Phn I.

Quy nh chung

Chng I.7
NI T
Phm vi p dng v nh ngha
I.7.1. Chng ny p dng cho thit k v lp t trang b ni t ca cc thit b in
lm vic vi in xoay chiu hoc mt chiu mi cp in p.
I.7.2. Hin tng chm t l hin tng tip xc gia b phn mang in ca thit b
in vi kt cu khng cch in vi t, hoc trc tip vi t.
Hin tng chm v l hin tng chm in xy ra trong cc my mc, thit b
gia cc b phn mang in vi v thit b c ni t.
I.7.3. Trang b ni t l tp hp nhng in cc ni t v dy ni t.
I.7.4. in cc ni t l cc vt dn in hay nhm cc vt dn in c lin kt vi
nhau, chn di t v tip xc trc tip vi t.
I.7.5. Dy ni t l dy hoc thanh dn bng kim loi ni cc b phn cn ni t
ca thit b in vi in cc ni t.
I.7.6. Ni t cho b phn no ca thit b in l ni b phn vi trang b ni
t.
I.7.7. in p vi t khi chm v l in p gia v vi vng t c in th bng
khng.
I.7.8. in p trn trang b ni t l in p gia im dng in i vo cc ni t v
vng in th "khng" khi c dng in t in cc ni t tn vo t.
I.7.9. Vng in th "khng" l vng t ngoi phm vi ca vng tn ca dng in
chm t.

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I.7.10. in tr ca trang b ni t (in tr ni t) l tng in tr ca cc in cc
ni t, dy ni t v in tr tip xc gia chng.
I.7.11. Dng in chm t l dng in truyn xung t qua im chm t.
I.7.12. Thit b in c dng in chm t ln l thit b c in p cao hn 1kV v
dng in chm t mt pha ln hn 500A.
I.7.13. Thit b in c dng in chm t nh l thit b c in p cao hn 1kV v
dng in chm t mt pha nh hn hay bng 500A.
I.7.14. Trung tnh ni t trc tip l im trung tnh ca my bin p hoc ca my
pht in c ni trc tip vi trang b ni t hoc c ni vi t qua mt
in tr nh (th d nh my bin dng v.v.).
I.7.15. Trung tnh cch ly l im trung tnh ca my bin p hoc ca my pht in
khng c ni vi trang b ni t hoc c ni vi trang b ni t qua cc
thit b tn hiu, o lng, bo v, cun dp h quang c ni t hoc
thit b tng t khc c in tr ln.
I.7.16. Trung tnh ni t hiu qu l trung tnh ca mng in ba pha in p ln hn
1kV c h s qu in p khi ngn mch chm t khng ln hn 1,4.
H s qu in p khi ngn mch chm t trong mng in ba pha l t s
gia in p ca pha khng b s c khi c ngn mch chm t v in p pha
trc khi c ngn mch chm t.
I.7.17. Dy trung tnh l dy dn ca mch in ni trc tip vi im trung tnh ca
my bin p hoc ca my pht in.
a. Dy trung tnh lm vic (cn gi l dy "khng" lm vic) l dy dn cp
in cho thit b in.
Trong li in ba pha 4 dy, dy ny c ni vi im trung tnh ni t trc
tip ca my bin p hoc my pht in.
Vi ngun in mt pha, dy trung tnh lm vic c ni vi u ra ni t trc
tip.

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Vi ngun in mt chiu, dy ny c ni vo im gia ni t trc tip
ca ngun.
y cng l dy cn bng ni t c nhim v dn dng in v khi ph ti
trn cc pha khng cn bng.
b. Dy trung tnh bo v (cn gi l dy "khng" bo v) cc thit b in n
1kV l dy dn ni nhng b phn cn ni vi im trung tnh ni t trc
tip ca my bin p hoc my pht trong li in ba pha.
i vi ngun mt pha, dy ny c ni vi mt u ra trc tip ni t.
i vi ngun mt chiu, dy ny c ni vo im gia ni t trc tip ca
ngun.
(Xem Ph lc 1.7.1)
I.7.18. Ct bo v l ct t ng bng h thng bo v tt c cc pha hoc cc cc khi
c s c xy ra ti mt b phn trong li in vi thi gian ct khng qu 0,2
giy tnh t thi im pht sinh dng chm t mt pha.
I.7.19. Cch in kp l s phi hp gia cch in lm vic (chnh) v cch in bo
v (ph) (xem iu I.1.46 48). Vic phi hp ny phi m bo sao cho khi c
h hng mt trong hai lp cch in th cng khng gy nguy him khi tip xc.

Yu cu chung
I.7.20. Thit b in c in p n 1kV v cao hn phi c mt trong cc bin php
bo v sau y: ni t, ni trung tnh, ct bo v, my bin p cch ly, dng
in p thp, cch in kp, ng p nhm mc ch m bo an ton cho
ngi trong cc ch lm vic ca li in, bo v chng st cho thit b
in, bo v qu in p ni b.
ni t cho thit b in, u tin s dng ni t t nhin, nh cc kt cu
kim loi, ct thp ca kt cu btng, cc ng dn bng kim loi t di t
trong trng hp quy phm cho php, tr ng dn cht lng d chy, kh v
hn hp cht chy n v.v.

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Nu s dng cc kt cu kim loi ny c in tr ni t p ng c yu cu
theo qui nh v ni t th khng cn t trang b ni t ring.
I.7.21. Nn s dng mt trang b ni t chung cho cc thit b in c chc nng khc
nhau v in p khc nhau. Ngoi tr mt s trng hp ch c php khi p
ng nhng yu cu ring quy nh ca quy phm ny.
in tr ca trang b ni t chung phi tho mn cc yu cu ca thit b v
bt buc phi nh hn hoc bng in tr nh nht ca mt trong cc thit b
.
I.7.22. Khi thc hin ni t hoc ct bo v theo yu cu ca quy phm ny gp kh
khn v k thut hoc kh thc hin c, cho php s dng cc thit b in
c sn cch in
Cu to ca sn cch in phi m bo l ch khi ng trn sn cch in mi
c th tip xc c vi b phn khng ni t. Ngoi ra phi loi tr kh nng
tip xc ng thi gia cc phn khng ni t ca thit b ny vi phn c ni
t ca thit b khc hoc vi cc phn kt cu ca to nh.
I.7.23. i vi li in n 1kV c trung tnh ni t trc tip phi m bo kh
nng t ng ct in chc chn, vi thi gian ct ngn nht nhm cch ly phn
t b h hng ra khi li in khi c hin tng chm in trn cc b phn
c ni t. m bo yu cu trn, im trung tnh ca my bin p pha
h p n 1kV phi c ni vi cc ni t bng dy ni t; vi li in
mt chiu ba dy th dy gia phi c ni t trc tip. V ca cc thit b
ny phi c ni vi dy trung tnh ni t. Khi v ca thit b khng ni vi
dy trung tnh ni t th khng c php ni t v thit b .
I.7.24. i vi my bin p c trung tnh cch ly v my bin p c cun dp h
quang vi in p cao hn 1kV phi m bo kh nng pht hin v xc nh
nhanh chng phn t b h hng bng cch t thit b kim tra in p tng
pha v phn on li in, khi cn thit, phi c tn hiu chn lc hoc bo v
bo tn hiu hay ct t ng nhng phn t b h hng.

