I HC THI NGUYN TRNG I HC K THUT CNG NGHIP

TI LIU TH NGHIM

HC PHN: TH NGHIM CHUYN MN CC NGNH K THUT IU KHIN M S HC PHN: LAB 507 S TN CH: 01 TC

THI NGUYN - NM 2011 B MN O LNG IU KHIN

TI LIU TH NGHIM

HC PHN:

TH NGHIM CHUYN MN CC NGNH K THUT IU KHIN

M S HC PHN: LAB 507 S TN CH: 01 TC

TRNG B MN o lng iu khin

TRNG KHOA IN T

MC LC

BI 1 THC HNH M PHNG MCH IN

S TIT: 01 TIT

Thit k mch in theo yu cu ca bi ton cho trc l mt trong nhng yu cu cn thit i vi mi sinh vin v vi mi k s khi lm vic. Tuy nhin trong qu trnh thit k mch in chng ta c th gp 1 s li nht nh, nu khng c kim chng tt th chng ta phi tr gi khi a n ra thc t. Phn mm m phng thit k mch in l mt cng c c xem nh l Lab thu nh, nhm h tr cho sinh vin, k s thit k kim chng l thuyt v a ra cc gii php ph hp khi c s c hoc li xy ra. Phn I. Thc hnh 1.1. Mc ch thc hnh: Sau khi thc hin bi thc hnh ny bn c th: Lm quen vi mi trng v cng c m phng mch in Mutilsim. Lm quen vi tn gi ca cc linh kin in t thc t. Bit thit k thnh tho s nguyn l mch in. Bit s dng thnh tho phn mm m phng kim tra thit k v phn tch mch in. C kh nng phn tch mch in thng qua cc php o v kt qu hin th Gip sinh vin chuyn i t duy t kin thc l thuyt n tip cn vi kin thc thc t Gip cho SV hiu r c thc hnh l mt b phn cng vic ca ngi lm cng tc khoa hc k thut. 1.2. C s l thuyt: Da trn cc l thuyt v mch khuch i v l thuyt xy dng b m c hc 1.3. Thc hnh: 1.3.1. Ni quy an ton thc hnh: - Ngi thc hin thc hnh k c Hng dn vin v sinh vin phi nm vng cc ni quy an ton do phng thc hnh quy nh, thng qua vic hc ni quy c kim tra st hch. - Cc thit b thc hnh chu s kim sot an ton theo phn cp ca nh nc phi m bo c y bin bn kim nh an ton ca cp c thm quyn. V d: Thit b in cao th (trn 1 kV), cc thit b p lc, cht ha hc c bit... 1.3.2. Ni dung bi thc hnh: Bi 1: M phng mch khuch i ghp tng dng Tranzitor
5

1.3.3. Phng php v cch thc thc hnh: a. Gii thiu thit b v dng c thc hnh: My tnh c nhn PC B ci t phn mm m phng mch in Mutilsim 8.0 b. Phn nhm thc hnh: Gio vin hng dn phn nhm c. Tin hnh thc hnh: Bi 1: M phng mch khuch i ghp tng dng Tranzitor
Ec 9 RC1 3k R11 22k C1 100mF R12 5k 2 C2 100uF 7 R21 22k R1 2k 4 Q1 15 V 0

Q2 1 MPS6515 3 RE1 1k 0

5 Uv 0.5 V 50 Hz 0Deg 0

R22 10k

MPS6515 C4 10 RE2 1k 100uF R3 6k

Ura

CE 100nF

Hnh 1: Mch khuch i ghp tng dng Tranzitor Bc 1: M phn mm Mutilsim v to mt project mi. Bc 2: Ca s son tho s c hin ra nh hnh v bn di

Hnh 2: Ca s lm vic ca phn mm Mutilsim 8.0 Bc 3: Tip theo bn chn nt xut hin. trn thanh cng c linh kin in t, ca s

Thanh cng c cc thit bi o lng Ca s son tho 7

Thanh cng c linh kin in t

Hnh 3: Ca s la chn linh kin trong th vin

Bc 4: Trn ca la chn linh kin, bn chn Search ca s xut hin

Bc 5: Trn ca tm kim linh kin, bn g MPS6515 sau kch Search kch Ok kch Ok. Tip bn kch chut tri vo ca s son tho thc hin vic t linh kin Tranzitor MPS6515 ln khong trng ca ca s son tho v kt thc vic ly linh kin Tranzitor MPS6515 .

Bc 6: Lp li cc bc 3, bc 4, bc 5 thc hin vic ly cc linh kin in t khc trn hnh v 1.

Bc 7: Tip theo bn chn nt xut hin.

trn thanh cng c linh kin in t, ca s

Hnh 4: Ca s la chn ngun in trong th vin Bc 8: Trn ca la chn linh kin, mc Component, bn thy n ang ch vo ngun AC_POWER ang cn tm sau kch Ok. Tip bn kch chut tri thc hin vic t b ngun ln khong trng ca ca s son tho. Bc 9: Lp li cc bc 7, bc 8 thc hin vic ly cc ngun in khc nh ngun Ec, GND.. trn hnh v 1. Bc 10: Tip theo bn chn nt my hin sng 4 knh trn thanh cng c thit b o lng dng quan st tn hiu vo, ra.. Tip bn kch chut tri thc hin vic t my hin sng ln khong trng ca ca s son tho.

Bc 11: Sau khi thc hin ly ton cc linh kin in t, thit b ngun, my hin sng trong hnh v 1. Chng ta thc hin ni dy bng cch kch chut tri vo chn linh kin cn ni sau r chut ti v tr ch.

V tr cn ch

V tr cn ni

Hnh 5: Thc hin ni dy Bc 12: Kch Ctrl + S hoc kch vo biu tng thc hin lu li bn thit k ( nn lu tn file trng vi tn ca Project ). Sau kch OK. Bc 13: Kch vo nt m phng m phng. , hoc phm F5, thc hin chy

My hin sng 4 knh 10

Bc 14: Kch chut vo my hin sng thc hin quan st u vo, ra v kt qu ca mch khuch i.

Hnh 6: Kt qu m phng mch in

Bi 2: M phng b m thun nghch Modul 8.

VCC 5V
VCC

J2

X1 2.5 V

X2 2.5 V

X3 2.5 V

Key = A
0 11

VCC VCC 5V
VCC 8

VCC 5V U3A U1A

4

VCC 5V U8A
3
3 12

5V U5A J1
1
2

U6A U7A
10 13

1J 1CLK 1K

1Q

U2A
1

1 12
VCC 4

12 4

~ 1Q

74LS08D U3B

1J 1CLK 1K

1Q

1 12
VCC 4

Key = Space
0

VCC

74LS32D

~ 1Q

14

74LS08D U8B

1J 1CLK 1K

1Q

74LS32D

~ 1Q

13

~ 1CLR

13

74LS08D

~ 1CLR

13

74LS08D

~ 1CLR

74LS107N U4A
9

74LS107D

74LS107D

74LS04D

Hnh 7: B m thun nghch Modul 8. Bc 1: M phn mm Mutilsim v to mt project mi. Bc 2: Ca s son tho s c hin ra nh hnh v bn di

11

Hnh 8: Ca s son tho mutilsim 8.0. Bc 3: Tip theo bn chn nt xut hin. trn thanh cng c linh kin in t, ca s

Thanh cng c cc thit bi o lng Ca s son tho 12

Thanh cng c linh kin in t

Hnh 9: Ca s la chn linh kin trong th vin

Bc 4: Trn ca la chn linh kin, bn chn 74LS trong mc Family ko r thanh trt t trn xung di trong mc Component tm kim linh kin 74LS107.

13

Bc 5: Sau kch Ok, ca s xut hin

Tip bn kch chut tri vo A hoc B Tip bn kch chut tri vo ca s lm vic thc hin vic t linh kin 74LS107 ln khong trng ca ca s son tho v kt thc qu trnh chn IC 74LS107 bn n cancell hoc kch B nu bn tip tc ly linh kin ny.

14

Bc 6: Lp li cc bc 3, bc 4, bc 5 thc hin vic ly cc linh kin in t khc trn hnh 7. Bc 7: Tip theo bn chn nt xut hin. trn thanh cng c linh kin in t, ca s

15

Hnh 10: Ca s la chn cng tc trong th vin

Bc 8: Trn ca la chn linh kin, mc Family, bn ko r thanh trt dc t trn xung di chn SWITH chn SPDT kch OK. Tip bn kch chut tri thc hin vic t cng tc ln khong trng ca ca s son tho. Bc 9: Lp li cc bc 7, bc 8 thc hin vic ly thm cc cng tc khc theo yu cu ca mch in. Ch : C th thc hin thao tc Copy v paste sao chp cc linh kin ging nhau. Bc 10: Tip theo bn chn nt s xut hin trn thanh cng c linh kin in t, ca

Hnh 10: Ca s la chn bng n hin th trong th vin Bc 11: Trn ca la chn linh kin, mc Family, chn PROBE chn PROBE_RED kch OK. Tip bn kch chut tri thc hin vic t cng tc ln khong trng ca ca s son tho.

