THNG TIN DI NG Cu 1: Cc chc nng chnh ca cc phn t trong phn h chuyn mch ca h thng GSM: + MSC (Mobile services

Switching Center): trung tm chuyn mch di ng - X l cuc gi (chuyn mch, iu khin & ng k) - Tng tc mng (IWF): giao tip vi PSTN, ISDN, PSPDN - Qun l di ng trn mng v tuyn v cc mng khc - Qun l v tuyn chuyn giao gia cc BSC - X l tnh cc+ VLR (Visitor Location Register): l c s d liu trung gian lu tr tm thi thng tin vthu bao trong vng phc v MSC/VLR c tham chiu t c s d liu HLR. Thng tin lutr trong VLR: - Cc s nhn dng IMSI, MSISDN, TMSI - S hiu nhn dng vng nh v ang phc v MS (LAI) - Danh sch dch v MS c/hn ch s dng - Trng thi ca MS (bn/ri)+ HLR (Home Location Register): l c s d liu tham chiu lu gi cc thng tin lu di vthu bao. Thng tin lu gi trong HLR: - Cc s nhn dng IMSI, MSISDN - Cc thng tin v thu bao - Danh sch dch v MS c/hn ch s dng - S hiu VLR ang phc v MS + AuC (Authentication Center): l c s d liu lu gi kha nhn dng Ki ca cc thu baov to ra b 3 tham s nhn thc (RAND, SRES, Kc) khi HLR yu cu tin hnh qu trnhnhn thc thu bao+ EIR (Equipment Identification Register): l c s d liu lu gi thng tin v tnh hp lca thit b di ng qua s IMEI. Cc mc trng thi c th c: - Danh sch trng: cc u cui c php kt ni vi mng - Danh sch xm: cc u cui t di s gim st ca mng vi nhng vn c thxy ra - Danh sch en: u cui khng c php kt ni vi mng (b bo mt hay khngc duyt vi mng GSM)+ GMSC (Gateway MSC): nh tuyn nhng cuc gi ra ngoi mng v l im

truy cp vinhng cuc gi vo mng t bn ngoi (PSTN, PSPDN, ISDN). Vic la chn nhng MSCno lm vic nh nhng GMSC l do nh iu hnh mng quy nh. Cu 2: Trong di ng GSM, s knh tn s c php s dng rt t so vi tng s thu bao trong mng. Lm th no khng nghn mch trn giao tip v tuyn? GSM s dng phng thc truyn song cng phn chia theo tn s, cc knh v tuyn cah thng c n nh nm trong mt bng tn gii hn c cp pht, do s knh tn sl gii hn v rt t so vi tng s thu bao trong mng. Chnh v th m vic s dng hiuqu bng tn c cp pht c th phc v c mt s lng ln thu bao (v ngy cngtng) l mt vn cn c xem xt n. Mt s phng php c a ra gii quyt vn ny l:- S dng phng php a truy nhp phn chia theo thi gian (TDMA) tng s lngthu bao c th phc v trong mt knh v tuyn. C th mi knh v tuyn s c chiathnh 8 khe thi gian (TS: Time Slot), mi khe thi gian c th phc v cho 1 thu bao, nhvy s thu bao c phc v s tng ln.- S dng li tn s nhng khong cch m bo t s C/I khng nh hng nhiu ticht lng dch v. Phng php ny nhm tng hiu sut s dng knh v tuyn, cng mtknh v tuyn c th c s dng nhng v tr khc nhau min l nhiu vi knh cng tns c kim sot.- Ty theo nhu cu dch v nhng vng khc nhau m c s iu chnh quy hochthch hp. C th, vi nhng vng c mt ng, nhu cu s dng dch v cao th s tngmt phn b cc trm BTS (chia nh vng phc v, lp thm BTS nu cn thit kt hpvi quy hoch tn s thch hp). Cu 3:Trong di ng Tng i qun l v tr ca thu bao da vo -Location update:Cp nht v tr ca MS ( mode idle) khi MS di chuyn-IMSI Attach/Detach: Cp nht v tr khi MS bt hay tt-Periodic registration: Cp nht theo mt khong thi gian nh trc phngtrng hp MS i vo vng khng c song Cu 4 : Khi MS ang ch m thoi v di chuyn sang BTS khc th da vou n c bit c thay i BTS. Khi MS ang ch m thoi v di chuyn sang BTS khc s da vo giao thchandover (handover procedure) bit c hay khng vic thay i BTS nhm duy tr tnh lintc ca cuc gi.Qu trnh handover tin hnh nh sau:1/MS ch m thoi (dedicate mode) theo chu k s gi cc MR (MeasurementReports) cho BTS thng qua knh Uplink SACCH (480ms/ln nu MS ang chim knhTCH,470ms/ln khi MS ang chim knh SDCCH) .C th phn MR thnh 2 loi:-Uplink MR:c o lng bi BTS,cho bit thng tin v mc thu v cht lng thu t MSDowlink MR:c o lng bi MS,cho bit mc thu,cht lng thu,TA,kiu cngsut,DTX,...ca cell ang phc v (serving cell).ng thi MS s o lng cng sut knhBCCH ca cc neighbor cell,chn ra 6 neighbor cell c mc thu cao nht v bo co v choBTS2/Cc MR sau c gi cho BSC.Da vo cc thng tin trn,BSC s chy thut tonHandover (HO Algorithm) quyt nh c thc hin HO hay khng.3/Nu phi HO,BSC s gi Handover Command cho MS.MS s c h thng thit lpmt kt ni mi sau khi gii ta kt ni c. Tng i c bit c hng di chuyn ca MS hay khng?Nu c hy gii thch. C tri mi bit MS mun di chuyn hng no.Tng i ch c th xc nh v tr caMS m thi.