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I.7.25. i vi thit b in in p n 1kV, cho php s dng im trung tnh ni t
trc tip hoc cch ly.
Nn p dng kiu trung tnh cch ly cho thit b in khi c yu cu an ton
cao, vi iu kin:
a. Cc thit b ny phi t thit b bo v kt hp vi kim tra cch in ca
li in, c th s dng ptmt hoc cu chy bo v.
b. C th pht hin nhanh v sa cha kp thi khi c chm t hoc c thit b
t ng ct b phn chm t.
Trong li in xoay chiu 3 pha 4 dy hoc li in mt chiu 3 dy, bt
buc phi ni t trc tip im trung tnh.
i vi thit b in 3 pha in p danh nh 500V hoc 660V phi cch ly
im trung tnh.
I.7.26. Li in 3 pha hoc 1 pha in p n 1kV trung tnh cch ly c lin h vi
li in c in p cao hn 1kV qua my bin p, phi t thit b bo v
nh thng cch in ti im trung tnh hoc ti dy pha in p thp ca
my bin p phng nguy him khi b h hng cch in gia cun dy
cao p v cun dy h p.
I.7.27. Trong nhng trng hp sau y phi c bin php bo v c bit t ng
ct cc thit b khi xy ra hin tng chm v:
a. Li in c im trung tnh cch ly v c yu cu cao v an ton in
(trong khai thc hm m v.v.).
b. Li in c trung tnh ni t trc tip v c in p n 1kV.
thay th cho vic ni v thit b vi trung tnh ni t, cn phi t trang b
ni t tho mn yu cu nh i vi mng c trung tnh cch ly.
c. i vi thit b di ng nu vic ni t khng c kh nng tho mn yu
cu ca quy phm ny.
I.7.28. Kch thc cc in cc ca trang b ni t nhn to (ng, thanh v.v.) phi
m bo kh nng phn b u in p i vi t trn din tch t thit b

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in. Vi thit b in c dng chm t ln, bt buc phi t mch vng ni
t xung quanh thit b (tr cc thit b in trm ct 35kV tr xung).
I.7.29. m bo an ton, cc thit b in c dng in chm t ln phi thc hin
li san bng in p (tr cc thit b in trm ct 35kV tr xung).
I.7.30. m bo tr s in tr ni t theo qui nh trong sut nm, khi thit k ni
t phi tnh trc s thay i in tr sut ca t (thay i theo thi tit).
m bo yu cu trn, trong tnh ton phi a vo h s hiu chnh tu theo
trng thi in tr sut ca t ti thi im tin hnh o.

Nhng b phn phi ni t

I.7.31. Phi ni t cc b phn bng kim loi ca cc my mc, thit b in gian
sn xut cng nh ngoi tri. Nhng b phn cn ni t bao gm:
a. V my in, v my bin p, kh c in, ct DK, thit b chiu sng v.v.
b. B truyn ng ca thit b in.
c. Cun th cp ca my bin p o lng (my bin dng, my bin in p).
d. Khung kim loi ca t phn phi in, bng iu khin, bng in v t in,
cng nh cc b phn c th m hoc tho ra c nu nh trn c t thit b
in in p trn 42V xoay chiu hoc trn 110V mt chiu.
e. Kt cu kim loi ca thit b in, v kim loi v v bc ca cp lc v cp
nh th, hp u cp, ng kim loi lun cp, v v gi cc thit b in.
f. Thit b in t phn di ng ca my v cc c cu.
g. V kim loi ca my in di ng hoc cm tay.

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Nhng b phn khng phi ni t

I.7.32. Nhng b phn khng yu cu ni t:
a. Thit b in c in p xoay chiu n 380V hoc c in mt chiu n
440V v cc thit b c t trong gian t nguy him (xem iu I.1.12);
ngha l cc phng kh ro v c sn dn in km (nh g, nha ng) hoc
trong cc gian phng sch s v kh ro (nh phng th nghim, vn phng).
Ghi ch: Nhng thit b in trn phi ni t nu trong khi lm vic, ngi c
th cng mt lc tip xc vi thit b in v vi b phn khc c ni t.
b. Thit b t trn kt cu kim loi c ni t nu m bo tip xc in
tt ti mt tip xc ca kt cu (mt tip xc ny phi c co sch, lm
nhn v khng c qut sn).
c. Kt cu t cp vi in p bt k v c v bng kim loi c ni t
c hai u.
d. ng ray i ra ngoi khu t ca trm pht in, trm bin p, trm phn
phi v cc trm in ca x nghip cng nghip.
e. V dng c c cch in kp.
f. Nhng b phn c th tho ra hoc m ra c ca khung kim loi cc bung
phn phi, t, ro chn ngn cch cc t in, cc ca ra vo v.v. nu nh trn
cc b phn khng t thit b in hoc thit b in lp trn c in p
xoay chiu n 42V v in p mt chiu n 110V.
g. Kt cu kim loi trong gian t cquy c in p n 220V.
Cho php thc hin ni t cho ng c in v my mc ring l trn cc
my ci hoc thit b khc bng cch ni t trc tip my ci hoc thit b
khc nu m bo tip xc chc chn gia ng c hoc my mc ring l vi
my ci hoc thit b khc.

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Ni t thit b in in p trn 1kV

trung tnh ni t hiu qu
I.7.33. i vi thit b in in p trn 1kV trung tnh ni t hiu qu (xem iu
I.7.16), phi m bo tr s in tr ni t hoc in p tip xc, ng thi
phi m bo in p trn trang b ni t (theo iu I.7.35) v cc bin php
kt cu (theo iu I.7.36).
I.7.34. in tr ca trang b ni t vng c in tr sut ca t khng qu 500m
khng c ln hn 0,5 (trong bt c thi gian no trong nm, c tnh n
in tr ni t t nhin ( vng in tr sut ca t ln hn 500m xem
iu I.7.41 n I.7.45). Yu cu ny khng p dng cho trang b ni t ca
ct DK v trm 35kV tr xung.
i vi trm 35kV tr xung, p dng theo iu I.7.46 (k c ni t hiu
qu).
I.7.35. in p trn trang b ni t khi c dng in ngn mch chm t chy qua
khng c ln hn 10kV. Trong trng hp loi tr c kh nng truyn
in t trang b ni t ra ngoi phm vi cc nh v hng ro bn ngoi cc
thit b in th cho php in p trn trang b ni t ln hn 10kV. Khi in
p trn trang b ni t ln hn 5kV phi c bin php bo v cch in cho
cc ng cp thng tin v h thng iu khin t xa t thit b in i ra v
cc bin php ngn nga truyn in th nguy him ra ngoi phm vi ca thit
b in.
I.7.36. san bng in th v m bo vic ni thit b in vi h thng in cc
ni t, trn din tch t thit b in phi t cc in cc ni t nm ngang
theo chiu di v chiu rng ca din tch v ni chng vi nhau thnh li
ni t.
Cc cc ni t theo chiu di phi t gia dy thit b in v pha i li
vn hnh, su t 0,5 n 0,7m v cch mng hoc b t thit b t 0,8m
n 1,0m. Nu cc thit b in c t thnh cc dy, c li i gia,

