Operational Amplifier

Frequency Response of op amp.

Op amp achieved a gain of 60.94dB Unity gain frequency= 336M Hz Phase Margin= 56.8 deg
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Integrator
Noise shaping
Closed loop gain should be small enough so that the output does not rail defined by the values of R and C

Transient Response

Comparator

Comparator output

when reference voltage is 800mV

when reference voltage is 900mV

DAC

Case 1: If the digital input = 1 then DAC output = +VREF Case 2: If the digital input = 0 then DAC output = -VREF.
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DAC output

DAC non-linearities can be modelled as an error source added to the input. 1. Benefits from oversampling. 2. Not subject to noise shaping.

Subtractor

Subtractor output

Schematic of 1st order Sigma Delta modulator

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Output of each structure

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Over sampled ADC response

fB=4.279KHz fN=8.558KHz fS=1.608MHz OSR=fs/fN

OSR=188~256
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