BTS3012AE Base Station Antenna System Installation Manual

HUAWEI BTS3012AE Base Station Antenna System Installation Manual
Contents
Contents
1 Hardware Structure of the Antenna System.........................................................................1-1
1.1 Components...................................................................................................................................................1-2 1.2 Typical Hardware Structure...........................................................................................................................1-2
2 Installation Process of the Antenna System .........................................................................2-1

2.1 Installation Flow Chart..................................................................................................................................2-2 2.2 Installation Guide ..........................................................................................................................................2-3
3 Installation Preparations ..........................................................................................................3-1

3.1 Preparing Technical Documents....................................................................................................................3-2 3.2 Checking the Installation Environment .........................................................................................................3-2 3.3 Requirements for the Installation Personnel..................................................................................................3-2 3.4 Preparations by the Installation Personnel ....................................................................................................3-3 3.5 Preparing Tools and Instruments ...................................................................................................................3-4 3.6 Testing the Antenna .......................................................................................................................................3-4 3.7 Testing the TMA ...........................................................................................................................................3-5 3.8 Preparing the Feeder Connector ....................................................................................................................3-5 3.9 Assembling the Omnidirectional Antenna.....................................................................................................3-6 3.9.1 Omnidirectional Antenna Accessories .................................................................................................3-6 3.9.2 Assembling Procedure..........................................................................................................................3-8 3.10 Assembling the Directional Antenna ...........................................................................................................3-9 3.10.1 Directional Antenna Accessories........................................................................................................3-9 3.10.2 Assembling Procedure......................................................................................................................3-11 3.11 Hoisting the Antennas and Other Articles .................................................................................................3-12
4 Installing the Antenna System ................................................................................................4-1

4.1 Installing the Grounding Bar.........................................................................................................................4-3 4.1.1 Structure of the Grounding Bar............................................................................................................4-3 4.1.2 Installation Requirements ....................................................................................................................4-3 4.1.3 Installation Procedure ..........................................................................................................................4-3 4.2 Installing the Antenna Support on a Tower Platform ....................................................................................4-5 4.2.1 Structure of the Antenna Support on a Tower Platform .......................................................................4-5 4.2.2 Installation Requirements ....................................................................................................................4-6 4.2.3 Installation Procedure ..........................................................................................................................4-6
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Huawei Technologies Proprietary
Contents
4.3 Installing the Antenna Support on a Rooftop ................................................................................................4-8 4.3.1 Structure of the Antenna Support on a Rooftop ...................................................................................4-8 4.3.2 Installation Requirements ....................................................................................................................4-9 4.3.3 Installing the Antenna Support on a Rooftop Without Walls .............................................................4-10 4.3.4 Installing the Antenna Support on a Rooftop with Wall.....................................................................4-11 4.4 Installing the Omnidirectional Antenna on a Tower Platform .....................................................................4-13 4.4.1 Structure of the Omnidirectional Antenna on a Tower Platform........................................................4-13 4.4.2 Installation Requirements ..................................................................................................................4-14 4.4.3 Hoisting the Antennas and Other Articles ..........................................................................................4-14 4.4.4 Installation Procedure ........................................................................................................................4-15 4.5 Installing the Directional Antenna on a Tower Platform .............................................................................4-17 4.5.1 Structure of the Directional Antenna on a Tower Platform ................................................................4-17 4.5.2 Installation Requirements ..................................................................................................................4-17 4.5.3 Hoisting Antennas and Other Articles................................................................................................4-18 4.5.4 Installation Procedure ........................................................................................................................4-18 4.6 Installing the Omnidirectional Antenna on a Rooftop.................................................................................4-22 4.6.1 Structure of the Omnidirectional Antenna on a Rooftop....................................................................4-22 4.6.2 Installation Requirements ..................................................................................................................4-23 4.6.3 Hoisting Antennas and Other Articles................................................................................................4-23 4.6.4 Installation Procedure ........................................................................................................................4-24 4.7 Installing the Directional Antenna on Rooftop............................................................................................4-24 4.7.1 Structure of the Directional Antenna on a Rooftop ............................................................................4-24 4.7.2 Installation Requirements ..................................................................................................................4-26 4.7.3 Hoisting Antennas and Other Articles................................................................................................4-27 4.7.4 Installation Procedure ........................................................................................................................4-27 4.8 Making a Waterproof Curve........................................................................................................................4-28 4.8.1 Waterproof Curve at the Joint Between the 1/2-Inch Jumper and the Feeder ....................................4-28 4.9 Installing the TMA ......................................................................................................................................4-29 4.9.1 Overview of the TMA........................................................................................................................4-29 4.9.2 Installation Requirements ..................................................................................................................4-29 4.9.3 Installing the TMA on the Tower .......................................................................................................4-29 4.9.4 Installing the TMA on the Fixed Link................................................................................................4-30 4.9.5 Installing the TMA on a Wall .............................................................................................................4-31 4.9.6 Installing the Jumpers of the TMA ....................................................................................................4-32 4.10 Installing Feeders and Antenna Jumpers ...................................................................................................4-34 4.10.1 Cutting Feeders and Attaching Temporary Labels ...........................................................................4-34 4.10.2 Hoisting and Fixing Feeders ............................................................................................................4-35 4.10.3 Connecting Jumpers Between the Antenna and the Feeder..............................................................4-38 4.10.4 Connecting Jumpers Between the TMA and the Feeder ..................................................................4-39 4.10.5 Laying and Fixing the Feeders.........................................................................................................4-40 4.10.6 Grounding the Feeders .....................................................................................................................4-44 4.11 Installing Jumpers......................................................................................................................................4-49
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4.11.1 Installation Requirements.................................................................................................................4-49 4.11.2 Installing the 1/4-Inch Jumpers ........................................................................................................4-50 4.11.3 Installing the 1/2-Inch Jumpers ........................................................................................................4-50 4.12 Installing the RET Antenna Components and Signal Cables ....................................................................4-50 4.12.1 Installing the Bias-Tee......................................................................................................................4-51 4.12.2 Installing the RCU ...........................................................................................................................4-52 4.12.3 Installing the SBT ............................................................................................................................4-55 4.12.4 Connecting the AISG Control Cables to the RCU ...........................................................................4-57 4.13 Testing the Antenna System ......................................................................................................................4-58 4.14 Waterproofing the Connectors...................................................................................................................4-59
5 Checking the Installation .........................................................................................................5-1

5.1 Checking the Feeders ....................................................................................................................................5-2 5.2 Checking the Grounding Bar.........................................................................................................................5-3 5.3 Checking the Antennas..................................................................................................................................5-3 5.4 Checking the Jumpers and the TMA .............................................................................................................5-5
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Figures
Figures
Figure 1-1 Typical structure of the antenna system (installed on the rooftop with a single-polarization antenna and without the TMA).........................................................................................................................................1-3 Figure 1-2 Typical structure of the antenna system (installed on the rooftop with dual-polarization antenna and the TMA).............................................................................................................................................................1-4 Figure 1-3 Typical structure of the antenna system (installed on the tower with single-polarization antenna and the TMA).............................................................................................................................................................1-5 Figure 2-1 Installation process of the BTS3012AE antenna system ..................................................................2-2 Figure 3-1 Simple protection treatment for a feeder connector..........................................................................3-6 Figure 3-2 Simple waterproof treatment for the connecting point of the feeder ................................................3-6 Figure 3-3 Outline of the omnidirectional antenna.............................................................................................3-7 Figure 3-4 Fixing clip for the omnidirectional antenna (1) ................................................................................3-7 Figure 3-5 Fixing clip for the omnidirectional antenna (2) ................................................................................3-8 Figure 3-6 Fixing the omnidirectional antenna ..................................................................................................3-9 Figure 3-7 Outline of the directional antenna...................................................................................................3-10 Figure 3-8 Fixing clip for the directional antenna ............................................................................................3-10 Figure 3-9 Pitch angle adjuster.........................................................................................................................3-11 Figure 3-10 Waterproofed connection of the jumpers and the directional antenna ..........................................3-12 Figure 3-11 Hoisting the directional antenna ...................................................................................................3-13 Figure 4-1 Structure of the grounding bar ..........................................................................................................4-3 Figure 4-2 Installation of the grounding bar.......................................................................................................4-4 Figure 4-3 Cutaway section of the grounding bar ..............................................................................................4-4 Figure 4-4 Structure of the antenna support on a tower platform (unit: mm).....................................................4-5 Figure 4-5 Installation of the lightning rod ........................................................................................................4-6 Figure 4-6 Installing the antenna support on a tower platform...........................................................................4-7 Figure 4-7 Structure of the antenna support on a rooftop...................................................................................4-9 Figure 4-8 Structure and installation of the antenna support base....................................................................4-10 Figure 4-9 Installing the fixing clip of the antenna support on the wall...........................................................4-11 Figure 4-10 Fixing the antenna support onto the wall (the height of the wall is more than 1200 mm) ............4-12
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Figures
Figure 4-11 Fixing the antenna support on the wall (the height of the wall is less than 1200 mm) .................4-13 Figure 4-12 Omnidirectional antenna on a tower platform ..............................................................................4-14 Figure 4-13 Fixing the omnidirectional antenna on a tower platform ..............................................................4-15 Figure 4-14 Installing the directional antenna on a tower platform..................................................................4-17 Figure 4-15 Relationship between the azimuth angle of the directional antenna and the sector ......................4-19 Figure 4-16 Diagram 1 (the directional antenna with the mounting hole corresponding to the pitch angle) ...4-20 Figure 4-17 Diagram 2 (the directional antenna with the mounting hole corresponding to the pitch angle) ...4-20 Figure 4-18 Angle display ................................................................................................................................4-21 Figure 4-19 Angle display before adjusting the pitch angle of the antenna......................................................4-21 Figure 4-20 Angle display after adjusting the pitch angle of the antenna.........................................................4-22 Figure 4-21 Installing the omnidirectional antenna on supports on a rooftop ..................................................4-23 Figure 4-22 Installing the directional antenna on a rooftop (without walls and with TMA) ............................4-25 Figure 4-23 Installing the directional antenna on a rooftop (with a wall that is at least 1200 mm high and with a TMA) ................................................................................................................................................................4-26 Figure 4-24 Waterproof curve at the joint between the 1/2-inch jumper and the feeder ..................................4-28 Figure 4-25 Installing the TMA on the tower ...................................................................................................4-30 Figure 4-26 Steel fastening bracket ..................................................................................................................4-30 Figure 4-27 Installing the TMA on the pole .....................................................................................................4-31 Figure 4-28 Installing the TMA on the wall .....................................................................................................4-32 Figure 4-29 Jumper between the antenna and the TMA...................................................................................4-33 Figure 4-30 Jumper between the TMA and the feeder .....................................................................................4-33 Figure 4-31 The jumper between the antenna and the TMA ............................................................................4-34 Figure 4-32 Protection of the feeder connector (unit: mm) ..............................................................................4-36 Figure 4-33 Fixing the upper end of the feeder on the tower ...........................................................................4-37 Figure 4-34 1-for-1 feeder fixing clip...............................................................................................................4-37 Figure 4-35 1-for-3 feeder fixing clip...............................................................................................................4-38 Figure 4-36 Connecting the jumper and the feeder ..........................................................................................4-38 Figure 4-37 Jumper between the antenna and the feeder..................................................................................4-39 Figure 4-38 Jumper between the TMA and the feeder .....................................................................................4-40 Figure 4-39 Fixing the feeders on the tower (using the 1-for-3 fixing clip) .....................................................4-41 Figure 4-40 Fixing the feeders on the tower (using the 1-for-2 fixing clip) .....................................................4-41 Figure 4-41 Laying the feeder from the tower top to the window....................................................................4-42 Figure 4-42 Feeders in the fixing clips.............................................................................................................4-43 Figure 4-43 Lightning protection grounding of the feeder (for the antenna installed on the tower) ................4-45
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Figures
Figure 4-44 Lightning protection grounding of the feeder down the cabling ladder........................................4-46 Figure 4-45 Installing the feeder grounding clips.............................................................................................4-47 Figure 4-46 Right direction of the grounding cable of the feeder grounding clip ............................................4-48 Figure 4-47 Connecting the grounding cable of the feeder grounding clip to the steel plate of the tower .......4-49 Figure 4-48 Bias-Tee ........................................................................................................................................4-51 Figure 4-49 RCU ..............................................................................................................................................4-52 Figure 4-50 Removing the protective cap ........................................................................................................4-53 Figure 4-51 Adjusting the downtilt angle .........................................................................................................4-53 Figure 4-52 Adjustment spindle .......................................................................................................................4-54 Figure 4-53 Removing the black adjustment wheel .........................................................................................4-54 Figure 4-54 Installing the RCU ........................................................................................................................4-55 Figure 4-55 Smart Bias-Tee..............................................................................................................................4-56 Figure 4-56 Installing the SBT .........................................................................................................................4-56 Figure 4-57 Installing the SBT jumper.............................................................................................................4-57 Figure 4-58 Signal cable between the RCU and the SBT.................................................................................4-57 Figure 4-59 Installing the AISG control cables ................................................................................................4-58 Figure 4-60 PVC tape and waterproof insulation tape .....................................................................................4-59 Figure 4-61 Wrapping up the feeder with waterproof insulation tape ..............................................................4-59
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Tables
Tables
Table 2-1 Guide for the installation of the BTS3012AE antenna system ...........................................................2-3 Table 3-1 Technical documents for reference .....................................................................................................3-2 Table 3-2 Requirements for the supervisor and the installer...............................................................................3-3 Table 3-3 Preparations for different roles ...........................................................................................................3-3 Table 3-4 Special tools and instruments for antenna system installation............................................................3-4 Table 3-5 Requirements for hoisting the antenna and other articles .................................................................3-12 Table 4-1 Adjusting the pitch angle of the antenna...........................................................................................4-19 Table 4-2 Introduction of the TMA ports..........................................................................................................4-29 Table 4-3 Layout of feeders ..............................................................................................................................4-48 Table 5-1 Check items for the antenna system ...................................................................................................5-2 Table 5-2 Check items for the grounding bar of the BTS3012AE antenna system ............................................5-3 Table 5-3 Check items for the antennas of the BTS3012AE antenna system.....................................................5-3 Table 5-4 Check items for the jumpers and the TMA of the BTS3012AE antenna system................................5-5
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1 Hardware Structure of the Antenna System
1
Title
Hardware Structure of the Antenna System
About This Chapter