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khong cch gia hai dy khng qu 3m th cho php t mt in cc san
bng in th chung gia hai dy thit b.
Cc in cc ni t theo chiu rng phi c t nhng v tr thun tin
gia cc thit b in su 0,5 n 0,7m. Khong cch gia chng nn ly
tng ln k t chu vi n trung tm ca li ni t. Khi khong cch u
tin v khong cch tip theo k t chu vi khng c vt qu 4,0; 5,0; 6,0;
7,5; 9,0; 11,0; 13,5; 16,0 v 20,0m. Kch thc ca li ni t tip gip vi
ch ni im trung tnh my bin p lc v dao to ngn mch vi trang b ni
t khng c vt qu 6x6 m2.
Trong mi trng hp, khong cch gia cc in cc nm ngang khng c
ln hn 30m.
Cc in cc nm ngang phi c t theo bin ca din tch t trang b ni
t sao cho to thnh mch vng khp kn.
Nu mch vng ni t b tr trong phm vi hng ro pha ngoi ca thit b
in th di ca ra vo, st vi in cc nm ngang ngoi cng ca mch
vng phi t thm hai cc ni t san bng in th. Hai cc ni t ny
phi c chiu di t 3 n 5m v khng cch gia chng bng chiu rng ca
ra vo.
I.7.37. Vic lp t trang b ni t phi tho mn cc yu cu sau:
Cc dy ni t thit b hoc kt cu vi cc ni t phi t su khng
nh hn 0,3m.
Phi t mt mch vng ni t nm ngang bao quanh ch ni t trung tnh
ca my bin p lc v dao to ngn mch.
Khi trang b ni t vt ra ngoi phm vi hng ro thit b in th cc in
cc ni t nm ngang pha ngoi din tch t thit b in phi c t
su khng nh hn 1m. Mch vng ni t ngoi cng trong trng hp ny
nn c dng a gic c gc t hoc c gc ln.
I.7.38. Hng ro bn ngoi ca thit b in khng phi ni t vi trang b ni t.
Nu c DK in p 110kV tr ln t thit b i ra th hng ro ny phi c
ni t bng cc cc ni t c chiu di t 2 - 3m v c chn su cnh cc

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tr ca hng ro theo ton b chu vi v cch nhau t 20 - 50m mt cc. Khng
yu cu t cc ni t ny i vi hng ro c cc tr bng kim loi hoc
btng ct thp, nu ct thp ca cc tr ny c ni vi cc chi tit kim
loi ca hng ro.
loi tr lin h v in gia hng ro bn ngoi vi trang b ni t th
khong cch t hng ro n cc chi tit ca trang b ni t b tr dc theo
hng ro pha trong hoc pha ngoi hoc hai pha ca hng ro, khng
c c nh hn 2m. in cc ni t, dy cp c v bc kim loi, ng
ng kim loi i ra ngoi phm vi ca hng ro phi c b tr gia cc tr ca
hng ro, su khng nh hn 0,5m. Nhng ni tip gip gia hng ro
pha ngoi vi cc nh hoc cng trnh xy dng, cng nh nhng ni tip
gip gia hng ro pha ngoi vi hng ro kim loi pha trong phi c xy
gch hoc lp bng g vi chiu di khng nh hn 1m.
I.7.39. Nu trang b ni t ca thit b in cng nghip c ni vi li ni t ca
thit b in c in p ln hn 1kV trung tnh ni t hiu qu bng dy cp c
v bc bng kim loi hoc bng dy kim loi th vic san bng in th xung
quanh nh hoc din tch t thit b in phi tho mn mt trong cc iu kin
sau y:
a. t mt mch vng ni t xung quanh nh hoc din tch t thit b v ni
mch vng ny vi kt cu kim loi ca cng trnh xy dng, thit b sn xut
v vi li ni t (ni trung tnh). Mch vng phi c t su 1m v
cch mng nh hoc chu vi t thit b 1m. ca ra vo nh phi t hai dy
ni t, cch mch vng ni t 1m v 2m su tng ng 1m v 1,5m v
phi ni nhng dy ni t ny vi mch vng.
b. Cho php dng mng btng ct thp lm ni t nu nh m bo c yu
cu v san bng in th.
Khng phi thc hin nhng iu kin nu ra mc a v b nu trn nu nh xung
quanh nh v ca ra vo nh c ri nha ng.
I.7.40. Tr s dng in tnh ton dng tnh dy ni t phi ly bng tr s ln nht
(gi tr n nh) trong cc dng in chm t mt pha ca h thng in v

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c tnh n s phn b dng in chm t gia cc im trung tnh ni
t ca h thng.

Ni t thit b in ti vng c
in tr sut ln
I.7.41. Vic lp t trang b ni t cho thit b in c in p ln hn 1kV trong li
in trung tnh ni t hiu qu, vng t c in tr sut () ln hn
500m, xc nh vo thi gian bt li nht trong nm (o vo ma kh), cn
thc hin theo cc bin php sau:
a. Tng chiu di cc ni t nu in tr sut ca t gim theo su.
b. t in cc ni t ko di (c th t 1 n 2 km) nu gn c nhng
ch c in tr sut ca t nh hn.
c. Ci to t lm gim in tr sut ca t (dng bt st, bt bentnt hoc
than ch v.v. trn vi cc cht ph gia khc).
Trong vng t c , cho php t cc in cc ni t nng hn so vi yu
cu nhng khng c nh hn 0,15m. Ngoi ra khng cn b tr cc ni t
cc ca ra vo.
I.7.42. Vic lp t trang b ni t cho thit b in c in p ln hn 1kV, vng
t c in tr sut ln hn 500m, c php tng gi tr in tr ni t ca
trang b ni t ln n 0,001[] nhng khng c ln hn 5, nu vic
thc hin nh iu I.7.41 c chi ph qu cao.
I.7.43. Trng hp thc hin trang b ni t nh iu I.7.42 vn khng t c
theo yu cu th cho php thc hin theo tiu chun in p tip xc v in
p bc cho php. Cch xc nh in p tip xc v in p bc c th
thc hin theo Ph lc I.7.2.
I.7.44. Trang b ni t phi m bo tr s in p tip xc v in p bc khng
ln hn gi tr qui nh bt k thi gian no trong nm khi c dng ngn
mch chy qua.

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I.7.45. Khi xc nh gi tr in p tip xc v in p bc cho php, thi gian tc
ng tnh ton phi ly bng tng thi gian tc ng ca bo v v thi gian ct
ton phn ca my ct. ch lm vic ca cng nhn khi thc hin cc thao
tc ng ct c th xut hin ngn mch ra cc kt cu m cng nhn c th
chm ti th thi gian tc ng ca thit b bo v phi ly bng thi gian tc
ng ca bo v d phng.

Ni t thit b in in p trn 1kV

trung tnh cch ly
I.7.46. i vi thit b in trn 1kV trung tnh cch ly, tr s in tr ni t trong
nm c xc nh theo cc cng thc sau y, nhng khng c ln hn
10:
a. Nu trang b ni t ng thi s dng cho c thit b in c in p cao hn
1kV v di 1kV.
Rn

125
[]
Icd

Trong trng hp ny vn phi thc hin nhng yu cu v ni t cho thit b

in c in p n 1kV.
b. Nu trang b ni t ch s dng ring cho nhng thit b in c in p cao
hn 1kV.
Rnd

250
[]
Icd

Trong :
Rn: Tr s in tr ni t ln nht khi c tnh n s thay i in tr sut ca
t () theo thi tit trong nm, []
Icd: Dng in chm t tnh ton, [A]
I.7.47. Dng in chm t tnh ton:
1. i vi li in khng c b dng in in dung: l dng in tng chm
t.

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2. i vi li in c b dng in in dung:
Trang b ni t ni vi thit b b - bng 125% dng in danh nh ca
thit b b.
Khi trang b ni t khng ni qua thit b b, dng in tnh ton l
dng in chm t d khi ct thit b b c cng sut ln nht, hoc ct
nhnh li ln nht.
I.7.48. Tr s dng in chm t tnh ton phi xc nh theo s vn hnh ca li
in khi dng in ngn mch c tr s ln nht.
I.7.49. Vi thit b in c trung tnh cch ly, in tr ni t c tnh ton theo iu
I.7.46. Dng in chm t tnh ton c th c xc nh theo dng in tc
ng ca rle bo v chm t mt pha hoc ngn mch gia cc pha nu dng
ngn mch gia cc pha m bo ct chm t.
Dng in chm t tnh ton khng c nh hn 1,5 ln dng in tc ng
ca rle bo v hoc 3 ln dng danh nh ca dy chy.

