WIRELESS INTERNET NETWORKING: IMPACTS ON RURAL DEVELOPLMENT

Hamid Reza Barzegar M.Tech Student of Computer Network and Information Security Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Iran hr.barzegar@gmail.com
ABSTRACT-Fundamental developments on rural area are so considerable because these regions are both the core of nutrition sources and the center of economical improvement of each country. On the other hand, during these days, Internet is ubiquities in all parts of human life; accordingly, it seems that we should develop rural areas by way of Internet potentialities, especially via Wireless Internet Devices and related Applications. Moreover, it is possible to spread a low-cost Internet connection for rural areas in order to advertise rustic products, leading to improve tourism industry as an example. Generally, this paper presents some amalgamation of methods, recently utilized in Android and Apple IOS.

Abdolmajid Shahgholi M.Tech Student of Computer Network and Information Security, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Iran shahgholi_a@hotmail.com

KEY WORDS: MOBILE COMPUTING, MOBILE DEVICES, GPRS, WIFI, ANDROID OS, APPLE IOS

1. INTRODUCTION In the information era, mobile devices do a lot of action such as surfing on the internet, watching the online video, and buying something from the online shop and so on. For this purpose, we need to a smartphone with a smart operating system then in this century a lot of mobile phone operating systems like: Android OS, Apple IOS, and windows OS from Microsoft are introduced [1]. A mobile operating system, also known as a mobile OS, mobile software platform or a handheld operating system, is the operating system that controls a mobile device or information appliance-similar in principle to an operating system such as Windows, Mac OS X, or Linux distributions and some other OS maybe you know, controlling a desktop computer or laptop. However, they are currently somewhat simpler, and deal more with the wireless versions of broadband and local connectivity, mobile multimedia formats, and different input methods because we have some restriction resources in our mobile hardware. [2] The increasing importance of mobile devices

has triggered intense competition amongst software giants such as Google, Microsoft, and Apple, as well as mobile industry leaders Nokia, Research In Motion (RIM), and Palm, in a bid to capture the largest market share preemptively.[3] Android is an operating system for mobile devices such as smartphones and tablet computers. It is developed by the Open Handset Alliance led by Google. [4] Apple IOS is Apple's mobile operating system. Originally developed for the iPhone, it has since been extended to support other Apple, Inc. devices such as the iPod Touch, iPad, and Apple TV. Apple, Inc. does not license IOS for installation on third-party hardware. [5][6] 2. Services with Mobile Phones You can have a mobile OS on some mobile devices such as a Tablet, Mobile cellphone and so on. In fact, in addition to the version of OS you have and the services you can use, it depends to your device hardware; for example, if your device has a front camera, you can have a video conversation or some hardware devices like GPS, touchscreens, gyroscopes, pressure sensors, and some other special wireless sensor and hardware. These features are: A. Connectivity: Connectivity technologies consist of GSM/EDGE, IDEN, CDMA, EV-DO, UMTS, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, LTE, NFC and WiMAX. With connectivity technology like NFC you can pay your bill with your mobile instead of your credit/debit card or cash or with WiMAX an Wi-Fi you can connect to a network and use the services, provided in that special network.

B. Web Browser: Each OS has a special web browser like your desktop or laptop system when you install Microsoft OS, your default web browser is Internet Explorer or when you use Apple OS your default OS is Safari. The web browser available in Android is based on the opensource Web Kit layout engine, coupled with Chrome's V8 JavaScript engine. C. Video Calling: Most of the OS support video calling. You can use directly video calling with OS or with some application like ooVoo or Skype that you should install on your device and then use a video call but it depends on your hardware as well as OS. D. Multitasking: Multitasking of applications is available on the OS. It means you can open some application on your mobile device; for example, you can listen to music and work with your word processor. [7][8] E. Voice Based Features: With your mobile device you can have a voice conversation through GPRS, UMTS and also it depends on your mobile device, supporting SIM card or a Microphone is not embedded on your device. III. Apps for Developing Rural Area: Mobile apps, also called mobile applications, are software applications, usually designed to run on smartphones and tablet computers. They are available through application distribution platforms which are typically operated by the owner of the mobile operating system, such as the App Store[9], Android Market, and Microsoft Marketplace. Some apps are free, and others have price tags. Usually, they are downloaded from the platform to a target device such as an iPhone, Microsoft, or Android phone, but sometimes they can be downloaded to the less mobile computers such as laptops or desktops. For apps with a price tag, generally a percentage of 20-30%, goes to the distribution provider (such as iTunes), and the rest, to the producer of the app. [10]