The following table lists the contents of this chapter. Description Introduces the component of the BTS3012AE antenna system. Describes three typical hardware structures of the BTS3012AE antenna system.
1.1 Components 1.2 Typical Hardware Structure
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1.1 Components
The antenna system of the BTS3012AE consists of the following elements: Antenna, feeder, jumper Feeder grounding clip Tower Mounted Amplifier (TMA), optional Lightning arrester, optional Drive and control components of the Remote Electrical Tilt Unit (RET), optional
1.2 Typical Hardware Structure

Figure 1-1, Figure 1-2, and Figure 1-3 show three typical structures of the BTS3012AE antenna system.
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Figure 1-1 Typical structure of the antenna system (installed on the rooftop with a single-polarization antenna and without the TMA)
1
10
5 6
(1) Directional antenna (4) Feeder fixing clip (7) Cable connecting to the lightning protection ground (10) Antenna support
(2) Antenna jumper (5) Grounding clip Grounding cables of the feeder grounding clip (8) Cable connecting to the 1/2-inch jumper
(3) Cabling rack (6) Grounding bar (9) Feeder
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Figure 1-2 Typical structure of the antenna system (installed on the rooftop with dual-polarization antenna and the TMA)
1 2
9 3
(1) Directional antenna (4) Cabling rack (7) Cable connecting to the 1/2-inch jumper
(2) TMA (5) Feeder fixing clip (8) Feeder
(3) Antenna jumper (6) Grounding bar (9) Antenna support
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Figure 1-3 Typical structure of the antenna system (installed on the tower with single-polarization antenna and the TMA)
1 2 3 12 4 11
9
10
(1) Lightning rod (3) TMA (5) Waterproof curve of the jumper (7) Feeder (9) Cable connecting to the lightning protection ground (11) Cable tie
(2) Antenna support (4) Directional antenna (6) Lightning protection grounding clip of the feeder (8) Cabling rack (10) Tower grounding conductor (12) Guard rail of the tower platform
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2 Installation Process of the Antenna System
2
Title
Installation Process of the Antenna System
About This Chapter

The following table lists the contents of this chapter. Description Describes the installation flow of the BTS3012AE antenna system. Describes the installation of the BTS3012AE antenna system.
2.1 Installation Flow Chart 2.2 Installation Guide
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2.1 Installation Flow Chart

Figure 2-1 shows the installation process of the BTS3012AE antenna system. Figure 2-1 Installation process of the BTS3012AE antenna system
Start
Install the grounding bar
Install the antenna support
Install the antenna
TMA needs to be installed? Yes Install the TMA
No
Install and ground feeders and jumpers
Test the BTS3012AE antenna system
Pass the test ? Yes Warterproof the connectors
No
Find and solve the problem
End
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The method and process of installation vary according to the installation environment and the antenna. The project supervisor should plan the installation according to the engineering documents, number of personnel, installation environment, and type of the antenna.
2.2 Installation Guide

Table 2-1 shows the guide for the installation of the BTS3012AE antenna system. Table 2-1 Guide for the installation of the BTS3012AE antenna system Step Install the grounding bar Install the antenna support Refer to section. . . 4.1 Installing the Grounding Bar 4.2 Installing the Antenna Support on a Tower Platform 4.3 Installing the Antenna Support on a Rooftop Install the antenna 4.4 Installing the Omnidirectional Antenna on a Tower Platform 4.5 Installing the Directional Antenna on a Tower Platform 4.6 Installing the Omnidirectional Antenna on a Rooftop 4.7 Installing the Directional Antenna on Rooftop Make the waterproof curve Install the TMA 4.8 Making a Waterproof Curve 4.9 Installing the TMA Mandatory Optional If the TMA is configured, the TMA and the jumpers between the antenna and the TMA need be installed. Install and ground feeders and jumpers 4.10 Installing Feeders and Antenna Jumpers Mandatory Fix and ground the feeders with grounding clips during arrangement of the feeders and jumpers. Mandatory Remark Optional if there is a grounding bar that meets the requirements. Optional if there are antenna supports that meet the requirements
Mandatory Refer to the corresponding sections according to the antenna type and installation location.
Install the jumpers
4.11 Installing Jumpers
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Step Install the RET signal cables Test the BTS3012AE antenna system Waterproof the connectors
Refer to section. . . 4.12 Installing the RET Antenna Components and Signal Cables 4.13 Testing the Antenna System 4.14 Waterproofing the Connectors
Remark Optional
Mandatory
Mandatory
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3 Installation Preparations
3
About This Chapter
Title 3.1 Preparing Technical Documents 3.2 Checking the Installation Environment 3.3 Requirements for the Installation Personnel 3.4 Preparations by the Installation Personnel 3.5 Preparing Tools and Instruments 3.6 Testing the Antenna 3.7 Testing the TMA 3.8 Preparing the Feeder Connector 3.9 Assembling the Omnidirectional Antenna 3.10 Assembling the Directional Antenna 3.11 Hoisting the Antennas and Other Articles
Installation Preparations
The following table lists the contents of this chapter. Description Lists the technical documents for reference during installation. Describes the checklist of installation environment. Describes the requirements for the installation personnel. Describes the installation preparations. Describes the tools and instruments for installation. Describes how to test the antenna. Describes how to test the TMA. Describes how to make the feeder connectors. Describes how to assemble the omnidirectional antenna. Describes how to assemble the directional antenna. Describes how to hoist the antenna and other articles.
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3.1 Preparing Technical Documents

Table 3-1 lists the technical documents for reference during installation. Table 3-1 Technical documents for reference To Prepare the engineering design Refer to the GSM Digital Cellular Mobile Base Station Network Planning GSM Digital Cellular Mobile Base Station Project Design Engineering Design and Construction Drawings Plan the engineering installation BTS3012AE Base Station Antenna System Installation BTS3012AE Base Station Cabinet Installation
In addition to the two documents mentioned here, some others are available on site. The documents mentioned here are only for your reference.
3.2 Checking the Installation Environment

During preparation, The project supervisor provides the Installation Environment Checklist. The customer representative and survey engineer carry out the first check. The customer representative and project supervisor carry out the second check. If the installation environment does not meet the requirements, improve it until it is satisfactory.
3.3 Requirements for the Installation Personnel

The project supervisor is in charge of the antenna system installation. The installers carry out the installation. Table 3-2 lists the requirements for the two roles.
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Table 3-2 Requirements for the supervisor and the installer Role Project supervisor Requirements Should be safety-conscious. Should be familiar with the materials, tools, and methods related to the installation. Should be familiar with the installation process and the methods of installing each part. Tower installer Should possess the relevant training certificates. Should be free of alcohol, in good health, and under the coverage of personal safety insurance. Should use the safeties correctly. Should wear proper outfits and anti-slippery shoes during work.
3.4 Preparations by the Installation Personnel

Table 3-3 lists the preparations for each role. Table 3-3 Preparations for different roles Role Project Supervisor Preparations Contacting customers on site to prepare the required instruments and tools Getting the keys to the rooms or roof corridor through which the feeders will run All persons on site Persons under the tower Wearing safety helmets Obtaining a first-aid kit Keeping unrelated persons, especially children, away from the installation site Taking care of installation parts and instruments to prevent loss or damage Persons on the tower Fastening safety belts. Carrying the tool kit and some simple bandages such as handy plasts
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When more than one person needs to climb the tower, the person carrying the tool kit should climb up last and climb down first in case that a falling tool injures others. Keep the tool kit closed during installation and open it only when necessary.
3.5 Preparing Tools and Instruments

