Cch c s VIN ca t (Dn tr) - Nu bn bit cch c, s VIN (Vehicle Identification Number) s cho bit nhiu thng tin

n cn thit v chic xe. Vy lm th no khm ph b mt nm sau 17 ch s v ch ci ny?

Gn y, khi thu hi xe tr thnh ti nng hi trn khp cc th trng, s VIN l iu nhiu ngi s dng t quan tm khi mun xc nh xem xe ca mnh c thuc din b thu hi. VIN l chng trnh do T chc tiu chun ho quc t (ISO) khi xng vo nm 1980 nh mt cch tiu chun ho s series ca t. Nhng xe sn xut trc nm 1981 khng theo tiu chun quc t ny, nn cn c thng tin ca nh sn xut gii m. Ti sao s VIN c gi tr? V n c ISO to ra tt c mi chic xe u c nhn dng ring, khng th nhm ln vi xe khc. V hon ton c kh nng hai chic xe c cng nh sn xut, cng ni sn xut, cng chng loi, s dng cng kiu ng c v cc trang thit b, nn cn c s VIN, c to thnh t s seri ca nh sn xut - s th t sn xut chic xe - phn bit chng. S VIN kh phc tp. Chng cha ng nhiu thng tin - ni sn xut, model, loi xe, nm sn xut, thit k thn xe, h thng an ton... - ch trong 17 ch s v ch ci. Do , c s VIN khng n gin m cn c nhng kin thc nht nh. S VIN gm 17 ch s v ch ci, mi ch/s th hin mt thng tin khc nhau v chic xe. V d, s/ch u tin trong s VIN th hin nc xut x ca xe; ch/s th hai th hin nh sn xut. Gii m s VIN l cch lm n gin khng bn khng b la hoc h khi mua xe, c bit l xe c, v nh mt chic Mustang c ln i thnh Cobra phin bn c bit, hoc mua phi xe b h hng nng. Trang DriverSide.com hng dn cch tm v c s VIN ca t nh sau: Bc 1: Tm s VIN Phn ln xe mi u c s VIN nm ngay st mp di ca knh chn gi trc v thng c th nhn thy qua mt nh trong sut trong vng trng mu chn knh (nh nh di).

V tr s VIN

Tu theo nm v gi xe, hnh thc ch ghi s VIN c th khc nhau: n c th c dp p trn mt ming nhm, hoc n gin l trn ming nha r tin. Tuy nhin, gi tr thng tin m n mang th nh nhau v c gn cht bng inh tn kh c th b tro. Cc phin bn c bit hoc xe th thao t tin thng c tm bin dp s VIN trn bu ca hoc tp-l.

Khi tm c s VIN, hy bt u khm ph thng tin n mang! Bc 2: Phn tch s VIN Nh bn c th nhn thy trong hnh minh ho di y, s VIN gm 6 phn:

Model/Ni sn xut: (S/ch t 1-3) th hin ni sn xut, model v nh sn xut xe. c im ca xe: (S/ch t 4-8) Cc ch/s ny xc nh mt s c im nhn dng ca xe trang thit b, ng c,... S xc minh: (S th 9) c xc nh thng qua mt cng thc ton hc phc tp lin quan n cc s khc trong s VIN, c dng xc nh xem bn thn s VIN l tht hay gi. Phin bn: (S th 10) Th hin nm sn xut xe, khng phi nm bn hay giao xe cho khch. Nh my lp rp: (S th 11) Mt s ni b ca nh sn xut th hin ni lp rp chic xe. Th t sn xut ca xe: (S t 12-17) Nhng s ny th hin th t m chic xe ri dy chuyn sn xut. y thng chnh l s seri ca xe. Lu : Mt s VIN s khng bao gi c cc ch ci I, O, hay Q v trng chng qu ging cc s 1 v 0. Bc 3: Gii m ni sn xut Chng ta s dng s VIN 1ZVHT82H485113456 trong nh minh ho trn lm v d phn tch. Chng ti s khng ni l ca xe no, nhng bn s bit nhiu hn th sau khi phn tch ht con s cui cng. Trc tin, cn tm xem ai sn xut chic xe ny. Cm ch s cng gii m y l 1ZV. S u tin lun l m nc sn xut xe. C rt nhiu m nc, nhng c bn nht nh sau: - M: 1, 4 hoc 5 - Canada: 2 - Mexico: 3 - Nht Bn: J - Hn Quc: K - Anh: S - c: W - Italy: Z - Thu in: Y - Australia: 6 - Php: V - Brazil: 9 Nhn vo s VIN, bn c th bit l xe M hay xe ngoi c sn xut ti M. Hai ch/s tip theo th hin nh sn xut. Cm 3 ch-s u tin ny c gi l Nhn din nh sn xut trn th gii (World Manufacturer Identifier - WMI), th hin c th nh sn xut ch khng ch n gin F thay cho Ford hay G thay cho GM. V d, 1GC i din cho Chevrolet xe bn ti, cn 1G1 i din cho Chevrolet xe du lch. Bn c th tham kho danh sch WMI cc nh sn xut ph bin ti y. Vi cm 1ZV, l m ca AutoAlliance International (1YV hoc 1ZV), mt cng ty chuyn sn xut xe cho c Mazda v Ford. iu ny c ngha l chic xe ang c cp c th l xe Ford hoc Mazda.

