TIU CHUN VIT NAM TCVN 6213: 2004 Xut bn ln 2 NC KHONG THIN NHIN NG CHAI Bottled/packaged natural mineral

waters H NI 2004 Li ni u TCVN 6213: 2004 thay th TCVN 6213: 1996; TCVN 6213: 2004 do Ban k thut tiu chun TCVN/TC/F9 ung bin son da trn tiu chun CODEX TRAND 108-1981, Rev.1-1997, Tng cc Tiu chun o lng - Cht lng ngh, B Khoa hc, Cng ngh v ban hnh.

1. Phm vi p dng Tiu chun ny p dng cho nc khong thin nhin ng chai dng cho mc ch gii kht. Tiu chun ny khng p dng cho nc khong thin nhin dng cho cc mc ch khc. 2. Ti liu dn TCVN 5652-78, Nc ung. Phng php ly mu, bo qun v vn chuyn mu. TCVN 2653-78, Nc ung. Phng php xc nh mi v, mu sc v c. TCVN 4560-88, Nc thi. Phng php xc nh hm lng cn. TCVN 5991: 1995 (ISO 5666/3: 1984), Cht lng nc. Xc nh mangan. Phng php trc quang dng Fomaldoxim. TCVN 6053: 1995 (ISO 9696: 1992), Cht lng nc. o tng phng x anpha trong nc khng mn. Phng php ngun dy. TCVN 6178: 1996 (ISO 6777: 1984), Cht lng nc. Xc nh nitrit. Phng php trc ph hp th phn t. TCVN 6180: 1996 (ISO 7890/3: 1988), Cht lng nc. Xc nh nitrat. Phng php trc ph dng axitosunfosalixylic. TCVN 9181: 1996 (ISO 6703/1: 1984), Cht lng nc. Xc nh xyanua tng. TCVN 6182: 1996 (ISO 6595: 1982), Cht lng nc. Xc nh asen tng. Phng php quang ph dng bc dietydithiocacbanat. TCVN 6183: 1983 (ISO 9965: 1993), Cht lng nc. Xc nh selen. Phng php trc ph hp th nguyn t (k thut hydrua). TCVN 6184: 1996 (ISO 7027: 1990), Cht lng nc. Xc nh c. TCVN 6185: 1996 (ISO 7887: 1985), Cht lng nc. Kim tra v xc nh mu sc. TCVN 6187-1: 1996 (ISO 9308/1: 1990), Cht lng nc. Pht hin v m vi khun Coliform, vi khun Coliform chu nhit v Escherichia coli gi nh. Phn 1: Phng php mng lc. TCVN 6189-2: 1996 (ISO 7899/2: 1984), Cht lng nc. Pht hin v m khun lin cu phn. Phn 2: Phng php mng lc. TCVN 6191-2: 1996 (ISO 6461/2: 1986), Cht lng nc. Pht hin v m s bo t vi khun k kh kh sunphit (Clostridia). Phn 2. Phng php mng lc.