Table 3-4 lists the special tools and instruments for installation. The tool list for equipment installation includes other common tools such as percussion drill and screwdrivers. Table 3-4 Special tools and instruments for antenna system installation Measuring Tools Suspension-Mounting Tools Tools for Feeders Angle display, compass Assembly pulley, two ropes (one thin and one thick, both 150 m long), feeder noose Feeder nipper, cable cutter (applicable to the feeder), tools for making feeders (1/2", 1/4"), blast lamp (to warm and soften the waterproof and sealing materials in cold environment), antirust aluminum print Safety belts (for personnel operating out of the tower platform), safety helmet Safety ropes, thick union suits, RF protective clothing Tools from the Local Customer Double ladder, lifting tools for the main feeder wheel spindle
Protective Tools
Others Test Tools
Canvas bag for tools, gloves, walkie-talkie, multi-purpose outlets, wrench, screwdriver, skinning knife, and pliers Test mobile phone (optional), radio analyzer (such as CELLMASTER and power meter), antenna and feeder standing wave tester (such as SITEMASTER )
3.6 Testing the Antenna

Add a post and cabling rack if there are none on site.
To ensure proper installation of the antenna system, test the antenna as follows before the installation:
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Step 1 Unpack a new antenna. Step 2 Examine the antenna connectors for any visible damage or crack. If there are any: do not use it and contact the personnel concerned immediately. Go to step 1. If there are none: go to the next step. Step 3 Connect the antenna with a jumper. Step 4 Use a radio analyzer to test the Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) of the antenna in different orientations. If the VSWR is higher than 1.5 in all orientations, there may be problems with the antenna or its connectors. Go to step 5. If the VSWR is higher than 1.5 in some orientations, the antenna may not have problems. The problem may lie in the external interference. Install the antenna and test its VSWR. If the VSWR is still higher than 1.5, replace the antenna. If the VSWR is lower than 1.5, infer that the antenna is normal, and ready for installation. Step 5 Examine the connectors. If there are problems, replace the antenna and go to step 3. If the connectors are fine, the antenna test is complete. ----End
3.7 Testing the TMA

Examine the TMA for any obvious damage before testing the VSWR of its two ports.
If the untested port is connected to a 50-ohm matched terminal load, the test is called the power-off test. If the test result is different from the corresponding specification, infer that the TMA is abnormal. Replace it. Some TMAs must be powered on when the VSWR test is performed; otherwise, the test result is not exact or the test cannot be performed.
If possible, power on the TMA and test its current. If the tested current is 50 175 MA, infer that the VSWR is normal.
3.8 Preparing the Feeder Connector

Feeder connectors need to be prepared on site. Connectors on the tower need to be made on the ground and wrapped with sponge before installation, as shown in Figure 3-1. The feeder has 7/16 DIN connectors at both ends. The connectors are made on site. Follow the instructions and save the instructions for future use.
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Figure 3-1 Simple protection treatment for a feeder connector
For feeder connectors that are not completed or not connected to jumpers, wrap them with waterproof tapes, as shown in Figure 3-2. You can also cover the connectors with plastic bags before wrapping them with waterproof tapes.
Figure 3-2 Simple waterproof treatment for the connecting point of the feeder
3.9 Assembling the Omnidirectional Antenna

This section describes how to assemble the omnidirectional antenna.
3.9.1 Omnidirectional Antenna Accessories

Figure 3-3 shows the outline of the omnidirectional antenna.
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Figure 3-3 Outline of the omnidirectional antenna
The accessories of an omnidirectional antenna are: Antenna fixing clips (shown in Figure 3-4 and Figure 3-5) 1/2-inch jumper Figure 3-4 Fixing clip for the omnidirectional antenna (1)
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Figure 3-5 Fixing clip for the omnidirectional antenna (2)

2 1
(1) Fixing piece
(2) U bolt M12x580
(3) Nut M12
There are various types of fixing clips for the omnidirectional antenna. Figure 3-4 and Figure 3-5 show two types. The antenna installation method varies with the types of fixing clips. The following takes the installation of the fixing clip shown in Figure 3-4 for example.
3.9.2 Assembling Procedure

To simplify the operations on the tower, assemble the directional antenna on the ground. For the assembling method, see the instructions in the antenna packing box. After assembling, keep the instructions for later reference. Perform the following steps to assemble the omnidirectional antenna: Step 1 Add the two fixing clips to the omnidirectional antenna. Step 2 Tighten their connections at the contacting points, as shown in Figure 3-6.
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Figure 3-6 Fixing the omnidirectional antenna
(1) Omnidirectional antenna
(2) Antenna jacket
(3) Fixing clip
Step 3 Connect the connector of the 1/2-inch antenna jumper to the antenna connector and tighten the connectors. Step 4 Waterproof the connectors that join the antenna and the feeder. See section 4.14 "Waterproofing the Connectors" for reference.
Step 3 and step 4 can be performed on the tower. When waterproofing the connectors, wrap electric insulation tapes before wrapping semiconducting self-adhesive tapes to facilitate the removal of the tapes later.
----End
3.10 Assembling the Directional Antenna

This section describes how to assemble the directional antenna.
3.10.1 Directional Antenna Accessories

Figure 3-7 shows the outline of the directional antenna.
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Figure 3-7 Outline of the directional antenna
The accessories of directional antenna are: Antenna fixing clip (shown in Figure 3-8) Pitch angle adjuster (shown in Figure 3-9) 1/2-inch jumper Figure 3-8 Fixing clip for the directional antenna
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Figure 3-9 Pitch angle adjuster
3.10.2 Assembling Procedure

To simplify the operations on the tower, assemble the directional antenna on the ground. For the assembling method, see the instructions in the antenna packing box. After assembling, keep the instructions for later reference. The procedure for assembling the directional antenna is as follows: Step 1 Locate the fixed and adjusting points on the antenna with an angle play and an azimuth instrument according to the labels at the back of the antenna.
The top is for the pitch angle adjuster and the bottom for fixing the antenna on the support.
Step 2 Install the accessories in the proper positions according to the accessory assembly drawings provided by the supplier. Step 3 Connect the connector of the 1/2-inch antenna jumper to the antenna connector and tighten the connectors. Step 4 Waterproof and seal the connecting point. See section 4.14 "Waterproofing the Connectors." Figure 3-10 shows the waterproofed connection of the jumpers and the directional antenna.
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Figure 3-10 Waterproofed connection of the jumpers and the directional antenna
----End
3.11 Hoisting the Antennas and Other Articles

Pay attention to the items listed in Table 3-5 when hoisting the antenna and other articles. Table 3-5 Requirements for hoisting the antenna and other articles Item Hoisting the antenna Personal safety Remark Adjust the ascending direction of the rope while hoisting to prevent the antenna from colliding with the tower and getting damaged. When hoisting the antenna or other articles, ensure that nobody is standing right below the hoisted object. The personnel working outside the tower platform must wear safety belts and harnesses. Pack the small metal articles such as fixing pieces and spanners in a tool bag and then hoist the bag. Secure the hoisted articles on the tower platform to prevent them from falling off.
Packing articles Placing articles
The procedure for hoisting antennas and other articles is as follows: Step 1 Mount a fixed pulley on the tower top or on the rooftop, as the case may be. Step 2 Run a rope through the pulley, and knot the rope at each end of the antenna. Step 3 The personnel on the tower and those on the ground together hoist the antenna to the installation location on the tower platform. Figure 3-11 shows the hoisting of the antenna.
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Figure 3-11 Hoisting the directional antenna
----End
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4 Installing the Antenna System
4
About This Chapter
Title
Installing the Antenna System
The following table lists the contents of this chapter. Description Describes how to install the grounding bar. Describes how to install the antenna support on a tower platform. Describes how to install the antenna support on a rooftop. Describes how to install the omnidirectional antenna on a tower platform. Describes how to install the directional antenna on a tower platform. Describes how to install the omnidirectional antenna on a rooftop. Describes how to install the directional antenna on a rooftop. Describes how to make a waterproof curve. Describes how to install the TMA. Describes how to install the feeders and jumpers. Describes how to install the 1/2-inch jumper and the 1/4-inch jumper.
4.1 Installing the Grounding Bar 4.2 Installing the Antenna Support on a Tower Platform 4.3 Installing the Antenna Support on a Rooftop 4.4 Installing the Omnidirectional Antenna on a Tower Platform 4.5 Installing the Directional Antenna on a Tower Platform 4.6 Installing the Omnidirectional Antenna on a Rooftop 4.7 Installing the Directional Antenna on Rooftop 4.8 Making a Waterproof Curve 4.9 Installing the TMA 4.10 Installing Feeders and Antenna Jumpers 4.11 Installing Jumpers
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Title 4.12 Installing the RET Antenna Components and Signal Cables 4.13 Testing the Antenna System 4.14 Waterproofing the Connectors
Description Describes how to install the RET antenna components and signal cables. Describes how to test the antenna system. Describes how to waterproof the connectors.
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4.1 Installing the Grounding Bar

If the grounding bars are available, skip this section.
4.1.1 Structure of the Grounding Bar

The grounding bar is mainly used to connect the protection and work grounding cables of the cabinet. Figure 4-1 shows its structure. Figure 4-1 Structure of the grounding bar
1
0m 33
(1) Bolt M8
4.1.2 Installation Requirements

Ensure that you fulfill the following requirements when installing the grounding bar: The grounding bar must be installed on the lightning protection grounding bar. The grounding bar must be installed horizontally. An insulating washer must be applied to the expansion bolt to ensure proper insulation of the grounding bar from the wall. The grounding resistance must be less than 10 ohms.
4.1.3 Installation Procedure

Install the grounding bar as follows: Step 1 Locate the installation place according to the engineering plan. Step 2 Install the grounding bar. The grounding bar can be installed on the wall horizontally using expansion bolts, as shown in Figure 4-2 and Figure 4-3.
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Figure 4-2 Installation of the grounding bar

7 5 3 1
(1) Nut M12 (2) Spring washer 12 (4) Insulation washer 1 (5) Grounding bar (7) Expansion tube and expansion bolt
(3) Flat washer (6) Insulation washer 2
Figure 4-3 Cutaway section of the grounding bar

1 2 3 4 5 6
(1) Nut M12 (2) Spring washer 12 (4) Insulating washer 1 (5) Grounding bar (7) Expansion tube and expansion nut
(3) Big flat washer (6) Insulating washer 2
The grounding bar can be installed on the lightning protection grounding bar. ----End
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4.2 Installing the Antenna Support on a Tower Platform

If an appropriate antenna support is available on site, skip this section.
The equipment provider provides the design of the antenna support. The network operator installs the antenna support. The requirements for and methods of antenna support installation vary with the antenna types and installation environments. This section describes only one type of support on the tower platform. For other cases, see the instructions delivered with the antenna support.
4.2.1 Structure of the Antenna Support on a Tower Platform

Several types of antenna supports can be installed on a tower platform. This section takes the antenna support shown in Figure 4-4 as an example. Figure 4-4 Structure of the antenna support on a tower platform (unit: mm)
1 2 3
8 9
6 7
(1) Bolt M12x220 (4) Fixing link (7) Stiffener
(2) Connecting plate (5) Dwang (8) Expansion link
(3) Bolt M12x45 (6) Stiffener (9) U bolt
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Fulfill the following requirements when installing the antenna support on a tower platform: The installation plane of the antenna support should be perpendicular to the level plane. The mast for the tower lightning rod should be installed separately. The lightning rod should be high enough to bring all antennas under its protection, as shown in Figure 4-5. Figure 4-5 Installation of the lightning rod
1
3 0
30 2
(1) Lightning rod
(2) Antenna
(3) Mast for the lightning rod
The antenna support should be installed in the right direction to guarantee the Rx and Tx performance and direction adjustment of the directional antenna. Hang the antenna support to avoid deformation. The dwang should be reinforced using a stiffener. The expansion link and dwang should be trimmed to meet actual needs. The cross section should be sealed by welding it with a plate for waterproof purpose. The dry and open welds should be eliminated. Select the support made of galvanized steel should be selected. The support with the antirust aluminum paint should be coated.

