Chuong 3

dce
2010
H iu hnh T-kernel
Tng quan v h thng Lp T-Kernel Lp cc chng trnh ng dng Lp T-Monitor Bin dch v lin kt chng trnh chy trn T-Kernel Cu trc mt trnh ng dng v cc hm qun l tc v Qun l thit b v giao tip qun l thit b Load Bitmap Keyboard/Pointer Device Cc hm qun l s kin
BK
TP.HCM
dce
2010
Tng quan h thng T-kernel
3 thnh phn chnh

T-kernel Operating System T-kernel System Manager T-kernel Debugger Support
Data Communication and Computer Networks 2008, Dr. Dinh Duc Anh Vu 2
dce
2010
T-Kernel/OS
Hm iu khin task Hm giao tip gia cc task Hm qun l b nh Hm qun l cc Exception/interrupt Hm qun l thi gian Hm qun l Subsystem
Embedded system
2010, Phan Dinh Khoi
dce
2010
T-Kernel/SM
Hm qun l b nh ca h thng Hm qun l khng gian a ch Hm qun l cc thit b Hm qun l cc Interrupt Hm h tr truy xut I/O Hm qun l ngun Hm qun l cc thng tin cu hnh ca h thng
2010, Phan Dinh Khoi 4
Embedded system
dce
2010
T-Kernel/DS
Hm tham kho cc trng thi bn trong ca Kernel Trace
Embedded system
dce
2010
Lp cc chng trnh ng dng

Phn mm Monitor-based
Chy trong mi trng khng c MMU S dng tt c ti nguyn phn cng ngoi tr ti nguyn T-Monitor ang s dng Khng s dng cc chc nng ca T-Kernel Ch yu test phn cng, debug firmware
Phn mm T-Kernel-based
Chy trong mi trng c s dng MMU Thng tr trong b nh h thng c ti bi lnh lodspg Gii phng khi b nh bi lnh unlspg Phn ln chng trnh ng dng dng ny
Phn mm process-based
Chy dng T-Kernel Extension process Khng trc tip s dng cc hm ca T-Kernel
Embedded system 2010, Phan Dinh Khoi 6
dce
2010
Lp ng dng
Embedded system
dce
2010
T-Monitor
Chng trnh gim st c bn, thng tr trong ROM Cung cp cc hm
H thng
Khi to phn cng, khi ng h thng
Debug
Truy xut b nh, thanh ghi, I/O Disassembly Breakpoint, trace
H tr chng trnh
dce
2010
T-Monitor: hm h thng
Khi to phn cng
Khi ng cc phn cng c bn khi boot Chn on li phn cng
Khi ng h thng
Tm a boot hoc boot t ROM Ch lnh nhp nu h thng ang ch khi ng monitor
iu khin exception/interrupt/trap
Nm gi bng vector
dce
2010
Bin dch v lin kt chng trnh T-Kernel

Cu trc th mc
Embedded system
10
dce
2010

Cu trc th mc
Embedded system
11
dce
2010

Cu trc th mc
Embedded system
12
dce
2010

Makefile
Cng c trnh bin dch li file m ngun khng c thay i Install/uninstall/configure chng trnh Xy dng makefile i khi rt phc tp, tng t nh vit 1 chng trnh Trn T-engine ta ch cn chnh sa mt makefile c sn ph hp vi chng trnh ng dng ca mnh
Embedded system
13
dce
2010