16

Bc 12: Sau khi thc hin ly ton cc linh kin in t, thit b ngun, linh kin hin th n n cc.... Chng ta thc hin ni dy ( c hng dn phn trn) Bc 13: Kch Ctrl + S hoc kch vo biu tng thc hin lu li bn thit k ( nn lu tn file trng vi tn ca Project ). Sau kch OK. Bc 14: Kch vo nt m phng , hoc phm F5, thc hin chy m phng v quan st trng thi u ra ca cc bng n. Bc 15: Kch cng tc J2 v tr pha trn, v n phm cch ( spacebar) lin tc nhn vo cc n X1, X2, X3 quan st trng thi u ra ca b m. Lp mi quan h gia s ln n phm spacebar ( s xung vo) vi trng thi u ra ca b m vo bng 1: S ln n phm spacebar (S xung vo) 1 2 ... 6 7 8 Bng 1 V gin thi gian ca b m. Bc 16: Kch cng tc J2 v tr pha di v n phm cch ( spacebar) lin tc nhn vo cc n X1, X2, X3 quan st trng thi u ra ca b m. Lp mi quan h gia s ln n phm spacebar ( s xung vo) vi trng thi u ra ca b m vo bng 2: S ln n phm spacebar (S xung vo) 1 Trng thi ca cc bng n hin th X3 X2 X1 Trng thi ca cc bng n hin th X3 X2 X1

17

2 ... 7 8 Bng 2 V gin thi gian ca b m. Bc 17: Da trn tng ca b m thun nghch modul 8, xy dng b m modul 16 d. Bi tp thc hnh: Anh (ch) hy v s nguyn l m phng cc mch in c cho phn ph lc I dng phn mm Mutilsim. 1.4. Chun b ca sinh vin: - c v nghin cu bi thc hnh - c v nghin cu l thuyt c lin quan n ni dung bi thc hnh - Chun b cc vt dng, giy v ghi chp s liu thc hnh - S chun b ca sinh vin phi c thng qua kim tra ca ngi hng dn thc hnh. Nu khng t, s khng c tham gia thc hnh v c c thc hnh tip vo bui khc hay khng s do B mn v Ban ch nhim khoa gii quyt. Phn II. Vit bo co thc hnh 2.1. Quy nh chung: Bo co thc hnh c vit mt mt trn kh giy A4, ng quyn, ba mm (theo mu .........). Mi sinh vin c mt quyn bo co ring. 2.2. Ni dung bo co: 2.2.1. C s l thuyt Phn tch c s l thuyt nh mc 1.2. 2.2.2. Bo co kt qu thc hnh - Tng hp nhng kt qu chnh cho ni dung bo co - Phng php x l kt qu thc hnh - Gia cng kt qu, lp bng, v c tnh
18

...

...

...

- Nhn xt kt qu: + Cc kt qu thu c t thc hnh + So snh kt qu thc hnh vi l thuyt + Mc kt qu t c so vi yu cu ra - Kin ngh. Phn III. NH GI CHM IM, BO V TH NGHIM B mn hay tp th hng dn thc hnh t chc nh gi im thc hnh thng qua la chn hnh thc sau: - Chm im da trn qu trnh thc hnh vo ni dung bn bo co thc hnh ca tng sinh vin. - im thc hnh ca sinh vin c tng hp theo lp c ch k xc nhn Trng b mn chuyn mn.

TI LIU THAM KHO Printed Circuit Handbook, MCGraw-Hill. Printed Circuit Boards, Design and Technology, MCGraw-Hill. Protel Technology: Easytrax Reference Manual, . Leslie, R: PCB Design, Do it once, do it right, 1991. Lindsey, D: The Design and Drafting of Printed circuit, Bishop Graphics Inc, 1980. Lamit/Lloyd: Drafting for Electronics, Merril, 1985.

19

BI 2 THC HNH V MCH NGUYN L TRN PHN MM PROTEL

S TIT: 01 TIT

Khi chng ta kim tra ht cc li, hon thin bn thit k v mt nguyn l. Cng vic tip theo ca qu trnh thit k mch in l thit k cc mch in ny trn cc bo mch thc v hn cc linh kin in t trn bo mch. Phn mm Protel l mt cng c nhm h tr cho sinh vin, k s thit k mch in sao cho ti u nht v cch sp xp linh kin, chnh xc nht, gn nh v gim gi thnh sn phm. Phn I. Thc hnh
20

1.1. Mc ch thc hnh: Sau khi thc hin bi thc hnh ny bn c th: Lm quen vi mi trng v cng c v mch in Protel. Lm quen vi tn gi ca cc linh kin in t thc t. Bit thit k thnh tho s nguyn l mch in. Bit xy dng th vin linh kin ring thun tin cho vic thit k mch in. Gip sinh vin chuyn i t duy t kin thc l thuyt n tip cn vi kin thc thc t Gip cho SV hiu r c thc hnh l mt b phn cng vic ca ngi lm cng tc khoa hc k thut. 1.2. C s l thuyt: Da trn cc l thuyt v linh kin in t, v cc bc tin tin hnh v mch nguyn l s dng phn mm protel c hc trong bi ging K thut thit k bo mch. 1.3. Thc hnh: 1.3.1. Ni quy an ton thc hnh: - Ngi thc hin thc hnh k c Hng dn vin v sinh vin phi nm vng cc ni quy an ton do phng thc hnh quy nh, thng qua vic hc ni quy c kim tra st hch. - Cc thit b thc hnh chu s kim sot an ton theo phn cp ca nh nc phi m bo c y bin bn kim nh an ton ca cp c thm quyn. V d: Thit b in cao th (trn 1 kV), cc thit b p lc, cht ha hc c bit... 1.3.2. Ni dung bi thc hnh: V mch nguyn l da trn cc th vin linh kin c sn trong phn mm Protel 1.3.3. Phng php v cch thc thc hnh: a. Gii thiu thit b v dng c thc hnh: My tnh c nhn PC B ci t phn mm v mch in Protel 99 b. Phn nhm thc hnh: Gio vin hng dn phn nhm c. Tin hnh thc hnh:

21

Bi 1: V mch nguyn l da trn cc th vin linh kin c sn trong phn mm Protel. V mch nguyn l mch in di y s dng phn mm Protel 99 SE.
0 U3

56 R5

17

Q3

Q2

Q1

Q0

CK

12V Vs

A B C DE F G

30k R1
4

VCC RST DI S O UT

U2 R414
9

U10
7 1 2 6
0

1 2 3

I NA I NB R01 R02 R91 R92

D1 30k R2
7 8

THR TRI CO N G ND
0

Q A Q B Q C Q D

12 9 8 11

DA DB DC DD ~ EL ~ BI ~ LT

3.3k

6 7

VCC 3

5 4

O A O B O C O D O E O F O G

13 12 11 10 9 15 14

10 11 12 13 14 15 16

7490N 5V

4511BD_5V

100nF C

10nF Cf

555_VIRTUAL Timer
0

VCC

DIODE_VIRTUAL

Hnh 11: B m modul 10 s dng IC 7490 Bc 1: M phn mm Protel 99 v to mt project mi. Bc 2: Ca s phn mm s c hin ra nh hnh v bn di

Mun b hay thay i mt khu c t trc ta thc hin: Desing Team\ Members\ Admin

Kch phi chut vo ch trng ri chn New

22

Hnh 12: Ca s thit k Explorer

Bc 3: Kch chut phi vo khong trng chn New, ca s xut hin

Bc 4: Kch chut tri vo Schematic Document ca s xut hin

Thanh tiu ch ng dn ca bn v

Bc 5: t tn cho bn v ( tn bn v nn trng vi tn ca project bn ang

Nt chn i tng Nt b chn i tng

Chn ch hin th: Hin th th vin

thit k) kch vo biu tng Cc th

vin cha linh kin

ca s xut hin:
Thanh cng c tr gip v minh ho

Bn v
Thanh cng c tr gip v mch

Linh kin ri rc

Khung bn v 23

Hnh 12: Ca s son tho v mch nguyn l Bc 6: Chn kh giy bng cch kch p vo khung bn v hoc chn menu Design/Options ca s xut hin chn kh giy ph hp vi bn v
Chn chiu: ngang hay thng ng Khong cch li Khong cch bt dnh Chn kh giy v

Chn font ch cho bn v

Hnh 13: Ca s la chn kh giy

24

Bc 7: Tip theo bn chn nt PlacePart (dng chn cc linh kin cn dng) trn thanh cng c v Wiring Tools ca s xut hin.

Bc 8: Click chut vo Browse tm chn linh kin cn dng

Hnh 13: Ca s la linh kin Bc 9: La chn linh kin trong ca s Browse Libraries chn Close,

ca s xut hin

25

Bc 10: Ci t cc tham s cho in tr theo yu cu ca mch in

chn OK kch chut tri vo khong trng ca s son tho thc hin vic t linh kin in tr kch Cencel nu bn mun kt thc qu trnh ly linh kin tr ( kch Part type thay i hoc gi nguyn gi tr in tr nu bn mun ly thm cc linh kin in tr cng kiu nhng c gi tr khc kick OK).
Bc 11: Lp li cc bc 7, 8, 9, 10 thc hin ly cc linh kin in t

cn li trong project bn ang thit k hnh 11.

Bc 12: Thc hin sp xp li cc linh kin in t c ly ra sao cho

ph hp v p. Bc 13: Chn nt ( hoc n phm tt PW) thc hin ni dy gia gia cc linh kin theo s nguyn l nhp chut vo v tr cn ni ko r chut ti im ch cn ni nhp chut tri nhp chut phi kt thc lnh v lp li ti cc im khc nh s bn v hnh 11, kt lnh ni dy cc bn n phm Esc.

