- )"(

- 52900

)BAR-ILAN UNIVERSITY (RA

School of Engineering
Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel

14 2012
' "

'

83-320 1
'

. .
.
. .
.
.
. .

 - )"(

- 52900

)BAR-ILAN UNIVERSITY (RA

School of Engineering
Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel

) (34% :1
) ) xc (t ) x1 (t ) 2 x2 (t ) cos( r t (

) x1 (t x2 (t ) - X i j 0 M

. i 1,2

r 2 32 103
M 2 1800 M 2 10 103
. , M :

X c j

X 1 j

X 2 j r

r M

r M

) (i .
) (ii .
) (iii x1 t %1 .
) 100dB
x2 t
) (iv
.( 20 log10 s 100dB

?
. .
,
) ).((ii
)(i ) (ii , ' ) 1
butterworth "
(.
) (iii ) (iv p 0.01 s 10 5.
x1 t x2 t

2 1800 M 2 10 103 p 2 10 103

s 2 32 103 2 10 103 2 22 103

s : p p M

s r M

M .
p
, x1 t 1% .
, s

x2 t . 100dB
2

 - )"(

- 52900

)BAR-ILAN UNIVERSITY (RA

School of Engineering
Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel

r 2 32 103 M
. , , s
. M 2 10000
Chebyshev I "
1
cosh 1
d
N
1
cosh 1
k
.
"

1
7.0179 10 5
2
1 p 1
2
s

1 s r M

r 1 2 .2

k p
M
M

, N 9.93 ) N=10 : Butterworth

N 18 (.
. H j
. ( a jb
' 1 " :

1
1 2k + 1
sk = -W0 sinh sinh -1 sin
p
e 2 N
N
1
1 2k + 1
+ jW0 cosh sinh -1 cos
p
e 2 N
N

1 0.1425

k=0 ) s0 -2631.8895 + j64244.5257

(.
) (:
s9 -2631.8895 - j64244.5257

 - )"(

- 52900

)BAR-ILAN UNIVERSITY (RA

School of Engineering
Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel

1 M
X 2 j xc (t ) x1 t 2 x2 t cos r t
.
o.w
0
2
.
) ( 2 r
Ts

H d e j :
) (i x1 t %1 .
) (ii 10 5 .
) (iii .
N ) ?( M
.
.
,
) ).((iii
M
.
)
(.
) xc (t ) x1 (t ) 2 x2 (t ) cos( r t ) (
DC ) 2 (
.

1
Ts

M Ts

M Ts

M Ts

M Ts

M Ts

M Ts

2 , M Ts
, M Ts , M Ts - M Ts ,
:

)(1

 - )"(

- 52900

)BAR-ILAN UNIVERSITY (RA

School of Engineering
Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel

" x2 t DC ) (,
) (
2

, M Ts , M Ts ,
Ts
T
1
s s 10 5 )(i
) (ii 10 8 7.81 10 11
2
128
. p 0.01
:ii Volt
,*Sec .
M )
( . ,

5
M 2 10000
16

11

16

. s

5
11
, s , p 0.01, s 7.81 10 11 :
16
16
N " "
:
11
0.1102 A 8.7 21.31 21 A 20 log10 7.81 10 202.14
194.19
A 7.95
N
1
1 71.13
2.692
2.285 p s

. N 72
. r ) (
,// ? .
:
r 2 M ""
.i
.
.ii
r , r 2 M , r
-
) (1 .
, r
. N
:
.a r
.b .
) . ( Butterworth
:
) (i . 2 15 103
). p 2 10, 000, s 2 32, 000, p 0.01, s 105 (ii
- N ?

 - )"(

- 52900

)BAR-ILAN UNIVERSITY (RA

School of Engineering
Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel

N ".
: Butterworth
Butterworth :
1
2
. H j
2N

1
0

:
1 p

s2

2N

1
2N

1 p
1 s
0
0
p

p s

. s

p 2 10, 000, s 2 32, 000, p 0.01, s 105

0 2 15 103
"
N -" :
1
2
1 0.01
3 2N
2 10 10

1
3

2
15
10

10 10

1
2N

2 32 10
1
3
2 15 10

1010

1
2N

1 0.01 ,

2N

10
32
1
1
15
15
" N 15.2 " " N 17
Butterworth
k . d -
. 0
N " N ) 0
" N ) (
1
2N

W0 Ws ds-2 -1

1
2N

.( W p (1 - d p )-2 -1

0 2 15 103 N
.
6

 - )"(

- 52900

)BAR-ILAN UNIVERSITY (RA

School of Engineering
Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel

) (33% :2
'

xn

. X e j

yc t xng t nT0

. X e j xn Yc j ? y c t
y c t xn g t

. Yc j G j X e jT0
. ,
2 sin T0 / 2
G j T0 sin cT0 / 2

1
n

x[n] n 0 n 5
0
n6

. yc t
) ( :
T

1 t 0
g t
2
0
o.w
T
g t , 0 xn" .ZOH
2
:
t T0 / 2
0

1
1

y c t n n T0 t n T0 n 0,1,...,5
2
2

0
o.w
:

yc t
5
4
3
2
1

2.5T0 3.5T0 4.5T0 5.5T0

1
y c t
T0

1.5T0

0.5T0

, yn y c nT0 -
7

 - )"(

- 52900

)BAR-ILAN UNIVERSITY (RA

School of Engineering
Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel

. ) G j W j * F ( j
1 B
W j
0 o.w
F j - . f t |t 0 f 0 1
? yn axn n

) (i B, a 0

Bt
sinc

sinc Bt k k . k 0
, :
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F j g k / B 0 k . k 0
B

w t

B ) g (kT0 k , k 0 . B / T0:

) kT0 x[n] g (0

x k g nT

y n yc nT0

) f (0) 2 B f (0

a g (0) 2

T0 B
.
1
y c t B -?
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T0
f t |t 0 f 0 1
F j
y c t
.
1

z p0
z p0
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*
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z p0
z p0

. P0 1

. p 0 . H1 e j H 2 e j 1
:
e p0 1

p
e p0
e p 1
p0 p01e jw * jw0
0 e jw
*
*
jw
e p0
p0 e 1
p0
e jw p0 1
jw

jw

jw

p
z p0
e p 1
e p0 1
p0 p01e jw * jw0
0 e jw
*
*
p0 e 1 p0
z p0
e jw p0 1
jw

jw

H 2 e jw p0
H1 Z p0

 - )"(

- 52900

)BAR-ILAN UNIVERSITY (RA

School of Engineering
Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel

"
" H i Z i 1,2 all filter

pass p 0 . H i e j 1
"

H i e j H i* e j 1

. H i e j

H 2 z , H1 z :
H 1 Z

y n

b n

+
H 2 Z

.
.(n

3
n
4

. bn e p 0 ) yn 0

c
: c c c e jc 1
*
c

3
n
4

, bn e ) b2 n

- (

0.5 2k

) 0.5 .( 2

B2 e j

H z H 2 z H 1 z
) 2(.

) H z H 2 z H 1 z (

y n

H z

b2 n

b n

( )"-

52900 -

BAR-ILAN UNIVERSITY (RA)

School of Engineering
Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel

z p0 1 z p0 1 z p0
H z H1 z H 2 z

z p0*
z p0*

z p z p z p
z p z p
1

*
0

*
0

2 p0 e jp0
2 p0*

2 z
2 z
jp0

p
e
z p0 1 z p0* z p0 1 z p0*
p

0
0

*
*
*
*
*
*
z p0 z p0
z p0 z p0 z p0 z p0

2 z 2 e j 2 p0

z p z p
*

*
0

2 z e jp0

z p

z e 2 z e z e
z p
z p z p

j p0

j p0

j p0

*
0

*
0

) p 0 p 0 notch
( H z H 2 z H 1 z

0.5 2k

. p0 0.5 B e j

OFDM :3 ( 33%)

2
j
kn
N 1
a
e
k N
x[n] k 0

0 n N 1

? x[0],..., x[ N 1] DFT .
IDFT
X [k ] N ak
, .( ) x[n]
a0 , a1 ,..., aN 1 :

: x '[n] .
x '[n] x[n] x[ N n]
.(cyclic prefix CP )
: x '[n]
y[n] x '[n] x '[n 1] x '[n 2]

x[n] x[n 1] x[n 2] x[ N n 1] x[ N n 2]

: , y[0], y[1],..., y[ N 1] DFT
y[k ] g (k ) ak
. g (k )
:DFT :

10

( )"-

52900 -

BAR-ILAN UNIVERSITY (RA)

School of Engineering
Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel

N -1

Y [k ] = y[n]e

- jk

2p
n
N

k = 0,1,..., N -1

n= 0

. CP
.
:DFT
N -1

- jk

Y [k ] = ( x '[n] + x '[n -1] + x '[ n - 2]) e

2p
n
N

n= 0

N -1

- jk

= ( x[n]) e

2p
n
N

n= 0

N -1

- jk

= x[n]e

- jk

n=0

2p
n
N

n= 0

= X [k ] + e

N -1

+ ( x[n -1] + x '[ N + n -1]) e

N -1

+ x[< n -1 >N ]e

- jk

n=0

2p
-j k
N

= N ak (1 + e

2p
- j2 k
N

X [ k ] + +e

2p
-j k
N

+e

2p
- j2 k
N

2p
n
N

N -1

2p
n
N

N -1

- jk

+ ( x[n - 2] + x[n + N - 2]) e

2p
n
N

n=0

- jk

+ x[< n - 2 >N ]e

2p
n
N

n= 0

X [k ]

g (k ) N (1 e

2
k
N

j2

2
k
N

) :

: .

2
n
y[n] x[n] cos
N
)( y[0], y[1],..., y[ N 1] DFT
. a0 , a1 ,..., aN 1
:
2
1 j n j 2 n
y[n] x[n] e N e N
2

: y[n] x[n]
1 j ( 2N ) 1 j ( 2N )
X e
X e

2
2

:
2
1 j ( k 1) 1 j 2N ( k 1)
Y [k ] Y e j 2 X e N
X e

k
2
N
2

1
1
X [ k 1 N ] X [ k 1 N ]
2
2
N
a k 1 N a k 1 N
2
Y e j

: .

11

 - )"(

- 52900

)BAR-ILAN UNIVERSITY (RA

School of Engineering
Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel

y[n] x[n] cos n
N
, w[n] f y[n] , ] y[n ] , w[n
DFT ] w[0], w[1],..., w[ N 1 )(
. a0 , a1 ,..., aN 1

N
cos .
0 :
N 2
:
] x[n ] y[n :
1 j ( N ) 1 j ( N )
Y e X e
X e

2
2

DFT .DTFT
.:
j

w[n] y[n] e

j (

W e j Y (e

1 j ( 2N ) 1
) j (
X e
X e
2
2
:
1
1
] W [ k ] X [ k 1 N ] X [ k
2
2
N
a k 1 N ak
2
) (.

12