2

Laplace,

2.1
, ,
.
Laplace.

.
, . '
Laplace
.
.
f(t),

F (s ) = f (t )e st dt

(2.1)

s s .
F(s) Laplace
f(t). .

f (t ) F ( s )
f(t) F(s)
Laplace, .. F(s) Laplace f(t).
Laplace
.

e
0

pt

dt =

Re( p ) > 0

(2.2)

 2 LAPLACE
T

pt
e dt =

1 e pT

, Re( p ) > 0 e pt 0 T (2.2.).

2.1 () Laplace f(t)=1.
(2.1)

F ( s ) = e st dt =
0

Res>0.

(2.3)

s>0

() f (t ) = e ct c ,
(2.1)

F(s) =

( s c ) t
ct st
e e dt = e dt

(2.2) p=s-c , 1/(s-c)

Re(s-c)>0.

e ct

1
s c

Re s > Re c

(2.4)

(2.4) F(s) Re(s)>Re(c). ,

f (t ) = e 3t , F(s) Re(s)>-3 1/(s+3). f (t ) = e 4t
F(s) Re(s)>4 1/(s-4). f(t)
(2.1) , s
. f (t ) = e ct
f (t )e st 0 t , Re(s)>c.

f (t )e st 0 t

(2.5)

s .
s, F(s) , .
F(s) s.

1. (2.5) (2.1).
st

f (t ) e
0 t . ,
.
2. Laplace s
2.1 . , f (t ) = e , F(s) s=a+j
3t

>3. F(s)
s. , s '
- 2.2 -

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F(s) (
). , s
. 8, , F(s) s=j.
F(j) Fourier f(t).
3. Laplace F(s) f(t)
F(s). , ,

e 3t 1 / ( s 3).

F(s) 1/(s-3) Re(s)>3.

1/(s-3), Re s<3, s=3.

Laplace
. .

Laplace

f (t )e st dt

f (t ) f(t) Laplace F(s)

f(t). :

f (t )e st dt = e st df (t ) = f (t )e st
0

= f ( )e

f (0)e

+ s f (t )e st dt
0

+ s f (t )e d (t )

s 0

st

(2.6)

F(s) f ( )e s ,
f (t )e st t [ (2.5)]. , (2.6)
sF(s)-f(0).
Laplace f (t ) sF ( s ) f ( 0) :

f (t ) sF (s ) f (0)

(2.7)

(2.7)
.

y (t ) + 3 y (t ) = 0

t 0

(2.8)

y(0)=2. e st
0 . :

[ y (t ) + 3 y (t )]e st dt = 0

(2.9)

(2.8) t 0.
y(t) (2.8). , , y(t) Laplace

y (t )e st dt = Y(s) .

(2.7)

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y (t )e st dt = sY (s ) y (0) = sY (s ) 2

(2.10)

- 2.3 -

 2 LAPLACE

(2.9)

sY (s ) 2 + 3Y (s ) = 0

(2.11)

Laplace Y(s) y(t)

(2.11). (2.11)

Y (s)=

2
.
s+3

(2.4)
2e 3t . , (2.8)

y (t ) = 2e 3t .
2.2 v0
(2.1.). v(t) . ,

dv (t )
+ Gv (t ) = 0 ,
dt

(2.12)

v (0 ) = v 0

e st 0

C [ sV ( s ) v 0 ] + GV (s ) = 0
V(s) Laplace v(t).

V (s ) =

Gt

v0

s +GC

v(t) = v 0e

Cv'(t)

+
Gv(t)

v(t)

v(t)
IR

vo

v(t)

RC

ig (t)

v(t)

()

()
2.1

y (t ) + 3 y (t ) = 6 , t 0

(2.13)

y(0)=0. e st
0

sY (s ) + 3Y (s ) =

(2.14)

y(0)=0 Laplace f(t)=6, 6/s [ (2.3)].

Y (s) =

- 2.4 -

6
.
s(s + 3)

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y(t) Laplace
6/s(s+3), y(t) Laplace
6/s(s+3). y(t)
.
6
2
2
.
=
s ( s + 3) s s + 3

[ (2.3) (2.4)]
2

2e-3t

2
s +3

y(t) 2.13

y (t ) = 2 2e 3t .
2.3 R-C
i g (t ) = I , (2.1.)
v(t). '

dv (t )
+ Gv (t ) = I ,
dt

v(0) = 0

(2.15)

V(s) Laplace v(t),

CsV (s ) + GV (s ) =

I
s

(2.16)

v(0)=0 Laplace I I/s.

V (s ) =

s + (G + sC )

v(t)
I

I
G
G
=

s (G + sC )
s
s +G

v (t ) = RI (1 e

RC

).

Laplace Laplace F(s)

(2.1) f(t) t
( 0, ) .
t 0.
f(t)
F(s).

F (s ) = f (t )e st dt

(2.17)

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- 2.5 -

 2 LAPLACE

Laplace f(t) .
f(t) .. f(t)=0 t<0, (2.17)
(2.1). (2.17).
F(s) .

- 2.6 -

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