2 TCVN 6193: 1996 (ISO 8288: 1986), Cht lng nc. Xc nh coban, niken, ng km, caimi v ch. Phng php trc ph hp th nguyn t ngn la. TCVN 6195: 1996 (ISO 10359/1: 1992), Cht lng nc. Xc nh florua. Phng php d in ha i vi nc sinh hot v nc b nhim nh. TCVN 6196-3: 2000 (ISO 9964/3: 1993), Cht lng nc. Xc nh natri v kali. Phn 3: Xc nh natri v kali bng o ph pht x ngn la. TCVN 6198: 1996 (ISO 6058: 1984), Cht lng nc. Xc nh hm lng canxi. Phng php chun EDTA. TCVN 6222: 1996 (ISO 9174: 1990), Cht lng nc. Xc nh crom tng. Phng php trc ph hp th nguyn t. TCVN 6224: 1996 (ISO 6059 : 1984, Cht lng nc, Xc nh tng s canxi v magie. Phng php chun EDTA. TCVN 6622-1: 2000 (ISO 7875/1: 1984), Cht lng nc. Xc nh cht hot ng b mt. Phn 1: Xc nh cht hot ng b mt anion bng phng php o ph dng metylen xanh. TCVN 6635: 2000 (ISO 9390: 1990), Cht lng nc. Xc nh borat. Phng php o ph dng azometin-H. TCVN 7087: 2002 [CODEX STAN 1 1985 (Rev.1 1991. Amd. 1999 & 2001)], Ghi nhn thc phm bao gi sn. ISO 8360/2: 1988, Water quality Detection and enumeration of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Part 2: Membrane filtration method (Cht lng nc Pht hin v m Pseudomonas aeruginosa Phn 2: Phng php mng lc). AOAC 920.194, Carbonate and bicarbonate in water. Titrimetric method (cacbonat v bicacbonat trong nc. Phng php chun ). AOAC 920.201, Barium in water. Gravimetric method (Bari trong nc. Phng php khi lng). AOAC 920.204, Bromide and iodide in water. Colorimetric method (Bromua v Iodua trong nc. Phng php so mu). AOAC 960.40, Copper in foods. Colorimetric method (ng trong thc phm. Phng php so mu). AOAC 964.16, Antimony in foods. Spectrophotometric method (Atimon trong thc phm. Phng php quang ph). AOAC 973.30, Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and Benzo[a]pyrene in food. Spectrophotometric method (Hydro cacbon thm a vng v Benzo[a]pyrene trong thc phm. Phng php quang ph). AOAC 974.27, Cadmium, chromium, copper, iron, lead, magnesium, manganese, silver, zinc in water Atomic absorption spectrophotometric method (Cadimi, crom, ng, st, ch, mangan, bc, km trong nc. Phng php quang ph hp th nguyn t). AOAC 977.22, Mercury in water Flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometic method (Thy ngn trong nc. Phng php quang ph hp th nguyn t khng ngn la). AOAC 986.15, Asenic, cadmium, lead, selenium and zinc in human and pet foods (Asen, cadimi, ch, selen v km trong thc phm v thc n chn nui). AOAC 990.06, Organochlorine pesticides in water. Gas chromatographic method (Thuc bo v thc vt cha gc clo hu c trong nc. Phng php sc k kh). AOAC 991.07, Nitrogen and phosphorus containing pesticides in finished drinking water. Gas chromatographic method (Thuc bo v thc vt cha gc nit v gc phospho trong nc ung. Phng php sc k kh). 2

3 AOAC 992.14, Pesticides in water. Liquid chromatographic method with ultrraviolet detector (Thuc bo v thc vt trong nc. Phng php sc k lng vi u d tia cc tm). APHA 2120, Color (Xc nh mu sc). APHA 2320, Alkalinity (Xc nh tnh kim). APHA 3111, Metals by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (Xc nh kim loi bng quang ph hp th nguyn t ngn la). APHA 3112, Metals by cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry (Xc nh kim loi bng quang ph hp th nguyn t hi lnh). APHA 3113, Metals by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (Xc nh kim loi bng quang ph hp th nguyn t nhit in). APHA 3114, Arsenic and selenium by hydride generation/atomic absorption spectrometry (Xc nh asen v selen bng quang ph hp th nguyn t/ to hidrua). APHA 4110, Determination of anions by ion chromatography (Xc nh cc anion bng sc k ion). APHA 4500 l-, Iodile (Xc nh idua). APHA 4500 B, Boron (Xc nh Bo). APHA 4500 CN-, Cyanide (Xc nh xianua). APHA 4500 F-, Fluoride (Xc nh florua). APHA 4500 HN3, Ammonia (Xc nh amoniac). APHA 6440, Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (Xc nh hidrocacbon thm a vng). ASTM D 2330-82, Standard test method Of Organochlorine pesticides in water (Phng php th chun v thc bo v gc clo hu c). EPA 507, Deternination of nitrogen and phosphorus containing pesticides in water by gas chromatography with a nitrogen phosphorus detector (Xc nh thuc bo v thc vt cha gc nit v phospho trong nc bng sc k c u d nit phospho). USEPA 7041 A, Antimony. Atomic absorption, furnace technique (Atimon. Phng php hp th nguyn t, k thut nung). USEPA 7740 A, Selenium. Atomic absorption, furnace technique (Selen. Phng php hp th nguyn t, k thut nung). NF T90-112, Dosage de dix lments mtalliques (Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ag, Cd, Pb) pas spectromtrie d absorption atomique dans la flame Mthodes de dosage directe et aprs complexation et extration. NF T90-414, Essais des eaux Recherche et denombrement des coliform et des coliformes thermotolerants Method generale par ensemencement en milieu liquide (NPP). NF T90- 416, Essais des eaux Recherche et denombrement des streptocoques du groupe D Method generale par filtration sur membrate (NEQ ISO 7899/2). NF T90-417, Essais des eaux Recherche et denombrement des spores de bacteries anaerobies sulfito Reductrices de clostridium sulfitto Reducteurs Method generale par filtration sur membrane. NF T90-421, Essais des eaux Examens microbiologique des eaux de piscines. Tiu chun v sinh nc n ung ban hnh km theo Quyt nh s 1329/2002/BYT/Q. 3. Thut ng v nh ngha Trong tiu chun ny p dng cc thut ng v nh ngha sau: 3.1. Nc khong thin nhin ng chai (Bottled/packaged natural mineral water) 3