26

Bc 14: Kch Ctrl + S hoc kch vo biu tng thc hin lu li bn thit k v kt thc qu trnh thc hin v mch nguyn l s dng phn mm Protel d. Bi tp thc hnh: Anh (ch) hy v s nguyn l cc mch in c cho phn ph lc I dng phn mm Protel. 1.4. Chun b ca sinh vin: - c v nghin cu bi thc hnh - c v nghin cu l thuyt c lin quan n ni dung bi thc hnh - Chun b cc vt dng, giy v ghi chp s liu thc hnh - S chun b ca sinh vin phi c thng qua kim tra ca ngi hng dn thc hnh. Nu khng t, s khng c tham gia thc hnh v c c thc hnh tip vo bui khc hay khng s do B mn v Ban ch nhim khoa gii quyt. Phn II. Vit bo co thc hnh 2.1. Quy nh chung: Bo co thc hnh c vit mt mt trn kh giy A4, ng quyn, ba mm (theo mu .........). Mi sinh vin c mt quyn bo co ring.

2.2. Ni dung bo co: 2.2.1. C s l thuyt Phn tch c s l thuyt nh mc 1.2. 2.2.2. Bo co kt qu thc hnh - Tng hp nhng kt qu chnh cho ni dung bo co - Phng php x l kt qu thc hnh - Gia cng kt qu, lp bng, v c tnh - Nhn xt kt qu: + Cc kt qu thu c t thc hnh + So snh kt qu thc hnh vi l thuyt + Mc kt qu t c so vi yu cu ra
27

- Kin ngh. Phn III. NH GI CHM IM, BO V TH NGHIM B mn hay tp th hng dn thc hnh t chc nh gi im thc hnh thng qua la chn hnh thc sau: - Chm im da trn qu trnh thc hnh vo ni dung bn bo co thc hnh ca tng sinh vin. - im thc hnh ca sinh vin c tng hp theo lp c ch k xc nhn Trng b mn chuyn mn. TI LIU THAM KHO Printed Circuit Handbook, MCGraw-Hill. Printed Circuit Boards, Design and Technology, MCGraw-Hill. Protel Technology: Easytrax Reference Manual, . Leslie, R: PCB Design, Do it once, do it right, 1991. Lindsey, D: The Design and Drafting of Printed circuit, Bishop Graphics Inc, 1980. Lamit/Lloyd: Drafting for Electronics, Merril, 1985.

28

BI 3 KHUCH I THUT TON

S TIT: 01 TIT

29

Danh t "Khuch i thut ton" (OA- Operational Amplifier) thuc v b khuch i dng mt chiu c h s khuch i ln, c hai u vo vi sai v mt u ra chung. Tn gi ny c quan h ti vic ng dng u tin ca chng ch yu thc hin cc php tnh cng, tr, tch phn, vi phn.. v.v . Hin nay cc b khuch i thut ton ng vai tr quan trng v c ng dng rng ri trong k thut khuch i, to tn hiu hnh sin v xung, trong b n p v b lc tch cc.. v.v. Khi lm vic vi khuch i thut ton chng ta lu cc gi thuyt c bn l : Tr khng u vo v cng ln Zv = , Tr khng ra ca bng 0: Zra = 0(), H s khuch i (cha thc hin phn hi) tin ti v cng: K = , "tri im khng " bng 0 - cc ng c tuyn i qua gc to . Vi bai thi nghim nay, sinh vin se c kim chng lai phn ly thuyt trong 7 chng II thuc hc phn Ky thut in t tng t v phng php d im khng, lm r ng dng khuch i thut ton trong cc mch khuch i v mch so snh. Phn I. Th nghim 1.1. Mc ch th nghim: Sau khi thc hin bi th nghim ny bn c th: Xc nh c cch thc d im khng Quan st hot ng ca mch so snh Nhn bit nh hng ca in p bo ha Xc nh h s khch i vi phn hi m D bo c in p ra khi c in p vo khng i D bo in p ra khi in p u vo thay i Gip sinh vin chuyn i t duy t kin thc l thuyt n tip cn vi kin thc thc t Gip cho SV hiu r c th nghim l mt b phn cng vic ca ngi lm cng tc khoa hc k thut. 1.2. C s l thuyt: KHCH I THUT TON Trc khi th nghim bn s hc v ba thng s chnh ca mt b khuch i in p - Tr khng u vo: Thng l cao gim ti ngun nui b khuch i - H s khch i tng: Yu cu phi cao
30

- Tr khng ra: Yu cu l nh hn ch s mt mt in p ra khi c ti Cn nhiu c tnh khc na nh: tnh n nh, di thng, cng sut danh nh nhng thng s ny s c xem xt sau.

Mch ni tng ci thin hiu sut ca cc transistor c nghin cu module 2.2. c bit, li ch ca mch Darlington, khuch i vi phn, dng sink khng i, v cp PNP/NPN s c tch hp trn mt mch c thit b khuch i gn l tng c tn l Khuch i thut ton, do n c th thc hin cc chc nng ton hc. Tuy nhin, tnh hu dng ca thit b ny vt xa so vi ban u, nn Op Amps s c thy nhiu hn trong cc mch in ng dng. Khuch i vi sai dng cp darlington c s dng trong tng vo, to nn hai u vo, mt u o v khng o. Nu Op Amp c cp ngun l th mch in s cn bng vi t. Ngun nui n l khng cn thit, ch dng khi yu cu. Tr khng vo cao c thc hin bng cch s dng nhng in tr cc emiter ti u vo mch in Cp khuch i darlington ni tng s to ra h s khuch i tng l cao. Tr khng ra nh do ly u emitter lm u ra. 1.3. Th nghim: 1.3.1. Ni quy an ton th nghim: - Ngi thc hin th nghim k c Hng dn vin v sinh vin phi nm vng cc ni quy an ton do phng th nghim quy nh, thng qua vic hc ni quy c kim tra st hch. - Cc thit b th nghim chu s kim sot an ton theo phn cp ca nh nc phi m bo c y bin bn kim nh an ton ca cp c thm quyn. V d: Thit b in cao th (trn 1 kV), cc thit b p lc, cht ha hc c bit...
31

1.3.2. Ni dung bi th nghim: Bi 1: D im khng Bi 2: Mch so snh Bi 3: Mch khuch i vng kn 1.3.3. Phng php v cch thc th nghim: a. Gii thiu thit b v dng c th nghim: D3000 3.1 My hin sng Hai my o vn nng Cc dy ni ngn v di b. Phn nhm th nghim c. tin hnh th nghim Bi 1: D im khng

Ni l cm 1.4 v 1.5, 1.8 v 1.9. Ni my o vn nng ch in p DC, u dng vo l cm 1.6, u chung vo 1.3 Bt cho module hot ng.
32

Ch : in p V2 c cp vo u vo o, u vo khng o ni t qua in tr R2. Thit lp cho my hin sng nh sau C s thi gian (timebase): 2ms/div, ch trigger AC, 1 knh. nh v trc theo di vo gia mn hnh hin th. CH. 1 Y, h s khch i: 5V/div, u vo DC iu chnh ngun mt chiu 5V vi ngun V1 v V2 v tr bn phi trn bo mch Ni CH1 ca my hin sng vi l 1.16 xem xt u ra. Thay i chm V2, ch rng gn ti gia ca trc ca mn hnh hin th th in p ra chuyn t thp sang cao. iu chnh V2 ti gn gi tr m xy ra s chuyn mch. Ghi li gi tr in p ti u vo o khi chuyn mch din ra: Gi tr in p chuyn mch Vin= (mV) (ti u vo o)

1a Ghi li gi tr in p chuyn mch (o) Lu : Khi u vo m, u ra l dng v khi u vo dng, u ra m, xc nh rng l u vo o. i dy ni t l cm 1.4 v 1.5 sang ni 1.1 v 1.5 v i dy ni 1.8 & 1.9 sang 1.2 v 1.8, chuyn u dng ca my o vn nng sang l cm 1.7. Lc ny, in p ngun cp V1 c a vo u vo khng o, u vo o c ni t. Thay i V1 mt cch t t. Ch li ln na rng, gn ti gia ca trc hin th trn osilloscope th in p chuyn t cao (dng) sang thp (m). Ghi li gi tr in p u vo khng o khi c s chuyn mch. Gi tr in p chuyn mch Vin= (mV) (ti u vo khng o)

1b. Ghi li gi tr chuyn mch Vin (khng o) Ch : Ti thi im ny, khi u vo l dng, u ra dng, xc nh li rng l u vo khng o v h s khuch i l rt ln Bi 2: Mch so snh

33

Hot ng ca mch ny l so snh in p mt u vo vi in p u vo cn li. Trong mch vng h ny, in p u ra chuyn mch gia hai trng thi, t trng thi dng khi in p u vo o m hn u vo khng o. Ni l cm 1.4 v 1.5, 1.2 v 1.8 Khi ng mch. Ni u dng ca my o vn nng 1 ch in p DC vo l cm 1.7 v u chung vo 1.3. Ni u dng ca my o vn vng 2 ch in p DC vo l 1.6 v u chung vo 1.9.

iu chnh c in p 1V u vo khng o, hin th trn my 1. Thit lp cho my hin sng nh sau: C s thi gian (timebase): 2ms/div, ch trigger AC, 1 knh. nh v trc vo gia mn hnh hin th CH. 1 Y, h s khch i: 5V/div, u vo DC Ni CH1 ca my hin sng vi l cm 1.16 xem xt u ra Thay i V2 v lu rng u ra li chuyn trng thi. c in p t ng h o 2, in p u vo o khi chuyn mch din ra Gi tr chuyn mch Vin= V (u vo o)

34

2a Ghi li gi tr ca Vin iu chnh V1 u vo khng o c in p bt k. Quan st trng thi chuyn mch ca mch mt ln na khi in p u vo o bng vi in p u vo khng o. 2b Vi in p chun c t vo u vo o, in p bin thin t vo u vo khng o (V1) th in p ra s dng khi in p u vo khng o:

Tho CH1 ca oscilooscope khi l 1.6 Bn s quan st thy rng in p ra ca Op Amp c gi tr lun lun nm gia in p dng v m ca ngun cung cp. in p ra ln nht v nh nht c bit n nh l in p bo ha. in p bo ha thng nh hn t 0.5 n 2V so vi in p ngun cp. Gi chng ta s nghin cu in p bo ha ny vi Op Amp mch in 1. S dng my o vn nng 2 c in p ngun cp dng ( l cm 1.14) v m (l 1.15) v ghi li ct u tin trong bng 1.1

Chuyn u dng ca my vn nng 2 sang l 1.16 V2 v tr gia v iu chnh V1 theo chiu kim ng h in p dng tin ti bo ha. o gi tr in p dng bo ha c hin th trn my o v ghi vo bng 1.1 iu chnh V1 ngc chiu kim ng h o in p m bo ha. Ghi li vo bng 1.1.