Hoisting the Antenna Support onto a Tower
Perform the following steps: Step 1 Mount a fixed pulley on the tower top. Step 2 Use one or two ropes to hoist the support to the tower platform through the fixed pulley. ----End When the support is going up, use another rope to maintain the direction of the rising support.
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Positioning the Antenna Support

Determine the installation position of the antenna support on the tower platform according to the installation drawing in the engineering design.
Fixing the Antenna Support

Perform the following steps: Step 1 Hang the support from the tower platform. Step 2 Fix the support to the tower using a U fixing clip (including the connecting piece and the U bolt) so that it extends from the tower, as shown in Figure 4-6. Figure 4-6 Installing the antenna support on a tower platform
2 4 3
(1) Expansion link
(2) Connecting post
(3) Crossbeam of the tower
(4) U bolt
Step 3 Connect the guardrails on the tower platform with the connecting plate using bolts M12x45.
If it is difficult to connect the connecting plate to the guardrail, weld the two parts securely. Ensure that there is no dry or open weld.
Step 4 Coat all the welds and the support with antirust paint. ----End
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4.3 Installing the Antenna Support on a Rooftop

If an appropriate antenna support is available on site, skip this section.
The equipment provider provides the design of the antenna support. The network operator installs the antenna support. The requirements for and the installation methods of the support vary with antenna types and installation environment. This section describes how to install one type of support. For the other types of support, see the instructions delivered with the antenna support.
4.3.1 Structure of the Antenna Support on a Rooftop

Several types of antenna supports can be installed on a rooftop. Take the one shown in Figure 4-7 as an example.
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Figure 4-7 Structure of the antenna support on a rooftop

1 2
7 8
(1) Antenna lightning rod (4) Bolt M10x50 (7) Mat of the support post
(2) Weld (5) Stiffener (8) Expansion bolt M12x60
(3) Main supporting post 2 (6) Main supporting post 1

Fulfill the following requirements when installing the antenna support on a rooftop: The connecting pieces for the stiffener should be installed only in the places where they do not impede adjustment of the antenna orientation and pitch angle. The antenna support should be perpendicular to the level plane. For the installation of the directional antenna on the rooftop, the antenna support should have a lightning rod and the rod should be connected to the lightning net of the building. For the installation of the omnidirectional antenna on the rooftop, the lightning rod should be installed on a separate support instead of the antenna support. If the lightning rod is installed on the support of the omnidirectional antennas, the antennas should be hung 1 m1.5 m from the support.
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The antenna support and all welded parts should be coated with antirust paint. All the welds should be connected securely. Dry and open welds should be removed. The height of the antenna should meet all the requirements for lightning protection.
4.3.3 Installing the Antenna Support on a Rooftop Without Walls

Perform the following steps: Step 1 Hoist the antenna support onto the rooftop. Figure 4-8 Structure and installation of the antenna support base
(1) Hex bolt M10x50 (2) Connecting piece of the stiffener (3) Main supporting post of the antenna
Step 2 Determine the installation location of the antenna support on the rooftop according to the antenna and feeder installation drawing in the engineering design drawings. Step 3 Weld the lightning rod to the main supporting post of the antenna (with their centerlines on the same straight line). Step 4 Connect the stiffener to the main supporting post with the connecting piece. Fix the stiffener with two M12x60 expansion bolts, as shown in Figure 4-7. Step 5 Connect the main supporting posts 1 and 2 of the support securely using six bolts M10x50.
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Step 6 Connect the support base to the lightning protection net with the lightning protection connection strap (the mounting piece of the cabling rack) in the following situations: The antenna support is not welded with the cabling rack on the rooftop. The antenna support is welded with the cabling rack but not connected to the lightning protection net. Step 7 Coat the antenna support base and all the welded parts with antirust paint. Step 8 Cover the base of the antenna support on the rooftop, the anchor of the stiffener, and their expansion bolts using the concrete. ----End
4.3.4 Installing the Antenna Support on a Rooftop with Wall

If the rooftop is enclosed with walls, install the antenna support on a wall. Figure 4-9 shows how to mount the fixing clip of the antenna support on the wall. Figure 4-9 Installing the fixing clip of the antenna support on the wall
1
4 56
(1) Expansion bolt M12x80 (4) Nut (7) Bolt M12x140 (2) V connecting piece (5) Spring washer (8) Fixing plate (3) 180 connecting piece (6) Flat washer
When the wall is more than 1200 mm high, use expansion bolts and fixing clips to fix the support on the wall, as shown in Figure 4-10.
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Figure 4-10 Fixing the antenna support onto the wall (the height of the wall is more than 1200 mm)
When the height of the wall is less than 1200 mm, fix one fixing point of the main supporting post on the wall using expansion bolts and fix the other fixing point on the surface of the rooftop, as shown in Figure 4-11.
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Figure 4-11 Fixing the antenna support on the wall (the height of the wall is less than 1200 mm)
4.4 Installing the Omnidirectional Antenna on a Tower Platform

Check if the antenna is waterproof and if there is any crack or damage. If the RET antenna and TMA are installed already, check whether the feed is operational after the antenna is installed.
4.4.1 Structure of the Omnidirectional Antenna on a Tower Platform

Figure 4-12 shows the omnidirectional antenna on a tower platform.
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Figure 4-12 Omnidirectional antenna on a tower platform
5 3
4 2 6
(1) Tower (4) Waterproof curve of the jumper (7) TMA
(2) Antenna support at the tower top (5) Stiffener
(3) Omnidirectional antenna (6) Cable tie

Fulfill the following requirements when installing the omnidirectional antennas on a tower platform: The antenna should be within the coverage of lightning protection and should be at least 2 m away from the body of the tower. The antenna axis should be perpendicular to the level plane with a permissible error of 1o. The antenna isolation should be higher than 30 dB. The space between the antennas should be adjusted according to the antenna gain during the installation. See Appendix A "Requirements for Antenna Spacing." Waterproof curves should be made for the 1/2-inch jumper.
4.4.3 Hoisting the Antennas and Other Articles

Carry or hoist antennas and other articles to the tower platform. Prevent the articles from colliding with other objects. For details on how to hoist the antennas, see section 3.11 "Hoisting the Antennas and Other Articles."
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Install the omnidirectional antenna on a tower platform as follows:
Positioning the Antenna

Determine the installation location of the antenna according to the engineering design drawings.
Fixing the Antenna to the Support

Perform the following steps: Step 1 Place the feeding point of the antenna facedown and the sheathing near the main supporting post of the support. Step 2 Fix the antenna to the fixing bar of the support, as shown in the left part of Figure 4-13.
The sheathing top should be at the same height as or slightly higher than the support top. The transmission part of the antenna must be higher than the top of the fixing bar. The antenna must be installed neither too tightly nor too loosely to prevent the sheathing from getting damaged easily and the antenna from falling off easily.
Figure 4-13 Fixing the omnidirectional antenna on a tower platform

2 1 3
7 6
(1) Omnidirectional antenna (2) Antenna fixing clip (4) Connecting piece (5) Crossbeam of the tower (7) Waterproof curve of the jumper
(3) Fixing bar (6) U bolt
Step 3 Use an angular tester to check whether the antenna axis is perpendicular.
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If the error is equal to or greater than 1o, adjust the antenna and go to step 2. If the error is smaller than 1, go to the next step. Step 4 Fasten the antenna. ----End
Laying the 1/2-Inch Antenna Jumper

Perform the following steps: Step 1 Make a waterproof curve for the 1/2-inch antenna jumper. For details, see section 4.8 "Making a Waterproof Curve." Step 2 Lay the jumper along the crossbar of the support and bind the jumper and crossbar together using black cable ties. Cut off the extra tail of the cable ties.
Bend the jumpers in a natural manner. The bending radius should be 20 times longer than the jumper diameter. Bind the cable ties in the same direction. When cutting the cable ties, leave a slack of 5 mm to 10 mm in case that the cable ties fall off the jumper because of temperature change. The shear plane must be smooth so that it does not hurt operators.
----End
Fixing the Dwang of the Support

Step 1 Hang the dwang of the support installed with the antenna such that it extends from the tower platform. Step 2 Use bolts to fix the connecting panel. The installation of the omnidirectional antenna on the tower platform is complete.
If there is no guardrail on the tower platform, set up a stout wood access board across the arms of the two supports to form a working platform for the safety of the installation personnel. After installing the antenna, TMA, and feeders on one side, change the location of the wood board on the support arms to fix other antennas, TMA, and feeders.
----End
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4.5 Installing the Directional Antenna on a Tower Platform

Check whether the antenna is waterproof and whether there is any crack or damage. If the RET antenna and TMA are installed, check whether the feed is operational after the antenna is installed.
4.5.1 Structure of the Directional Antenna on a Tower Platform

Figure 4-14 shows the installation of the directional antennas on a tower platform. Figure 4-14 Installing the directional antenna on a tower platform
2 5 3 6
(1) Tower (4) Waterproof curve for the jumper (7) TMA
(2) Antenna support on the top of the tower (5) Stiffener
(3) Directional antenna (6) Cable tie

Fulfill the following requirements when installing directional antennas on a tower platform: All the antennas should stand within the protection coverage of the lightning rod. No interference from the tower structure should exist in the forward direction of the antenna. The antenna must be more than 1 m away from the tower platform.
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The isolation degree should be 30 dB and the semi-power angle should be 65. For details about the antenna interval, see Appendix A "Requirements for Antenna Spacing." Waterproof curves should be made for the 1/2-inch jumper. The jumpers should be bent in a natural manner, and the minimum bending radius of the jumper should be 20 times or even longer than the jumper diameter. The cable ties should be bound in the same direction. A slack of 5 mm to 10 mm should be left to prevent the cable ties from falling off the jumper because of temperature change. The shear plane must be smooth so that it does not hurt operators. The main port and the diversity port of two 2-way directional antennas of the same type should be consistent. For example, the 45 port is the main port, and the 45 port is the diversity port.
4.5.3 Hoisting Antennas and Other Articles

Carry or hoist the antennas and other articles to the tower platform. Keep the articles from colliding with other objects. For details on how to hoist antennas and the key points to remember, see section 3.11 "Hoisting the Antennas and Other Articles."

Protect the installed jumpers from damage when installing and adjusting the antenna. When using the compass, keep it away from the tower and other iron and steel objects. Be careful of any geomagnetic abnormality that can interfere in the accurate operation of the compass.
Install the directional antenna on a tower platform as follows.

