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: GSM

5831

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GSM GSM
Access Core

GSM

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6781 :

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9881 :

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Telecommunication network :

PSTN PLMN

Postpaid Prepaid

Basic Concepts in Tele. Net. :

Traffic Signaling

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Multiple Access Technology

Purpose :

Share resources for several users

Benefit :

spectrum efficiency

methods

FDMA TDMA CDMA OFDM

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FDMA

Separation of the whole spectrum into smaller frequency bands A channel gets a certain band of the spectrum for the whole time
Advantages: no dynamic coordination necessary works also for analog signals Disadvantages: waste of bandwidth if the traffic is distributed unevenly inflexible guard spaces
t k1 c f k2 k3 k4 k5 k6

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TDMA

A channel gets the whole spectrum for a certain amount of time Advantages: only one carrier in the k1 k2 k3 k4 k5 medium at any time throughput high even c for many users Disadvantages: Precis synchronization
t

k6

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Time and Frequency Multiplexing

Combination of both methods A channel gets a certain frequency band for a certain amount of time

k1 k2 k3 k4 k5 k6

c
f

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Code division Multiple Access (CDMA)

Each user have a unique Code Code used at BTS and MS to distinguish different user A channel gets a certain frequency band for a certain amount of time Advantage : Spectrum Efficiency No frequency planning
NOT used in GSM WCDMA used at UMTS

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OFDM

Orthogonal Frequency Division multiplexing

Advantage:

Spectral Efficiency Robust in Frequency Selective channel Best for Multimedia