Cch c s VIN ca t (phn 2)

(Dn tr) - Bng mt vi php tnh khng qu kh nh hng dn di y, t nht, chng ta c th xc nh s VIN l tht hay gi mo. Cch c s VIN khng n gin, nhng chu kh tm hiu mt cht vn hn l b la khi mua xe. Phn trc chng ti gii thiu 3 bc u tin trong quy trnh c s VIN, l tm s VIN, xc nh ni sn xut/model xe, tm ni sn xut xe. Di y l cc bc tip theo: Bc 4: Xc nh c im ca xe

Khng ch cho chng ta bit tn xe, nh sn xut, s VIN cn th hin loi ng c v c s gm b ca xe. l thng tin c trong nhm th 2 ca s VIN (5 m t 4 n 8). Mi nc v mi cng ty c cch lp s ny ring. Hu ht cc cng ty bn t Bc M c chung kiu lp dy ch-s ny. V bit chic xe c s VIN trn l ca Ford hoc Mazda, kh d gii m c cm HT82H. Ch H u tin l m an ton, cho bit xe c ti kh trc v ti kh bn. Cc ch ci khc nh B dng cho xe c dy ai an ton ch ng nhng khng c ti kh; ch L v F hoc K th hin cc th h ti kh khc nhau. Cc ch, s t th 5 n th 7, trong trng hp ny l T82, cho bit loi xe. Tra danh sch s VIN ca Ford, chng ta bit c rng Ford dng m T8_ cho xe Mustang coupe. C th hn, l Mustang Bullitt, Coupe GT hoc Coupe Shelby GT. nu ai mun bn cho bn mt chic xe Mustang v khng nh rng l dng GT mui xp cng, nhng s VIN c m T80 th ch th l h ang ni di.

Ch quan trng nht, nu bn mun xc nh loi ng c ca xe, l k t th 8. Trong trng hp ny, ch H cho bit chng ta c mt chic xe dng ng c V8 4.6L ca Ford. Nu k t ny l N, th c ngha l ng c V6. Nu l ch S, chnh xc l xe Mustang Coupe Shelby GT. Bc 5: S xc minh Hu ht cng ty s dng s th 9 lm s xc minh. tm ra s xc minh dy s VIN, trc tin, ngi ta quy cho tng ch ci tng ng vi mt s nht nh, c th nh sau:

A = 1, B = 2, C = 3, D = 4, E = 5, F = 6, G = 7, H = 8, J = 1, K = 2, L = 3, M = 4, N = 5, O = 6, P = 7, R = 9, S = 2, T = 3, U = 4, V = 5, W = 6, X = 7, Y = 8, Z = 9 Lu l ch quy i ch thnh s tnh ton, cn cc s th gi nguyn. Nh vy chng ta s c 17 s. Vic tip theo l nhn tng s vi s biu th gi tr ca ch s trong dy VIN. S biu th gi tr c quy c nh sau:

Sau khi nhn tng s trong dy s VIN (tr s th 9) vi s gi tr tng ng, cng li ri chia cho 11, s d s l s xc minh. Nu kt qu l 10, th s xc minh s l X. Th lm php tnh vi s VIN v d trn: 1ZVHT82H485113456 Sau khi quy i cc ch ci, ta c dy s: 19583828485113456 S nhn tng ng: 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 10 0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 Kt qu: (1 x 8) + (9 x 7) + (5 x 6) + (8 x 5) + (3 x 4) + (8 x 3) + (2 x 2) + (8 x 10) + (8 x 9) + (5 x 8) + (1 x 7) + (1 x 6) + (3 x 5) + (4 x 4) + (5 x 3) + (6 x 2) = 444 Ly 444 chia cho 11 c s chn l 40, s cn li l 4. V chnh l s xc minh. Nh vy trong trng hp ny, s VIN l chnh xc, khng phi gi mo. Nu bn ngi tnh ton v s nhm ln, bn ch cn quy i cc ch ci trong s VIN to thnh dy s mi, sau dng cng c trc tuyn kim tra ti y. Bc 6: Xc nh phin bn T nm 1980, cc nc khc nhau s dng cch quy nh i xe khc nhau. Tuy nhin, vn c cng thc chung c hu ht cc cng ty p dng cho s th 10. Nu xe c sn xut trong thi gian t nm 2001 n 2009, con s tng ng s l t 1 n 9. Trong dy s VIN trn, s th 10 l s 8, vy l xe phin bn nm 2008. Nu xe cn xc minh c sn xut t nm 1980 n 2000 th m quy i l ch ci t A n Y, tt nhin ngoi tr I, O v Q, vi l do nh nu Bc 2. V d, xe sn xut nm 1994 s c m R, cn xe sn xut t nm 2000 s c m Y. T nm 2010, hu ht cc nh sn xut t quay tr li t m A. Bc 7: Xc nh ni sn xut xe S th 11 dng xc nh ni sn xut chic xe. Khng c tiu chun cho s ny, v vy bn cn tham kho danh sch s VIN cng nh nh my, c s sn xut ca cc cng ty t. Cc danh sch ny c cp nht kh y trn trang Wikipedia. V d, y chng ta c danh sch cc nh my ca Ford. Tra danh sch ta c th thy s 5 trong dy VIN ng vi nh my AutoAlliance Flat Rock, tiu bang Michigan, M. Bc 8: S th t ca xe trn dy chuyn sn xut 6 s cui cng trong dy VIN cho bit s th t ca chic xe trn dy chuyn sn xut. Trong trng hp chic Mustang ang xem xt y, s l 113456. Vn hin nay l c mt s cng ty sn xut mt mu vi s lng vt gii hn 6 ch s. Tuy nhin, s khng nhiu. Thm vo , vi hu ht ch xe, con s ny khng qu quan trng. Vi mt s mu xe c bit, nh Corvette phin bn sn xut gii hn s lng, nhm 6 s cui ny s cho bit s lng xe sn xut c mc gii hn nh hng xe tuyn b. Bc 9: So snh nhng g s VIN th hin vi chic xe bn ang xem xt

Trong trng hp ny, kt qu phn tch s VIN cho thy y l mt chic Ford Mustang Bullitt phin bn 2008, v thc t ng nh vy! Nht Minh Theo Jalopnik/DriveSide

Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/World Manufacturer Identifier (WMI)

< Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes) Contents [hide]

1 World Manufacturer Identifier o 1.1 WMI Regions o 1.2 List of common WMIs 2 References

[edit] World Manufacturer Identifier

The first three characters uniquely identify the manufacturer of the vehicle using the World Manufacturer Identifier or WMI code. A manufacturer that builds fewer than 500 vehicles per year uses a 9 as the third digit and the 12th, 13th and 14th position of the VIN for a second part of the identification. Some manufacturers use the third character as a code for a vehicle category (e.g., bus or truck), a division within a manufacturer, or both. For example, within 1G (assigned to General Motors in the United States), 1G1 represents Chevrolet passenger cars; 1G2, Pontiac passenger cars; and 1GC, Chevrolet trucks.

[edit] WMI Regions

The first character of the WMI is the region in which the manufacturer is located. In practice, each is assigned to a country of manufacture. Common auto-manufacturing countries are noted.