Ni t thit b in in p n 1kV
trung tnh ni t trc tip
I.7.50. Dy trung tnh ca ngun cp in (my pht in, my bin p) phi c ni
chc chn vi trang b ni t bng dy ni t v cc trang b ni t ny cn
t st gn cc thit b trn. Tit din ca dy ni t khng c nh hn quy
nh bng I.7.1 ca iu I.7.72.
Trong cc trng hp ring, nh cc trm bin p bn trong cc phn xng,
cho php t cc trang b ni t trc tip gn ngay tng nh (pha bn
ngoi).
I.7.51. Cc dy pha v dy trung tnh ca my bin p, my pht in n bng phn
phi iu khin, thng thc hin bng thanh dn.
dn in ca thanh dn trung tnh phi khng nh hn 50% ca thanh dn
pha Nu s dng cp thay th cc thanh dn th phi dng cp 4 rut.

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Phn I. Quy nh chung

I.7.52. Tr s in tr ni t ca trung tnh my pht in hoc my bin p, hoc u
ra ca ngun in mt pha bt k thi im no trong nm khng c ln
hn 2, 4 tng ng vi in p dy ca ngun in ba pha l 660V, 380V
hoc tng ng vi in p pha ca ngun in mt pha l 380V, 220V. Gi tr
ca in tr ny c tnh n c ni t t nhin v ni t lp li cho dy
trung tnh ca DK. in tr ni t ca cc cc ni t t gn st trung tnh
ca my bin p, my pht in hoc u ra ca ngun in mt pha khng
c ln hn 15; 30 tng ng vi cc gi tr ca in p nh nu trn.
Khi in tr sut ca t ln hn 100m, cho php tng in tr ni t ln
0,01 ln, nhng khng c ln hn 10 ln.
I.7.53. Dy trung tnh phi c ni t lp li ti cc ct cui v ct r nhnh ca
DK. Dc theo dy trung tnh phi ni t lp li vi khong cch thng t
200 n 250m.
ni t lp li trong li in xoay chiu nn s dng cc vt ni t t
nhin, cn i vi li in mt chiu th nht thit phi t trang b ni t
nhn to.
I.7.54. in tr ca tt c cc ni t lp li (k c ni t t nhin) cho dy trung tnh
ca DK bt k thi im no trong nm khng c ln hn 5, 10 tng
ng vi in p dy ca ngun in ba pha l 660V, 380V hoc tng ng vi
in p pha ca ngun mt pha l 380V, 220V. Trong gi tr in tr ca
mi ni t lp li khng c ln hn 15; 30 tng ng vi cc gi tr in
p nu trn.

Ni t thit b in in p n 1kV
trung tnh cch ly
I.7.55. i vi thit b in c trung tnh cch ly, tr s in tr ni t ca thit b
in khng c ln hn 4.
Nu cng sut ca my pht in hoc my bin p t 100kVA tr xung th
in tr ni t khng uc ln hn 10.

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Phn I. Quy nh chung

Trng hp cc my pht in hoc cc my bin p lm vic song song vi
tng cng sut ca chng khng ln hn 100kVA th tr s in tr ni t
khng c ln hn 10.
I.7.56. Cm s dng t lm dy pha hoc dy trung tnh i vi nhng thit b in
c in p n 1kV.

Ni t cc thit b dng in cm tay

I.7.57. Thit b dng in cm tay ch c nhn in trc tip t li in khi in p
ca li khng c qu 380/220V.
I.7.58. V kim loi ca thit b dng in cm tay c in p trn 36V xoay chiu v
trn 110V mt chiu trong cc gian nguy him hoc rt nguy him phi c
ni t, tr trng hp thit b c cch in hai lp hoc c cp in t
my bin p cch ly.
I.7.59. Phi ni t hoc ni trung tnh cho cc thit b dng in cm tay bng cc
dy ring (dy th ba i vi cc dng c in mt chiu v mt pha xoay
chiu, dy th t cho cc dng c in ba pha). Nn t dy ny trong cng
mt v vi cc dy pha v ni vi v ca dng c in. Khng cho php s
dng dy trung tnh lm vic lm dy ni t.
I.7.60. cp in cho cc thit b dng in cm tay phi s dng nhng cm in
v phch cm chuyn dng. Loi cm v phch cm ny m bo khng cm
nhm cc ni t vi cc dng in v khi cm th cc ni t tip xc trc
cc dng in, khi ngt in th cc ni t c ct sau cng. Nu cm in
c v bng kim loi, phi ni v kim loi vi cc ni t. Dy dn v pha
ngun cung cp phi c u vo cm, cn dy dn v pha dng c in
phi c u vo phch cm.
I.7.61. Dy ni t ca cc thit b dng in cm tay dng trong cng nghip phi
bng dy ng mm v c tit din ln hn 1,5mm2, cn i vi thit b dng
in cm tay dng trong sinh hot th tit din phi ln hn 0,75mm2.

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Ni t thit b in di ng
I.7.62. Cc trm pht in di ng phi c trang b ni t ging nh qui nh trong
iu I.7.59.
I.7.63. i vi thit b di ng nhn in t ngun in c nh hoc t trm pht in
di ng phi ni v ca thit b ti trang b ni t ca ngun cung cp in.
Trong li in c trung tnh cch ly nn b tr trang b ni t cho thit b
in di ng ngay bn cnh thit b. Tr s in tr ni t phi tho mn cc
yu cu ca iu I.7.55. Nn u tin s dng cc vt ni t t nhin gn .
I.7.64. Nu vic ni t cho thit b in di ng khng th thc hin c hoc khng
p ng c yu cu ca quy phm ny th phi thay th vic ni t bng
vic ct bo v ct in p a vo thit b khi b chm t.
I.7.65. Khng yu cu ni t cho thit b in di ng trong cc trng hp di y:
a. Nu thit b in di ng c mt my pht in ring (khng cp in cho cc
thit b khc) t trc tip ngay trn my v trn mt b kim loi chung.
b. Nu cc thit b in di ng (vi s lng khng ln hn 2) nhn in t
trm pht in di ng ring (khng cung cp in cho cc thit b khc) vi
khong cch t thit b di ng n trm pht in khng qu 50m v v ca
cc thit b di ng c ni vi v ca ngun pht in bng dy dn.
I.7.66. La chn dy ni t, dy ni v cho nhng thit b di ng phi ph hp vi
cc yu cu ca quy phm ny.
Dy ni t, dy trung tnh bo v v dy ni v ca thit b phi l dy
ng mm c tit din bng tit din dy pha v nn cng trong mt v
vi cc dy pha.
Trong li in c trung tnh cch ly, cho php t dy ni t v dy ni v
ring bit vi dy pha. Trong trng hp ny tit din ca chng khng c
nh hn 2,5mm2.
lm dy ni v ca ngun cp in vi v ca thit b di ng c th s
dng:
a. Li th 5 ca dy cp trong li in ba pha c dy trung tnh lm vic.

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Phn I. Quy nh chung

b. Li th 4 ca dy cp trong li in ba pha khng c dy trung tnh lm
vic.
c. Li th ba ca dy cp trong li in mt pha.

