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88-376

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.
: 7 112

.1 ax 2 200 x + 0.001 = 0 0.5 105 a , 0

matlab , ] a=[1e-3 1e-4 1e-5 1e-6 1e-7 ie-8
x"
)x=((200-sqrt(200.^2-4.*0.001.*a))./(2.*a
10 5 x=[0.5000 0.5000 0.5001 0.5002 0.4974 0.4263] :

a 0 ?

,
) *0.001 ( , ,

.

"? '

1000 , a ,
.

.2 f (x) = x 3 x 6 x=2
. 3 , ?

21
= 0.5
2
2 1.75
A 1 = [1.75,2.5] x 1 = 1.75
= x
= 0.875
2
2 2.175
A 2 = [1.75,2.175] x 2 = 2.175
= x
= 0.0875
2
= x

x0 = 1

]A 0 = [1,2.5

. 3 )
(
3 ,
'(x n ) = 3x 2n

1. (x n ) = x 3n 6
| '(2) | = 12 > 1

1
2. (x n ) = 3 x n + 6 '(x n ) = (x n + 6) 3
3
| '(2) | = 0.0833 < 1 = q p = 1

1 12

x 2n x 3n

'(x n ) =

1
6
+ 2
xn xn

= ) 3. (x n

| '(2) | = 1.75 > 1

. 0.57735
,
, x x
.3
0
0
1
8 10 7
2 3 2

L = 0.5
1
A = 4 4 5 A 0 U = 0 1 1.5 L,U
0.25 0.5 1

8 10 7
1

0 0

. U,L LU
, LU=PA
2 3 2
1
, A' = :
. L,U ' b =

4 4 5
2

2 3 2
1

A' = 4 4 5 b = 2

t
8 10 7
PAx = LUx = Pb
t
LUx = 2

1

Ux = y

t
Ly = 2

1

0
0
1
t
0.5

1
0 y = 2

0.25 0.5 1
1

y 1 = t,y 2 =, y 3 = 2 0.5t
8 10 7
t

Ux = y 0 1 1.5 x = 2 0.5t

0 0
2 0.5t
1

7t
x 3 = 2 0.5t , x 2 = 1 0.25t x 1 = 3
8
( 4 ) power method ..4

2 4 0
A = 3 5 0
1 0 2

2 4 0 1 6
0.75 2 4 0 0.75 5.5
0.7582
3 5 0 1 = 8

/8
/ 7.25
1 3 5 0 1 = 7.25 1

1 0 2 1 1
0.125 1 0 2 0.125 1

0.1389
2 4 0 0.7582 5.517
3 5 0 1 = 7.275
1 = 7.275

1 0 2 0.1389 0.489

shift methodA 7.275I

4
0 1 1.2759
4
0 0.1511 1.1435
5.275
5.275
3

/ 8.279
2.275
0 1 = 0.72
3
2.275
0

0.0876 = 0.6525
1

0
9.275
0
9.275

1 8.279

1 9.1239
4
0 0.1253 0.096
5.275
0.077

/ 9.1239
/ 9.149

3
2.275
0 0.0715 = 0.538
..... 0.44
1

9.171
0
9.275

1 9.149

2 = 9.171 + 7.276 = 1.898

0
10 8 0
2.5 2
1

A = 6 4 0 = 1.5 1
0
5 4 2 4 1.25 1 0.5

. LQ L Q ,
8 0 0 0
A = 4 2 0 0
2 3 5 7

8 4 2
0 2 3
t
t
t t
t

A = QR
A = ( QR ) = R Q = LQ
A =
0 0 5

0 0 7
QR

4
2
2
3
0 8.6

0
0

0
0
0
8

1
0
0
0
R =
0
0 *0.58 *0.813

0 *0.813 0.58
0
Q = Qt

2
1

0
3
Q=
0
5

7
0
0
0
8 0

t
L = R =4 2
0
0
2 3 8.6 0

4
2
0
0

8
0
At =
0

.5
. ) (-2,2),(-1,4),(1,6),(2,8 4 '
4 '
3x 2 1 5x 3 3x
1,x,
,
2
2
1
39
1 2 5.5 17
2

1 1 1

1
1.5

x =
A =
x=
1 1
6
1
1
8
1

9
1 2 5.5 17
8
0.5

 . ) (-2,2),(-1,4),(1,a),(2,10 a
, ?
2

2
42
=2
1
a4
2
2
3

4
a4
2

a4
10 a

2
3

a
10 a

10

2
a4
= 2 = 10 a
a =8
2
a 8
a

a4
10 a
2

= 2
3
3
20 2a ( a 4 ) = a 4 4

a =8

6
.
.

5
3

4
0

3
2

2
2

= )x w(x

1 x2

0
0

x
y

 :
dE
) = 0 = ax 2i w(x i ) + bx i w(x i ) = y i x i w(x i
da
dE
) = 0 = ax i w(x i ) + bw(x i ) = y i w(x i
db

) )E = ( w(x i )(y i ax i b
i =1

x 2i w(x i ) x i w(x i )
i
a y i x i w(x i )
i

=
) x w(x
w(x i ) b y i w(x i )

i
i
i
i

14.75 4.26 a 7.49

a = 0.433 b = 0.265
4.26 2.39 b = 2.47

f (x) = 24x 3 + 8x 2 18x ] [-1,1 '

,
.
.7
. ) (
ba

n
. runge kuta '
=h

n 1

T = h f (a + ih) f (x)dx
a

i=0

f (y,t)dt
f (y,t)dt

t0 + h

y(t 0 + h) = y(t 0 ) +

t0

f (y,t)dt

t0 + h

t0 + h

= y'dt

t0

t0 + h

t0

= ) y(t 0 + h) y(t 0

t0

) f (y,t)dt = h f (y 0 ,t 0

t0 + h

t0

in general
) y i +1 = y i + h f (y i ,t i