they had to travel the big city to see a physician, but now in this century, it is not needed to do that action but just through Internet Physician [11], one can see a doctor and receive his prescription. In this paper, we want to describe about some of these services and technologies which can develop an isolated area with low price device or application. To develop the rural area, we have a lot of areas; thus, we divide this element into 5 elements as you can read in this paper: Agriculture With this model, farmers can take a photo from planet or make a live video streaming and send it online from his farm to agriculture engineer and he can decide which poison is good for the field. The relative recent penetration / adaption of mobile services in rural areas means that we still rely heavily on anecdote and pilot successes, although more robust evidence/analysis is starting to emerge (including the other presentations in this session!)
Some tough questions around the use of mobile devices in agricultural development have been the starting point of a series of sessions organized by CTA that culminated in 2009 ICT Observatory wiki and in the knowledge cafe on m-agriculture at the IAALD Congress. M-agriculture refers to agricultural services, technology dissemination, and communication using mobile devices such as mobile phones, laptops, notebooks, PDAs and other wireless enabled devices. [12] Technology has changed the information formats. There is a need to develop tailored apps and information, but attention in particular should be given to the possibility of sending images, videos or voice rather than the text. New compression technologies for video, audio and images would be highly desirable so that multimedia could travel light. Also content standards may become necessary, not only in terms of formats but particularly in terms of the

Through wireless internet, the world has been changed. In 20 years earlier, in a very far area, when somebody got sick,

methodologies used to collect and synthesize the information. Information and applications rely often on location, which is automatically detected by mobile devices so that local content can be pushed to users. By looking at content, we need to look at it in interaction with the environment, so the technology is not considered in isolation. This model of magriculture was developed in some African country such as a Uganda

service, and information. Health

some

other

beneficial

Tourism
The crossroad between developments in tourism innovation, ICT, telecommunication and sustainability issues is an interesting space with a variety of options for all decision makers. ICT is already deeply interwoven with the value chain of tourism and is relevant both for mass tourism or sustainability oriented tourism approaches. Forecasting rapid growth of the mobile component in e-tourism is a safe bet: the arrival and rapid diffusion of smartphones will simply change the way decisions are taken as substantial parts of the e-business will be concluded on mobile devices. Additionally, innovation, in software and applications, makes these devices more versatile, the starting point for social innovations and a new source of data to analyze the behavior of people. The arrival of the app store pioneered by Apple as changed the landscape for tourism marketers and for the mobile industry overall. While all is correct in the pre-holiday phase and for tourists that spend their holidays within the coverage of their home network, the pictures changes substantially for tourists travelling abroad.[13]

Mobile E-Health or M-Health broadly encompasses the use of mobile telecommunication and multimedia technologies as they are integrated within increasingly mobile and wireless health care delivery systems. The field broadly encompasses the use of mobile telecommunication and multimedia technologies in health care delivery. M-Health (also written as m-health or mobile health) is a term used for the practice of medicine and public health, supported by mobile devices. The term is most commonly used in reference to using mobile communication devices, such as mobile phones for health services and information. The M-Health field has emerged as a sub-segment of E-Health, the use of information and communication technology (ICT), such as computers, mobile phones, for health services and information. M-Health applications include the use of mobile devices in collecting community and clinical health data, delivery of healthcare information to practitioners, researchers, and patients, realtime monitoring of patient vital signs, and direct provision of care (via mobile telemedicine). M-Health is one aspect of EHealth which is pushing the limits of how to acquire, transport, store, process, and secure the raw and processed data to deliver meaningful results. M-Health offers to the ability of remote individuals to participate in the health care value matrix, which may not have been possible in the past. [14]

Education
As iPhones, iPads, and other smartphones touches become more integrated in classrooms, educators and students are looking for new ways to apply them to the learning process. Applications on all of these devices can help automate current classroom processes or present new ways to learn that previously had been unexplored. Technology professionals who have developed mobile apps for universities share what they have learned throughout the process. There are tools available that allow you to

