Mock USAMO

Day 1 Problem 1: Given a positive real number probability 0 < p < 0.25, a cellular grid follows the rules as shown: Let m = k be the turns passed. At m = 0 , only (0, 0) is on. Given the grid at m = k, take each point (x, y) that is on. Then its neighbors (x, y + 1), (x, y 1), (x + 1, y), (x 1, y) all have probability p to be given a switch order. Then (x, y) is also given a switch order (guaranteed). The switch orders stack; for example, 2 switch orders given on a point cancel each other out, and nothing happens. Then update the grid at m = k + 1 after this algorithm. Then this process repeats. Let E be the expected number of moves such that the process ends (i.e everything has become o) Prove E <
1 14p .

(zero.destroyer)

Problem 2: Let ABC be an acute triangle. Let the foot of the altitude from A be X, from B be Y , and from C be Z. Let the circle whose diameter is AX intersect AB in A1 and AC in A2 . Let the circle whose diameter is BY intersect BA in B1 and BC in B2 . Let the circle whose diameter is CZ intersect BC in C1 and AC in C2 . Show that A1 , A2 , B1 , B2 , C1 , and C2 lie on a common circle. (admin25) Problem 3: Given x, y, z 0 such that xy + yz + zx > 0, show that: (applepi2000) xy(x + y)2 x+y+z (x + z)(y + z)

Day 2: Problem 4: A nontotient number is dened as a number that cannot be expressed in the form (x) for any x being a positive integer. Prove that there are innite even nontotient numbers, or nd with proof the largest even nontotient number (left in prime factorized form). (Binomial-theorem) Problem 5: Given that xi for positive integers 1 i n and k are positive real numbers such that 1 x1 ) . (robinpark) x1 + x2 + + xn = 1, prove that ( 2 + kx x 3 + x3 + + x3 ) x1 (k + 1) (x1 2 3 n 2 cyc Problem 6: Let ABC be an equilateral triangle with center O and circumcircle . Let M be the midpoint of segment BC and P be a point on arc BC containing A of . Let Q be the point on BC satisfying that P QB = AQC. Prove that, if the tangent to at P meets BC at R and AQ meets the circumcircle of BOC at S, then RSM + RP M = 180. (SnowEveryWhere)