tra, website, chmod

33. Kim tra h thng file Joomla bng Joomla Diagnostics

Thng thng sau khi upload Joomla ln Hosting, hoc sau mt qu trnh di s dng bn rt mun bit liu th mc Joomla ca mnh c b thiu file, h hng hoc b Hacker chnh sa g khng? Joomla ca mnh c an ton khng? Tht n gin, bn hy tm v download Joomla Diagnostics. y l mt cng c min ph cho php xc nh r:

Nhng file b thiu Nhng file b hng hoc b chnh sa Nhng file khng an ton (c th truy cp trc tip t ng dn, do thiu kim tra _VALID_MOS hoc _JEXEC) Cc thit lp khng an ton (VD: register_globals = off)

Quy trnh kim tra nh sau:

Download Joomla Diagnostics:

Xc nh r phin bn Joomla m bn ang s dng: Joomla 1.0.13 hay Joomla 1.5 Tm ng Joomla Diagnostics cho phin bn m bn ang s dng Link download: Joomla Diagnostics

Gii nn Joomla Diagnostics

Gii nn Joomla Diagnostics m bn va download trn (gm 2 file: diagnostics.php v Joomla...txt) vo th mc Joomla (ni c file configuration.php)

diagnostics.php: file dng kim tra joomla...txt: cha danh sch cc file ca Joomla v m kim tra tnh ton vn (CHECKSUM)

Chy Joomla Diagnostics

M ng dn http://website_cua_ban/diagnostics.php

VD: http://vinaora.com/diagnostics.php VD: http://vinaora.com/joomla/diagnostics.php

Hnh minh ha

Ch :
V l do bo mt bn cn phi xa ngay file diagnostics.php sau khi s dng.

Tham kho thm:

http://www.joomla-addons.org/ http://forum.joomla.org/index.php?topic=53052.0

Keyword:

Joomla, joomla 1.0, joomla 1.5, diagnostics, joomla diagnostics, file

34. 9 bc bo mt Website Joomla!

Friday, 08 June 2007 23:55 Bo mt cho Website Joomla l mt nhn t quan trng gp phn bo v Website trc cc m mu tn cng c ch ch cng nh v tnh, gip cho Website lun hot ng n nh v bn vng. Nhiu qun tr Website ch t trng tm vo vic thit k, cp nht ni dung v ginh th hng cao trong cc kt qu tm kim m qun i vic m bo an ton cho Website, ti khi s vic xy ra th qu mun. Bi vit di y s gii thiu ti cc bn 9 bc bo mt cho Website Joomla v gim thiu cc nguy c tn cng t Internet.

1. Sao lu ton b Website theo nh k

iu u tin v cng l quan trng nht l bn phi thng xuyn sao lu ton b Website bao gm c th mc cha Joomla v c s d liu MySQL. Hy lp lch t nht mt ln trong tun (khuyn co l mi ngy mt ln) thc hin sao lu. Bn s tit kim c rt nhiu cng sc v tin ca khi Website b tn cng v ch mt vi pht hoc vi chc pht khi phc li gn nh ton b.

2. Nng cp khi Joomla c phin bn pht hnh n nh mi nht.

Nhm pht trin nng ct ca Joomla lun pht hnh u n vi thng mt ln phin bn Joomla mi bao gm c cc bn v li bo mt v v cc bn v tng cng hiu sut lm vic, do vy bn cn kim tra thng xuyn trn website ca Joomla (http://www.joomla.org) kp thi cp nht phin bn mi nht.

3. Kim tra cc thnh phn m rng (module, component, mambot/plugin) ca cc hng th ba

Mt s Website c th b tn cng thng qua cc li bo mt nm trong cc thnh phn m rng c ci t thm t hng th ba. Do vy bn cng lun phi chc chn rng nu mnh c ci t cc thnh phn m rng t hng th ba th phi l cc phin bn mi nht. Khuyn co: Hy hn ch ti mc ti a vic ci t cc thnh phn m rng t hng th ba. Ngoi ra khi bn quyt nh g mt thnh phn m rng no khi h thng th bn cng xa c cc bng c s d liu lin quan.