Cu 5. iu khin cng sut l g? Mc ch ca iu khin cng sut. Trnh bynhng cch iu khin cng sut trong di ng v cho bit cch no ti u hn? V sao? - iu khin cng sut l qu trnh iu chnh mc cng sut pht ca BTS v MS khiMS di chuyn li gn hay ra xa BTSVi h thng GSM, BTS ch iu chnh cng sut 1 ln khi ci t (do BTS ch qun l 1vng c nh), cn MS phi thay i mc cng sut pht ca mnh do s thay i v tr ca nso vi BTS.- Mc ch ca iu khin cng sut l cho php ch cn pht vi mc tn hiu cn thit(thp nht c th) m vn duy tr c cht lng cuc m thoi. Li ch chnh t vic iuchnh cng sut l gim nhiu knh v tuyn vi cc thit b khc v tng thi gian s dng pin ca MS.- Nhng cch iu khin cng sut(1) iu khin vng h: MS o cng sut m n nhn c t BTS t iu chnh cng sut pht ca n. Dng iu khin cp th.u im: p ng nhanh Nhc im: Khng chnh xc do:( i ) s u y h a o n g l n v n g x u n g k h c n h a u ; (ii)cng sut m MS nhn c l t n g c n g s u t c a t t c c c B T S x u n g q u a n h . (2) iu khin vng ng: BTS da vo cng sut nhn c t MS, kt hp tnh ton datrn cc thng s truyn sng quyt nh mc cng sut pht ca MS. Dng iu khin cp tinh; kt hp b sung cho kiu iu chnh cp th cch 1. Nh vy cch 2 s ti u hn do c s tnh ton ti u BSC.Thc t s dng kt hp c 2 cch v ln u khi MS truy nhp mng th s dng vng h (nh mc cng sut cn pht ln BTS ln u tin), sau khi truy nhp mng s dng vngng c c mc cng sut pht ph hp nht. iu khin cng sut trong h thng CDMA c g khc bit so vi h thng GSM? - Ngoi tit kim cng sut pht ca BTS v MS, khc vi GSM, iu khin cng suttrongCDMA cn phi iu chnh cng sut pht ca cc MS sao cho cc tn hiu uplink n BTScmc cng sut bng nhau gim nh hng ln nhau gia cc knh uplink ca MS (hiunggn xa).- Bc iu chnh cng sut trong h thng GSM l 2dB, nhp iu chnh l 60ms(khong 16ln mi s); trong CDMA, mi step iu chnh l 1dB, nhp 1,25ms (800 ln mi s).- Trong CDMA, BTS lin tc gim dn cng sut pht v khi FER bt u tng (tn hiuhi tip tMS) th BTS s tng cng sut pht.