4 loi nc c th phn bit c r vi nc ung thng thng do: a. c c trng bi hm lng mt s mui khong nht nh v cc t l tng i ca chng v c cc nguyn t vi lng hoc cc thnh phn khc; b. c ly trc tip t cc ngun thin nhin hoc ging khoan t cc mch nc ngm c bo v thch hp khng b nhim hoc nh hng n cht lng ca nc khong thin nhin; c. bn vng v thnh phn, n nh v lu lng v nhit cho d c bin ng ca thin nhin; d. c ly trong cc iu kin m bo sch ban u v vi sinh vt v thnh phn ha hc ca cc thnh phn c bn; e. c ng chai gn ngun vi cc h thng ng dn khp kn m bo cc yu cu v sinh nghim ngt. 3.2. Nc khong thin nhin cha cacbon dioxit (CO2) t nhin (Naturally carbonated natural mineral water) nc khong thin nhin sau khi c x l v ti hp cacbon dioxit ca chnh ngun v sau khi ng chai c hm lng kh cacbon dioxit (CO2) nh ti ngun nc. 3.3. Nnc khong thin nhin khng cha cacbon dioxit (CO2) (Non - carbonated natural mineral water) nc khong thin nhin sau khi x l v ng chai khng cha cacbon dioxit (CO 2) t do vt qu lng cn thit duy tr s tn ti cc mui hydrocacbonat ha tan trong nc. 3.4. Nc khong thin nhin kh cacbon dioxit (CO2) (Decarbonated natural mineral water) nc khong thin nhin sau khi x l v ng chai c hm lng cacbon dioxit (CO 2) nh hn ti ngun nc v khng ng thi pht ra cacbon dioxit di cc iu kin nhit v p sut bnh thng. 3.5. Nc khong thin nhin c b sung cacbon dioxit (CO2) (Natural mineral water fortified with carbon dioxide from the source) nc khong thin nhin sau khi x l v ng chai c cha hm lng cacbon dioxit (CO 2) ln hn ti ngun, lng CO2 c b sung l CO2 t ngun. 3.6. Nc khong thin nhin cha cacbon dioxit (Carbonated natural mineral water) nc khong thin nhin sau khi x l v ng chai c np thm cacbon dioxit (CO2) thc phm. 4. Yu cu k thut 4.1. Ngun nc Ngun nc s dng sn xut nc khong thin nhin ng chai c quy nh bi c quan c thm quyn. 4.2. X l 4.2.1. Cc bin php x l cho php bao gm vic tch cc thnh phn khng n nh nh cc hp cht cha st, magan, lu hunh hoc asen bng phng php gn v/hoc lc, nu cn c tng cng bng qu trnh sc kh cacbonic trc. 4.2.2. Cc bin php x l c p dng i vi iu 4.2.1 v cc sn phm nu trong cc iu t 3.2 n 3.6 ch c thc hin trong iu kin khng lm thay i hm lng khong c trng ca nc. 4

