Waves with both longitudinal and transverse motion may be found in solids as Rayleigh surface waves (named after

John W. Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh). The particles in a solid, through which a Rayleigh surface wave passes, move in elliptical paths, with the major axis of the ellipse perpendicular to the surface of the solid. As the depth into the solid increases the "width" of the elliptical path decreases. Rayleigh waves are different from water waves in one important way. In a water wave all particles travel in clockwise circles. However, in a Rayleigh surface wave, particles at the surface trace out a counter-clockwise ellipse, while particles at a depth of more than 1/5th of a wavelength trace out clockwise ellispes. The movie below shows a Rayleigh wave travelling from left to right along the surface of a solid. I have identified two particles in yellow to illustrate the counterclockwise-clockwise motion as a function of depth. Another example of waves with both longitudinal and transverse motion may be found in solids as Rayleigh surface waves (named after John W. Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh). The particles in a solid, through which a Rayleigh surface wave passes, move in elliptical paths, with the major axis of the ellipse perpendicular to the surface of the solid. As the depth into the solid increases the "width" of the elliptical path decreases. Rayleigh waves are different from water waves in one important way. In a water wave all particles travel in clockwise circles. However, in a Rayleigh surface wave, particles at the surface trace out a counter-clockwise ellipse, while particles at a depth of more than 1/5th of a wavelength trace out clockwise ellispes. The movie below shows a Rayleigh wave travelling from

left to right along the surface of a solid. I have identified two particles in yellow to illustrate the counterclockwise-clockwise motion as a function of depth.

The Rayleigh waves in an earthquake are the waves that cause the most damage during. They travel with velocities slower than S waves, and arrive later, but with much greater amplitudes. These are the waves that are most easily felt during an earthquake and involve both up-down and side-to-side motion.