Trang b ni t
I.7.67. Khi thit k ni t cho thit b in phi xc nh tr s in tr sut ca t
bng cch o ti hin trng. Tr s in tr sut s dng trong tnh ton thit
k phi xc nh bng cch nhn tr s o c vi h s ma.
Ghi ch: H s ma l h s ph thuc vo s thay i thi tit trong mt nm
(gia ma ma v ma kh) t ti tr s in tr sut bt li nht trong
nm.
I.7.68. Khi thit k ni t nn s dng cc vt ni t t nhin.
Cc b phn sau y c s dng lm ni t t nhin:
a. ng dn nc v ng dn bng kim loi chn trong t, tr cc ng ng
dn cht lng d chy, kh v hp cht chy, n.
b. ng chn trong t ca ging khoan.
c. Kt cu kim loi v b tng ct thp nm trong t ca to nh v cng trnh
xy dng.
d. ng ng kim loi ca cng trnh thu li.
e. V bc ch ca dy cp t trong t. Khng c php s dng v nhm
ca dy cp lm cc ni t t nhin.
f. ng ray ca cn trc, ng ray ni b x nghip nu nh gia cc thanh
ray c ni vi nhau bng cu ni.
B phn ni t t nhin phi c ni ti trang b ni t nhn to (ni t
chnh) t nht ti 2 im.
I.7.69. in cc ni t nhn to c th s dng cc thp ng, thp trn, thp dt, thp
gc ng thng ng hoc thp trn, thp dt v.v. t nm ngang.

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Phn I. Quy nh chung

Kch thc nh nht ca cc in cc ca trang b ni t theo quy nh
bng I.7.1. Ti nhng ni d b n mn, cc in cc ca trang b ni t phi
c m ng hoc m km. Trng hp c bit, ti nhng ni c nhiu cht
n mn kim loi mnh, ngoi vic m trn cn phi tng tit din ca cc in
cc ca trang b ni t v phi c ch kim tra thng xuyn.
in cc chn trong t ca trang b ni t khng c qut nha ng
hoc cc lp sn cch in khc.

Dy ni t v dy trung tnh bo v
I.7.70. Phi u tin dng dy trung tnh lm vic lm dy trung tnh bo v.
lm dy ni t ph v dy trung tnh bo v, cho php s dng cc vt dn
t nhin di y:
a. Kt cu kim loi ca ngi nh (ko, ct, gi thit b, ct thp ca ct b
tng ct thp v.v.).
b. Kt cu kim loi trong sn xut (ng ray, cu trc, khung kim loi ca cc
b phn giao thng i li (thang my, hm sn v.v.).
c. ng thp ca thit b in.
d. ng kim loi dn nc, thot nc, dn hi nhit (tr cc ng dn cht chy
n) ca cc thit b in in p n 1kV.
e. V cp bng nhm.
f. Kt cu kim loi ca ct btng c hoc btng ly tm.
Khi s dng chng lm dy ni t chnh th phi p ng cc yu cu ca dy
ni t trong quy phm ny.
Nhng vt dn in t nhin phi c ni ti trang b ni t chc chn, lin
mch.
I.7.71. Cm s dng v kim loi ca dy dn kiu ng, cp treo ca ng dn in,
v kim loi ca ng cch in, tay nm kim loi, v ch ca dy v cp in

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Phn I. Quy nh chung

lm dy ni t hoc dy trung tnh bo v. Ch cho php dng v ch ca cp
vo mc ch trn trong ci to li in thnh ph c in p 380/220V.
Trong cc gian v thit b ngoi tri c yu cu ni t, ni trung tnh th v
kim loi ni trn phi c ni t chc chn trn ton b chiu di. Hp cp
v hp u dy cn c ni vi v kim loi bng cch hn hoc bng bulng.
Cc mi ni bng bulng phi c bin php chng g v chng ni lng.
Dy ni t v dy trung tnh bo v t trong nh v ngoi tri phi tip cn
c kim tra. Vic kim tra khng p dng cho dy trung tnh ca cp bc,
ct thp ca kt cu btng ct thp, cng nh dy ni t t trong ng, hp
hoc kt cu xy dng.
Dy ni t bng thp t ngoi tri phi m km.
I.7.72. Dy ni t bng ng hoc nhm hoc thp phi c kch thc khng nh hn
tr s quy nh trong bng I.7.1.
Cm s dng dy nhm trn chn trong t lm dy ni t.
I.7.73. Vi nhng thit b in c in p cao hn 1kV v dng in chm t ln, tit
din ca dy ni t phi m bo khi c dng in chm t tnh ton mt pha
chy qua m nhit ca dy ni t khng vt qu 400oC (iu kin pht
nng ngn hn ph hp vi thi gian ct ca thit b bo v chnh).
Bng I.7.1. Kch thc nh nht ca dy ni t v dy trung tnh bo v

Tn
Dy trn:
Tit din, mm2
ng knh, mm
Tit din dy cch in,
mm2
Tit din rut ni t v
ni trung tnh ca cp
hoc dy nhiu rut

Quy phm trang b in

ng

Nhm

Trong
nh

Thp
Ngoi
tri

4
-

6
-

10

1,5(*)

2,5

Trong
t

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Phn I. Quy nh chung

trong v bo v chung
vi cc rut pha, mm2
Chiu dy cnh thp gc,
mm
Tit din thp thanh,
mm2
Chiu dy, mm
ng:
Chiu dy thnh ng,
mm
ng thp mng:
Chiu dy thnh ng,
mm

2,5

2,5

24
3

48
4

48
4

2,5

2,5

2,5

3,5

1,5

2,5

Khng
cho php

Ghi ch: Khi t dy trong ng, tit din ca dy trung tnh bo v c php
bng 1mm2 nu dy pha c cng tit din.
I.7.74. Vi nhng thit b in c in p cao hn 1kV v dng in chm t nh, tit
din ca dy ni t phi m bo khi c dng in chm t tnh ton mt pha
m nhit pht nng lu di ca dy ni t t ngm di t khng vt qu
150oC.
I.7.75. Thit b in n 1kV v cao hn c trung tnh cch ly, in dn ca dy ni
t khng c nh hn 1/3 in dn ca dy pha, cn tit din khng nh hn
tr s trong bng I.7.1, v khng cn ly ln hn 120mm2 nu l dy thp,
khng ln hn 35mm2 nu l dy nhm, v khng ln hn 25mm2 nu l dy
ng.
Trong nh xng sn xut, li ni t chnh dng thanh thp phi c tit din
khng nh hn 100mm2. C th dng thp trn cng tit din.
I.7.76. i vi thit b in c in p n 1kV trung tnh ni t trc tip, m bo
kh nng ct t ng khu vc xy ra s c, tit din dy pha v dy trung tnh
bo v phi chn sao cho khi chm v hoc chm dy trung tnh bo v, dng
in ngn mch khng nh hn:
a. 3 ln dng in danh nh ca dy chy cu chy gn nht.
b. 3 ln dng in danh nh ca phn t ct khng iu chnh c hoc dng
in chnh nh phn t ct iu chnh c ca ptmt c c tnh dng in
quan h ngc.