2c Ghi li gi tr in p m bo ha vo bng 1.1. Bi 3: Mch khuch i vng kn

35

in p u ra c ly mt phn v a v v u vo o. T , mch khuch i nhn u vo t hai ngun, u vo ngoi qua Rin v phn hi qua Rf. H s khuch i tng c xc nh bng t s gia hai in tr

(du tr biu hin s ngc cc tnh) Mch c phn hi c m t trn c gi l mch khuch i vng kn. S dng cng thc cho v gi tr cc in tr cho trn mch, tnh trc h s khuch i Av:

Gi tr :

3a Tnh trc h s khuch i

36

Ni l cm 1.4 v 1.5, 1.8 v 1.9, 1.10 v 1.11 Khi ng ngun module. Ch : in p V2 a ti u vo o, u vo khng o ni t. Ni my o vn nng 1 ch o in p DC, chn dng ni vo 1.6. chn chung ni 1.3 o in p ra Vout, ghi gi tr o c vo bng 1.2

Tnh gi tr h s:

Vout v ghi vo bng 1.2 Vin

iu chnh li gi tr Vin ti gi tr th 2 cho trong bng 1.2

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c gi tr Vout v ghi gi tr vo bng 1.2, tnh ton v ghi h s khuch i tng ng. Lm tng t nh trn vi cc gi tr Vin cho trong bng. 3b Ghi li gi tr tnh ton ca h s khuch i vi Vin=3.5V 1.4. Chun b ca sinh vin: - c v nghin cu bi th nghim - c v nghin cu l thuyt c lin quan n ni dung bi th nghim - Chun b cc vt dng, giy v ghi chp s liu th nghim - S chun b ca sinh vin phi c thng qua kim tra ca ngi hng dn th nghim. Nu khng t, s khng c tham gia th nghim v c c th nghim tip vo bui khc hay khng s do B mn v Ban ch nhim khoa gii quyt. Phn II. Vit bo co th nghim 2.1. Quy nh chung: Bo co th nghim c vit mt mt trn kh giy A4, ng quyn, ba mm (theo mu .........). Mi sinh vin c mt quyn bo co ring. 2.2. Ni dung bo co: 2.2.1. C s l thuyt Phn tch c s l thuyt nh mc 1.2. 2.2.2. Bo co kt qu th nghim - Tng hp nhng kt qu chnh cho ni dung bo co - Phng php x l kt qu th nghim - Gia cng kt qu, lp bng, v c tnh - Nhn xt kt qu: + Cc kt qu thu c t th nghim + So snh kt qu th nghim vi l thuyt + Mc kt qu t c so vi yu cu ra + nh gi cc sai s ca dng c, thit b th nghim, ngi thao tc... - Kin ngh.
38

Phn III. NH GI CHM IM, BO V TH NGHIM B mn hay tp th hng dn th nghim t chc nh gi im th nghim thng qua la chn mt trong nhng hnh thc sau: - Chm im da trn ni dung bn bo co th nghim ca tng sinh vin - im th nghim ca sinh vin c tng hp theo lp c ch k xc nhn Trng b mn chuyn mn.

TI LIU THAM KHO

[1] Laboratary 3.11 D300 Operational Amplifiers-1, hng LJCREAT. [2] Phm Minh H, K thut mch in t, NXB, KHKT, 1997. [3] PGS. TS Xun Th, ng Vn Chuyt, Nguyn Vit Nguyn, K thut in t, NXB Gio Dc, 2008. [4] B mn K thut in t, Gio trnh K thut in t, Trng i hc K thut Cng Nghip.

39

BI 4 M HNH IU KHIN N NG GIAO THNG

S TIT: 03 TIT

40

NI DUNG TH NGHIM Mc ch th nghim: Gip sinh vin tip xc vi thit b thc t,c th l PLC S7-200, phn mm lp trnh, kt ni gia PLC (thit b iu khin) vi thit b chp hnh. Gip sinh vin bit cch chuyn i t bi ton trn l thuyt sang bi ton thc t trn m hnh kim chng s chnh xc ca bi ton v cc kin thc hc v ng thi gip sinh vin lm quen vi cng vic ca ngi lm k thut. C s l thuyt: Da trn kin thc hc trong cc mn hc c lin quan n mn hc Logic, PLC, (trong bi th nghim s dng PLC S7-200 v phn mm Microwin). Da vo m hnh, yu cu ca bi th nghim tm cc phng hng gii bi ton trn l thuyt ri p dng trn m hnh kim chng. Ni dung th nghim: Gii thiu v thit b th nghim: Cc thit b th nghim bao gm: PLC S7-200 v cc modul I/O c gn sn trn m hnh c sn cc u dy kt ni vi cc thit b ngoi. M hnh h thng n ng giao thng bao gm 4 t hp n (,xanh,vng) hoc m hnh h thng ra xe t t ng. My tnh, c s dng lp trnh chng trnh trn phn mm v kt ni vi PLC. Dy kt ni gia PLC v cc thit b chp hnh. Trnh t cc bc th nghim: Trc khi tin hnh th nghim cn phi tm hiu k cc thit b trong phng th nghim di s hng dn ca gio vin hng dn th nghim. Tin hnh kim tra cc thit b xem c iu g bt thng khng. Tin hnh kt ni dy gia PLC v cc thit b chp hnh (s dng dy cm kt ni dy). Kim tra ngun cp cho PLC v cp ngun cho PLC. S dng my tnh lp trnh v thit lp chng trnh cho PLC,s dng phn mm Microwin lp trnh chng trnhsau a chng trnh lp trnh vo PLC.
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Ch : Trc khi download chng trnh vo PLC th ta phi upload chng trnh t PLC ln trnh trng hp b mt cc chng trnh quan trng trong PLC. Tin hnh upload chng trnh ta lm nh sau: Kt ni PLC vi my tnh,m phn mmMicrowin richn File Upload hoc click vo biu tng mi tn hng ln trn trn thanh cng c. Sau khi Upload xong ta phi lu file vo trong my tnh. Tin hnh Download chng trnh xung PLC Kt ni PLC vi my tnh, m phn mm Microwin ri chn File Download hoc click vo biu tng mi tn hng xung di trn thanh cng c. Cho m hnh chy v quan st kt qu. TH NGHIM M t m hnh bi th nghim: n giao thng l h thng iu khin giao thng thng minh , tin li v rt vn minh ti cc thnh ph, th. Vi s gia tng mt cch chng mt cc th, thnh ph cng nh cc phng tin giao thng th n ng giao thng l mt h thng khng th thiu trong qu trnh lu thng m bo cc phng tin lu thng theo trt t, c bit l cc im giao ct gia cc con ng th cng cn phi c h thng n giao thng. n giao thng thng c t ti cc im giao ct gia cc tuyn ng giao thng c lu lng cc phng tin tham gia giao thng ln iu khin cc phng tin lu thng theo mt trt t nht nh. H thng n ng c iu khin theo chu k v theo thut ton nht nh iu khin cc phng tin giao thng lu thng theo mt quy nh nht nh. Trong bi th nghim ny ta s dng PLC iu khin h thng n iu khin giao thng theo yu cu cho trc. H thng n ng giao thng trong bi th nghim gm 4 t hp n A, A1, B v B1 c lp c t trn m hnh vi v tr ca cc t hp n nh sau:

42

Hnh 1.1 V tr cc ct n Mi t hp n gm 3 n: Xanh,vng v . Mi n u c u dy ch sn kt ni ngun iu khin. Ngun cp cho h thng n l ngun 24VDC (ngun 24VDC c c sn trn m hnh PLC, ta ch cn ni dy sang h thng n l c).

Yu cu ca bi th nghim. Bi ton t ra l iu khin n sng theo m t sau :

Hnh 1.2 Gin thi gian. + Ly mc thi gian l khi h thng bt u hot ng. Khi h thng bt u hot ng th n xanh A v A1 sng trong vng 20s ng thi n B v B1 cng phi sng v thi gian 23s. +Sau 20s th n xanh A, A1 tt ng thi n vng A,A1 phi sng, thi gian sng ca n vng l 3s.

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+Sau 23s n B, B1 tt ng thi n xanh B, B1 sng vi thi gian sng l 20s,n vng A, A1 tt v n A,A1 sng trong vng 23s. +n B,B1 sng ht 20s th phi tt v ng thi n vng B, B1 sng vi thi gian sng l 3s. +n vng B,B1 sng ht 3s th phi tt ng thi n B,B1 sng v n xanh A, A1 sng,qu trnh lp li nh lc bt u khi ng.