Determine the installation direction of the antenna according to the project installation drawings.

Perform the following steps: Step 1 Fix the antenna to the main supporting post.
The antenna should be installed properly to prevent the sheathing from getting damaged easily and the antenna from falling off easily.
Step 2 Adjust the azimuth angle of the antenna. Determine the azimuth angle using a compass according to the engineering design. Normally, sector 1 is in the north. Sector 2 lies in the clockwise 120 direction. Sector 3 lies in the next clockwise 120 direction. See Figure 4-15.
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Figure 4-15 Relationship between the azimuth angle of the directional antenna and the sector
Sector 1
120
120 120 Sector 3 Sector 2
Adjust the azimuth angle until it fulfills the design specifications. The error of the azimuth angel should not be greater than 5. Step 3 Fasten the lower fixing clip of the antenna until it cannot be moved. ----End
Adjusting the Pitch Angle of the Antenna

Table 4-1 describes the adjusting methods of the pitch angle of the antenna. You can adjust the pitch angle of the antenna according to the actual situation. Table 4-1 Adjusting the pitch angle of the antenna Type of Directional Antenna The mounting hole maps with the pitch hole. Adjusting Methods of the Pitch Angle Use an angle play to ensure that the post is vertical. The post should not tilt beyond 0.5 degree. Install the antenna according to the mounting hole as shown in Figure 4-16 and Figure 4-17. Ensure that the post is upright. The mounting hole does not map with the pitch hole. Determine the pitch angle with an angle play as shown in Figure 4-18 and Figure 4-19. Move the antenna to adjust the pitch angle until the engineering requirements are met, as shown in Figure 4-20. Generally, the error of the pitch angle should not be more than 0.5o. Tighten the fixing clip on the upper part of the antenna until it is secure.
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Figure 4-16 Diagram 1 (the directional antenna with the mounting hole corresponding to the pitch angle)
Figure 4-17 Diagram 2 (the directional antenna with the mounting hole corresponding to the pitch angle)
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When the mounting hole of the directional antenna corresponds to the pitch angle, the mounting hole number is decided by the pitch angle. When the mounting hole of the directional antenna does not correspond to the pitch angle, the mounting hole is decided by the mounting hole number.
Figure 4-18 Angle display
Figure 4-19 Angle display before adjusting the pitch angle of the antenna
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Figure 4-20 Angle display after adjusting the pitch angle of the antenna

Perform the following steps: Step 1 Make a waterproof curve for the 1/2-inch antenna jumper at the end that is close to the antenna. For making the waterproof curve, see section 4.8 "Making a Waterproof Curve." Step 2 Lay the jumpers along the crossbar of the support and bind the crossbar and the jumpers using black cable ties. Step 3 Cut the extra tails off the cable ties. ----End
Fixing the Dwang of the Support

Perform the following steps: Step 1 Hang the dwang of the support installed with the antenna such that it extends from the tower platform. Step 2 Use bolts to fix the connecting panel. ----End
4.6 Installing the Omnidirectional Antenna on a Rooftop

Check whether the antenna is waterproof and whether there is any crack or damage. If the RET antenna and TMA are installed already, check whether the feed is operational after the antenna is installed.
4.6.1 Structure of the Omnidirectional Antenna on a Rooftop

Figure 4-21 shows the installation of the omnidirectional antennas on supports on a rooftop.
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Figure 4-21 Installing the omnidirectional antenna on supports on a rooftop
2 3 4 6 7 5
(1) Antenna lightning rod (4) Main supporting post
(2) Antenna (5) Road
(3) Fixing clip for the omnidirectional antenna (6) Rooftop (7) Stiffener

The requirements regarding the isolation and the installation interval of the omnidirectional antennas are the same as those for installing the omnidirectional antennas on the tower platform. For details, see section 4.4.2 "Installation Requirements." Fulfill the following requirements during the installation: The antenna should be kept away from barriers such as high-rise buildings to avoid blind areas. If there is no lightning rod on the top of the antenna support, a lightning rod should be installed separately. The horizontal distance between the omnidirectional antenna and the lightning rod should be at least 2.5 m. In addition, the antenna should be within the lightning protection coverage, and the tilt angle of the lightning rod should be 30. If there is a lightning rod on the top of the antenna support, the antenna should be hung over the support such that it extends a distance of 1 m to 1.5 m from the support.

Carry or hoist the antennas and other articles to the rooftop. Keep the articles from colliding with other objects. For the details on how to hoist antennas and the key points to remember, see section 3.11 "Hoisting the Antennas and Other Articles."
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Bend the jumpers in a natural manner. The bending radius should be 20 times longer than the jumper diameter. Bind the cable ties in the same direction. When cutting the cable ties, leave a slack of 5 mm to 10 mm in case that the cable ties fall off the jumper because of temperature change. The shear plane must be smooth so that it does not hurt operators. The procedure for installing the omnidirectional antenna on the rooftop is as follows: Step 1 Determine the installation location of the antenna according to the engineering design drawings. Step 2 Place the feeding point of the antenna facedown and the sheathing near the main supporting post of the support, and then fix the antenna to the fixing bar of the support.
The top end of the sheathing should be at the same height as or slightly higher than the support top. The transmission part of the antenna should be higher than the top of the fixing bar. Fix the antenna with appropriate tightness so that it has sufficient weight-bearing capacity and wind resistance. Avoid loose connection and damage to the antenna sheathing.
Step 3 Use an angular tester to check whether the antenna axis is perpendicular to the horizontal plane. If the error is equal to or greater than !1o, adjust and re-fasten it. Step 4 Tighten the antenna until the antenna cannot be moved by a pull or push. Step 5 Make the waterproof curve of the jumper, lay the jumper along the crossbar of the support, and bind the jumper and the crossbar using black cable ties. Cut off the extra tail of the cable ties. For details on how to make a waterproof curve, see section 4.8 "Making a Waterproof Curve." ----End
4.7 Installing the Directional Antenna on Rooftop

Check whether the antenna is waterproof and whether there is any crack or damage. If the RET antenna and TMA are installed already, check whether the feed is operational after the antenna is installed.
4.7.1 Structure of the Directional Antenna on a Rooftop

Figure 4-22 and Figure 4-23 show the installation of directional antennas on a rooftop.
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Figure 4-22 Installing the directional antenna on a rooftop (without walls and with TMA)
3 4 5
(1) Antenna (4) Feeder
(2) TMA (5) Stiffener
(3) Cable tie
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Figure 4-23 Installing the directional antenna on a rooftop (with a wall that is at least 1200 mm high and with a TMA)
3 4 5
(1) Antenna
(2) Cable tie
(3) TMA
(4) Jumper
(5) Feeder

The requirements regarding the isolation degree and the installation interval of the directional antennas are the same as those for installing the directional antennas on the tower platform. For details, see section 4.5.2 "Installation Requirements." In addition, note the following points: Keep the antennas away from the barriers such as high-rise buildings so that no signal blind area is caused when installing the antennas. Install a lightning rod for the support. Bend the jumpers in a natural manner. The bending radius should be 20 times longer than the jumper diameter. Bind the cable ties in the same direction. For the cuttings, leave a slack of 5 mm to 10 mm to prevent the tape from falling off the jumper because of temperature changes. The shear plane must be smooth so that it does not hurt operators. The main port and the diversity port of two 2-way directional antennas of the same type should be consistent. For example, the 45 port is the main port, and the 45 port is the diversity port.
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Carry or hoist the antennas and other articles to the rooftop. Keep the articles from colliding with other objects. For details on how to hoist antennas and the key points to remember, see section 3.11 "Hoisting the Antennas and Other Articles."

Protect the installed jumpers from damage when installing and adjusting the antenna. When using the compass, keep it away from the tower and other iron and steel objects. Be careful of any geomagnetic abnormality that can interfere in the accurate operation of the compass.
Install the directional antenna on the rooftop as follows:

Determine the installation direction of the antenna according to the project installation drawings.

Perform the following steps: Step 1 Fix the antenna to the main supporting post with appropriate tightness so that it has sufficient weight-bearing capacity and wind resistance. Avoid loose connection or damage to the antenna sheathing. Step 2 Adjust the azimuth angle of the antenna.
Normally, sector 1 is in the north. Sector 2 lies in the clockwise 120 direction and sector 3 in the next clockwise 120 direction, as shown in Figure 4-15. Adjust the pitch angle until it satisfies the design specification. Usually, the error of the azimuth angel is not greater than 5.
Step 3 Tighten the lower fixing clip of the antenna until it cannot be moved by a pull or push. ----End
Adjusting the Pitch Angle of the Antenna

See Table 4-1 for the methods of adjusting the pitch angle of the antenna.

Perform the following steps: Step 1 Make a waterproof curve for the 1/2-inch antenna jumper at the end that is close to the antenna. For details on how to make a waterproof curve, see section 4.8 "Making a Waterproof Curve." Step 2 Lay the jumpers along the support and bind the jumpers and the support using a black cable tie. Step 3 Cut off the extra tail of the cable tie.
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----End
4.8 Making a Waterproof Curve

Make a waterproof curve at the joint between the 1/2-inch jumper and the feeder: This is to prevent water from running in, and thus generating the standing wave alarm and affecting the network quality.
4.8.1 Waterproof Curve at the Joint Between the 1/2-Inch Jumper and the Feeder
Make the waterproof curve as follows: When the 1/2-inch jumper connects to the feeder horizontally:

Bend the jumper (at 1/2 point of the jumper) with a radius of 20 cm to form a 90 arc. Bend the feeder (at 7/8 point of the feeder) with a radius of 50 cm to form a 90 arc in the horizontal cabling part.
When the 1/2-inch jumper connects to the feeder vertically (that is, the jumper and feeder are bundled in the same post), curve the jumper into a circle with a radius of 20 cm in front of the joint between the jumper and the feeder. The waterproof curve at the joint between the 1/2-inch jumper and the feeder is shown in Figure 4-24. Figure 4-24 Waterproof curve at the joint between the 1/2-inch jumper and the feeder
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4.9 Installing the TMA

Skip this section if it is not necessary to install the TMA.
4.9.1 Overview of the TMA

The TMA is installed to amplify receive signals. The installation position is close to the antenna, and the closer, the better. The shell of the TMA performs heat dissipation. There are three types of TMA, simplex, duplex, and triplex. This manual mainly describes the triplex TMA. Table 4-2 describes the TMA ports. Table 4-2 Introduction of the TMA ports TMA Type Triplex TMA Port Name Antenna BTS Connector Type 7/16DIN female 7/16DIN female Connect to . . . The 1/2-inch antenna jumper The RF interface (7/16DIN connector) on the BTS cabinet top through a jumper and a feeder Remark The two connectors may be located on different ends of the TMA or on the same end.