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Phn I. Quy nh chung

bo v li in bng ptmt ch c phn t ct in t (ct nhanh), tit
din ca dy phi m bo dng in chy qua khng nh hn mc chnh nh
dng in khi ng tc thi nhn vi h s phn tn (theo s liu ca nh ch
to) v h s d tr 1,1. Khi khng c s liu ca nh ch to, i vi ptmt
c dng in danh nh n 100A, bi s dng in ngn mch so vi mc
chnh nh phi khng nh hn 1,4; i vi ptmt c dng in danh nh
trn 100A - khng nh hn 1,25.
Tit din ca dy trung tnh bo v, trong mi trng hp phi khng nh hn
50% tit din ca dy pha.
Nu yu cu trn khng p ng c gi tr dng in chm v hoc chm dy
trung tnh bo v th vic ct dng ngn mch ny phi bng thit b bo v c
bit.
I.7.77. Thit b in c in p n 1kV trung tnh ni t trc tip, dy trung tnh bo
v nn t chung v bn cnh cc dy pha.
Dy trung tnh lm vic phi tnh ton m bo dng in lm vic lu di.
Dy trung tnh lm vic c th l dy cch in c cch in nh dy pha. Vic
cch in dy trung tnh lm vic cng nh dy trung tnh bo v bt buc
nhng ch nu dng dy trn c th to ra cp in ngu hoc lm h hng
cch in ca dy pha do tia la gia dy trung tnh trn v v hoc kt cu (v
d khi t dy trong ng, hp, mng). Khng yu cu cch in nu dng v
hoc kt cu ca b thanh ci (trn gi hoc trong thit b hp b) lm dy
trung tnh lm vic v bo v, cng nh vi v nhm hoc ch ca cp (xem thm
iu I.7.71).
Trong gian sn xut, mi trng bnh thng, c php dng kt cu kim loi,
ng, v v kt cu thanh ci lm dy trung tnh lm vic (xem thm iu I.7.70)
khi:
Cp in cho ph ti n l mt pha c cng sut nh, in p n 42V.
Cp in mt pha cho cun dy ng ct ca khi ng t hoc cngtct.
Cp in mt pha cho thit b chiu sng v mch iu khin tn hiu ca
cu trc bng mt pha.

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I.7.78. Khng cho php dng dy trung tnh lm vic lm dy trung tnh bo v cho
cc dng c in cm tay mt pha hoc mt chiu. Dy trung tnh bo v phi
l dy ring th ba u vo cm ba cc.
I.7.79. Khng c t cu chy hoc thit b ct trong mch dy ni t v dy trung
tnh bo v.
Mch dy trung tnh lm vic ng thi lm trung tnh bo v c th cng ct
ng thi vi dy pha.
Nu dng thit b ct mt cc, bt buc phi t dy pha, khng c t
dy trung tnh.
I.7.80. Khng c php dng dy trung tnh lm vic ca ng dy ny lm dy
trung tnh ca thit b in c cung cp t ng dy khc.
c php dng dy trung tnh lm vic ca ng dy chiu sng lm dy
trung tnh ca thit b in c cung cp t ng dy khc nu ng dy
trn c cung cp t cng mt my bin p, tit din dy trung tnh lm vic
phi ln p ng trong mi trng hp v loi tr kh nng b ct khi
ng dy khc k trn ang lm vic. Trong trng hp ny, khng c
dng thit b ct ct dy trung tnh lm vic cng vi dy pha.
I.7.81. Trong li in trn khng in p n 1kV c trung tnh ni t trc tip, tr
s dng in ngn mch dng kim tra kh nng ct khi c ngn mch gia
cc pha vi dy trung tnh c xc nh theo cng thc gn ng di y:
Ik =

Up
Zbt
Ztp +
3

Trong :
Up: in p pha ca li in
Ztp = rtp2 + xtp2 : tng tr ton phn im nt ca mch vng gia dy pha
v dy trung tnh ly bng 0,6/km.
Zbt: tng tr ca my bin p.

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Ch tnh n Zbt trong cng thc trn nu ng mch vo my bin p 3 pha
Y/y - 12 v khi Zbt ly theo s liu ca nh ch to. Cn cc trng hp
khc khng a Zbt vo cng thc tnh ton.
I.7.82. Trong nhng gian m t v c hi n mn th dy ni t phi t cch tng
t nht 10mm.
I.7.83. Dy ni t phi c bo v chng h hng v c hc v ho hc, lu
nhng ch giao cho vi ng cp, ng dn, ng st v.v. Bo v chng h
hng v ho hc phi c bit ch ti nhng khu vc c mi trng d n
mn.
I.7.84. Dy ni t xuyn qua tng phi c t trong nhng l h, lun trong ng
hoc v bc cng.
I.7.85. Khng cho php s dng dy ni t vo cc mc ch khc. Ch cho php s
dng dy ni t ni tm thi vo my hn nu tit din ca dy ni t m
bo dn c dng in hn chy qua. Ch c s dng dy trung tnh ni vo
mch iu khin ca my cng c trong trng hp c bit.
I.7.86. Ti ch dy ni t vo cng trnh phi c nhng k hiu ring d quan st.
Dy ni t t trn, cc kt cu ca trang b ni t pha trn mt t phi
sn mu tm hoc en.
Trong nhng gian c yu cu cao v trang tr, cho php sn dy ni t ph
hp vi mu ca gian phng, nhng ti ch ni hoc phn nhnh ca dy ni
t phi sn 2 vch mu tm hoc en cch nhau 150mm. ng dy in
nhnh 2 dy, trong dy trung tnh c s dng lm dy ni t th ti ch
hn hoc ch ni ca dy trung tnh cng phi sn mu tm.
I.7.87. Mi ni gia dy ni t v dy trung tnh bo v vi nhau phi m bo tip
xc tt bng cch hn trc tip hoc kho ni chuyn dng. Mi hn phi c
chiu di chng ln nhau bng 2 ln b rng ca thanh ni nu l tit din ch
nht, hoc 6 ln ng knh ca thanh ni nu l tit din trn.
Trn cc DK c php ni dy trung tnh ging nh ni ca dy pha.

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Phn I. Quy nh chung

Mi ni trong gian m t, c hi hoc kh n mn kim loi phi thc hin
bng cch hn. Trng hp khng c iu kin hn, cho php ni bng bulng
nhng mi ni phi c sn bo v. Mi ni phi tip cn c kim tra
I.7.88. Khi s dng cc vt dn nu trong iu I.7.70 lm dy ni t phi tho
mn cc yu cu sau:
a. Mi ni ca chng phi tip xc chc chn v phi m bo dn in lin
tc sut chiu di ca vt dn.
b. Khi s dng cc kt cu kim loi k tip nhau lm dy ni t phi ni
chng vi nhau bng cc thanh dn c tit din khng nh hn 100mm2 v ni
bng hn. Khi s dng cc kt cu i vi thit b in c in p n 1kV
trung tnh ni t trc tip phi ni chng bng cu dn c tit din ging nh
dy ni t.
I.7.89. Nhng ng thp lun dy dn in, hp mng v kt cu khc s dng lm dy
ni t hoc dy trung tnh bo v phi c ni vi nhau chc chn.
Trng hp ng thp t h c th s dng cc mng sng ni trn lp sn
minium hoc s dng cc kt cu ni khc c tip xc chc chn.
Trng hp ng thp t kn ch c php ni bng mng sng xit cht
trn lp sn minium.
Khi mi ni c nhng on ren di, trn mi pha ca n phi c ai c
hm.
Trng hp t kn cng nh t h trong li in c trung tnh ni t phi
c 2 mi hn ti mi pha ca u ni ng (trng hp ny khng cn t ai
c hm nu t h).
Khi dy dn in lun trong cc ng thp v cc ng thp ny c s dng
lm dy ni t, ti u vo phi c ni kim loi gia ng thp v v thit b
in.
I.7.90. Ni dy ni t vi in cc ni t ko di (v d ng dn) phi ni ti u
dn vo cng trnh bng cch hn. Nu khng c iu kin hn th cho php s

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Phn I. Quy nh chung

dng cc ai gi, khi ni phi co sch ng v m thic ti mt tip xc ca
chng trc khi t ai.
I.7.91. Vic ni dy ni t ti cc kt cu ni t phi bng cch hn, vic ni dy ni
t ti thit b my mc v.v. c th bng cch hn hoc bulng ni chc chn.
Cc mi ni ny trn b phn rung ng hoc chn ng phi c bin php
m bo tip xc tt (ai c hm, vng m hm).
Dy ni t hoc trung tnh bo v cho thit b thng xuyn b tho lp hoc
t trn b phn chuyn ng phi bng dy dn mm.
I.7.92. im trung tnh ca my bin p hoc my pht in ni t trc tip hoc qua
thit b b dng in in dung phi c ni ti li ni t hoc thanh ni
t chnh bng dy ni t ring.
I.7.93. H ni t an ton, ni t lm vic v ni t chng st phi c ni ti
li ni t bng dy nhnh ring.