Tin hnh th nghim. Kt ni dy gia m hnh n ng giao thng vi PLC (trong bi th nghim ny ta ch cn ni t cc u ra ca PLC Q0.0,Q0.1... ti cc u cc ngun ca n l c, cn u vo I0.0...th ta s dng cc cng tc trn m hnh PLC ON,OFF). Lp trnh, download chng trnh xung PLC. Cho m hnh hot ng v quan st kt qu. Chng trnh tham kho:

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BI 5 M HNH IU KHIN BI RA XE T NG
S TIT: 03 TIT

48

I. M t m hnh bi th nghim: Bi ra xe t ng l m hnh ra xe tin tin c th dng ra sch nhiu loi xe khc nhau t xe con, xe khch cho n xe ti v.v. H thng ra xe l mt h thng hin i c iu khin theo chu k v theo thut ton nht nh iu khin cc chi ra v cc van nc, x phng cng nh thi lm kh mt cch hiu qu nht. Trong bi th nghim ny ta s dng PLC iu khin h thng ra xe t ng theo yu cu cho trc. H thng ra xe t ng trong bi th nghim gm 3 chi ra bn trn, tri v phi. Cc chi ra ny c th va quay va chuyn ng tnh tin. 1 van nc, 1 van x phng v 1 van thi gi lm kh. 1 n nhy bo hiu h thng hot ng. 1 bng ti a xe dc theo h thng ra.
Water Valve Blower Detergent Valve Blinker Top brush

Right brush

Left brush

Conveyor

Hnh 2.1 V tr b tr cc thit b trn m hnh Ngun cp cho h thng n l ngun 24vdc (ngun 24VDC c c sn trn m hnh PLC, ta ch cn ni dy sang h thng l c). II. Yu cu ca bi th nghim. Bi ton t ra l iu khin h thng theo m t sau : a h thng li trng thi ban u ta gi nt Stop t nht 4s. Bng ti v cc chi ra s c a v trng thi ban u tc l cc v tr C4, LB4, TB4, RB5. Ta c th s dng cc cng tc (LB6, LB7), (TB6, TB7),(RB6, RB7) chnh cc v tr ca chi ty theo loi xe ta mun ra (xe con, xe khch, xe ti v.v) Bt u h thng ta bm nt Start. Lc ny n Blinker s nhp nhy bo hiu h thng bt u lm vic. Bng ti s chuyn ng a xe i ti. Sau 10s khi xe trong ng ra th van nc Water valve c m ra. Sau khi x nc c 3s th van x phng Detergent valve cng m ra v ng thi 3 chi ra cng hot ng.
49

Khi cc chi hot ng th chng va quay va chuyn ng tnh tin. Khi chng tin n v tr gii hn th van x phng ng li ng thi cc chi ra cng i ngc tr li. Khi cc chi ra quay v v tr ban u th van nc kha li v van thi gi Blower c m ra. Qu trnh thi lm kh ny kt thc khi bng ti chuyn ng n v tr cui C5. Nu mun bt u li qu trnh ta gi nt Stop t nht 4s a h thng li thi im ban u v thc hin li thao tc. III. Tin hnh th nghim. Kt ni dy gia m hnh ra xe vi. Lp trnh, download chng trnh xung PLC. Cho m hnh hot ng v quan st kt qu. Chng trnh tham kho:

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BI 6 BI TH NGHIM N NH MC - N NH LU LNG
S TIT: 02 TIT

59

Phn I . TH NGHIM Mc nh th nghim Tip cn nhng thit b thc t thng s dng trong cng nghip: Thit b cm bin (p sut, nhit , lu lng, mc), thit b iu khin (bin tn, van iu khin gc m, bm) Phn tch qu trnh hot ng ca mt nh my nhit in v a ra cc bi ton iu khin trong tng qu trnh Lm quen v s dng phn mm gim st v iu khin ca hng ABB iu khin v gim st qu trnh hot ng ca nh my. Kim nh cc kin thc l thuyt v iu khin logic v iu khin qu trnh s dng b iu khin PID v cc b iu khin cp cao khc Phn tch s nh hng ca cc tham s iu khin PID c gim st p ng ca h thng trn th, sau kim chng s ng n p ng trn c s l thuyt hc C s l thuyt - Kin thc c bn v cc loi cm bin (p sut, lu lng , mc, nhit ) Sinh vin phi c kin thc nn tng v DCS Phi c kin thc v iu khin logic khin qu trnh s dng b iu khin PID v cc b iu khin cp cao khc Th nghim 1.3.1 Ni dung an ton th nghim - Ngi thc hin th nghim k c Hng dn vin v sinh vin u phi nm vng cc ni quy an ton do phng th nghim quy nh, thng qua vic hc ni quy c kim tra st hch - Cc thit b th nghim chu s kim sot an ton theo phn cp ca nh nc phi m bo c y bin bn kim nh an ton ca cp c thm quyn.

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TH NGHIM 1 Mc ch bi th nghim Vic n nh mc hay duy tr mc nc trong bao hi, trong bnh nc cp l rt quan trng. n nh mc nc trong bnh nc cp gip nh my nhit in lun lun lng nc cp cho ton h thng, trnh c tnh trng gin on ton h thng do thiu nc cp u vo. Ngoi ra n nh mc nc trong l hi (thc t) hay bnh gia nhit (m hnh) l rt quan trng v n nh hng trc tip n tui th thit b trong nh my i tng iu khin trong m hnh n nh mc nc bnh cp n nh mc nc bnh gia nhit (m hnh) hay l hi (trn thc t)

Hnh 3.1 Nhng i tng trong bi ton iu khin mc * Cc thit b tham gia trong qu trnh iu khin Cc thit b cm bin mc: Cm bin siu m, cm bin chnh pphn hi mc nc chnh p trong bnh Cc thit b cp nc vo bnh: Bm nc (P01, P02) * Phn tch bi ton n nh mc nc bnh cp - n nh lu lng cp nc n nh mc: u vo: Bm nc cp P01
61

u ra: Bm nc P02 bm nc t bnh nc cp ln bnh gia nhit Tn hiu phn hi: Cm bin mc thc t (dng cm bin siu m) n nh lu lng iu khin bin tn iu khin bm P01 Tn hiu phn hi: Cm bin lu lng thc t cp nc v bnh nc cp

Cu trc iu khin Cu trc iu khin mc nc bnh nc cp s dng vng n: Trong cu trc ny s dng mt b iu khin PID iu khin bm 02 cn cc yu t khc coi l nhiu ca h thng

Nhiu SL + _ eL PID Pump_01 Cm bin mc nc bnh nc cp Bnh nc cp

PvL

Phn tch cu trc iu khin : Sinh vin chun b Trnh t tin hnh v xt s nh hng ca b tham s KP, KI, KD Trn mn hnh gim git 3.2 Cu trc iu khin lu lng vo s dng vng n: n nh lu lng l qu trnh n nh lu lng nc cp vo bnh nc cp TK01 nhm m bo nc cp vo bnh gia nhit. n nh lu lng cp khin tc bm P01 thng qua bin tn theo gi tr t trc Cu trc iu khin:
SL eF PID Pump_01 Cm bin lu lng

PvL

Phn tch cu trc iu khin : Sinh vin chun b Trnh t tin hnh v xt s nh hng ca b tham s KP, KI, KD
62

Trn mn hnh gim git Ch : Do i tng iu khin l bm 01 nn trong cng mt thi im ch s dng 1 vng iu khin (iu khin mc hoc iu khin lu lng).

Cu trc iu khin Cascade kt hp iu khin mc v lu lng: S dng b iu khin PID Cascade iu khin mc v lu lng. B iu gm 2 mch vng iu khin lng nhau, trong vng iu khin lu lng bn trong (tc ng nhanh) v vng iu khin mc bn ngoi (tc ng chm hn)
Master controller Lref eL Level controller Lref ef Slave controller Water Flow control Sensor lu lng Pum_0 1

Level Tank Water Supply

Phn tch cu trc iu khin : Sinh vin chun b Trnh t tin hnh v xt s nh hng ca b tham s KP, KI, KD Trn mn hnh gim git Bt bm 01: Kch chut tri vo biu tng bm 1

Biu iu khin bm 1 hin ra nh sau:

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Chn ch : Bng tay ri bt bm, sau chuyn sang ch t ng Bt iu khin Cascade mc bnh cp: Click tri chut vo biu tng khung hin th s di bm 1

Bng iu khin Cascade xut hin nh sau: Ch thng Ch m rng

ngha cc tap iu khin khc

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Tham kho hot ng vi b tham s PID nh sau:

Vi sai lch gia gi tr t v gi tr thc khong 10% th tc p ng khong 5 pht Vi mt lng ti (m van tay khong 35%) th qu iu chnh (sai lch so vi gi tr t) khong 1.4%

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Sau khi tham kho hot ng ca h thng b tham s PID trn : Sinh vin thay i cc tham s KP (Gain), KI (Ti), KD(Td) v theo di p ng ca h thng vi tng thay i trn th. Sinh vin c th kim tra hot ng ca tng vng PID (vng n nh lu lng hay vng n nh mc nc) Kim chng li cc kin thc l thuyt hc trn lp sau a ra kt lun v hot ng ca b iu khin PID. Bng theo di nh hng ca b tham s iu khin PID. (Sinh vin theo di v ghi li) Tham s p ng th Kim chng l thuyt Kt lun

Tng P (Gain)

Gim P(Gain)

Tng I (Ti)
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Gim I (Ti)

Tng D (Td)

Gim D (Td)

* Phn tch bi ton n nh mc bnh gia nhit u vo : Bm nc cp P02 u ra : Lng nc bc hi Tn hiu phn hi : Cm bin mc nc thc t (cm bin chnh p) * Vi bi ton ny ta c th xy dng 2 cu trc iu khin: Cu trc iu khin vng n: S dng b iu khin PID Loop Cu trc iu khin Cascade: Kt hp iu khin mc nc bnh gia nhit v iu khin p sut bao hi.