Cu trc Makefile
Embedded system
14
dce
2010
Mt s kiu d liu nh ngha trong T-Kernel
Embedded system
15
dce
2010
Embedded system
16
dce
2010
Embedded system
17
dce
2010
Cu trc chng trnh ng dng
Embedded system
18
dce
2010
Cu trc chng trnh ng dng
Embedded system
19
dce
2010
Khi nim
task
n v lun l c bn ca mt chng trnh ang thc thi Chng trnh c 1 task thc thi tun t Chng trnh c 2 task tr ln th cc task thc thi song song Mi task c u tin ban u v u tin hin ti Mi task c 2 vng stack: stack h thng v stack ngi dng
Dispatcher
Chuyn i s thc thi gia cc task
Scheduler
Quyt nh task no s c thc thi k tip Hin thc trong phn x l system call hay trong dispatcher
dce
2010
Khi nim
Cc trng thi h thng
Embedded system
21
dce
2010
Khi nim
Cc trng thi h thng
Transient
Cc system call ca OS ang c thc thi Khng c ngt qung gia chng Ngi dng khng thy c cc trng thi bn trong
Task-independent portion
Cc trnh x l interrupt/event ang thc thi Interrupt lun c u tin cao hn cc task Khng cho php chuyn i thc thi gia cc task khi ang trong trng thi ny V d: interrupt lng nhau
dce
2010
Khi nim
Cc trng thi h thng
Task-independent portion
Embedded system
23
dce
2010
Khi nim
Cc trng thi h thng
Quasi-task portion
Cc trnh x l SVC m rng, cc system call m rng ang thc thi Cc trnh x l ny khng i hi u tin cao hn task Qu trnh chuyn i thc thi ca task xy ra bnh thng
Embedded system
24
dce
2010
Cc trng thi ca task
Embedded system
25
dce
2010
Cc trng thi ca task
Embedded system
26
dce
2010
tk_cre_tsk

Cc hm qun l task
ID tskid = tk_cre_tsk ( T_CTSK * pk_ctsk ); Khi to 1 task, gn 1 ID cho n Cp pht TCB (Task Control Block) Task c to ra trng thi DORMANT Tr v: ID task hoc m li (tham kho ti liu) Mt s thng s quan trng ca T_CTSK:
VP exinf Extended information
Thng s do ngi dng t thm vo PRCTSK_EXINF nu mun truy xut file trong task
ATR tskatr Task attributes

Mi thuc tnh l 1 bit TA_ASM||TA_HLNG: chng trnh vit bng ASM/ngn ng cp cao TA_RNG0||TA_RNG1||TA_RNG2||TA_RNG3: cp bo v b nh ca task TA_FPU: task c s dng b FPU
PRI itskpri u tin ban u ca task

C th thay i trong lc thc thi 1- 140 theo u tin gim dn
INT stksz Kch thc user stack OS cp cho task (bytes) FP task Con tr ch n hm hin thc task
dce
2010
Cc hm qun l task
tk_cre_tsk
Embedded system
28
dce
2010
Embedded system
29
dce
2010
Cc hm qun l task
Cp bo v vng nh
T-Kernel c 4 cp bo v b nh, t 0-3 0 cao nht, 3 thp nht Task cp bo v no ch c th truy xut vng nh ngang cp hoc thp hn
Embedded system
30
dce
2010
Cc hm qun l task
Mi task c mt stack h thng v 1 stack ngi dng (user stack)
Stack h thng c cp bo v 0 Stack ngi dng c cp bo v quy nh bi tham s TA_RNGn Bin cc b trong task c cp pht trn vng nh ca stack ngi dng Bin ton cc hoc static c cp pht trong vng nh ca chng trnh, khng chim stack Bin cp pht ng (malloc) khng chim stack
Embedded system
31
dce
2010
Cc hm qun l task
ER ercd = tk_sta_tsk (ID tskid, INT stacd); Cho php task c tskid to bt u thc thi Chuyn trng thi task t DORMANT READY
tk_sta_tsk
tk_ext_tsk
void tk_ext_tsk ( ); Kt thc task triu gi bnh thng Chuyn task sang trng thi DORMANT
tk_exd_tsk
void tk_exd_tsk ( ); Kt thc task triu gi bnh thng Xa task ang trng thi DORMANT khi b nh
dce
2010
Cc hm qun l task
ER ercd = tk_ter_tsk (ID tskid); Kt thc s thc thi ca task ch nh bi tskid Chuyn task sang trng thi DORMANT
tk_ter_tsk
tk_del_tsk
ER ercd = tk_del_tsk (ID tskid); Xa task c ch nh bi tskid khi b nh Task phi ang trng thi DORMANT
tk_chg_pri
ER ercd = tk_chg_pri(ID tskid, PRI tskpri); Thay i u tin hin ti ca task
dce
2010
Cc hm qun l task
ER ercd = tk_chg_slt(ID tskid, RELTIM slicetime);
tk_chg_slt
Thay i time slice ca task Time slice c s dng khi nh thi round robin gia cc task c cng u tin
tk_inf_tsk
ER ercd = tk_inf_tsk(ID tskid, T_ITSK * pk_itsk, BOOL clr);
Thu thp thng tin v thi gian chy ca task
tk_ref_tsk
ER ercd = tk_ref_tsk ( ID tskid, T_RTSK * pk_rtsk ) ;
Thu thp thng tin v trng thi task