Fulfill the following requirements when installing the TMA: The TMA should be installed as close to the antenna as possible. For installation on the tower, the TMA should be installed on the guardrail of the tower platform, as shown in Figure 4-12. For installation on the rooftop, the TMA should be installed on the supporting post lower than the antenna, as shown in Figure 4-22. If the TMA cannot be installed on the supporting post, it should be installed on the wall, as shown in Figure 4-23. For the TMA with connectors on both sides, the connectors that connect to the antenna upward and the ones connecting to the BTS downward should be installed. For the TMA with connectors on the same side, the connectors should be installed downward.
4.9.3 Installing the TMA on the Tower

Perform the following steps: Step 1 Hoist the TMA and the accessories to the tower. Step 2 Determine the installation position.
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Step 3 Put the long bolt through the hole in the TMA support and then through the hole in the fastener. Secure the bolt. Step 4 Connect the end of the antenna jumper that connects the antenna to the Antenna port on the TMA. Step 5 Connect the end of the antenna jumper that connects the feeder to the BTS port on the TMA. ----End The installation is complete. See Figure 4-25 Figure 4-25 Installing the TMA on the tower
4.9.4 Installing the TMA on the Fixed Link

Steel fastening brackets, as shown in Figure 4-26, are used to fix the TMA on the tower top. Figure 4-26 Steel fastening bracket
To prevent the TMA from falling, two installers are required.
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Perform the following steps: Step 1 Hoist the TMA together with the accessories onto the tower platform. Step 2 Lead the end without bolt through the holes on the installation support of the TMA. Step 3 Lead the bracket around the pole and get the end without bolt through the slit on the other end beneath the bolt. Step 4 Fasten the bolt to fix the TMA on the tower or pole, as shown in Figure 4-27. Figure 4-27 Installing the TMA on the pole
(1) Main supporting post
(2) TMA port Antenna
(3) TMA
(4) TMA port BTS
Step 5 Connect the grounding pole of the TMA to the grounding point securely using grounding cables. ----End
4.9.5 Installing the TMA on a Wall

Fix the TMA on the wall with expansion bolts as follows: Step 1 Carry the TMA and installation components to the rooftop. Step 2 Determine the installation position of the TMA.
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Step 3 Fix the TMA on the wall with expansion bolts, as shown in Figure 4-28. Figure 4-28 Installing the TMA on the wall
(1) Antenna port of the TMA
(2) TMA
(3) Expansion bolt
Step 4 Ground the grounding post of the TMA. ----End
4.9.6 Installing the Jumpers of the TMA

The jumpers of the TMA include: The jumper between the antenna and the TMA (2.5 m), as shown in Figure 4-29. The jumper between the feeder and the TMA (1.5 m), as shown in Figure 4-30.
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Figure 4-29 Jumper between the antenna and the TMA
(1) To TMA
(2) To the antenna
Figure 4-30 Jumper between the TMA and the feeder
1 2
(1) To the TMA
(2) To the feeder
The procedure for installing these two kinds of jumpers is as follows: Step 1 Screw the connector of the antenna jumper to the Antenna port of the TMA. Step 2 Make the waterproof curve. Bend the jumper in a natural manner. The minimum bending radius of the jumper should be 20 times longer than the jumper diameter. See section 4.8 "Making a Waterproof Curve." Step 3 Tie the jumper with a black cable tie and attach the label to the jumper.
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The label should be attached 100 mm away from the end of the jumper, as shown in Figure 4-31. Only one label is required for each jumper because the jumper is usually very short. Bind the cable ties in the same direction. When cutting the cable ties, leave a slack of 3 mm to 5 mm to prevent the cable ties from falling off the jumper because of temperature change. The shear plane must be smooth so that it does not hurt operators.
Figure 4-31 The jumper between the antenna and the TMA
1
(1) Guardrails on the tower platform (4) Waterproof curve of the jumper
(2) TMA
(3) Jumper label
Step 4 Screw the connector of the 1/2-inch feeder jumper to the TMA and reserve the other connector. ----End
4.10 Installing Feeders and Antenna Jumpers

This section describes the procedure for installing the feeders and jumpers.
4.10.1 Cutting Feeders and Attaching Temporary Labels

Cut the feeders either before the hoisting or after the feeders are hoisted and fixed in position. In the latter case, reserve sufficient length for the feeders when they are being fixed in position. The procedure for cutting the feeder is as follows:
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When cutting the feeder, do not bend it. Prevent it from getting tangled or stepped on by vehicles or pedestrians. Step 1 Determine the length of the feeders required in each sector according to the engineering design drawings. Step 2 Cut the feeder based on the determined length, and leave a slack of 1 m to 2 m. Step 3 After cutting the feeder, attach the temporary labels at both ends and at the middle of the feeders.
For information about feeder labels, see Appendix B "Engineering Labels for Antenna System." The content of the temporary label is the same as that of the formal engineering label. Remove the temporary labels before attaching the formal ones.
----End
4.10.2 Hoisting and Fixing Feeders
Be careful while hoisting the feeder. Do not hoist the feeder violently in case that the feeder jacket is damaged. The procedure for hoisting and fixing the feeders is as follows: Step 1 Wrap the feeder end in a piece of gunny cloth (or antistatic bag) after the corresponding connector is made. Bind the cloth up using a rope or cable tie. Step 2 Knot the lifting rope round the feeder at the point that is 0.4 m from the end and tie another knot at the point that is 4.4 m from the feeder end to prepare for the hoisting, as shown in Figure 4-32.
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Figure 4-32 Protection of the feeder connector (unit: mm)

1
2 3
4 000
400
(1) Feeder connector (4) Knot
(2) Wrapped connector (5) Feeder
(3) Lifting rope
Step 3 The person on the tower pulls up the rope and the person on the ground keeps pulling the rope to avoid any damage to the antenna because of collisions with the building or tower. Step 4 Fix the upper part of the feeder at multiple points (not near the antenna or the TMA) to prevent it from slipping, as shown in Figure 4-33. Select the fixing clips (1-for-1 or 1-for-3) as shown in Figure 4-34 and Figure 4-35.
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Figure 4-33 Fixing the upper end of the feeder on the tower
2 3
1 3
(1) C-shaped fixing clip (2) Feeder (3) Cabling rack (hexagonal steel)
Figure 4-34 1-for-1 feeder fixing clip
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Figure 4-35 1-for-3 feeder fixing clip
----End
4.10.3 Connecting Jumpers Between the Antenna and the Feeder

Figure 4-36 shows the jumper between the antenna and the feeder. The jumper is 3.5 m, as shown in Figure 4-37. Figure 4-36 Connecting the jumper and the feeder
1 2
(1) Feeder
(2) Metal label of the feeder
(3) Encapsulated connector
(4) Jumper
Encapsulate the connectors of the jumpers and the feeders after the antenna system is installed and tested. This is to facilitate replacing the feeders or jumpers.
Figure 4-36 shows the connection of the jumper and the feeder after the antenna system is installed and tested.
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Figure 4-37 Jumper between the antenna and the feeder
1 2
(1) To the feeder
(2) To the antenna
The procedure for installing the jumpers between the antenna and the feeder is as follows: Step 1 Connect the antenna jumper to the feeder. Bend the jumper in a natural manner. The minimum bending radius should be 20 times longer than the feeder diameter. Step 2 Bind the jumpers and label them using metal labels. ----End
Attach the label 100 mm away from the end of the jumper. Attach one label for each jumper because the jumper is usually very short. Bind the cable ties in the same direction. Leave a slack of 3 mm to 5 mm when cutting the cable ties lest they fall off the jumper because of temperature changes.
4.10.4 Connecting Jumpers Between the TMA and the Feeder

When the TMA is installed, install the jumper between the TMA and the feeder as follows: Step 1 Connect the jumper with the feeder. The bending radius must be 20 times longer than the jumper diameter. Step 2 Bind the jumpers and label them. Attach the label 100 mm away from the end of the jumper. Attach one label for each jumper, because the jumper is usually very short. ----End
Bind the cable ties in the same direction. Leave a slack of 3 mm to 5 mm when cutting the cable ties in case that they fall off the jumper because of temperature changes. Encapsulate the connectors of the jumper and the feeder after the antenna system is installed and tested. This is to facilitate replacing the feeders and jumpers. Make a waterproof curve for the jumper between the feeder and the TMA.
Figure 4-38 shows the installation of the jumper between the TMA and the feeder.
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Figure 4-38 Jumper between the TMA and the feeder
1 3 4 2
(1) Feeder
(2) Tower guardrails
(3) Jumper
(4) TMA
4.10.5 Laying and Fixing the Feeders

Layout Principles
Abide by the following principles when laying and fixing feeders: The minimum bending radius of the feeder should be 20 times longer than the feeder diameter. Feeders should not cross each other when running along the cabling rack or down the tower. Route the feeders from the top down. Put the feeders in order and fix them using fixing clips while routing them. Mount the feeder fixing clips every 2 m or so along the tower or the cabling rack. Based on the actual requirements, select the 1-for-3, 1-for-2, or 1-for-1fixing clip, as shown in Figure 4-39, Figure 4-40, and Figure 4-41 respectively.
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Figure 4-39 Fixing the feeders on the tower (using the 1-for-3 fixing clip)
Figure 4-40 Fixing the feeders on the tower (using the 1-for-2 fixing clip)
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Figure 4-41 Laying the feeder from the tower top to the window
(1) Spacing between the feeder fixing clips
(2) Feeder fixing clip
Space feeder fixing clips regularly. Ensure that they face the same direction. When laying the feeders on the rooftop, place the feeders in the corresponding feeder fixing clips according to the names on the feeder labels.
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Fasten the feeders after they are all laid neatly. The fixing clips are strictly perpendicular to the feeders. Feeders in the same clip are parallel to each other, as shown in Figure 4-42. Figure 4-42 Feeders in the fixing clips
2 4 3
(1) Feeder
(2) Cabling rack
(4) Feeder well on the rooftop
Laying and Fixing Procedure

Perform the following steps: Step 1 Design the feeder arrangement and lead-in plan based on the sector requirements in the engineering design document.
Arrange the feeders in the same sector in one column or row. Keep the arrangement sequences of the feeders in each column or row consistent with each other.
Step 2 Arrange the feeders according to the designed sequence. Step 3 Fix the feeders to the tower or the cabling rack while arranging them neatly. Meanwhile, mount the feeder grounding clips and replace the temporary labels with formal metal labels.
Using a black cable tie, attach a metal label to a feeder at the following points: 200 mm away from the lower connector under the antenna 200 mm to 300 mm down the tower platform Bend portion When attaching labels to the feeders, ensure that all the labels are neatly laid out. All the labels and cable ties should face the same direction. Leave a slack of 5 mm to 10 mm when cutting the cable ties.
----End
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Waterproofing and Encapsulating the Connectors

When the installation of the antenna system cannot be completed in one day, the connectors or exposed ends of the feeders should go through simple waterproof treatment. All the connectors should get the waterproof and capsulation treatment after the antenna system is installed and tested.
4.10.6 Grounding the Feeders