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3.4 Cu trc iu khin mc nc bnh gia nhit s dng vng n Trong cu trc ny s dng b iu khin PID iu khin bm 02 cn cc yu t khc coi l nhiu ca h thng.
V1 SL + _ eL PID Pump_01 Cm bin mc nc bnh gia nhit

PvL

Phn tch cu trc iu khin : Sinh vin chun b Trnh t tin hnh v xt s nh hng ca b tham s KP, KI, KD

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BI 7 BI TON N NH NHIT CP NC
S TIT: 02 TIT

69

1 Mc nh bi th nghim: Bi ton n nh nhit ni chung l mt bi ton thng gp trong cng nghip. Sinh vin thng qua m hnh th nghim ny s phn tch v hiu nguyn l iu khin n nh nhit . 2 i tng iu khin trong m hnh:

* Cc i tng iu khin trong m hnh iu khin n nh nhit B phn gia nhit: Trong m hnh s dng hi nc c nhit cao gia nhit B phn iu khin gia nhit: S dng van iu khin gc m (CV02) iu khin lng hi i gia nhit
t u * Phn tch bi ton iu khin n nh nhit nc cp trong m hnh y Trong m hnh: iu khin nhit nc cp ta c th iu khin cc tham s n nh lu lng nc cp t bnh nc cp ln ni hi gia nhit bng cch thay i tc tr ca bm s 2, hay lng hi phn hi t ni hi bng cch iu khin gc m van iu u khin CV02, khi gc m van tng th lng hi phn hi tng v lm tng nhit nc y cp v ni hi, ngc li khi gc m gim th lng hi phn hi gim v lm gim nhit nc cp. n t c a k 70 h u c Tn hiu nhit phn hi: Cm bin nhit

c h i t 3 Cu trc iu khin khit cp nc h u S dng b iu khin PIDLoop iu khin gc m van CV02 (van iu khin lng hi gia nhit). Trong m hnh ny th ch iu khin duy nht gc m van t CV02 cn cc yu t khc coi nh l nhiu. y cng l cc nhiu thng gp trong t o cng nghip. Lu n lng nc 0 lnh B gia nhit SL + eT + u nc cp _ PID Valve_02 v PvL Cm bin nhit nc cp E
c Phn tch cu trc iu khin : Sinh vin chun b

Trnh t tin hnh v xt s nh hng ca b tham s KP, KI, KD E Trn mn hnh gim st
c

Bt bng iu khin PID Loop, iu khin gc m van CV02 u v o k h Ch m rng n g o u v o o U

-

Bt bng iu khin hin ra nh sau: Ch thng

ngha cc tap khc:

rm ax

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B tham s PID tham kho:

Do i tng nhit nc cp l i tng bin thin chm, ng thi ph thuc vo lu lng nc cp, lng hi gia nhit. Cc tc ng ny cng l cc tc ng gin tip nn p ng iu khin chm. Xt lu lng nc qua khng i (Bm 2 bm vi tc iu khin ca bin tn 5Hz) th nhit nc cp n nh khong 850C

72

BI 8 LP TRNH H THNG NHNG GIAO TIP THIT B NGOI VI C BN

S TIT: 02 TIT

73

Phn I. TH NGHIM
1.1. Mc ch th nghim:

Gip sinh vin cng c cc kin thc v thit k v lp trnh cho h vi iu khin (trn nn PIC) ng thi tip cn vi mt mi trng thit k tch hp chuyn nghip l phn mm PIC C Compile v phn mm m phng Proteus. Lp trnh c ADC, hin th LCD, iu khin tc ng c theo gi tr ADC c c. Gip Sinh vin chuyn i t duy t kin thc l thuyt n tip cn vi kin thc thc t. Gip cho SV hiu r c th nghim l mt b phn cng vic ca ngi lm cng tc khoa hc k thut.
1.2. C s l thuyt:

H thng nhng l mt h thng tch hp c phn cng v phn mm nhng. Phn cng l h thng vi iu khin PIC v thit b ngoi vi. Phn mm nhng dng ngn ng C, bin dch trn nn PIC C compile. Trong bi ny, chng ta thit k phn mm nhng, da trn nn phn cng nhng c, theo s khi sau y:
Hin th trng thi

Cm bin

B iu khin trung tm

H thng chp hnh

Trong : H thng chp hnh l ng c DC v mch khuch i cng sut cho ng c . Hin th trng thi l mt module LCD16x2, dng hin th tt c trng thi ca h thng Cm bin l b phn chun ha tn hiu t phn phn hi ca h thng chp hnh a v b iu khin trung tm. B iu khin trung tm, l phn quan trng nht ca h thng; l ni phn mm nhng vo, th hin thut ton ca chng ta. thc hin tt bi th nghim, chng ta cn chun b trc cc kin thc c bn sau y: Cu trc my tnh nhng, vi iu khin, mch logic c bn, mch khuch i, mch lc, LCD, cm bin, ADC,...

74

Ngn ng lp trnh C cho PIC (CCS C). Cc kin thc v tp lnh, cu trc r nhnh, vng lp, khai bo chng trnh con, bin, hng, mng,... 1.3. Th nghim: 1.3.1. Ni quy an ton th nghim: - Ngi thc hin th nghim k c Hng dn vin v sinh vin phi nm vng cc ni quy an ton do phng th nghim quy nh, thng qua vic hc ni quy c kim tra st hch. - Cc thit b th nghim chu s kim sot an ton theo phn cp ca nh nc phi m bo c y bin bn kim nh an ton ca cp c thm quyn. V d: Thit b in cao th (trn 1 kV), cc thit b p lc, cht ha hc c bit... 1.3.2. Ni dung bi th nghim: Lm quen phn mm PIC C Compile, Proteus Thit k phn cng h thng nhng trn Proteus, p ng bi ton Giao tip thit b ngoi vi c bn: LCD, iu khin ng c, mch tng t (ly tn hiu ADC). To mt project mi trn CCS Lp trnh phn mm nhng, p ng c bi ton. Np vo mch tht Kim tra hot ng v nh gi kt qu 1.3.3. Phng php v cch thc th nghim: Gii thiu thit b v dng c th nghim

Phn nhm th nghim

75

S hay cch thc tin hnh TN Thit k phn cng h thng nhng trn mi trng m phng Proteus:
LCD1
LM016L

DISPLAY
RS RW E 4 5 6 RS E D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D4 D5 D6 D7 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

ADC input
LDR1
TORCH_LDR

EMBEDED CONTROLLER
U1
13 14 LDR_Ai 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 OSC1/CLKIN OSC2/CLKOUT RA0/AN0 RA1/AN1 RA2/AN2/VREF-/CVREF RA3/AN3/VREF+ RA4/T0CKI/C1OUT RA5/AN4/SS/C2OUT RC0/T1OSO/T1CKI RE0/AN5/RD RC1/T1OSI/CCP2 RE1/AN6/WR RC2/CCP1 RE2/AN7/CS RC3/SCK/SCL RC4/SDI/SDA MCLR/Vpp/THV RC5/SDO RC6/TX/CK RC7/RX/DT RD0/PSP0 RD1/PSP1 RD2/PSP2 RD3/PSP3 RD4/PSP4 RD5/PSP5 RD6/PSP6 RD7/PSP7 PIC16F877A RB0/INT RB1 RB2 RB3/PGM RB4 RB5 RB6/PGC RB7/PGD 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 15 16 17 18 23 24 25 26 19 20 21 22 27 28 29 30 Forward Backward Forw-Back 0-0: Stop 1-0: Forward 0-1: Backward 1-1: Disable (Do not use) D4 D5 D6 D7 RS E

1 2 3

VSS VDD VEE

MOTOR CONTROL
LCD1
LM016L
Q1
Forward 2N2222 Backward

Q3

DISP
Forward

LDR_Ai LDR_Ai

2N2222

VSS VDD VEE

RV1
50%

Q4

RS RW E

Q2

Backward

2N2222

50k

1 2 3

4 5 6

RS

Hnh 1. Phn cng h thng nhng m phng trn Proteus

ADC input
LDR1
TORCH_LDR

EMBEDED CONTROL
U1
13 14 LDR_Ai 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 OSC1/CLKIN OSC2/CLKOUT RA0/AN0 RA1/AN1 RA2/AN2/VREF-/CVREF RA3/AN3/VREF+ RA4/T0CKI/C1OUT RA5/AN4/SS/C2OUT RC0/T1OSO/T1CKI RE0/AN5/RD RC1/T1OSI/CCP2 RE1/AN6/WR RC2/CCP1 RE2/AN7/CS RC3/SCK/SCL RC4/SDI/SDA MCLR/Vpp/THV RC5/SDO RC6/TX/CK RC7/RX/DT RD0/PSP0 RD1/PSP1 RD2/PSP2 RD3/PSP3 RD4/PSP4 RD5/PSP5 RD6/PSP6 RD7/PSP7 PIC16F877A RB0/INT RB1 RB2 RB3/PGM RB4 RB5 RB6/PGC RB7/PGD 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 15 16 17 18 23 24 25 26 19 20 21 22 27 28 29 30 Forward Backward D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5