5 4.2.3. Nghim cm vn chuyn nc khong thin nhin trong cc vt cha ri ng chai hoc tin hnh bt c mt qu trnh no khc trc khi ng chai. 4.2.4. Ngoi cc bin php x l trn, nc khong thin nhin ng chai c th c x l theo cc quy trnh cng ngh c quy nh bi c quan c thm quyn. 4.3. Yu cu cm quan i vi nc khong thin nhin ng chai, c quy nh trong bng 1 Bng 1 Yu cu cm quan i vi nc khong thin nhin ng chai Tn ch tiu 1. Mu sc, TCU, khng ln hn 2. c, NTU, khng ln hn 3. Mi, v Yu cu 15 2 Khng c mi, v l

4.4. Tng cht rn ha tan ca nc khong thin nhin ng chai (TDS): nh sn xut t cng b. 4.5. Cc ch tiu lin quan n sc kho i vi nc khong thin nhin ng chai, c quy nh trong bng 2. Bng 2 Cc ch tiu lin quan n an ton sc kho i vi nc khong thin nhin Tn ch tiu 1. Antimon, mg/l, khng ln hn 2. Asen, mg/l tnh theo asen tng s, khng ln hn 3. Bari, mg/l, khng ln hn 4. Borat, mg/l tnh theo B, khng ln hn 5. Cadimi, mg/l, khng ln hn 6. Crom, mg/l tnh theo tng s, khng ln hn 7. ng, mg/l, khng ln hn 8. Xyanua, mg/l, khngln hn 9. Florua, mg/l 10. Ch, mg/l, khng ln hn 11. Mangan, mg/l, khng ln hn 12. Thy ngn, mg/l, khng ln hn 13. Niken, mg/l, khng ln hn 14. Nitrat, mg/l tnh theo nitrat, khng ln hn 15. Nitrit, mg/l tnh theo nitrit, khng ln hn 16. Selen, mg/l, khng ln hn 17. Cc hydrocacbon thm a vng 18. Cht lng hot ng b mt 19. Du khong
1) 2)

Mc 0,005 0,01 0,7 5 0,003 0,05 1 0,07

1)

0,01 0,5 0,001 0,02 50 0,02 0,01

2) 3) 3)

Xem 6.2.3. Theo Tiu chun v sinh nc n ung ban hnh km theo Quyt nh s 1329/2002/BYT/Q. 3) Phi nh hn gii hn quy nh trong cc phng php th tng ng

6 4.6. D lng thuc bo v thc vt trong nc khong thin nhin ng chai: Theo Tiu chun v sinh nc n ung ban hnh km theo Quyt nh s 1329/2002/BYT/Q. 4.7. Yu cu vi sinh vt i vi nc khong thin nhin ng chai trong qu trnh tiu th, nc khong thin nhin: a. phi m bo cht lng khng gy ri ro cho sc kho ngi tiu dng (khng c c cc vi sinh vt gy bnh); b. ngoi ra phi tun th cc yu cu v vi sinh vt sau y: Kim tra ln u E.Coli hoc coliform chu nhit Coliform tng s Streptococci feacal Pseudomonas aeruginosa Bo t vi khun k kh th sunphit 1 x 250ml 1 x 250ml 1 x 250ml 1 x 250ml 1 x 50ml Kim tra ln th hai n Coliform tng s Streptococci feacal Bo t vi khun k kh th sunphit Pseudomonas aeruginosa 4 4 4 4 c* 1 1 1 1 m 0 0 0 0 M 2 2 2 2 Quyt nh Khng pht hin trong bt k mu no Nu > 1 hoc < 2 th tin hnh kim tra ln th 2 Nu > 2 th loi b

