Beaconhouse School System

Allama Iqbal Town Campus Unit 1 Physical Quantities and Measurements

1.1 Encircle the correct answer from the given choices. i vii (c) (c) Ii Viii (b) (c) iii ix (d) (b) iv x (c) (c) v (d) vi (b)

1.2 What is difference between base quantities and derived quantities? Give three examples in each case. Base Quantities: Base quantities are the quantities on the basis of which other quantities are expressed. For example mass, length and time. Derived Quantities: The quantities that are expresses in terms of base quantities are called derived quantities. For example work, power and energy. 1.3 Pick up the base units in the following.

= mass x [

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(iii) Force: As

F = mass x acceleration = mass x [ ] = mass x [

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Therefore, base quantities involved in are length and time. (ii) Volume: As Volume = length x width x height = length x length x length Therefore, base quantities involved in is length. ] = mass x [ ] ]

Therefore, base quantities involved in is length, mass and time. (iv) Work: As Work = Force = mass x [ x ] x displacement length = mass x [ ]

Therefore, base quantities involved in is length, mass and time. 1.5 Estimate your age in seconds. Let my age is 16 years, 1 month and 3 days. 1 Year = 365 days 1 Month = 30 Days
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16 Years = 365 x 16 = 5840 Days Days of 16 years, 1 month and 3 days = 5840 + 30 + 3 = 5873 Days
KAMRAN KHALIL BSS AIT CAMPUS LAHORE Physics

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(i) Speed: As

Speed =

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1.4 Find the base quantities involved in each of the following derived quantities.

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Base Units: kilogram, mole, ampere, meter, Kelvin Derived Units: Joule, Newton, hertz, coulomb, watt

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1 Day = 24 hours = 60 x 24 minutes = 60 x 60 x 24 seconds = 86,400 second. So 5873 Days = 5873 x 86,400 seconds = 507,427,200 seconds = 5.07 x 108 seconds

1.6 What role SI units have played in the development of science? With the developments in the field of science and technology, the need for a commonly acceptable system of units was seriously felt all over the world particularly to exchange scientific and technical information. SI units are acceptable internationally. They are very help full to exchange scientific and technical information. They have brought uniformity in measurements and calculations by different scientists thought the world. 1.7 What is meant by vernier constant?

1.8 What do you understand by the zero error of a measuring instrument?

1.9 Why is the use of zero error necessary in a measuring instrument? The use of zero error is necessary in a measuring instrument. If we dont know the use of zero error then our measurement would be inaccurate. This error effects all the measurements taken by the instrument. 1.10 What is stopwatch? What is the least count of a mechanical stopwatch you used in the laboratories? An instrument which is used to measure the time interval of an event. Least count is 0.1 s or 1.11 Why do we need to measure extremely small interval of times? We need to measure extremely small interval of times for more accuracy in finding the results. 1.12 What is meant by the significant figures of a measurement? The significant figures are all the digits that are known accurately and the one estimated digit. For example 0.027 has two significant figures. 1.13 How is precision related to the significant figures in a measurement? More significant figures mean greater precision. If diameter of rod measured with meter rule is 5 cm and with vernier caliper is 5.02 cm, than 5.02 will be more prcised because it has more significant figures.
Unit 1 KAMRAN KHALIL BSS AIT CAMPUS LAHORE Physics

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If a measuring instrument does not measure the correct value of a measurement, then it will have zero error. The measured value will be more or less than the measured value.

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The difference between one main scale division and one vernier scale division is called as vernier constant. It is also known as least count of vernier caliper. Its value of 0.1 mm or 0.01 cm.

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