Quy phm trang b in

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MC LC

Phn I
QUY NH CHUNG
Chng I.1
PHN CHUNG
Phm vi p dng v nh ngha ...................................................... Trang 1
Ch dn chung v trang b in ................................................................15
u cng trnh in vo h thng in ................................................... 20

Chng I.2
LI IN V CUNG CP IN
Phm vi p dng v nh ngha .............................................................. 22
Yu cu chung ....................................................................................... 23
Loi h tiu th in, tin cy cung cp in ..................................... 26
S cung cp in ............................................................................... 27
Cht lng in p v iu chnh in p .............................................. 29
Li in thnh ph in p n 35 kV ................................................ 30

Chng I.3
CHN TIT DIN DY DN
Phm vi p dng ..................................................................................... 33
Chn dy dn theo mt dng in kinh t ......................................... 33
Chn dy dn theo tn tht in p cho php ......................................... 36
Chn dy dn theo pht nng cho php ............................................. 36
Dng in lu di cho php ca cp lc ............................................. 44
Dng in lu di cho php i vi dy dn
v thanh dn trn.......................................................................................54

 Chn dy dn theo iu kin vng quang .............................................. 61

Chn dy chng st ................................................................................ 62

Chng I.4
CHN THIT B IN V DY DN THEO
IU KIN NGN MCH
Phm vi p dng ..................................................................................... 63
Yu cu chung ........................................................................................ 63
Xc nh dng in ngn mch chn thit b v dy dn .................. 65
Chn dy dn v cch in, kim tra kt cu chu lc theo
lc in ng ca dng in ngn mch ................................................ 66
Chn dy dn theo iu kin pht nng khi ngn mch ......................... 67
Chn thit b in theo kh nng ng ct ..............................................68

Chng I.5
M IN NNG
Phm vi p dng v nh ngha .............................................................. 69
Yu cu chung ....................................................................................... 69
V tr t cng t .................................................................................... 70
Yu cu i vi cng t ............................................................................ 72
m in nng qua my bin in o lng ......................................... 73
t v u dy vo cng t .................................................................... 75
Cng t kim tra (k thut) .................................................................... 77

Chng I.6
O IN
Phm vi p dng ..................................................................................... 78
Yu cu chung ........................................................................................ 78
o dng in .......................................................................................... 79

 o in p v kim tra cch in ............................................................ 81

o cng sut ........................................................................................... 82
o tn s ................................................................................................. 83
o lng khi ho ng b ...................................................................... 84

t dng c o in ................................................................................ 84

Chng I.7
NI T
Phm vi p dng v nh ngha ............................................................... 85
Yu cu chung ......................................................................................... 87
Nhng b phn phi ni t .................................................................... 90
Nhng b phn khng phi ni t ......................................................... 91
Ni t thit b in in p trn 1kV
trung tnh ni t hiu qu ..................... ................................................ 92
Ni t thit b in ti vng t c in tr sut ln ............................. 95
Ni t thit b in in p trn 1kV
trung tnh cch ly .................................................................................... 96
Ni t thit b in in p n 1kV
trung tnh ni t trc tip ....................................................................... 97
Ni t thit b in in p n 1kV
trung tnh cch ly .................................................................................... 98
Ni t cc thit b in cm tay ............................................................ 99
Ni t cc thit b in di ng ............................................................100
Trang b ni t ......................................................................................101
Dy ni t v dy trung tnh bo v .....................................................102
Ph lc I.3.1 ...........................................................................................110
Ph lc I.3.2 .......................................................................................... 113
Ph lc I.7.1 .......................................................................................... 116

Ph lc I.7.2 ........................................................................................... 117

Phn I: Quy nh chung

Ph lc I.3.1
Tnh ton kim tra dng in lu di cho php ca dy dn trn
Dng in lu di cho php ca dy dn trn theo iu kin pht nng do dng in
v do bc x mt tri c tnh bng cng thc sau:

I=

Ws

h w + hr .

R20 dc . [1 + .(T

. .d.

+ 20 )]

Trong :
I: Dng in lu di cho php

[A]

d: ng knh ngoi ca dy dn

[cm]

: tng nhit cho php trn dy dn

[C]

T: Nhit khng kh ng vi thi im kim tra

v thng chn nhit khng kh cao nht

(C)

: H s tng in tr do nhit

(1/C)

R20 dc : in tr dy dn in 20oC vi dng in mt chiu

(/cm)

Ws : Nng lng bc x mt tri

(W/cm)

: H s pht nhit (chn bng 0,9)

: T s gia in tr xoay chiu v mt chiu
v : Tc gi tnh ton

(m/s)

h w : H s tn nhit do i lu c tnh bng cng thc thc nghim Rice nh sau:

h w = 0.000572.

v
d

273 + T +
2

(W/C.cm2)

0.123

hr : H s tn nhit do bc x (nh lut Stefan Boltzmann)

c tnh bng cng thc sau:

4

273 + T + 273 + T

100
100

h r = 0.000567.

Quy phm trang b in

(W/C.cm2)
Trang 110

Phn I: Quy nh chung

I. Cc tr s la chn trong tnh ton
1. Nng lng bc x mt tri: tham kho cc s liu tnh ton ca cc nc khu
vc ln cn, la chn:
Ws = 0,1 W/cm2
2. Tc gi tnh ton:
v = 0,6 m/s
3. Nhit khng kh T ph thuc thi im kim tra dng in lu di cho php,
iu kin bt li nht l chn nhit khng kh cao nht v ph hp vi iu kin kh
hu Vit Nam T = 40C.
4. H s tng in tr do nhit ph thuc vt liu dy dn
i vi dy nhm li thp, thng thng = 0,00403
i vi dy hp kim nhm

= 0,00360

i vi dy ng

= 0,00393

5. T s gia in tr xoay chiu v mt chiu c th tham kho bng 1 cho cc

loi dy nhm li thp thng dng.
6. tng nhit cho php trn dy dn ph thuc nhit cho php trn dy
dn v nhit khng kh T (= 40C iu kin kh hu Vit Nam).
i vi dy nhm li thp, dy hp kim nhm: nhit cho php trn dy
dn t ti 90C trong iu kin vn hnh bnh thng, ngha l:
= 90C - 40C = 50C
i vi dy siu nhit (TAL): nhit cho php trn dy dn t ti 150oC
trong iu kin vn hnh bnh thng, ngha l:
= 150C - 40C = 110C
i vi dy cc siu nhit (ZTAL): nhit cho php trn dy dn t ti
210 C trong iu kin vn hnh bnh thng, ngha l:
o

= 210C - 40C = 170C

Dng in lu di cho php ca dy dn ph thuc nhiu vo thi im kim tra. V
d nu kim tra vo ban m, nhit khng kh T = 25C, nng lng bc x mt tri
Ws = 0, cho kt qu dng in lu di cho php tng ln ng k so vi ban ngy.