dce
2010
Qun l thit b trn T-Engine

Mi thit b ngoi vi trn T-Engine c qun l nh l mt thit b ca h thng
Key board, screen, touch panel, audio, USB
Tn thit b
Mi thit b c t tn theo quy nh ca driver cho thit b khi ng k vi h thng Tn thit b l duy nht cho thit b Chui ti a 8 k t theo quy tc
Type: loi thit b (a-z, A-Z)
pc, hd, fd, screen
Unit: phn bit nhiu thit b cng loi (a-z)

pca, hda, fda, rsa
Subunit: phn bit thit b lun l (0-254)

pca0, hda0, uda0
dce
2010
Qun l thit b
Thuc tnh ca thit b
Kiu ATR (32 bit)
16 bit cao: thuc tnh ring ca mi thit b 16 bit thp: c nh ngha bi h thng
#define TD_PROTECT 0x8000 /* P: write protection */ #define TD_REMOVABLE 0x4000 /* R: removable media */ #define TD_DEVKIND 0x00ff /* K: device/media kind */ #define TD_DEVTYPE 0x00f0 /* device type */ #define TDK_UNDEF 0x0000 /* undefined/unknown */ #define TDK_DISK 0x0010 /* disk device */ #define TDK_DISK_UNDEF 0x0010 /* miscellaneous disk */ #define TDK_DISK_RAM 0x0011 /* RAM disk (used as main memory) */ #define TDK_DISK_ROM 0x0012 /* ROM disk (used as main memory) */ #define TDK_DISK_FLA 0x0013 /* Flash ROM or other silicon disk */ #define TDK_DISK_FD 0x0014 /* floppy disk */ #define TDK_DISK_HD 0x0015 /* hard disk */ #define TDK_DISK_CDROM 0x0016 /* CD-ROM */
Hu ht cc thit b l TDK_UNDEF
dce
2010
Qun l thit b
Application interface
Cc hm SVC m rng Qun l bi T-Kernel/SM Khng th gi t task-independent portion, trong khi ang dispatch hoc interrupt ang b v hiu
Embedded system
37
dce
2010
Application interface
Nhc li quy trnh truy xut file
M file
FILE *fopen(const char *filename, const char *mode);
Truy xut file

c/ghi file Truy xut thuc tnh file
ng file
int fclose(FILE *fp);
Quy trnh s dng mt thit b trn T-engine

M thit b
ID tk_opn_dev (UB *devnm, UINT omode)
Truy xut thit b

c/ghi d liu t thit b Truy xut thuc tnh thit b
ng thit b
ER tk_cls_dev ( ID dd, UINT option )
dce
2010
Cc hm giao tip thit b

ID tk_opn_dev ( UB *devnm, UINT omode )
M mt thit b c tn l devnm vi ch l omode, v chun b cho vic truy cp thit b omode = (TD_READ || TD_WRITE || TD_UPDATE) | [TD_EXCL || TD_WEXCL]| [TD_NOLOCK] Tr v Device descriptor hay m li
Embedded system
39
dce
2010

ER tk_cls_dev ( ID dd, UINT option)
ng mt thit b c descriptor l dd. Nu c mt yu cu v thit b th yu cu s b b qua v thit b s b ng. option = [TD_EJECT] Tr v m li
Embedded system
40
dce
2010

ID tk_rea_dev ( ID dd, INT data, VP buf, INT size, TMO tmout)
c d liu hoc thuc tnh t thit b c ch nh Non-blocking Tham s
data: loi d liu cn c, c th l d liu do driver quy nh hoc thuc tnh ca thit b buf: buffer cha d liu cn c size: kch thc d liu cn c (byte) tmout: thi gian ch thit b chp nhn yu cu (ms)
Tr v: request ID hoc m li
Embedded system
41
dce
2010

