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STANDARD DIMENSIONS OF AN ELECTRICAL PLAN: 760 mm X 1000 mm 600 mm X 900 mm 500 mm X 760 mm PARTS OF AN ELECTRICAL Plan: 1. Title Block 2. Location Plan a. Bordering areas showing public or well known streets, landmarks and/or structures. b. Location of service drops, service equipment and nearest pole of the utility company furnishing electrical energy. 3. Floor Plan Showing Location of Equipment and Devices, and their interconnection wiring: a. Power Layout b. Lighting Layout c. Communication Circuit Layout 4. One line diagram 5. Design computation 6. Schedule of Loads 7. Legend of Symbols 8. Specifications 9. Riser Diagram DEFINITION OF TERMS:

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ELECTRICAL SYSTEM DESIGN refers to the choice of electrical systems, including planning and detailing of requirements for protection, control, monitoring, coordination and interlocking of electrical systems among others. Industrial Plant or Factory - refers to manufacturing assembly plants, including engineering shops, shipyards, or other business endeavors where electrical machinery and equipment are installed. Commercial Establishments: are department stores, supermarkets, shopping malls, office buildings, hotels, theatres, stadiums, condominiums, convention centers, restaurants and the like, used for business or profit. Institutional building are school buildings, hospitals, museums, display centers, government buildings and the like. Lamp A generic term for an artificial source of light. Outlet A point on the wiring system at which current is taken to supply utilization equipment. Ampacity The current in amperes a conductor can carry continuously under the conditions of use without exceeding its temperature rating. Surge Arrester A protective device for limiting surge voltage on equipment by discharging or bypassing surge current. Assembly A combination of all or of a portion of component parts included in an electric apparatus, mounted on a supporting frame or panel, and properly interwired. Automatic Self-acting, operating by its own mechanism when actuated by some impersonal influence. Branch Circuit The circuit conductors between the final overcurrent device protecting the circuit and the outlet.

Bus A conductor , a group of conductors, in switchgear assemblies which serves as a common connection for two or more circuits. Single Conductor Cable A stranded conductor with or without insulation and other covering. Control The methods and means of governing the performance of any electric apparatus , equipment, fixture, machine or system. Device A unit of an electrical system which is intended to carry but not utilize electric energy. One family Dwelling A building consisting solely of one dwelling unit. Multi family Dwelling - A building containing three or more dwelling units. Dwelling units One or more rooms for the use of one or more persons as a housekeeping unit with space for eating, living and sleeping and permanent provisions for cooking and sanitation. Duct A single enclosed raceway for conductors or cables. Illumination It is the density of the luminous flux on a surface. Lumen It is equal to the flux through a unit solid angle from a uniform point source of one candle. Footcandle The illuminance produced by a luminous flux of one lumen uniformly distributed over a surface of one square foot. Luminance The luminous intensity of any surface in a given direction per unit of projected area of the surface as viewed from that direction (Photometric brightness) Footlambert A unit of luminance equal to 1/ candela per square foot. Nit SI unit of luminance where the meter is taken as the unit of length. Candela per square meter. Luminous efficacy a quantity denoting the effectiveness of light sources. It is the ratio of the total luminous flux (lumen) to the total power input (watts) Reflectance the ratio of reflected flux to incident flux. Transmittance the ratio of the transmitted flux to the incident flux Absorptance the ratio of the flux absorbed by a medium to the incident flux. Reflectance + Transmittance + Absorptance = 1 Brightness The intensity of sensation resulting from viewing light sources and surfaces. Color The quality of visual sensation which is associated with the spectral distribution of light. Violet Color excited by shorter wavelengths of the visible spectrum. Red Color excited by longer wavelengths of the visible spectrum.

Color Matching The process of adjusting the color of one area so that it is the same color as another. Color Rendering The effect of a light source on the color appearance of objects in conscious and subconscious comparison with their color appearance under a reference light source. Color rendering index The measure of the degree of color shift which objects undergo when illuminated by a reference source of comparable color temperature. Correlated Color Temperature The absolute temperature ( in Kelvins) of a blackbody radiator whose chromacity most nearly resembles that of the light source. Coefficient of Utilization a measure of the efficiency of a luminaire. It is the ratio of the light reaching the working surface to the light being emitted from the luminaire. Luminaire Dirt Depreciation Factor (LDD) A factor due to the cleanliness of a luminaires environment and on how often the luminaries is cleaned. Lamp Lumen Depreciation Factor (LLD) is a multiplier used with initial lamp lumens to determine the lamp output depreciation due to aging. Glare When the light source is in the line of vision. Brightness Ratios Adjacent surfaces with great contrast in reflectance which can produce glare. Diffusion occurs when light is coming from many directions.

Illumination Equations: Effective Flux (lumen) Illumination = --------------------------------------Area Effective Flux = Flux dissipated by source x Factors Factors: Depreciation factor Coeeficient of Utilization

Dirt factor etc.

Illumination Required x Area

No. of lamps required = --------------------------------------------Lumen/watt x watt/lamp x factors

FORMULAS FOR POWER PLANT

1. Demand Factor = Maximum demand ----------------------------Connected load

Sum of individual maximum demand 2. Group Diversity Factor = ---------------------------------------------------------------Actual maximum demand of group Maximum demand of consumer group 3. Peak Diversity Factor = ------------------------------------------------------------------------------Demand of consumer group at time of system peak demand Average load for period 4. Load Factor = ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Peak load for period, either instantaneous or average

Average Load for period 5. Capacity Factor = -----------------------------------------------------------------Rated Capacity of the plant Maximum Load = -------------------------------------------------- X LOAD Factor Rated Capacity of the plant ( Also termed as Plant Factor or Use Factor )

Maximum Load 6. Utilization factor = ---------------------------------------------------Rated Capacity of the plant

7. Capacity factor = Utilization Factor x load Factor