pH 1-13 Gold (2000 ppm) + pH 7 Milk (10 times dilute)

dilute and adjust HAuCl4 to 2000 ppm , pH 3.5 dilute Milk 10 times (0.6% protein) after add HAuCl4 and stay in RT for 6 hrs, the pH 3 viol show AuNPs purple color

Left to right : pH 1,3,5,7,9,11 and 13 respectively

pH 2.5-3.5 Gold (2000 ppm) + pH 13-14 Milk (10 times dilute)

dilute and adjust HAuCl4 to 2000 ppm , pH 2.5-3.5 dilute and adjust Milk 10 times (0.6% protein) , pH 13-14 after add HAuCl4 very pale shade of purple instantly appear, but still very pale through hours.

Left to right : HAuCl4 pH vs Milk pH as 2.5vs13, 2.5vs14, 3.5vs13 and 3.5 vs 14

pH 12 Gold (200/2000 ppm) + pH 3.5 Milk (10 times dilute)

dilute and adjust HAuCl4 to 200/2000 ppm , pH 12 dilute and adjust Milk 10 times (0.6% protein) , pH 3.5 after add HAuCl4 and stay in RT for 1.5 hrs Color remain unchanged

Left to right : 200ppm, 2000ppm

pH 3.5 Gold (2000 ppm) + pH >14 Milk (5,10 times dilute)

dilute and adjust HAuCl4 to 2000 ppm , pH 3.5 dilute and adjust Milk 5,10 times (1.2,0.6% protein) , pH >14 (adjust volume by 3M NaOH) after add HAuCl4 the characteristic purple color or AuNP appear almost instantly

Left to right : milk 5 times dilute, milk 10 times dilute