LDR_Ai LDR_Ai

RV1
50%

D4 D5 D6 D7

7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
2N2222

D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7

50k

Forw-Back 0-0: Stop 1-0: Forward 0-1: Backward 1-1: Disable (Do

Hnh 2. Phn cng h thng nhng Mch ADC

76

LCD1
LM016L

LCD1
LM016L

DISPLAY
D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7

DISPLAY

VSS VDD VEE 1 2 3

VSS 4 VDD 5 VEE 6

RS RW E

RS RW E 4 5 6

RS 2

RS

ADC input
LDR1

Hnh 3. Phn cng h thng nhng Mch hin th

U1
13 14 LDR_Ai 2 3 4 5 6 7 OSC1/CLKIN OSC2/CLKOUT RB0/INT RB1 RB2 RB3/PGM RB4 RB5 RB6/PGC RB7/PGD 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5

EMBEDED CONTROLLER
RA0/AN0 RA1/AN1 RA2/AN2/VREF-/CVREF RA3/AN3/VREF+ RA4/T0CKI/C1OUT RA5/AN4/SS/C2OUT 13 RC0/T1OSO/T1CKI OSC1/CLKIN 14 RE0/AN5/RD RC1/T1OSI/CCP2 OSC2/CLKOUT RE1/AN6/WR RC2/CCP1 RE2/AN7/CS RC3/SCK/SCL 2 RC4/SDI/SDA RA0/AN0 3 MCLR/Vpp/THV RC5/SDO RA1/AN1 RC6/TX/CK 4 RA2/AN2/VREF-/CVREF RC7/RX/DT 5

D4 D5 D6 D7

9 10 11 12 13 14

D4 D5 7 D6 8 D7

D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7

7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

MOTOR CONTR
Q1

DC input
TORCH_LDR LDR_Ai LDR_Ai

EMBEDED CONTROLLER
U1
Forward 8 9 10 1 15 16 RB0/INT 17 RB1 18 RB2 23 RB3/PGM 24 RB4 25 26 RB5

MOTO
2N2222

LDR_Ai

LDR1
50k

RV1

50%

ORCH_LDR

LDR_Ai LDR_Ai

RA3/AN3/VREF+ RD0/PSP0 RA4/T0CKI/C1OUT RD1/PSP1 Backward RA5/AN4/SS/C2OUT 21 RD2/PSP2 Forw-Back15 22 RC0/T1OSO/T1CKI RD3/PSP3 8 0-0: Stop 16 RE0/AN5/RD RD4/PSP4 27 RC1/T1OSI/CCP2 1-0: Forward 28 9 17 RD5/PSP5 RE1/AN6/WR RC2/CCP1 0-1: Backward 29 10 18 RD6/PSP6 RE2/AN7/CS RC3/SCK/SCL 1-1: Disable (Do not use) 30 RD7/PSP7 23 RC4/SDI/SDA 1 24 PIC16F877A MCLR/Vpp/THV RC5/SDO 25 RC6/TX/CK 26 RC7/RX/DT 6 7 RD0/PSP0 RD1/PSP1 RD2/PSP2 RD3/PSP3 RD4/PSP4 RD5/PSP5 RD6/PSP6 RD7/PSP7 PIC16F877A 19 20 21 22 27 28 29 30 Forward Backward

33 34 35 36 37 38 39 RB6/PGC 19 40 Forward RB7/PGD 20

D4 D5 D6 D7 RS E
Backward

Q2 Forward
2N2222

Backward

Forw-Back 0-0: Stop 1-0: Forward 0-1: Backward 1-1: Disable (Do not use)

Hnh 4. Phn cng h thng nhng iu khin trung tm

77

OLLER

MOTOR CONTROL
Q3 Q1
Forward 2N2222 Backward

2N2222

Q4 Q2
Backward 2N2222 Forward

ard ward

ck 2N2222

ard ward ble (Do not use)

Hnh 5. Phn cng h thng nhng M phng ng c v mch iu khin cng sut.

78

Trnh t tin hnh th nghim

La chn cc linh kin t panel Libraries v a vo s theo bng sau: K hiu

U1
13 14 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 OSC1/CLKIN OSC2/CLKOUT RB0/INT RB1 RB2 RB3/PGM RB4 RB5 RB6/PGC RB7/PGD 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 15 16 17 18 23 24 25 26 19 20 21 22 27 28 29 30

Tn linh kin

Gii thch

S lng

RA0/AN0 RA1/AN1 RA2/AN2/VREF-/CVREF RA3/AN3/VREF+ RA4/T0CKI/C1OUT RA5/AN4/SS/C2OUT RC0/T1OSO/T1CKI RE0/AN5/RD RC1/T1OSI/CCP2 RE1/AN6/WR RC2/CCP1 RE2/AN7/CS RC3/SCK/SCL RC4/SDI/SDA MCLR/Vpp/THV RC5/SDO RC6/TX/CK RC7/RX/DT RD0/PSP0 RD1/PSP1 RD2/PSP2 RD3/PSP3 RD4/PSP4 RD5/PSP5 RD6/PSP6 RD7/PSP7

PIC16F877A

Vi iu khin

PIC16F877A LCD1
LM016L

VSS VDD VEE

LM016L
RS RW E 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7

1 2 3

Mn hnh hin th trng thi h thng

MOTOR
RV1

ng c

Pot-HG
1k

Bin tr

LDR1
TORCH_LDR

Quang TORCH_LDR tr, gi lp tn hiu u vo

Q1
2N2222

2N2222

Tranzitor

79

Thit k mch nh hnh Hnh 1. Phn cng h thng nhng m phng trn Proteus. To D n nhng: Vit m ngun nh sau: #include "ADC_LCD_Moto control.h" #define use_portb_lcd TRUE #include <LCD.C>

#define Forward_pin PIN_D0 #define Backward void main() { int16 AD,k; const int16 Tmax=1024; setup_adc_ports(AN0_AN1_AN3); setup_adc(ADC_CLOCK_INTERNAL); setup_psp(PSP_DISABLED); setup_spi(SPI_SS_DISABLED); setup_timer_0(RTCC_INTERNAL|RTCC_DIV_1); setup_timer_1(T1_DISABLED); setup_timer_2(T2_DISABLED,0,1); setup_comparator(NC_NC_NC_NC); setup_vref(FALSE); lcd_init(); PIN_D1

set_adc_channel(0); set_tris_d(0);output_d(0);
80

while(1){ AD=read_adc();//0..1023 lcd_gotoxy(1,1); printf(LCD_PUTC, "ADC=%4lu",AD); lcd_gotoxy(1,2); printf(LCD_PUTC, "Volt=%5.2f",(float)AD/205); for(k=0;k<100;k++){ output_high(Forward_pin);delay_us(AD); output_low(Forward_pin); delay_us(Tmax-AD); } } } Np vo Mch m phng, kim tra kt qu. Np vo mch tht, kim chng kt qu c trng khp vi mnh mong mun hay khng.
1.4. Ghi chp s liu, kt qu th nghim 1.5. Chun b ca sinh vin:

- c v nghin cu bi th nghim - c v nghin cu l thuyt c lin quan n ni dung bi th nghim - Chun b cc vt dng, giy v ghi chp s liu th nghim - Sinh vin t thit k v phn tch cho cc mch sau trc khi i th nghim: Mch nhp nhy 8 LED (mt ngi c th thy s nhp nhy) LED sng dch chuyn t tri sang phi, ti mi thi im ch c mt LED sng LED sng dch chuyn t phi sang tri, ti mi thi im ch c mt LED sng 4 LED thp v 4 LED cao thay nhau sng lun phin LED sng ta t gia ra hai bn, ti mi thi im ch c hai LED sng LED sng t hai bn vo gia, ti mi thi im ch c hai LED sng Nu gi phm SW1, th 8 LED hin th gi tr m tng ca s 8 bit, nh phm th LED tt.
81

m s ln bm phm SW5, hin th kt qu ln 8 LED n. Ch mt LED tri t tri sang phi, nu bm nt SW4 th s reset li mch c ADC, hin th kt qu ln LCD c nt bm hin th v tr nt bm ln LCD. c ADC, iu khin ng c theo gi tr t bng bin tr. Thit k ng h s: c gi tr thi gian thc, hin th ln LCD . - Mch my tnh nhng, phn lp trnh nhng. - S chun b ca sinh vin phi c thng qua kim tra ca ngi hng dn th nghim. Nu khng t, s khng c tham gia th nghim v c c th nghim tip vo bui khc hay khng s do B mn v Ban ch nhim khoa gii quyt.

82

Phn II. VIT BO CO TH NGHIM 2.1. Quy nh chung: Bo co th nghim c vit mt mt trn kh giy A4, ng quyn, ba mm (theo mu .........). Mi sinh vin c mt quyn bo co ring. 2.2. Ni dung bo co: 2.2.1. C s l thuyt Phn tch c s l thuyt nh mc 1.2. 2.2.2. Bo co kt qu th nghim Mi sinh vin (nhm sinh vin) thit k 01 mch (s nguyn l, phn lp trnh nhng) ngu nhin c chun b trc mc 1.4, trn phn mm Proteus v PICC Compile. Tng hp nhng kt qu chnh cho ni dung bo co Phn tch s nguyn l, m lnh Lp bng trng thi u vo, u ra (nu c) Nhn xt kt qu: + Cc kt qu thu c t th nghim + So snh kt qu th nghim vi l thuyt + Mc kt qu t c so vi yu cu ra + nh gi cc sai s ca dng c, thit b th nghim, ngi thao tc... - Kin ngh. Phn III. NH GI CHM IM, BO V TH NGHIM B mn hay tp th hng dn th nghim t chc nh gi im th nghim thng qua la chn mt trong nhng hnh thc sau: - Chm im da trn ni dung bn bo co th nghim ca tng sinh vin - Chm im theo hnh thc bo v vn p. im th nghim ca sinh vin c tng hp theo lp c ch k xc nhn Trng b mn chuyn mn.

