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Nguyn hm ca cc hm s thng gp
1)
dx = x + c
1)
2)
x dx =
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
x +1
+c
+1
x dx = ln x + c
cos x.dx = sin x + c
sin x.dx = cos x + c
1
cos x .dx = tgx + c
3)
4)
5)
sin
.dx = cot gx + c
x
x
x
8) e dx = e + c
7)
9)
dx =
6)
7)
a
+c
ln a
8)
1 (ax + b) +1
+c
a +1
1
1
ax + b dx = a ln ax + b + c
1
cos( ax + b)dx = a sin( ax + b) + c
1
sin( ax + b)dx = a cos( ax + b) + c
1
1
cos 2 (ax + b) dx = a tg (ax + b) + c
1
1
sin 2 (ax + b) dx = a cot g x + c
1 ax +b
ax + b
e dx = a e + c
1 a mx + n
mx + n
a dx = m ln a + c
(ax + b)dx =
Dng I :
f(x)dx .
a
b
f(x)dx = f((t)) '(t)dt
a
Cc bi ton dng I:
a)
f(x) = k 2x
2 2
t x = ksint vi t [ ; ]
1
V d 1 : Tnh
4 x2dx
I HC S PHM H NI
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2 2
Ta t x = 2sint vi t [ ; ]
x = 2sint dx = 2costdt
x = 0 t = 0
x = 1 t = 6
Vy
1
= 4 cos2 tdt = 2 [1+ cos2t]dt = 2(t + sin2t)
2
0
0
0
=
3
+
3 2
1
f(x) =
b)
k x2
2 2
t x = ksint vi t ( ; )
V d 2 : Tnh
1
2
1
2
1 x
dx
2 2
Ta t x = sint vi t ( ; )
x = sint dx = costdt
x = 0 t = 0
x = 2 t = 6
Vy
1
2
1 x2dx =
= dt =
0
cost
dt
cost
I HC S PHM H NI
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------f(x) =
c)
1
2
x + k2
t x = ktant;t ( ; )
2 2
2 3
V d 3 : Tnh
dx
x2 + 4
2 2
x = 2tant vi t ( ; )
x = 2tant dx = 2.
1
dt = 2(1+ tan2 t)dt
2
cos t
x = 0 t = 0
x = 2 3 t = 3
Vy
2 3
x2 + 4
0
1
dt =
20
6
b
Khi
f((x)) '(x)dx=
a
V d 1 : Tnh
(b)
(b)
f(t)dt
= F(t)
(a)
(a)
2x + 1
x2 + x + 1dx
0
1
d(x2 + x + 1)
2
dx
=
=
ln(x
+
x
+
1)
= ln3
x2 + x + 1 x2 + x + 1
0
0
0
2x + 1
I HC S PHM H NI
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------e
V d 2:
sin(lnx)
dx
x
1
e sin(lnx)
e
e
dx = sin(lnx)d(lnx) = cos(lnx) = [cos(lne) cos(ln1)] = 1 cos1
1
1 x
1
B. PHNG PHP TCH PHN TNG PHN
I.Cng thc tnh tch phn tng phn:
Nu u = u(x) v v = v(x) l hai hm s c o hm lin tc trn on [a;b].
b b
b
udv
=
uv
vdu
a
a a
Th
du=u'(x)dx
u=u(x)
t
dv=v(x) v= v(x)dx=V(x)+C
b
Ta chn C = 0 suy ra v(x)dx = V(x)
a
V d 1:
1
Tnh x.e x dx
0
u=x
du=dx
t
x
x
dv=e dx V=e
V d 2:
Tnh xcosxdx.
0
u=x
du=dx
t
dv=cosxdx V=sinx
V d 3:
Tnh
2xlnxdx
1
dx
u=lnx
du=
x
t
dv=2xdx V=x 2
V d 4:
I HC S PHM H NI
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Tnh
t
1 2 x
x e dx
0
u = x2
du = 2xdx
x
x
dv = e dx V = e
t u(x)
at d(v(x))
P(x)sin(ax+b)
P(x)
Sin(ax+b)dx
P(x)cos(ax+b)
P(x)
Cos(ax+b)dx
P(x)ln(ax+b)
Ln(ax+b)
P(x)dx
ax+b
P(x)e
P(x)
ax+b
e
dx
ax+b
Sin(ax+b)dx
e
(hoacsin(ax
+b))
ax+b
ax+b
Cos(ax+b)dx
e
cos(ax+b)
e
(hoac
cos(ax+b))
ax+b
Dng tch phn hai ln vi u=e
ax+b
e
sin(ax+b)
I HC S PHM H NI
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------b
P(x)
Nu bc P(x) ln hn hoc bng th ta phi chia P(x) cho Q(x).Ta xt trng hp bc ca P(x)
nh hn bc Q(x).
dx
(a,c 0)
Dng 1: I =
(ax + b)(cx + d)
P(x)
(ax + b)(cx + d)
P(x)dx
Dng 2:
(x )(ax2 + bx + c)
A
ax + b
B
cx + d
(a 0)
+
trong x0 l nghim kp ca pt:
(x x0) (x x0)2
ax2 + bx + c = 0
Nu < 0: Xc nh cc s A;D;E sao cho :
P(x)dx
A
Dx + E
=
+ 2
ta bin i
2
(x )(ax + bx + c) x ax + bx + c
D
2ax + b
bD
dx
I= 2
dx = 2
dx + E
; a v cc dng
2
2a
2a
ax
+
bx
+
c
ax
+
bx
+
c
ax
+
bx
+
c
Dx + E
A1
A2
+
2
A3
+ .... +
3
P(x)dx
(a;c 0) ;
Hoc
(ax + b)n(cx + d)m
An
ta t t = ax + b tnh .