ID tk_wri_dev ( ID dd, INT data, VP buf, INT size, TMO tmout)
Ghi d liu hoc thuc tnh vo thit b c ch nh Non-blocking Tham s
data: loi d liu cn c, c th l d liu do driver quy nh hoc thuc tnh ca thit b buf: buffer cha d liu cn c size: kch thc d liu cn c (byte) tmout: thi gian ch thit b chp nhn yu cu (ms)
Tr v: request ID hoc m li
Embedded system
42
dce
2010

ID tk_wai_dev ( ID dd, ID reqid, INT *asize, ER *ioer, TMO tmout )
Ch cho yu cu reqid ca thit b dd c thc hin xong. Ch c tc dng cho nhng yu su ang c x l khi hm c gi, nhng yu cu ny sinh sau khi gi hm s khng c i. Tham s
dd: Device descriptor reqid: Request ID do hm c/ghi tr v asize: Kch thc c hay ghi c ioer: Li I/O tr v tmout: thi gian timeout (ms)
Tr v: Request ID c hon thnh hoc li

Li do vic ch khng hp l
Nhiu task khng th cng i s hon thnh ca cng mt request ID ti mt thi im.
dce
2010
Embedded system
44
dce
2010

ID tk_srea_dev ( ID dd, INT start, VP buf, INT size, INT *asize)
c d liu ng b Blocking
Embedded system
45
dce
2010

ID tk_swri_dev ( ID dd, INT start, VP buf, INT size, INT *asize)
Ghi d liu ng b Blocking
Embedded system
46
dce
2010
Cc hm qun l thit b
Embedded system
47
dce
2010
Cc hm qun l thit b
INT tk_sus_dev (UINT mode) INT tk_get_dev (ID devid, UB *devnm) ID tk_ref_dev (UB *devnm, T_RDEV *rdev) ID tk_oref_dev (ID dd, T_RDEV *rdev) INT tk_lst_dev (T_LDEV *ldev, INT start, INT ndev) INT tk_evt_dev (ID devid, INT evttyp, VP evtinf)
Embedded system
48
dce
2010
Thit b mn hnh (SCREEN)

Tn thit b SCREEN phn gii 320x240 Cc ch hin th mu
256 (mode 1) 65.536 [5-6-5] (mode 2) Ch hin th c chn khi khi ng h thng thng qua file DEVCONF
DEVCONF
VIDEOMODE mode [pmode] [w] [h] [pw] [ph] Dng lnh devconf [/att_name] item [new_value | @] trn CLI
#include <device/screen.h>
dce
2010
Thit b mn hnh (SCREEN)

RECT
(0,0) (1,0) (2,0)
(239,319)
Embedded system
50
dce
2010
SCREEN d liu driver

DN_SCRBMP (R)
Ly thng tin v khong khng gian v hnh ca thit b D liu BMP devbmp S dng
Embedded system
51
dce
2010
SCREEN DN_SCRBMP
Embedded system
52
dce
2010
SCREEN d liu driver

DN_SCRCOLOR (RW)
Ly hoc thit lp gi tr ca bng nh x mu D liu COLOR map[*] S dng
Embedded system
53
dce
2010
SCREEN d liu driver

DN_SCRUPDRECT (W)
Cp nht li mn hnh ti mt vng no D liu S dng: ch cn thit cho mt s thit b c bit hoc ch hin th c bit i hi phi update sau khi x l
Embedded system
54
dce
2010
SCREEN Cc hm th vin h tr
int in_rect(int x, int y, RECT *r)
Kim tra im (x,y) c nm trong vng r khng Tr v T/F
void draw_pixel(int x, int y, int c, BMP *p_bmp)

V mt pixel ti ta (x,y), mu c
void draw_line (int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2, int c, BMP *p_bmp)
V mt ng thng ni 2 im (x1,y1), (x2,y2), mu c
void fill_rect(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2, int c, BMP *p_bmp)
V mt hnh ch nht c 2 nh cho (x1,y1), (x2,y2) v t mu c
void draw_text(char *str, int x, int y, int c, BMP *p_bmp)

V mt chui k t str, bt u ti ta (x,y), mu c
void draw_btn(RECT *r, char *s, int psh, BMP *p_bmp)

V mt nt nhn ti vng r, trn nt nhn c chui k t s psh quy nh nt ang nhn hay th
dce
2010
Thit b nhp (kbpd)