83

PH LC I V li cc mch in di y theo nhng yu cu sau: V mch nguyn l Quan st tn hiu ti cc im c bit trn mch in: u ra, u vo In kt qu cc yu cu thc hin trn kp vo bo co thc hnh Bi 1:
0

XFG1
1

V2 15 V

7 3

U1 R3 1.0k
7

V3
8 2 4

6 2 4
3

C1
5

2 V R2 1.0k

741-DIV V1 15 V D2 3.6 V

1.0uF R1 10k
0

D1 DIODE_VIRTUAL
0

Bi 2:
VCC 5V
VCC

VCC RST DS I THR O UT

9 10

V2 15 V

7 3

50k R1
4 2

U1 R5 1.0k

TRI CO N G ND

V3
14 12

6 2 4
11

13

17

Ur a

D1 1BH62 50k R2

555_VIRTUAL Timer 100 Rl 10nF Cf

0

C3 1.0uF R6 10k
0 15

2 V R4 1.0k

741-DIV V1 15 V D3 3.6 V

D2 DIODE_VIRTUAL
0

200nF C

84

Bi 3:
V1
1 0

12 V R5 900 R1 150k
7

C2 10uF
6

C1 V2
2

Q1

10uF 750mV 60 Hz 0Deg

3

2N3904
4

R6 1k

R2 100k

R3 220
5

R4 250
0

C3 100uF

Bi 4
1 D1 R1 560
3

U1 R2 330 7 Q1 2 2N2712 10 D2 5V U5 1k J1 U2 1k 4 Key = A X1 15 V 6 X2 15 V

V1 10 V 50 Hz 0Deg

1B4B42

C1 1000uF-POL

Bi 5:

VCC 5V

X8

X1

X2

X3

X4

X5

X6

X7

2.5 V 2.5 V 2.5 V 2.5 V 2.5 V 2.5 V 2.5 V 2.5 V J1

9

U1 Key = B
10

1 2 3 6 4 5

A B C G 1 ~ 2A G ~ 2B G

J2
11 VCC 0

VCC 0

Y0 Y1 Y2 Y3 Y4 Y5 Y6 Y7

15 14 13 12 11 10 9 7

Key = V J3

74LS138D VCC 5V

Key = C

85

Bi 6:

X1 2.5 V VCC VCC 5V

VCC

X2 2.5 V VCC 5V 5V U1A U3A

3
2

X3 2.5 V VCC 5V U4A

3
4

X4 2.5 V

VCC 5V U5A

J1

1
3 VCC

1J 1CLK 1K

1Q

1
VCC 12

1 12 4
VCC 13

1J 1CLK 1K

1Q

1J 1CLK 1K

1Q

1 12
VCC 4

1J 1CLK 1K

1Q

12 4 13

~ 1Q

4 13

~ 1Q

~ 1Q

~ 1Q

Key = Space
0

~ 1CLR

~ 1CLR

~ 1CLR

13

~ 1CLR

74LS107N

74LS107D

74LS107D

74LS107D

Bi 7:
X1 VCC 5V
VCC 4

X2 2.5 V 2.5 V
5

X3 2.5 V
6

X4 2.5 V

J3

Key = S U1A
14 1 3 1J 1CLK 1K ~ 1CLR 1Q ~ 1Q 12 13
8

U3A 7408N U2B

14 1J 1 1CLK 3 1K 2 ~ 1CLR 1Q ~ 1Q 12 13

U4A 7408N U2A

9

U5A 7408N U1B

10

VCC 5V J2

14 1 3
1

1J 1CLK 1K ~ 1CLR

1Q ~ 1Q

12 13

14 1J 1 1CLK 3 1K 2 ~ 1CLR

1Q ~ 1Q

12 13

7473N

7473N

7473N

7473N VCC 5V

VCC 0

Key = Space
11

J4

VCC

Key = A

86

Bi 8:
X5 2.5 V
11

X6 2.5 V
13

X7 2.5 V
15

X8 2.5 V

U2C 7408J

U3B 7408J
12 14

U5B 7408J

10

U2A 7408J

U2B 7408J

U2D 7408J

U4D 7408J

X1 VCC 5V
VCC 0

2.5 V J1
4

U1A U1B U1C U1D 7404N 7404N 7404N 7404N

Key = A

X2 2.5 V

VCC 5V
VCC 0

J2

Key = B VCC 5V
VCC 0

X3 2.5 V

J3 X4 2.5 V

Key = C VCC 5V
VCC 0

J4

Key = D

87

PH LC II Bi 1:
0

XFG1
1

V2 15 V

7 3

U1 R3 1.0k
7

V3
8 2 4

6 2 4
3

C1
5

2 V R2 1.0k

741-DIV V1 15 V D2 3.6 V

1.0uF R1 10k
0

D1 DIODE_VIRTUAL
0

Yu cu: Mch in loi 2 lp. Cc nt v ngun rng 1mm, cc nt cn li c rng 0,6mm Khong cch gia dy tn hiu l 0,3 mm Ph mt cho c lp trn v lp di ca mch in.

Bi 2:
VCC 5V
VCC

VCC RST DS I TH R OT U
9 10

V2 15 V

7 3

50k R1
4 2

U1 R5 1.0k

TRI CO N GD N

V3
14 12

6 2 4
11

13

17

Ur a

D1 1BH62 50k R2

555_VIRTUAL Timer 100 Rl 10nF Cf

0

C3 1.0uF R6 10k
0 15

2 V R4 1.0k

741-DIV V1 15 V D3 3.6 V

D2 DIODE_VIRTUAL
0

200nF C

88

Yu cu: Mch in loi 1 lp. Cc nt v ngun rng 1mm, cc nt cn li c rng 0,5mm Khong cch gia dy tn hiu l 0,35 mm Ph mt cho lp trn mch in.

Bi 3:
V1
1 0

12 V R5 900 R1 150k
7

C2 10uF
6

C1 V2
2

Q1

10uF 750mV 60 Hz 0Deg

3

2N3904
4

R6 1k

R2 100k

R3 220
5

R4 250
0

C3 100uF

Yu cu: Mch in loi 2 lp. Cc nt v ngun rng 0.9mm, cc nt cn li c rng 0,6mm Khong cch gia dy tn hiu l 0,3 mm Ph mt cho lp di ca mch in.

89

Bi 4
1 D1 R1 560
3

U1 R2 330 7 Q1 2 2N2712 10 D2 5V U5 1k J1 U2 1k 4 Key = A X1 15 V 6 X2 15 V

V1 10 V 50 Hz 0Deg

1B4B42

C1 1000uF-POL

Yu cu: Mch in loi 2 lp. Cc nt v ngun rng 1mm, cc nt cn li c rng 0,6mm Khong cch gia dy tn hiu l 0,3 mm Ph mt cho c lp trn v lp di ca mch in. Bi 5:

VCC 5V

X8

X1

X2

X3

X4

X5

X6

X7

2.5 V 2.5 V 2.5 V 2.5 V 2.5 V 2.5 V 2.5 V 2.5 V J1

9

U1 Key = B
10

1 2 3 6 4 5

A B C G 1 ~ 2A G ~ 2B G

J2
11 VCC 0

VCC 0

Y0 Y1 Y2 Y3 Y4 Y5 Y6 Y7

15 14 13 12 11 10 9 7

Key = V J3

74LS138D VCC 5V

Key = C

Yu cu: Mch in loi 1 lp. Cc nt v ngun rng 0.9mm, cc nt cn li c rng 0,6mm Khong cch gia dy tn hiu l 0,25 mm Ph mt cho lp di ca mch in.
90

Bi 6:
X1 2.5 V VCC VCC 5V
VCC

X2 2.5 V VCC 5V 5V U1A U3A

3
2

X3 2.5 V VCC 5V U4A

3
4

X4 2.5 V

VCC 5V U5A

J1

1
3 VCC

1J 1CLK 1K

1Q

1
VCC 12

1 12 4
VCC 13

1J 1CLK 1K

1Q

1J 1CLK 1K

1Q

1 12
VCC 4

1J 1CLK 1K

1Q

12 4 13

~ 1Q

4 13

~ 1Q

~ 1Q

~ 1Q

Key = Space
0

~ 1CLR

~ 1CLR

~ 1CLR

13

~ 1CLR

74LS107N

74LS107D

74LS107D

74LS107D

Yu cu: Mch in loi 1 lp. Cc nt v ngun rng 1mm, cc nt cn li c rng 0,5mm Khong cch gia dy tn hiu l 0,3 mm Ph mt cho lp trn ca mch in.

Bi 7:
X1 VCC 5V
VCC 4

X2 2.5 V 2.5 V
5

X3 2.5 V
6

X4 2.5 V

J3

Key = S U1A
14 1 3 1J 1CLK 1K ~ 1CLR 1Q ~ 1Q 12 13
8

U3A 7408N U2B

14 1J 1 1CLK 3 1K 2 ~ 1CLR 1Q ~ 1Q 12 13

U4A 7408N U2A

9

U5A 7408N U1B

10

VCC 5V J2

14 1 3
1

1J 1CLK 1K ~ 1CLR

1Q ~ 1Q

12 13

14 1J 1 1CLK 3 1K 2 ~ 1CLR

1Q ~ 1Q

12 13

7473N

7473N

7473N

7473N VCC 5V

VCC 0

Key = Space
11

J4

VCC

Key = A

Yu cu: Mch in loi 2 lp. Cc nt v ngun rng 1mm, cc nt cn li c rng 0,6mm Khong cch gia dy tn hiu l 0,3 mm Ph mt cho c lp trn v lp di ca mch in.
91