Quy phm trang b in

Trang 111

Phn I: Quy nh chung

II. T s in tr AC/DC ( RAC/RDC)
ca dy nhm rut thp tng cng (loi ACSR)

Nhit , oC
Tn s, Hz

60
50

70
60

50

80
60

50

90
60

50

60

RDC 20oC
(/km)

240mm2 RAC/RDC 1.002 1.003 1.0021.0031.0021.0021.002 1.002

0.1200

330mm2 RAC/RDC 1.004 1.006 1.0041.0061.0041.0051.004 1.005

0.0888

410mm2 RAC/RDC 1.007 1.010 1.0061.0091.0061.0091.006 1.008

0.0702

610mm2 RAC/RDC 1.032 1.039 1.0411.0481.0451.0521.048 1.055

0.0474

810mm2 RAC/RDC 1.048 1.063 1.0561.0701.0601.0731.061 1.074

0.0356

Nhit , oC
Tn s, Hz

100
50

60

110
50

60

120
50

60

RDC 20oC
(/km)

240mm2 RAC/RDC 1.002 1.002 1.0021.0021.0011.002

0.1200

330mm2 RAC/RDC 1.003 1.005 1.0031.0041.0031.004

0.0888

410mm2 RAC/RDC 1.005 1.008 1.0051.0071.0051.007

0.0702

610mm2 RAC/RDC 1.050 1.055 1.0511.0561.0521.057

0.0474

810mm2 RAC/RDC 1.062 1.074 1.0631.0741.0631.074

0.0356

Quy phm trang b in

Trang 112

Phn I: Quy nh chung

Ph lc I.3.2
Chn dy chng st
Dy chng st c la chn ch yu l p ng c iu kin n nh nhit khi
ngn mch mt pha. Dng in ngn mch cho php trn dy chng st c tnh bng
cng thc sau:
I=

K .S
t

Trong : I: dng in ngn mch cho php

(A)

t: thi gian tn ti ngn mch

(giy)

S: tit din dy chng st

(mm2)

K: hng s ph thuc vt liu ch to dy chng st:

i vi dy nhm li thp

k = 93

i vi dy thp m km

k = 56

i vi dy thp ph nhm

k = 91117

Thng dng cho dy chng st c kt hp cp quang.

Kh nng chu n nh nhit khi ngn mch mt pha ca dy chng st c so
snh bng i lng c trng [kA2s].
V d dng in ngn mch cho php trn dy chng st tnh c l I = 10kA, thi
gian tn ti ngn mch t = 0,5s, kh nng chu n nh nhit ca dy chng st s l:
(10kA)2.0,5s = 50kA2s
Trong thc hnh c th dng cc biu dng tnh ton dng in tc thi cho
php v so snh vi dng in ngn mch I N(1) mt pha ca h thng in ti v tr cn
(1)
kim tra, iu kin n nh nhit s m bo khi: I I N .

Quy phm trang b in

Trang 113

Phn I: Quy nh chung

Dng in tc thi cho php ca dy li thp

Thi gian (s)

Tit din (mm2)

0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
190
200

Quy phm trang b in

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

1.77

1.25

1.02

0.89

0.79

0.72

0.67

3.54

2.50

2.04

1.77

1.58

1.45

1.34

5.31

3.76

3.07

2.66

2.38

2.17

2.01

7.08

5.01

4.09

3.54

3.17

2.89

2.68

8.85

6.26

5.11

4.43

3.96

3.61

3.35

10.63

7.51

6.13

5.31

4.75

4.34

4.02

12.40

8.77

7.16

6.20

5.54

5.06

4.69

14.17

10.02

8.18

7.08

6.34

5.78

5.35

15.94

11.27

9.20

7.97

7.13

6.51

6.02

17.71

12.52

10.22

8.85

7.92

7.23

6.69

19.48

13.77

11.25

9.74

8.71

7.95

7.36

21.25

15.03

12.27

10.63

9.50

8.68

8.03

23.02

16.28

13.29

11.51

10.30

9.40

8.70

24.79

17.53

14.31

12.40

11.09

10.12

9.37

26.56

18.78

15.34

13.28

11.88

10.84

10.04

28.33

20.04

16.36

14.17

12.67

11.57

10.71

30.10

21.29

17.38

15.05

13.46

12.29

11.38

31.88

22.54

18.40

15.94

14.26

13.01

12.05

33.65

23.79

19.43

16.82

15.05

13.74

12.72

35.42

25.04

20.45

17.71

15.84

14.46

13.39
Trang 114

Phn I: Quy nh chung

Dng in tc thi cho php ca dy nhm li thp v dy
thp ph nhm

Quy phm trang b in

Trang 115

Phn I: Quy nh chung

Thi gian (s)
Tit din (mm2)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.00
2.94
5.88
8.82
11.76
14.70
17.65
20.59
23.53

0.00
2.08
4.16
6.24
8.32
10.40
12.48
14.56
16.64

0.00
1.70
3.40
5.09
6.79
8.49
10.19
11.89
13.58

0.00
1.47
2.94
4.41
5.88
7.35
8.82
10.29
11.76

0.00
1.32
2.63
3.95
5.26
6.58
7.89
9.21
10.52

0.00
1.20
2.40
3.60
4.80
6.00
7.20
8.40
9.60

90

26.47

18.72

15.28

13.23

11.84

10.81

100

29.41

20.80

16.98

14.70

13.15

12.01

110

32.35

22.87

18.68

16.18

14.47

13.21

120

35.29

24.95

20.38

17.65

15.78

14.41

130

38.23

27.03

22.07

19.12

17.10

15.61

140

41.17

29.11

23.77

20.59

18.41

16.81

150

44.11

31.19

25.47

22.06

19.73

18.01

160

47.05

33.27

27.17

23.53

21.04

19.21

170

50.00

35.35

28.86

25.00

22.36

20.41

180

52.94

37.43

30.56

26.47

23.67

21.61

190

55.88

39.51

32.26

27.94

24.99

22.81

200

58.82

41.59

33.96

29.41

26.30

24.01

0.00
1.11
2.22
3.33
4.45
5.56
6.67
7.78
8.89
10.0
0
11.1
2
12.2
3
13.3
4
14.4
5
15.5
6
16.6
7
17.7
9
18.9
0
20.0
1
21.1
2
22.2
3

Quy phm trang b in

Gi tr dng in tc thi (kA)

Trang 116

Phn I: Quy nh chung

Ph lc I.7.1
Cc s ni trung tnh thit b
1. S c dy trung tnh bo v v dy trung tnh lm vic chung:

2. S c dy trung tnh bo v tch mt phn:

Quy phm trang b in

Trang 116

Phn I: Quy nh chung

3. S c dy trung tnh lm vic v dy trung tnh bo v ring:

Ph lc I.7.2
Cch tnh in p tip xc v in p bc cho php
(Chi tit tham kho tiu chun IEEE Std 80-2000)
Tr s in p tip xc v in p bc cho php c tnh nh sau:
1. Etouch = (1000 + 1,5Cs . s )
2. Estep = (1000 + 6Cs . s )

0,116
ts

0,116
ts

Trong Etouch: in p tip xc cho php, V

Estep : in p bc cho php, V

0,09(1 )
s
l h s suy gim b mt
Cs = 1
2hs + 0,09

s : in tr sut ca lp vt liu b mt, m

: in tr sut ca t, m

hs : chiu dy lp vt liu b mt
ts: thi gian dng in qua ngi (ly bng tng thi gian tc ng ca bo v
v thi gian ct ton phn ca my ct), giy
Nu khng c lp b mt th = s v Cs = 1.

Quy phm trang b in

Trang 117

CNG HA X HI CH NGHA VIT NAM

B CNG NGHIP

Phn II
H THNG NG DN IN
11 TCN - 19 - 2006

H Ni - 2006