Java remote method invocation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

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Java remote method invocation

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Java Remote Method Invocation Application Programming Interface (API), or Java RMI, is a Java API that performs the object-oriented equivalent of remote procedure calls (RPC).

1. The original implementation depends on Java Virtual Machine (JVM) class representation mechanisms and it thus only supports making calls from one JVM to another. The protocol underlying this Java-only implementation is known as Java Remote Method Protocol (JRMP). 2. In order to support code running in a non-JVM context, a CORBA version was later developed.

A typical implementation model of Java-RMI using stub and skeleton objects. Java 2 SDK, Standard Edition, v1.2 removed the need for a skeleton.

Usage of the term RMI may denote solely the programming interface or may signify both the API and JRMP, whereas the term RMI-IIOP (read: RMI over IIOP) denotes the RMI interface delegating most of the functionality to the supporting CORBA implementation.

Contents
1 Generalized code 2 Jini version 3 Example 4 See also 5 References 6 External links

Generalized code
The programmers of the original RMI API generalized the code somewhat to support different implementations, such as a HTTP transport. Additionally, the ability to pass arguments "by value" was added to CORBA in order to support the RMI interface. Still, the RMI-IIOP and JRMP implementations do not have fully identical interfaces. RMI functionality comes in the package java.rmi
(http://download.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/rmi/package-summary.html) , while most of Sun's implementation is located in the sun.rmi package. Note that with Java versions before Java 5.0 developers had to compile RMI stubs in a separate compilation step using rmic.

Version 5.0 of Java and beyond no longer require this step.

Jini version

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Jini offers a more advanced version of RMI in Java. It functions similarly but provides more advanced searching capabilities and mechanisms for distributed object applications.[1]

Example
The following classes implement a simple client-server program using RMI that displays a message. class listens to RMI requests and implements the interface which is used by the client to invoke remote methods.
RmiServer
import java.rmi.Naming; import java.rmi.RemoteException; import java.rmi.RMISecurityManager; import java.rmi.server.UnicastRemoteObject; import java.rmi.registry.*; public class RmiServer extends UnicastRemoteObject implements RmiServerIntf { public static final String MESSAGE = "Hello world"; public RmiServer() throws RemoteException { } public String getMessage() { return MESSAGE; } public static void main(String args[]) { System.out.println("RMI server started"); // Create and install a security manager if (System.getSecurityManager() == null) { System.setSecurityManager(new RMISecurityManager()); System.out.println("Security manager installed."); } else { System.out.println("Security manager already exists."); } try { //special exception handler for registry creation LocateRegistry.createRegistry(1099); System.out.println("java RMI registry created."); } catch (RemoteException e) { //do nothing, error means registry already exists System.out.println("java RMI registry already exists."); } try { //Instantiate RmiServer RmiServer obj = new RmiServer(); // Bind this object instance to the name "RmiServer" Naming.rebind("//localhost/RmiServer", obj); System.out.println("PeerServer bound in registry"); } catch (Exception e) { System.err.println("RMI server exception:" + e); e.printStackTrace(); } } }

RmiServerIntf

interface defines the interface that is used by the client and implemented by the

server.
import java.rmi.Remote; import java.rmi.RemoteException; public interface RmiServerIntf extends Remote { public String getMessage() throws RemoteException; }

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class this is the client which gets the reference (a proxy) to the remote object living on the server and invokes its method to get a message. If the server object implemented java.io.Serializable instead of java.rmi.Remote, it would be serialized and passed to the client as a value[2].
RmiClient
import java.rmi.Naming; import java.rmi.RemoteException; import java.rmi.RMISecurityManager; public class RmiClient { // "obj" is the reference of the remote object RmiServerIntf obj = null; public String getMessage() { try { obj = (RmiServerIntf)Naming.lookup("//localhost/RmiServer"); return obj.getMessage(); } catch (Exception e) { System.err.println("RmiClient exception: " + e); e.printStackTrace(); return e.getMessage(); } } public static void main(String args[]) { // Create and install a security manager if (System.getSecurityManager() == null) { System.setSecurityManager(new RMISecurityManager()); } RmiClient cli = new RmiClient(); System.out.println(cli.getMessage()); } }

Before running this subj, we need to make 'Stub' file of interface we used. For this task we have the RMI compiller - 'rmic' Note: we make stub file from *.class with implementation remote interface, not '*.java'*
rmic RmiServer

Note that since version 5.0 of J2SE support for dynamically generated stub files has been added, and rmic is only provided for backwards compatibility with earlier run times.[3] this file is required on the server to allow TCP/IP communication for the remote registry and for the RMI server.
server.policy
grant { permission java.net.SocketPermission "127.0.0.1:*", "connect,resolve"; permission java.net.SocketPermission "127.0.0.1:*", "accept"; };

The server.policy file should be used using the D switch of Java RTE, e.g.:
java.exe -Djava.security.policy=server.policy RmiServer

client.policy

this file is required on the client to connect to RMI Server using TCP/IP.

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grant { permission java.net.SocketPermission "127.0.0.1:*", "connect,resolve"; };

no.policy

also if you have any troubles with connecting, try this file for server or client.

grant { permission java.security.AllPermission; };

See also
Cajo project Java serialization

References
1. ^ Taylor, Ian J. From P2P to Web Services and Grids - Peers in a Client/Server World. Springer, 2005 2. ^ http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-11-2000/jw-1110-smartproxy.html 3. ^ "Jave RMI Release Notes" (http://docs.oracle.com/javase/1.5.0/docs/guide/rmi/relnotes.html) . Oracle. http://docs.oracle.com/javase/1.5.0/docs/guide/rmi/relnotes.html. Retrieved 9 May 2012.

External links
[1] (http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/tech/index-jsp-136424.html) - Remote Method Invocation Home The Java RMI tutorial (http://download.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/rmi/index.html) - a good starting point to learn RMI. Also check the Hello World in RMI (http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.5.0/docs/guide/rmi/hello/hello-world.html) the Java RMI online training (http://java.sun.com/developer/onlineTraining/rmi/RMI.html) Very good for training JavaRMI and as reference The RMI page in the JDK docs (http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.5.0/docs/guide/rmi/index.html) java.rmi (http://download.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/rmi/packagesummary.html) (Sun's Java API Reference for the RMI package) Wollrath, Ann; Riggs, Roger; Waldo, Jim (PDF). A Distributed Object Model for the Java System (http://pdos.csail.mit.edu/6.824/papers/waldo-rmi.pdf) . http://pdos.csail.mit.edu/6.824/papers/waldo-rmi.pdf. Retrieved 2009-02-11. Programming WebLogic RMI (http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E12840_01/wls/docs103/rmi/rmi_intro.html) - an introduction to RMI in Oracle Weblogic. General Remote Method Invocation (http://notes.corewebprogramming.com/student/RMI.pdf) Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php? title=Java_remote_method_invocation&oldid=501856590" Categories: Java platform Remote procedure call This page was last modified on 12 July 2012 at 09:22. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. See Terms of use for details.

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