Tn thit b kbpd Dng chung cho keypad, touch panel, usb keyboard, usb mouse #include <device/kbpd.h>, <btron/event.h>
Embedded system
56
dce
2010
Thit b nhp (kbpd) d liu driver

DN_KEYMAP (R)
Ly thng tin v trng thi cc phm nhn D liu KeyMap #define KEYMAX 256 typedef UB KeyMap[KEYMAX/8] Mi bit ca KeyMap lu trng thi ca mt phm nhn,
tch cc mc 1 Mi phm nhn c gn mt scancode ch v tr ca bit biu din trng thi phm trong KeyMap
5 bit u: index trong aray KeyMap 3 bit cui: v tr ca bit trong byte truy xut c t KeyMap
dce
2010
kbpd - DN_KEYMAP
Embedded system
58
dce
2010
kbpd - DN_KEYMAP
Scancode ca cc nt nhn trn T-Engine
Cc scancode ny phi nh ngha trong chng trnh ng dng

dce
2010
Thit b nhp (kbpd) d liu driver

DN_PDRANGE (RW)
Ly hoc thit lp phm vi x l ca touch panel D liu PdRange
typedef struct { H xmax; /* Maximum x coordinate value */ H ymax; /* Maximum y coordinate value */ } PdRange;
Embedded system
60
dce
2010
kbpd touch panel
Embedded system
61
dce
2010
kbpd touch panel

S dng event h thng thng bo trng thi ca touch panel cho ng dng
Embedded system
62
dce
2010
Load file bitmap

Cu trc file bmp Cch x l load ln mn hnh T-engine
T c Thuyt trnh
Embedded system
63

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dce

Tng quan h thng T-kernel

3 thnh phn chnh

2010, Phan Dinh Khoi

2010, Phan Dinh Khoi

Lp cc chng trnh ng dng

2010, Phan Dinh Khoi

Bin dch v lin kt chng trnh T-Kernel

2010, Phan Dinh Khoi

Bin dch v lin kt chng trnh T-Kernel

2010, Phan Dinh Khoi

Bin dch v lin kt chng trnh T-Kernel

2010, Phan Dinh Khoi

Bin dch v lin kt chng trnh T-Kernel

2010, Phan Dinh Khoi

Bin dch v lin kt chng trnh T-Kernel

2010, Phan Dinh Khoi

Mt s kiu d liu nh ngha trong T-Kernel

2010, Phan Dinh Khoi

Mt s kiu d liu nh ngha trong T-Kernel

2010, Phan Dinh Khoi

Mt s kiu d liu nh ngha trong T-Kernel

2010, Phan Dinh Khoi

Cu trc chng trnh ng dng

2010, Phan Dinh Khoi

Cu trc chng trnh ng dng

2010, Phan Dinh Khoi

2010, Phan Dinh Khoi

2010, Phan Dinh Khoi

2010, Phan Dinh Khoi

Cc trng thi ca task

2010, Phan Dinh Khoi

Cc trng thi ca task

2010, Phan Dinh Khoi

ATR tskatr Task attributes

PRI itskpri u tin ban u ca task

2010, Phan Dinh Khoi

2010, Phan Dinh Khoi

2010, Phan Dinh Khoi

2010, Phan Dinh Khoi

Thu thp thng tin v thi gian chy ca task

Thu thp thng tin v trng thi task

Qun l thit b trn T-Engine

Unit: phn bit nhiu thit b cng loi (a-z)

Subunit: phn bit thit b lun l (0-254)

2010, Phan Dinh Khoi

Truy xut file

Quy trnh s dng mt thit b trn T-engine

Truy xut thit b

Cc hm giao tip thit b

2010, Phan Dinh Khoi

Cc hm giao tip thit b

2010, Phan Dinh Khoi

Cc hm giao tip thit b

2010, Phan Dinh Khoi

Cc hm giao tip thit b

2010, Phan Dinh Khoi

Cc hm giao tip thit b

Tr v: Request ID c hon thnh hoc li

Cc hm giao tip thit b

2010, Phan Dinh Khoi

Cc hm giao tip thit b

2010, Phan Dinh Khoi

Cc hm giao tip thit b

void draw_text(char str, int x, int y, int c, BMP p_bmp)

void draw_btn(RECT r, char s, int psh, BMP *p_bmp)