4. Quyn hn i vi cc th mc
Sau khi ci t cc thnh phn m rng, bn cn thit lp quyn hn i vi cc th mc sang ch CHMOD 755.

Lu : Nu qu trnh ci t cc thnh phn m rng (component/module/language...) gp trc trc bn cn chuyn cc th mc sau sang CHMOD 777. Khi ci t xong li thit lp nh trn (755 i vi th mc v 644 i vi file) components language modules mambots templates administrator administrator/backups administrator/components administrator/modules

5. Quyn hn i vi cc tp
Thit lp quyn hn i vi tt c cc tp ca bn sang ch CHMOD 644.

6. Quyn hn i vi tp configuration.php
y l mt iu rt quan trng. Bn phi chc chn rng mnh thit lp quyn hn cho tp "configuration.php" sang CHMOD 644.

7. Bo mt vi .htaccess
Bn pht hnh mi nht ca Joomla bao gm c phin bn cp nht cho tp ".htaccess" lm gim thiu nguy c tn cng t cc hacker. Do vy bn cn phi truyn tp .htaccess ny ti server ca bn v i quyn hn sang CHMOD 644.

8. Joomla! Register Globals Emulation.

Bn cn phi chc chn rng bin "register global emulation" c thit lp thnh OFF. Hy m tp "global.php", tm dng define('RG_EMULATION', 1) v i n thnh
define('RG_EMULATION', 0)

9. Register Globals
m bo rng Register Globals c thit lp thnh OFF. Nu khng hy lin h vi Server ca bn i n thnh OFF hoc m tp .htaccess v thm vo on m sau
php_flag register_globals off.

Tham kho thm

Bo mt cho Website Joomla! (ti din n chnh thc ca Joomla)

35. Bo v file "configuration.php" khi cc truy nhp tri php

Friday, 01 June 2007 17:38

Vic bo v cc file c ni dung quan trng, cc file cu hnh cha cc thng s ca h thng nh: tn database, tn truy nhp, mt khu... l rt cn thit v phi c bit lu tm. Trong Joomla c mt file nh th - file "configuration.php". tng cng bo mt cho file "configuration.php" ny c nhiu cch, tuy nhin c mt cch hay c s dng v cp trn cc din n, l chuyn file "configuration.php" ti mt ni an ton, trnh s nhm ng ca hacker. Cc bc thc hin nh sau: Gi s Website Joomla ca bn c t trong th mc "/www/public_html" www ---|public_html --------------|configuration.php

Chuyn file "configuration.php" ra khi "public_html", t n vo mt khu vc khc do bn t to chng hn "/www/private". t cho n mt ci tn mi, chng hn "vinaora_joomla.conf".

www ---|private -----------|vinaora_joomla.conf

To mt file "configuration.php" thay th file c nhng cha ni dng sau:

<?php require( '/www/private/vinaora_joomla.conf' ); ?>

ng bt c khong trng hoc dng trng no pha trc th "<?php" v pha sau th "?>" v khng c lu n vi UTF-8 nu khng bn s nhn c thng bo li, i loi nh:

Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/xxxxx/public_html/configuration.php:2) in /home/xxxxx/public_html/index.php on line 250

Thit lp (CHMOD) quyn ch c cho file "configuration.php" mi ny m bo n khng b thay i ni dung. Khi bn cn thay i cc thit lp cho Joomla hy thc hin bng tay i vi file "vinaora_joomla.conf"

Tham kho thm:

http://forum.joomla.org/index.php/topic,122594.0.html http://www.hvaonline.net/hvaonline/posts/list/72.hva

Keywords: FAQ, security, config, configuration, configuration.php, public_html, web_root, secure files

36. Bo mt ton tp cho Website Joomla

Wednesday, 30 May 2007 22:19 Bi vit ny xin cung cp cho bn mt lot cc th thut tng cng bo mt cho Website Joomla! c trch dn t din n Joomla! (http://forum.joomla.org). C th mt vi th thut hi kh thc hin hoc gy kh khn, thm ch l li cho h thng ca bn, tuy nhin ng nn ch , mi ci u c gi ca n. Nu khng thit lp mt vng ai an ton cho Website s c lc bn phi hi tic v iu v thit hi c khi l khng tnh m c. Hy tin hnh ngay khi c th.