----* Cc kt qu ca ln kim tra th nht v th hai. Kim tra ln th hai c thc hin s dng cng th tch nh dng kim tra ln u. n: s n v mu ly t l hng kim tra. c: s lng mu ti c th chp nhn hoc s lng n v muti a cho php vt qu chun m v vi sinh vt. Nu vt qu s ny th l hng c coi l khng t. m: l s lng ti a hoc mc ti a vi khun tng ng/g; cc gi tr trn mc ny c th c chp nhn hoc khng c chp nhn. M: l lng thc phm c chp nhn trong s thc phm khng c chp nhn. Gi tr bng M hoc ln hn M trong bt k mu nod du khng c hcp nhnv nh hng ti sc kho con ngi. 5. Phng php th 5.1.Ly mu, theo TCVN 2652-78 5.2.Xc nh mu sc, theo TCVN 6185: 1996 (ISO 7887: 1985) hoc APHA 2120. 5.3.Xc nh c, theo TCVN 6184: 1996 (ISO 7027: 1990) hoc APHA 2120. 5.4.Xc nh mi v, theo TCVN 2653 78. 5.5.Xc nh hm lng tng cht rn ha tan, theo ph lc A ca TCVN 6053: 1995 (ISO 9696: 1992) hoc TCVN 4560: 1988. 5.6.Xc nh hm lng natri, theo TCVN 6196 3: 2000 (ISO 9964/3: 1993) hoc APHA 3111. 6

7 5.7.Xc nh hm lng kali, theo TCVN 6196-3: 2000 (ISO 9964/3: 1993) hoc APHA 3111. 5.8.Xc nh hm lng canxi, theoTCVN 6198: 1996 (ISO 6058: 1984) hoc APHA 3111. 5.9.Xc nh hm lng magi, theo TCVN 6224: 1996 (ISO 6059: 1984) hoc APHA 3111. 5.10. Xc nh hm lng it, theo AOAC 920.204 hoc APHA 4500 l-. 5.11. Xc nh HCO3, theo AOAC 920.194, hoc APHA 2320. 5.12. Xc nh hm lng antimon, theo AOAC 964.16, hoc APHA 3114 hoc USEPA 7041 A. 5.13. Xc nh hm lng asen, theo TCBN 6182: 1996 (ISO 6596: 1982) hoc AOAC 986.15 hoc APHA 3114. 5.14. Xc nh hm lng bari, theo AOAC 920.201 hoc APHA 3114. 5.15. Xc nh hm lng borat, theo TCVN 6635: 2000 (ISO 9393: 1990) hoc APHA 4500-B. 5.16. Xc nh hm lng cadimi, theo TCVN 6193: 1996 (ISO 8288: 1986) hoc AOAC 986.15 hoc AOAC 974.27 hoc APHA 3113. 5.17. Xc nh hm lng crom, theo TCVN 6222: 1996 (ISO 9174: 1990) hoc APHA 3111. 5.18. Xc nh hm lng ng, theo TCVN 6193: 1996 (ISO 8288: 1996) hoc AOAC 960.40 hoc APHA 3111. 5.19. Xc nh hm lng xyanua, theo TCVN 6181: 1996 (ISO 6703/1: 1984) hoc APHA 4500 CN-. 5.20. Xc nh hm lng florua, theo TCBN 6195: 1996 (ISO 10359/1: 1992) hoc APHA 4500 N-. 5.21. Xc nh hm lng ch, theo TCVN 6193: 1996 (ISO 8288: 1996) hoc AOAC 974.27 hoc APHA 3113. 5.22. Xc nh hm lng magan theo TCVN 6002: 1996 (ISO 6333: 1986) hoc APHA 3111 hoc NF T90-112. 5.23. Xc nh hm lng thy ngn, theo TCVN 5661: 1995 (ISO 5666/3: 1984) hoc AOAC 977.22 hoc APHA 3112. 5.24. Xc nh hm lng niken, theo TCVN 6193: 1996 (ISO 8288: 1996) hoc APHA 3111. 5.25. Xc nh hm lng nitrat,t heo TCVN 6180: 1996 (ISO 7890/3: 1998) hoc APHA 4100. 5.26. Xc nh hm lng nitrit, theo TCVN 6178: 1996 (ISO 6777: 1984). 5.27. Xc nh hm lng selen, theo TCVN 6183: 1996 (ISO 9965: 1993) hoc APHA 3114 hoc USEPA 7740. 5.28. Xc nh hm lng hydrocacbon thm a vng, theo AOAC 973.30 hoc APHA 6440. 5.29. Xc nh d lng thuc bo v thc vt, theo AOAC 992.14 hoc AOAC 990.06 v AOAC 991.07 hoc ASTM D 3086 95 v EPA 507. 5.30. Xc nh cht hot ng b mt, theo TCVN 6622 1: 2000 (ISO 7875/1: 1984) hoc ASTM D 2330 82. 5.31. Xc nh E.coli hoc Coliforms chu nhit, theo TCVN 6187-1: 1996 (ISO 9308/1: 1990). 5.32. Xc nh Coliforms, theo TCVN 6187-1: 1996 1996 (ISO 9308/1: 1990) hoc NF T90-414. 7