WMI A-D

Region Africa

Notes AA-AH = South Africa

J-R

Asia

J = Japan KL-KR = South Korea L = China MA-ME = India MF-MK = Indonesia ML-MR = Thailand PA-PE = Philippines PL-PR = Malaysia SA-SM = United Kingdom SN-ST, W = Germany SU-SZ = Poland TA-TH = Switzerland TJ-TP = Czech Republic TR-TV = Hungary VA-VE = Austria VF-VR = France VS-VW = Spain VX-V2 = Yugoslavia XL = The Netherlands XS-XW = USSR X3-X0 = Russia YA-YE = Belgium YF-YK = Finland YS-YW = Sweden ZA-ZR = Italy 1, 4, 5 = United States 2 = Canada 3 = Mexico 6A-6W = Australia 7A-7E = New Zealand 8A-8E = Argentina 8F-8J = Chile 8X-82 = Venezuela 9A-9E, 93-99 = Brazil 9F-9J = Colombia

S-Z

Europe

1-5 North America

6-7

Oceania

8-0 South America

A B C D E F G H J K L MNPRSTUVW X Y Z 1 23456789 0 A South Africa Africa

B C D E F G H J K L M N P Philippines R S T U V W X Y Z 1 2 3 4 5 6 Australia Europe Belgium Finland Italy United States Canada Mexico United States Oceania Austria France United Kingdom Switzerland Asia India Indonesia Asia S Korea China Thailand Asia Malaysia Asia Germany Hungary Europe Spain Germany NL Europe Europe USSR Sweden Europe Russia Europe Europe Yugoslavia Europe Poland Europe Europe Asia Asia Japan Asia Africa

Czech Rep

7 New Zealand 8 9 0 Argentina Brazil Chile Colombia

Oceania South America South America South America Venezuela South America Brazil SA

[edit] List of common WMIs

The Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) in the US assigns WMIs to countries and manufacturers.[1] The following table contains a list of commonly used WMIs, although there are many others assigned.

WMI AFA AAV JA3 JA JF JH JK JM JN JS JT KL KM8 KMH KNA KNB KNC KNM L56 L5Y

Manufacturer Ford South Africa Volkswagen South Africa Mitsubishi Isuzu Fuji Heavy Industries (Subaru) Honda Kawasaki (motorcycles) Mazda Nissan Suzuki Toyota Daewoo General Motors South Korea Hyundai Hyundai Kia Kia Kia Renault Samsung Renault Samsung Merato Motorcycle Taizhou Zhongneng

LDY LGH LKL LSY LTV LVS LVV LZM LZE LZG LZY MA3 MNB MNT MMT MM8 MPA MP1 MRH MR0 NLE NM0 NM4 NMT PE1 PE3 PL1

Zhongtong Coach, China Dong Feng (DFM), China Suzhou King Long, China Brilliance Zhonghua Toyota Tian Jin Ford Chang An Chery, China MAN China Isuzu Guangzhou, China Shaanxi Automobile Group, China Yutong Zhengzhou, China Suzuki India Ford Thailand Nissan Thailand Mitsubishi Thailand Mazda Thailand Isuzu Thailand Isuzu Thailand Honda Thailand Toyota Thailand Mercedes-Benz Turk Truck Ford Turkey Tofas Turk Toyota Turkiye Ford Phillipines Mazda Phillipines Proton, Malaysia

SAL SAJ SCC SCE SDB SFD SHS SJN SU9 TK9

Land Rover Jaguar Lotus Cars DeLorean Motor Cars N. Ireland (UK) Peugeot UK Alexander Dennis UK Honda UK Nissan UK Solaris Bus & Coach (Poland) SOR (Czech Republic)

TDM QUANTYA Swiss Electric Movement (Switzerland) TMB TMK TMP TMT TM9 TN9 TRA TRU TSE TSM UU1 VF1 VF3 VF6 VF7 VF8 VNE koda (Czech Republic) Karosa (Czech Republic) koda trolleybuses (Czech Republic) Tatra (Czech Republic) koda trolleybuses (Czech Republic) Karosa (Czech Republic) Ikarus Bus Audi Hungary Ikarus Egyedi Autobuszgyar, (Hungary) Suzuki, (Hungary) Renault Dacia, (Romania) Renault Peugeot Renault (Trucks & Buses) Citron Matra Irisbus (France)

VSE VSK VSS VSX VS6 VS9 VWV VX1 WAG WAU WBA WBS WDB WDC WDD WEB WF0 WMA WMW WP0 W0L WVW WV1 WV2 XL9 XTA YK1 YS2

Suzuki Spain (Santana Motors) Nissan Spain SEAT Opel Spain Ford Spain Carrocerias Ayats (Spain) Volkswagen Spain Zastava / Yugo Serbia Neoplan Audi BMW BMW M Mercedes-Benz DaimlerChrysler McLaren Evobus GmbH (Mercedes-Bus) Ford Germany MAN Germany MINI Porsche Opel Volkswagen Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles Volkswagen Bus/Van Spyker Lada/AutoVaz (Russia) Saab Scania AB