01. Lun cp nht phin bn mi nht (Joomla 1.0.x, Joomla 1.5) 02. Ch nn download Joomla! t website chnh thc Joomlacode.org v kim tra m xc thc MD5 (nu c) 03. Xa thng tay nhng th mc hoc file khng cn s dng. Sau khi ci t thnh cng Joomla, bn phi xa ton b th mc "installation". Nu bn upload ln Host b ci Joomla nh dng nn (*.zip), bn cng cn phi xa b file nn ny. Tt nht l khng nn li file hoc th mc g ngoi gi Joomla. 04. Tng cng bo v cho file cu hnh "configuration.php" bng cch chuyn n ra khi th mc public (thng c tn l public_html). [Xem thm] 05. i tn ti khon truy nhp Joomla thay v ti khon mc nh "admin". Bc ny tng chng rt n gin nhng li ngn chn c kh nhiu cuc tn cng. [Xem thm] 06. Chn cc truy vn nguy him nh file ".htaccess" [Xem thm] 07. Bo v cc th mc nhy cm, chng hn th mc "administrator" thng qua file ".htaccess" [Xem thm] 08. Gii hn cc IP truy cp ti cc th mc nhy cm thng qua file ".htaccess" [Xem thm] 09. Chn Host c h tr PHP5. 10. S dng cc cng c ni ting nh PHPsuExec, php_suexec v suPHP. 11. Nu c th, hy yu cu Server np cc module mod_security v mod_rewrite lc v chn cc truy vn nguy him.

12. S dng ti khon MySQL c thit lp quyn gii hn (khng s dng ti khon root). 13. C gng nng cp cc on m sang PHP5. Ring gi Joomla th bn khng cn lo lng v ngay t ban u n c thit k tng thch vi PHP5. 14. C gng khng s dng cc thnh phn m rng yu cu "safe_mode" ca PHP. 15. Tt Joomla! Register Globals Emulation trong file "globals.php". [Xem thm]
define( 'RG_EMULATION', 0 );

16. Thit lp quyn truy cp (CHMOD) cc th mc sang 755, cc file sang 644. Bn c th vo Site --> Global Configuration --> Server thit lp cc quyn ny cho th mc v file. Bn cng c th s dng mt cng c FTP nh FileZilla, SmartFTP, WS_FTP, Net2FTP... CHMOD. Lu : Mt s thnh phn m rng trong qu trnh ci t c th yu cu quyn truy cp 777. 17. Xa b ton b cc template khng s dng khi th mc "templates" v khng t bt c on m nhy cm no vo cc file trong template. 18. Thu mt chuyn gia bo mt Joomla! kim tra ton b Website ca bn.

Tham kho thm:

Joomla! Administrator's Security Checklist

37. Bo mt cho trang qun tr administrator bng mt khu

Bn mun ngn chn vic truy cp tri php vo vng qun tr, trang administrator (phn backend trong Joomla). C nhiu gii php thc hin vic ny. Bi vit ny xin gii thiu mt cch kh n gin nhng li hiu qu vi mc ch "Tng cng thm mt ro cn trc khi truy nhp c file index.php". p dng trn Hosting chy Apache Server.

Cch thc hin:

Copy on m sau v t vo u ca file "index.php" trong th mc "Joomla\administrator\"
<?php $name='439581667ef694b60d58f213cccf9503'; $pass='439581667ef694b60d58f213cccf9503'; if (!isset($_SERVER['PHP_AUTH_USER'])

|| md5($_SERVER['PHP_AUTH_USER'])!==$name || md5($_SERVER['PHP_AUTH_PW'])!==$pass) { header('WWW-Authenticate'); header('HTTP/1.0 401 Unauthorized'); exit('<a href="http://vinaora.com/">VINAORA</a> : Access Denied');

} ?>

Trong
username = vinaora password = vinaora

Tham kho thm:

Cng c to m ha MD5 v mt s loi m ha khc Lm sao thay i ng dn ti trang admin

38.