8 5.33. Xc nh Streptococci feacal, theo TCVN 6189-2: 1996 (ISO 7899/2: 1984) hoc NF T90-416. 5.34. Xc nh Pseudomonas aeruginosa, theo ISO 8360/2: 1988 hoc NF T90-421. 5.35. Xc nh bo t vi khun k kh th sunphit, theo TCVN 6191-2: 1996 (ISO 6461/2: 1986) hoc NF T90-417. 6. ng gi, ghi nhn, bo qun, vn chuyn 6.1. ng gi 6.1.1. Nc khong thin nhin c ng trong cc chai, cc bnh chuyn dng cho thc phm, m bo yu cu v sinh. 6.1.2. Nc khong thin nhin c ng trong cc chai, bnh c dung tch thch hp, kn, khng b r r bt k t th no, khng lm thay i hoc nh hng n cht lng ca nc khong thin nhin trong qu trnh bo qun v vn chuyn. 6.2. Ghi nhn 6.2.1. Vic ghi nhn i vi nc khong thin nhin phi thc hin theo TCVN 7087: 2002 [CODEX STAN 1 1985 (Rev. 1 1991, Amd. 1999&2001)] Ghi nhn thc phm bao gi sn. 6.2.2. Vic ghi nhn i vi nc khong thin nhin ng chai, ngoi nhng quy nh ti 6.2.1 ca tiu chun ny cn b sung cc ni dung sau y: 6.2.2.1. Tn gi ca sn phm phi l Nc khong thin nhin kt hp vi tn gi thng mi hoc a danh ca ngun nc. Ngoi ra, tu theo bn cht ca tng loi nc khong nh nh ngha 3.2 n 3.6 m ghi r: - Nc khong thin nhin cha cacbon dioxit (CO2) t nhin; - Nc khong thin nhin khng cha cacbon dioxit (CO2); - Nc khong thin nhin kh cacbon dioxit (CO2); - Nc khong thin nhin c b sung cacbon dioxit (CO2) t ngun; - Nc khong thin nhin cha cacbon dioxit. 6.2.2.2. Ghi ln nhn cc thnh phn c trng ca nc khong thin nhin: - Hm lng tng cht rn ha tan; - Hm lng natri; - Hm lng canxi; - Hm lng kali; - Hm lng magi; - Hm lng it; - Hm lng florua; - Hm lng HCO3-. 6.2.2.3. Khi sn phm cha nhiu hn 1mg/l florua th phi ghi trn nhn l c cha florua. Khi sn phm cha nhiu hn 2,0 mg/l florua th phi ghi trn nhn l Sn phm khng thch hp cho tr di 7 tui. 6.2.2.4. Pha di tn gi phi ghi r cc bin php x l p dng. 6.2.2.5. Khng ghi nhn xc nhn lin quan n dc l hoc hiu qu iu tr bnh l. 6.3. Bo qun Nc khong thin nhin ng chai c bo qun iu kin bnh thng. Trnh nh nng trc tip ca mt tri. 6.4. Vn chuyn 8

9 Nc khong thin nhin ng chai c vn chuyn bng cc phng tin vn chuyn kh, sch, c mui che trnh c ma nng, khng lm nh hng n cht lng sn phm.