With this model we can have a lot of mobile applications which specially advertise about one village and other beneficial related information to that village such as who can speak foreign language, some photos and videos related to tourist attraction, hotel, price of each

build an app yourself very cheaply with no real programming knowledge. We can introduce 2 new words E-school and Euniversity. With this app, school, university, and other educational institutes can teach new science to other people and the folks can have an access to institutes through their mobile device and Internet. Other benefit of this model is the transport of the passenger will be near to 0 because student can learn through their mobile device in each place which covered by Internet. [15] CONCLUSIONS This paper has described fundamental concepts of mobile services which are necessary to understanding the final goal. In order to use these services, we should have a wireless Internet networking; this model of Internet for rural area is low-cost with some services such as GSM or WiMax. The latest researches on undeveloped areas such as some part of Africa like Uganda that has shown when people use these models of technologies for their life; they had a better life with low-cost and are easy to achieve that special service. Finally; by use of wireless Internet networking in all undeveloped area, we can have low-cost health, low-cost education and so on.

Technology: New Generations (ITNG), International Conference on IEEE April 2010

2010

Seventh

[6] Tilson, D.; Sorensen, C.; Lyytinen, K.; The Paradoxes of Change and Control in Digital Infrastructures: The Mobile Operating Systems Case in: Mobile Business (ICMB), 2011 Tenth International Conference on IEEE June 2011 [7] Luo Qi; Luo Lei; A universal solution of an embedded multitasking GUI System in: Embedded Software and Systems, 2005. Second International Conference on IEEE Dec. 2005 [8] Wei, C.Y.; Capturing Mobile Phone Usage: Research Methods for Mobile Studies In: Professional Communication Conference, 2007. IPCC 2007 IEEE International, Oct. 2007 [9] Kimbler, K.; App store strategies for service providers in: Intelligence in Next Generation Networks (ICIN), 2010 14th International Conference on Oct. 2010 [10] Jieun Kim; Youngjung Geum; Yongtae Park; Typology of convergence for digital contents service: The case of App Store in: Service Systems and Service Management (ICSSSM), 2010 7th International Conference on June 2010 [11] Goh, K.W.; Kim, E.; Lavanya, J.; Kim, Y.; Soh, C.B.; Issues in Implementing a Knowledge-based ECG Analyzer for Personal Mobile Health Monitoring in: Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 2006. EMBS '06. 28th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Aug. 30 2006-Sept. 3 2006 [12] http://observatory2009.cta.int/wiki/bin/view on 2009 [13] Tzong-Heng Chi; Huey-Hsi Lo; Yi-Han Chu; A Mobile Tourism Application Model Based on Collective Interactive Genetic Algorithms in Computer Sciences and Convergence Information Technology, 2009. ICCIT '09. Fourth International Conference on Nov. 2009 [14] www.vitalwaveconsulting.com/pdf/mHealth.pdf [15] Farooq, U.; Schafer, W.; Rosson, M.B.; Carroll, J.M.; MEducation: bridging the gap of mobile and desktop computing in: Wireless and Mobile Technologies in Education, 2002. Proceedings. IEEE International Workshop on 2002 [16] Weifeng Jiao; Jialing Zhao; Study on Communication between Home and School System Based on Mobile Education Platform in : Information Technologies and Applications in Education, 2007. ISITAE '07. First IEEE International Symposium on Nov. 2007 [17] Huang Bin; The study of Mobile Education development based on 3G technique and Cloud Computing in: Uncertainty Reasoning and Knowledge Engineering (URKE), 2011 International Conference on Aug. 2011 [18] EunJung Han; HwangKyu Yang; Keechul Jung; Mobile Education through Camera-Equipped Mobile Phones in: Convergence Information Technology, 2007. International Conference on Nov. 2007 [19] Nkosi, M.T.; Mekuria, F.; Cloud Computing for Enhanced Mobile Health Applications in: Cloud Computing Technology and Science (CloudCom), 2010 IEEE Second International Conference on Nov. 30 2010-Dec. 3 2010 [20] Feng Wang; Zepernick, H.-J.; Autocorrelation analysis of spatial features for mobile video services in: Signal Processing and Communication Systems, 2008. ICSPCS 2008. 2nd International Conference on Dec. 2008

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