Installation Locations of Feeder Grounding Clips
The feeder grounding clips are installed simultaneously with the feeder layout. Usually, each feeder is grounded at three points. When the antennas are installed on the tower, each feeder is grounded at: The point of the feeder within 1 m from the feeder connector The point of the feeder at the bottom of the tower When antennas are installed on the rooftop, each feeder is grounded at: The point of the feeder within 1 m from the feeder connector The place where the feeder is to be led down from the rooftop When the length of a feeder is more than 60 m, feeder grounding clips are applied along the feeder. Usually, the grounding clips are mounted every 20 m. Figure 4-43 and Figure 4-44 show the feeder grounding.
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Figure 4-43 Lightning protection grounding of the feeder (for the antenna installed on the tower)
3 4
7 6 5
(1) Grounding at the top of the feeder (2) Grounding in the middle of the feeder (3) Grounding at the bottom of the feeder (4) Feeder grounding point (5) Part connecting to the lightning protection ground (6) Grounding bar (7) Tower grounding bar
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Figure 4-44 Lightning protection grounding of the feeder down the cabling ladder
1 2
5 6
(1) Feeder (2) Rooftop (4) Cabling rack (5) Grounding bar (6) Lightning protection grounding cable
When installing the antenna on a support, ground the feeder to meet the requirements in the following cases: If the feeder is shorter than 10 m, you do not need to ground the feeder. If the feeder is longer than or equal to 10 m, ground the feeder 0.5 m above the turning where the feeder departs from the supports. The grounding cable led out from the feeder is connected to the grounding point of the support. If the feeder is longer than or equal to 20 m, ground the feeder at the antenna bottom (front end of the feeder) and at a distance 0.5 m above the turning where the feeder departs from the supports. The grounding cable led out from the feeder is connected to the grounding point of the support.
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Installing the Feeder Grounding Clips

Perform the following steps: Step 1 Arrange for the tools, unpack the packing box of the feeder grounding clips, and collect all the parts and accessories at a clean place or on a piece of paper. Step 2 Determine the installation location of the feeder grounding clip. Step 3 According to the clip size, strip the feeder skin at the determined location and expose the outer conductor, as shown in 1, 2, and 3 of Figure 4-45. Figure 4-45 Installing the feeder grounding clips
Step 4 Wrap the copper coat of the feeder grounding clip around the conductor of the feeder tightly. Using the straight screwdriver to screw the fixing bar so that the grounding clip presses tightly against the grounding cable of the feeder, as shown in 4, 5, and 6 of Figure 4-45.
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Lead the grounding cable of the clip downward. The angle between the grounding cable and the feeder should not be larger than 150. Ensure that the feeder grounding clip bends properly. The upper part of Figure 4-46 shows the right direction of the grounding cable.
Figure 4-46 Right direction of the grounding cable of the feeder grounding clip
(1) Copper coat
(2) Grounding cable
Step 5 Apply waterproof and encapsulation treatment to the grounding point. See section 4.14 "Waterproofing the Connectors" for details. Step 6 Connect the grounding cable of the grounding clip to the grounding part of the cabling rack securely. Different operations are taken according to different installation positions, as shown in Table 4-3. Table 4-3 Layout of feeders Position On the tower Operation If the tower is with grounding clips, connect the PGND cables to the nearest steel plate, as shown in Figure 4-47. If the tower is without grounding clips, fix the base of the feeder fixing clip to the tower and connect the PGND cable to the base.
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Position On the cabling rack
Operation Connect the PGND cable to the cabling rack with proper grounding. Remove the antirust print at the grounding point. Brush antirust paint on the lug, nuts, and cabling rack after installation of PGND cable is completed. The bare wire and stalk of the lug must be wrapped with insulation tapes.
Figure 4-47 Connecting the grounding cable of the feeder grounding clip to the steel plate of the tower
Step 7 Neatly lead the grounding cable of the feeder grounding clips to the grounding bar. If the grounding bar is not installed, install it and connect the grounding cable to the grounding net of the equipment room. If no grounding bar is available, connect them to the well-grounded cabling rack or to the lightning protection grounding net. If you use this method, the lightning protection system may be affected. So avoid using it as far as possible.
Provide antirust treatment to both the grounding cable and the grounding connectors. Coat the lug, nut and cabling racks with antirust paint. Wrap the bare wire and the lug handle with insulating tape.
----End
4.11 Installing Jumpers

The connectors of the 1/2-inch jumper and the 1/4-inch jumper inside the cabinet are usually made on site.

The installation requirements for the jumpers are as follows:
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The 1/2-inch jumpers from the cabinet bottom to the cabling rack should be laid parallel to each other. The 1/4-inch jumpers from the top to the bottom of the cabinet should be laid parallel to each other. The jumpers near the connectors must be routed vertically for approximately 20 cm before being bent; otherwise, the connectors are easily damaged. The jumpers should be bent in a natural manner and the bending radius should be 20 times longer than the jumper diameter. The jumpers between the cabinet top and the cabling rack should be laid with the appropriate tightness. The jumpers and all the crossbars of the cabling rack should be bound together. Bind the cable ties in the same direction and cut them smoothly without sharp ends. All the 1/2-inch jumpers should be labeled. The labels should be attached 100 mm away from both ends of a jumper.
4.11.2 Installing the 1/4-Inch Jumpers

To install the 1/4-inch jumpers, do as follows: Step 1 Cut the jumper to a proper length according to the actual distribution route. Step 2 Connect one end of the 1/4-inch jumper to the ANT A or ANT B port on the DDPU and the other end to the 1/2-inch jumper in the cabling hole at the cabinet bottom. Step 3 Make the connectors (7/16 DIN) following the instructions delivered with the components.
For details of connecting the 1/4-inch jumper, see the BTS3012AE Base Station Cabinet Installation.
----End
4.11.3 Installing the 1/2-Inch Jumpers

To install the 1/2-inch jumpers, do as follows: Step 1 Cut the jumper to a proper length according to the actual distribution route. Step 2 Connect one end of the 1/2-inch jumper to the feeder and the other end to the 1/4-inch jumper in the cabling hole at the cabinet bottom. Step 3 Make the connectors (7/16 DIN) following the instructions delivered with the components. Step 4 Attach the engineering labels. ----End
4.12 Installing the RET Antenna Components and Signal Cables

This section describes how to install the Remote Electrical Tilt Unit cable (RET) antenna components and how to connect signal cables. The RET antenna components are:
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Remote Control Unit (RCU) Smart Bias-Tee (SBT) Bias-Tee

There are two types of Bias-Tee: Bias-Tee without the RET antenna. Smart Bias-Tee, with the RET antenna.
4.12.1 Installing the Bias-Tee

Introduction to the Bias-Tee
The Bias-Tee must be installed when there is a TMA. It is directly screwed to ANT A and ANT B ports on the DDPU to supply power to the TMA. Figure 4-48 shows the Bias-Tee. Figure 4-48 Bias-Tee
(1) 7/16 DIN female
(2) SMA female
(3) 7/16 DIN male
Installing the Bias-Tee

Perform the following steps: Step 1 Connect the 7/16 DIN male connector of the Bias-Tee to port ANT A or ANT B on the DDPU through the 1/4-inch jumper. Step 2 Screw one end of the 1/4-inch jumper to the 7/16 DIN female connector of the Bias-Tee. Connect the other end of the 1/4-inch jumper to one end of the 1/2-inch jumper at the cabling hole for RF jumpers. Step 3 Fix the Bias-Tee. Step 4 Connect the RET signal cable that connects the DATU to the SMA female connector.
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----End
4.12.2 Installing the RCU

Introduction to the RCU
The RCU drives the RET antenna. On receiving the control signals from the BTS3012AE, the RCU starts the step motor and adjusts the electrical downtilt angle of the antenna. The maximum downtilt angle is 10o. RS485 is the control interface of the RCU. Figure 4-49 shows one type of RCU. Figure 4-49 RCU
(1) Attachment nut (antenna interface) (2) AISG standard male connector (8-pin interface), reserved for RET antenna connection (3) AISG standard female connector (8-pin interface) (4) AISG standard male connector
The RETs and the RCUs made by different manufacturers are not compatible with each other.
The RCU can be attached to the RET antenna after the antenna is installed.
Installing the RCU

The procedure for installing the RCU is as follows: Step 1 Remove the protective cap from the port connecting the RET antenna, as shown in Figure 4-50.
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Figure 4-50 Removing the protective cap
(1) Protective cap
If the RCU is not installed, you can adjust the downtilt angle using the adjustment wheel and adjustment spindle, as shown in Figure 4-51. The scale of the lower edge of the wheel on the adjustment spindle is the downtilt angle of the antenna, as shown in Figure 4-52.
Figure 4-51 Adjusting the downtilt angle
2
(1) Adjustment wheel (2) Adjustment spindle
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Figure 4-52 Adjustment spindle
1
(1) Adjustment spindle (2) RCU
Step 2 Remove the black adjustment wheel, as shown in Figure 4-53. Figure 4-53 Removing the black adjustment wheel
(1) Adjustment wheel
Step 3 Place the RCU carefully over the adjustment spindle and push it till the end, as shown in Figure 4-54.
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Do not twist the RCU. Otherwise, it may damage the adjustment spindle.
Figure 4-54 Installing the RCU
(1) RCU attachment nut
(2) RCU
Step 4 Tighten the RCU attachment nut with a torque wrench. ----End
4.12.3 Installing the SBT

Introduction to the SBT
The SBT provides DC power and control signals for the RCU through an RF feeder cable. It is mounted on the RET antenna port. Figure 4-55 shows the two types of SBTs that Huawei equipment supports.
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Figure 4-55 Smart Bias-Tee
(1) 7/16 DIN female connector
(2) 7/16 DIN male connector
Installing the SBT

The procedure for installing the SBT is as follows: Step 1 Screw the 7/16 DIN male connector of the SBT to one connector of the antenna, as shown in Figure 4-56. Figure 4-56 Installing the SBT
1 1
(1) Antenna connector
(2) 7/16 DIN male connector
Step 2 Screw the antenna jumper connector to the 7/16 DIN female connector of the SBT, as shown in Figure 4-57.
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The jumper must be connected to the two antenna ports on the top of the Dual Duplexer Unit for the DTRU BTS (DDPU). Figure 4-57 Installing the SBT jumper
1 1
2 2 3 3
(1) 7/16 DIN female connector (3) Jumper (connecting RET port)
(2) Jumper (connecting SBT female connector)
----End
4.12.4 Connecting the AISG Control Cables to the RCU

Introduction to the AISG Control Cables
The two ends of the signal cable that connects the RCU and the SBT are: AISG standard male connector (8-pin interface) AISG standard female connector (8-pin interface) The cable is 0.5 m long. Figure 4-58 shows the outline of the signal cable. Figure 4-58 Signal cable between the RCU and the SBT
(1) (2) (3)
(1) AISG standard male connector
(2) Label
(3) AISG standard female connector
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Installing the AISG Control Cables

Perform the following steps: Step 1 Connect the AISG standard male connector with the 8-pin connector of the SBT or the STMA. Step 2 Connect the AISG standard female connector with the 8-pin connector of the RCU, as shown in Figure 4-59. Figure 4-59 Installing the AISG control cables
1 1 3 2 2
3
(1) AISG standard male connector (3) AISG standard female connector (2) AISG standard male connector (8-pin connector)
----End
4.13 Testing the Antenna System

