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~ti.

POTTERY ASSEMBLAGE OF AN EARLY CHALCOLIIC HOUSE

KACHISA IN VELIKO TARNOVO

Pe/ar Lesh/akov
(Summary)

The prehistoric site of Kachitsa is situated in tlle western industrial zone of the city of Veliko Tarnovo. Because of
ongoing intensive building works, rescue excavation project was carried out in 1972-1979. According to the excavator
Peter Stanev, two layers were identified at tlle site dating to the late Neolithic and early Chalcolithic. The latter yielded
relatively few closed contexts. of them is burnt rectangular house in Sector III with the following surviving
dimensions: 10.20 m (NE-SW) 8 m (NW-SE).
Its pottery assembIage divided into the fllwig categories: bowls, deep bowls, pots, storage vessels,
'strainers', lids d t-stds .
The first category is represented three main shapes: conical bowls; cone-conical bowls; and cylindrical-conical
bowls . They decorated with plastic 'buttOI1S', cuts, incisions, hlig graphite it .

. ,

,,"

30

45

D bowls also divided into three main shapes: cylindrical-conical bowls; carinated bowls; and cylindricalconical necked bowls. They are decorated with plastic 'buttons' and bands, barbotine, incised dots or graphite paint.
Pots are divided into three main shapes: cylindrical-conical pots with horizontaHy inverted mouth rim; semisphericalconical pots with relatively high cylindrical neck; and cylindrical-conical pots with low neck. They are decorated with
impressed plastic bands, conic 'buttons' or channeling.
Storage vessels have also three main shapes: cylindrical-conical vessels with low neck; vessels with high cylindrical
neck, bulging middle part and conical lower part; and semispherical-conical vessels with relatively high neck. They are
decorated with white-encrusted negative excision or plastic 'buttons'.
The last three categories - 'strainers', lids and pot-stands, ofthem undecorated - are very few.
The comparative analysis carried out demonstrates that the pottery assemblage ofthe Kachitsa house is simultaneous
with Tell Hotnitsa (horizons XIV-XIII), Russe (horizons XVII-XVI) and Tell Ovcharovo (horizons IY-Y). This
allows its tentative reference to the end of Polyanitsa culture, phase III or the very beginning of phase IV (according to
Henrieta Todorova's periodizgtion). The scanty close parallels to the northeast Bulgarian sites, however, suggest the possibility
that Polyanitsa regional variant had developed in the early Chalcolithic, in the catchment area of the Yantra and
partially of the Russenski Lom rivers. This is the reason for the formal and decorative differences between the Kachitsa
pottery assemblage and the previously published ones. This is supported the material culture revealed at the site as weH
as the pottery assemblages of sites dating to earlier or later phases, e.g. . Karavelovo and Orlovets.

46

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48

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53

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Fig. 8. -. Storage vessels, - Strainers, -. Lids,
54

Pot-stands