YS3 YS4 YV1 YV4 YV2 YV3 ZAM ZAP ZAR ZCG ZDM ZDF ZD4 ZFA ZFC ZFF ZHW ZLA ZOM 1C3 1D3 1FA 1FB 1FC 1FD 1FM 1FT 1FU

Saab Scania Bus Volvo Cars Volvo Cars Volvo Trucks Volvo Buses Maserati Biturbo Piaggio/Vespa/Gilera Alfa Romeo Cagiva SpA Ducati Motor Holdings SpA Ferrari Dino Aprilia Fiat Fiat V.I. Ferrari Lamborghini Lancia OM Chrysler Dodge Ford Motor Company Ford Motor Company Ford Motor Company Ford Motor Company Ford Motor Company Ford Motor Company Freightliner

1FV 1F9 1G 1GC 1GT 1G1 1G2 1G3 1G4 1G6 1GM 1G8 1H 1HD 1J4 1L 1ME 1M1 1M2 1M3 1M4 1N 1NX 1P3 1R9 1VW 1XK 1XP

Freightliner FWD Corp. General Motors USA Chevrolet Truck USA GMC Truck USA Chevrolet USA Pontiac USA Oldsmobile USA Buick USA Cadillac USA Pontiac USA Saturn USA Honda USA Harley-Davidson Jeep Lincoln USA Mercury USA Mack Truck USA Mack Truck USA Mack Truck USA Mack Truck USA Nissan USA NUMMI USA Plymouth USA Roadrunner Hay Squeeze USA Volkswagen USA Kenworth USA Peterbilt USA

1YV 2C3 2CN 2D3 2FA 2FB 2FC 2FM 2FT 2FU 2FV 2FZ 2G 2G1 2G2 2G3 2G4 2HG 2HK 2HM 2M 2P3 2T 2WK 2WL 2WM 3D3 3FE

Mazda USA (AutoAlliance International) Chrysler Canada CAMI Dodge Canada Ford Motor Company Canada Ford Motor Company Canada Ford Motor Company Canada Ford Motor Company Canada Ford Motor Company Canada Freightliner Freightliner Sterling General Motors Canada Chevrolet Canada Pontiac Canada Oldsmobile Canada Buick Canada Honda Canada Honda Canada Hyundai Canada Mercury Plymouth Canada Toyota Canada Western Star Western Star Western Star Dodge Mexico Ford Motor Company Mexico

3G 3H 3N 3P3 3VW 4F 4M 4S 4T 4US 4UZ 4V1 4V2 4V3 4V4 4V5 4V6 4VL 4VM 4VZ 5F 5L 5N1 5NP 5T 6AB 6F 6G2

General Motors Mexico Honda Mexico Nissan Mexico Plymouth Mexico Volkswagen Mexico Mazda USA Mercury Subaru-Isuzu Automotive Toyota BMW USA Frt-Thomas Bus Volvo Volvo Volvo Volvo Volvo Volvo Volvo Volvo Volvo Honda USA-Alabama Lincoln Nissan USA Hyundai USA Toyota USA - trucks MAN Australia Ford Motor Company Australia Pontiac Australia (GTO & G8)

6H 6MM 6T1 6U9 8AG 8GG 8AP 8AF 8AD 8GD 8A1 8AK 8AJ 8AW 93U 9BG 935 9BD 9BF 93H 9BM 936 93Y 9BS 93R 9BW 9FB

General Motors-Holden Mitsubishi Motors Australia Toyota Motor Corporation Australia Imported car in Australia Chevrolet Argentina Chevrolet Chile Fiat Argentina Ford Motor Company Argentina Peugeot Argentina Peugeot Chile Renault Argentina Suzuki Argentina Toyota Argentina Volkswagen Argentina Audi Brazil Chevrolet Brazil Citron Brazil Fiat Brazil Ford Motor Company Brazil Honda Brazil Mercedes-Benz Brazil Peugeot Brazil Renault Brazil Scania Brazil Toyota Brazil Volkswagen Brazil Renault Colombia