Measure the antenna and feeder VSWR on the 1/4-inch jumpers using a radio analyzer. Normally, the antenna VSWR is less than 1.5 (even if the system has the TMA). The VSWR of the DIN male connector of the 1/4-inch jumper that connects to the DDPU is less than 1.3. (The corresponding return loss is 18 dB.) If the VSWR is greater than 1.5, infer that there are problems in the antenna system. In this case, measure the VSWR hop by hop or measure the return loss of the entire system to locate the problems.
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4.14 Waterproofing the Connectors

After the installation and VSWR test of all the antenna system, the connectors of the antenna jumpers and the TMA or antennas, and the connectors of the 1/2-inch jumpers and feeders or feeder lightning arresters should be provided waterproof treatment. Two types of waterproof tapes are required: PVC tape and waterproof insulation tape, as shown in Figure 4-60. Figure 4-60 PVC tape and waterproof insulation tape
1 2
(1) PVC tape
(2) Waterproof insulation tape
The procedure of the waterproof and encapsulation treatment is as follows: Step 1 Clean the feeder connectors or feeder grounding clamp. Step 2 Stick the end of the waterproof insulation tape to the feeder at the point that is 20 mm to 50 mm from the connector or grounding clamp. Step 3 Stretch the tape until it is three-fourths to half as wide as its original shape. Wrap up the feeder spirally upward while maintaining this stretching strength. Ensure that the overlapping area of the adjacent tape layers is half of the stretched width, as shown in Figure 4-61.
Ensure that the stretched width is at least half of the original width. Otherwise, over-stretching may damage the molecular structure of the tape and reduce its reliability.
Figure 4-61 Wrapping up the feeder with waterproof insulation tape
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Step 4 When wrapping the feeder at the point that is 20 mm to 50 mm from another connector or grounding clamp, reverse the direction of the wrapping. When it reaches the starting point, reverse the direction one more time. In this way, the feeder is wrapped up with three layers of waterproof insulation tape. Step 5 After wrapping, squeeze the tape until it sticks to the feeder to ensure that no air remains between the tape layers. Step 6 When the wrapping of the waterproof insulation tape is complete, wrap the feeder up with PVC tapes to prevent the wearing out and aging of the waterproof insulation tape. Step 7 The wrapping of the PVC tape is similar to that of the waterproof insulation tape. Start wrapping spirally upward, while overlapping each adjacent layer over half the width of the layer. Reverse the wrapping direction twice to make a three-layer cover. Be sure to maintain the stretching strength. ----End
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5 Checking the Installation
5
About This Chapter
Title 5.1 Checking the Feeders 5.2 Checking the Grounding Bar 5.3 Checking the Antennas 5.4 Checking the Jumpers and the TMA
Checking the Installation
The following table lists the contents of this chapter. Description Describes the checklist for the feeder installation. Describes the checklist for the grounding bar installation. Describes the checklist for the antenna installation. Describes the checklist for the installation of the jumpers and the TMA.
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5.1 Checking the Feeders

Table 5-1 lists the installation check items for the antenna system. Table 5-1 Check items for the antenna system No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Check Item The feeders are arranged neatly. In accordance with the standard requirements, the feeder and jumper labels are attached neatly and oriented in the same direction. The feeders are not broken or twisted. No copper skin is exposed. The bending radius of the feeder is 20 times or even longer than the feeder diameter. The installed feeder fixing clips are spaced evenly and oriented in the same direction. The feeders are straight for at least 0.5 m on both directions from the point where they are led into the equipment room, and for 0.3 m on both sides of the lightning protection frame. The feeders do not cross each other. The degrees of their bending are the same. When the front of the cabinet is parallel to the cabling direction of the lead-in feeders, the feeders in each sector are arranged in the same row. The arrangement sequences of all the rows are the same. When the front of the cabinets is perpendicular to the cabling direction of the lead-in feeders, the feeders in each sector are arranged in the same column. The arrangement sequences of all the columns are the same. 9 10 11 The feeder connectors are prepared and fastened in a standard way. The feeders are connected in the right way and arranged in the right sectors. The feeders from the tower top to the equipment room are grounded: Within 1 m from the feeder connector On the feeder at the bottom of the tower The grounded parts are securely bound. They are provided waterproof treatment. 12 The feeders from the rooftop to the BTSs are grounded at the following points: Within 1 m from the feeder connector At the point where the feeders are led down from the rooftop If the length of the feeder distributed on the rooftop exceeds 20 m, a feeder grounding clip is applied to the feeder on the rooftop. The grounded parts are securely bound. They are provided waterproof treatment. 13 When the length of the feeder exceeds 60 m, the middle parts of the feeder are also grounded by using lightning protection clips. The interval between two clips is 20 m.
7 8
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No. 14 15 16 17
Check Item The grounding cables of the feeders are led from the top to the bottom. The angle between the feeders and the corresponding grounding cables is less than 15. The terminals of the feeder grounding clips are fixed to the corresponding nearest steel plates of the tower. The antennas and feeders installed on the rooftop of a dedicated tower are grounded to the lightning protection grounding net at the nearby building top. The feeding is normal.
5.2 Checking the Grounding Bar

Table 5-2 lists the check items for the grounding bar of the BTS3012AE antenna system. Table 5-2 Check items for the grounding bar of the BTS3012AE antenna system SN 1 2 3 Check Item The grounding bar is isolated from the wall. The grounding cable is as short as possible. The grounding bar is connected to the underground grounding net through a reliable special route. The grounding bar is connected to the grounding bar or the ground. The grounding resistance is less than 10 ohms.
5.3 Checking the Antennas

Table 5-3 lists the check items for the antennas of the BTS3012AE antenna system. Table 5-3 Check items for the antennas of the BTS3012AE antenna system Check Category Common items SN 1 2 3 Check Item The installation locations of the antennas are in compliance with the design document. The antenna lies within the protection coverage of the lightning rod (a deviation of 30 downward from the top of the lightning rod). The antenna support is securely installed on the tower or on the rooftop.
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Check Category Omnidirect -ional antenna
SN 4 5 6 7
Check Item The top of the antenna sheathing is as high as or slightly higher than the stand top. The omnidirectional antennas stand upright with the error (if any) less than !2. The distance of the antenna extending outside the tower platform is no less than 2 m. For the omnidirectional antenna installed on the building top, the horizontal distance between the antenna and the antenna lightning rod is at least 2.5 m. The antenna isolation is 30 dB for both Tx-Tx and Tx-Rx antennas. When two antennas are installed horizontally, the Tx-Tx/Tx-Rx antenna horizontal spacing is at least 5 m. When two antennas are installed vertically, the vertical spacing between Tx-Tx and Tx-Rx antennas is at least 0.2 m. According to the diversity Rx requirement of the omnidirectional antenna, the Rx-Rx antenna horizontal spacing is at least 4 m. Omnidirectional Rx and Tx antennas can either share one antenna stand or be installed separately, depending on the project design drawing. The error of the azimuth angle is not more than !5 and the error of the pitch angle is not more than !0.5. The antennas are free from any interference of the tower structure in the forward direction. The distance of the antenna extending outside the tower platform is at least 1 m. The antenna isolation is 30 dB for both Tx-Tx and Tx-Rx antennas. The Tx-Tx/Tx-Rx antenna horizontal spacing in the same sector is at least 3 m. The Tx-Tx/Tx-Rx antenna horizontal spacing in different sectors is at least 0.2 m. For the vertical installation, the Tx-Tx/Tx-Rx antenna vertical spacing in the same sector is at least 0.2 m. When installing the directional antenna, the interval between the space diversity receptions of the two Rx antennas is at least 4 m.
8 9 10 11 12
Directional antenna
13 14
15 16 17 18 19
5-4
Issue 01 (2006-09-06)
5.4 Checking the Jumpers and the TMA

Table 5-4 lists the check items for the jumpers and the TMA of the BTS3012AE antenna system. Table 5-4 Check items for the jumpers and the TMA of the BTS3012AE antenna system SN 1 2 3 4 5 6 Check Item All the jumper connectors are waterproofed. Waterproof curves are made for the jumpers. The jumpers connected to the antennas are tied to the steel frame of the tower along the crossbars of the antenna stand. The strap that is used to tie the jumpers is left with a suitable length after being cut. The bending radius of a jumper is no less than 20 times the jumper diameter. The TMA is installed near the antenna. For the TMA with connectors on different sides, the connector to the antenna is extended upward and the connector to the feeder is extended downward. For the TMA with connectors on the same side, both connectors are extended downward. The grounding of the TMA is proper.
Issue 01 (2006-09-06)
5-5

BTS3012AE Base Station Antenna System Installation Manual

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HUAWEI BTS3012AE Base Station Antenna System Installation Manual

2 Installation Process of the Antenna System .........................................................................2-1

3 Installation Preparations ..........................................................................................................3-1

4 Installing the Antenna System ................................................................................................4-1

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HUAWEI BTS3012AE Base Station Antenna System Installation Manual

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HUAWEI BTS3012AE Base Station Antenna System Installation Manual

5 Checking the Installation .........................................................................................................5-1

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HUAWEI BTS3012AE Base Station Antenna System Installation Manual

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HUAWEI BTS3012AE Base Station Antenna System Installation Manual

Huawei Technologies Proprietary

HUAWEI BTS3012AE Base Station Antenna System Installation Manual

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HUAWEI BTS3012AE Base Station Antenna System Installation Manual

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HUAWEI BTS3012AE Base Station Antenna System Installation Manual

1 Hardware Structure of the Antenna System

Hardware Structure of the Antenna System

About This Chapter

1.1 Components 1.2 Typical Hardware Structure

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1 Hardware Structure of the Antenna System

HUAWEI BTS3012AE Base Station Antenna System Installation Manual

1.2 Typical Hardware Structure

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HUAWEI BTS3012AE Base Station Antenna System Installation Manual

1 Hardware Structure of the Antenna System

(3) Cabling rack (6) Grounding bar (9) Feeder

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1 Hardware Structure of the Antenna System

HUAWEI BTS3012AE Base Station Antenna System Installation Manual

(2) TMA (5) Feeder fixing clip (8) Feeder

(3) Antenna jumper (6) Grounding bar (9) Antenna support

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HUAWEI BTS3012AE Base Station Antenna System Installation Manual

1 Hardware Structure of the Antenna System

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HUAWEI BTS3012AE Base Station Antenna System Installation Manual

2 Installation Process of the Antenna System

Installation Process of the Antenna System

About This Chapter

2.1 Installation Flow Chart 2.2 Installation Guide

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2 Installation Process of the Antenna System

HUAWEI BTS3012AE Base Station Antenna System Installation Manual

2.1 Installation Flow Chart

Install the grounding bar

Install the antenna support

Install the antenna

TMA needs to be installed? Yes Install the TMA

Install and ground feeders and jumpers

Test the BTS3012AE antenna system

Pass the test ? Yes Warterproof the connectors

Find and solve the problem

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HUAWEI BTS3012AE Base Station Antenna System Installation Manual

2 Installation Process of the Antenna System

2.2 Installation Guide

Install the jumpers

4.11 Installing Jumpers