UMTS-Properties and Services ng ngy: 03:42 06-10-2009Bi ny chng ta s im qua mt s c im chnh ca UMTS cng nh ccdch v n h tr. Nhng trc ht, chng ta nhn li mt ln na kin trc caUMTS, t bit l phn core. Vi cc cng ngh truyn dn STM, ATM, IP vicm bo cht lng dch v ti min core khng phi l iu kh khn, v vy khiUMTS pht trin u ch trng n phn Access. iu cho chng ta d hiuhn ti sao khi ni v 3G, UMTS hay cc phin bn v sau HSDPA, HSUPA upht trin ch yu phn UTRAN. By gi quay tr li vi tnh cht ca UMPS. lat bi ny ti ch trnh by UMTS theohng cng ngh WCDMA c s dng ph bin, v vy ti thng dng qua li giaWCDMA v UMTS.WCDMA l k thut tri ph trc tip bng rng, thng tin d liu s c tri thnh di bng tn 5MHz bng cch nhn vi chui m ngu nhin ( thng gi l chip). Khc viCDMA (IS95) tc chip l 1MHz, WCDMA tc chip l 3.84Mcps v vy cho php tc truy nhp d liu nhanh hn.WCDMA cho php mi ngi s dng c nh v trong mt frame c chiu di l 10ms.Tc d liu trong mt thi gian mt frame l c nh, tuy nhin tc d liu c th thayi theo cc frame khc nhau, y chnh l mt t tnh cho php ci tin nng cao tc ca WCDMA m ta s thy r trong cc phin bn sau nh HSDPA, HSUPA. Vic thayi tc c iu khin bng network m bo ti u ha lu lng trn mng cu ccdch v

chuyn mch gi.WCDMA h tr hai mode hat ng FDD v TDD. Vi FDD, hai di tn s sng mang5MHz c s dng cho cc ng uplink v downlink mt cch ring bit. trong khi

TDD ch c mt di tn 5MHz c s dng cho c uplink v downlink bng cch phn chiatheo thi gian.Khc vi h thng IS95 l h thng ng b, mi trm thng phi c GPS ly tn hiung b tan cu, WCDMA l h thng bt ng b, vic ly c ng b chng ta sthy r hn trong th tc chn cell sau ny. Chnh t im ny cho php WCDMA pht trind dng trong cc mi trng indoor v cc micro cell.WCDMA c pht trin cho php kt hp vi h thng GSM, v vy vic chuyn cuc git WCDMA sang GSM c h tr rt tt, chng ta s thy r hn t im ny khi xem xtti qu trnh handover trong WCDMA. Ni v dch v ca UMTS, hnh trn cho chng ta thy tt c. Vi s ra i ca WCDMA,h thng UMTS cho php trin khai tt c cc lai dch v trn mi trng v tuyn. ngtrn phng din cht lung dch v, l ni dung trong chng trnh thc tp ca ti tiFrance Orange Telecom, UMTS chia cc dch v mnh h tr thnh 4 lp nh sau :Lp cao nht (Conversational class): t im ca lp ny yu cu dch v phi m boc sai lch v thi gian ca thng tin gia bn gi v bn nhn (variation), ng thiyu cu v delay rt khc khe. Cc dch v ca nhm

ny nh l thai (voice), videoconference, video gameLp th hai ( Streaming class): vi lp ny khng yu cu khc khe v delay nhng b buc m bo c sai lnh thi gian ca thng tin l nh nhau (variation). Cc dch vca lp ny nh l Streaming multimedia, Video on demand.Lp th ba (Interactive class): Vi cc dch v lp ny yu cu m bo c tnh tng tcca ng dng v tan vn d liu. Cc dch v v d nh web browsing, network gameLp cui cng (Background) : t im ca lp ny yu cu tnh tan vn d liu, nhngkhng yu cu v mt thi gian. Cc ng dng v d nh file downloading, emails Ti y, hi vng chng ta c c nhng khi nim chung v cc t tnhquan trng cng nh cc lp dch v ca UMTS. Hn gp li trong cc bi sau

UMTS-Channels and Radio layer ng ngy: 16:50 17-10-2009 Bi ny ti dn cc bn n vi mt trong nhng phn kh nut nht khi ti nghin cu vUMTS. Tuy nhin y chnh l nn tng c bn nghin cu tip cc th tc v sau. V vyta nn lm quen vi n.Ti gi n cc bn hnh v c tng hp li theo ti v ch gii thch da theo hnh vny vi mong mun em n cho cc bn mt ci nhn tng qut v kin trc phn lp cngnh cc knh tn hiu c s dng trong mi trng UTRAN ca UMTS. Nh trnh by trn hnh, UTRAN hot ng ba lp di ca m hnh OSI. Trong lp 2c chia thnh hai lp nh l MAC (Medium Access Control) v RLC (Radio

Link Control). Ngai ra ng v phng din qun l ta c hai mt phng: mt phng iu khinv mt phng ngi dng. Cc dch v RLC c iu khin bi RRC (Radio ResourceControl) cho vic bo hiu. mt phng ngi dng, cc dch v ca RLC c s dng bicc chc nng ng dng lp cao hoc hai giao thc c bit: PDCP (Packet DataConvergence Protocol) thc hin chc nng nn d liu i vi cc dch v chuyn mch