(ax + b)n
I HC S PHM H NI
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------P(x)
(ax + b)n(cx + d)m
B3
+ ....
3
(cx + d)
A1
ax + b
A2
+ ... +
2
(ax + b)
An
+
n
(ax + b)
B1
cx + d
B2
(cx + d)2
Bm
(cx + d)m
x2 5x + 6 dx
0
dx
dx
4
I= 2
dx =
= ln ( > 0 )
x 3 0 x 2
3
0 x 5x + 6
0
V d 2: Tnh tch phn sau : I =
dx
x2 + x + 1
0
I=
0x
+ x+1
(c dng f(x) =
t x +
dx
1 3
x + 2 + 4
1
2
dx
x + k2
dx
2
2
1 3 ( < 0)
x + 2 + 2
1
3
3
=
tant dx =
(tan2 t + 1)dt
2 2
2
3
2
9
0 x + x+1
I=
dx
2
dx
V d 3: Tnh tch phn sau : I = 2
0x 8x + 16
2
2
dx
dx
1
I=
=
=
( = 0)
0x2 8x + 16
(x 4)2 4
dx
x
4
x
3
2(x 1)(x2 x 12) 2 x 1
2
2
A=
I HC S PHM H NI
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1
4x 1
B=
3
2
0 x + 2x + x + 2
1
dx
1
4x 1
1 9x + 2
9 dx
B= 3
dx
=
dx
2
5 0 x2 + 1
5 0 x + 2
0 x + 2x + x + 2
V d 6 : Tnh tch phn sau :
3
C=
x+1
2
2 x (x 1)
3
x+1
dx
3
dx
dx
dx
C= 2
dx = 2 2 + 2
x
x1
2 x (x 1)
2x
2
2
5 3x 7
dx
V d 7 : Tnh tch phn sau : D = 2
4x 5x + 6
5
3x 7
dx
dx
D= 2
dx =
+ 2
= ln6
x
2
x
3
x
5x
+
6
4
4
4
V d 8 : Tnh tch phn sau : I =
(x + 1)3 dx
0
dx
1
dx
=
+
=
3
3
2
8
0 (x + 1)
0 (x + 1)
0 (x + 1)
I=
dx
dx
(x2 + 3x + 2)2
0
1
1
dx
dx
dx
I= 2
dx
=
dx
=
+
x + 1 x + 2
(x + 1)2 (x + 2)2 (x + 1)(x + 2)
2
0 (x + 3x + 2)
0
0
0
0
1
dx
dx
dx
dx
2
9
+
2
+
2
=
+
ln
x + 1 x + 2 3 16
2
2
0 (x + 1)
0 (x + 2)
0
0
BI TP NGH:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Gv: Trn Quang Thun
I HC S PHM H NI
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1
dx
a.
0 (x2 + 3x + 2)
1 (2x + 3)dx
c. 2
0 (x + 3x + 2)2
0
(2x + 5)dx
e. 2
1 x + 2x + 2
1 (x7 + x2 + x)
g.
dx
6
0
x +1
b.
dx
0 (x2 + 3x + 2)2
1 (2x + 4)dx
d.
0 (x2 + 3x + 2)2
1 x2dx
f.
0x6 + 1
1 x4 + 1dx
h. 6
0 x +1
( m, n )
I HC S PHM H NI
3
2
2
2
2
2
VD: sin x.cos xdx = sin x.cos xd ( cos x ) = ( u 1) u du
1.2. Trng hp c hai s m,n chn ta dng cng thc h bc bi ton n gin hn.
2. Dng {sin mx.cos nx,sin mx.sin nx, cos mx.cos nx}dx : S dng cng thc bin tch thnh tng
tan m x
cosn x dx
3.1. Nu ly tha ca cosx l chn th ta bin i u = t anx
1
s inx
3.2. Nu ly tha ca tanx l l th ta bin i u =
, ch u ' =
cos x
cos 2 x
tan 6 x
tan 6 x 1
VD1:
dx =
dx = u 6 ( 1 + u 2 ) du
4
2
2
cos x
cos x cos x
5
2
tan x
tan 4 x s inx
VD2:
dx
=
. 2 dx = u 6 ( u 2 1) du
7
6
cos x
cos x cos x
s inx
1
1
3
2
dx = ( u2 1) du = u du
VD3: tan xdx = cos x.tan x.
2
cos x
u
u
3. Dng
x
x
4. Dng e sin ax, e cos bx
u = e x
u = e x
1
( ) v
( 2)
Phng php: Tch phn tng phn 2 ln vi
dv = sin ax
dv = cos ax
sau th (2) v (1) tnh tch phn cho.
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