Professional Documents
Culture Documents
n Tt Nghip
MC LC
Li ni u
Phn I: Phn n
Chng I. Tnh ch tiu chng st cho ng dy 220 kV
1.1
1.2
1.2.1
1.2.2
1.2.3
1.2.4
1.2.5
1.2.6
4
6
6
7
11
11
13
23
Chng II. Tnh ton bo v chng sng truyn vo trm bin p t ng dy 220 kV
2.1
2.2
2.2.1
2.2.2
2.2.3
2.3
2.3.1
2.3.2
2.3.3
M u
Phng php tnh in p trn cch in ca thit b khi c sng vo trm
Phng php lp bng
Phng php th
Phng php tip tuyn
Trnh t tnh ton
Lp s thay th rt gn trng thi nguy him nht cu trm
Thit lp phng php tnh in p cc nt trn s dt gn
Cc c tnh cch in ca thit b ti cc nt cn bo v
45
46
46
49
50
51
52
57
61
Chng III. Tnh ton chng st nh trc tip vo trm bin p 220/110 kV
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.6.1
3.6.2
M u
Cc yu cu k thut
c im v kt cu ct thu li
Phm vi bo v ca ct thu li
Trnh t tnh ton
Cc phng n b tr h thng thu st
Phng n 1
Phng n 2
64
65
66
68
70
72
72
93
B Mn H Thng in
117
118
119
119
119
120
123
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
t vn
137
B,
Gii quyt vn
137
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
2
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
3
3.1
3.2
137
137
139
140
142
142
145
151
153
154
154
C,
164
1
2
3
164
165
166
D,
Nhn xt
171
E,
172
173
B Mn H Thng in
156
162
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
LI NI U
H thng in l mt phn ca h thng nng lng n bao gm cc nh
my in, mng li in v cc h tiu th in. Nh my in c nhim v
bin i nng lng s cp nh nhit nng, c nngthnh in nng. Mng
li in truyn ti in nng n cc h tiu th in.
Ging st l hin tng t nhin, l s phng tia la in khng l trong
kh quyn gia cc m my v mt t, khi st nh trc tip hay gin tip vo
cc cng trnh in, khng nhng gy thit hi v mt kinh t m cn e do n
tnh mng ca con ngi. V th cn thit phi c cc h thng chng st v bin
php bo v an ton khi c st nh vo trm bin p.
Cng vi s pht trin ca h thng in cc ng dy siu cao p cng
ngy cng c s pht trin, v l do m trong n tt nghip ny em xin
c trnh by thm v phn nghin cu mt s yu t nh hng n tham s
ng dy siu cao p khi la chn kt cu phn pha, v mnh dn vit chng
trnh phn mn cho n. Chng trnh ny c em s dng kho st s nh
hng ca cc yu t n tham s ng dy.
Do mi c tip cn vi cc l thuyt v phn ny v cng do thi gian
c hn nn em cha th chnh by su hn vi cc kho st chi tit hn cho
chuyn cng vi cc phng php khc nhau tnh tn tht vng quang cho
ng dy siu cao p.
Em rt mong nhn c s gip ca cc thy gio, c gio trong b
mn, em xin trn thnh cm n cc thy c gip em hon thnh n, c
bit em cm n thy gio PGS-TS Nguyn nh Thng tn tnh, ch bo gip
em trong sut qu trnh lm n em hon thnh tt nhim v ca mnh.
Em xin trn thnh cm n!
H Ni, ngy 28-5-2007
Sinh vin
L Ch Linh
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
Chng I:
( ln)
(1-1)
Trong :
nngs: S ngy st hng nm trong khu vc c ng dy i qua
h: Chiu cao trung bnh ca ng dy tnh theo m.
L: Chiu di ng dy tnh theo km.
V tham s ca phng in st bao gm bin dng in Is v dc ca
dng in a, c th c nhiu tr s khc nhau do khng phi tt c tt cc ln
st nh trn ng dy u gy phng in trn cch in. c phng in,
qu in p kh quyn phi c tr s ln hn mc cch in xung kch ca ng
dy, kh nng ny c biu th bi xc sut phng in ( pd ) v nh vy s ln
xy ra phng in trn cch in s l:
3
Np = N p = (0,6 0,9) p h 10 L n ngs
(1-2)
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
(1-8)
2
2
- S ln nh vo im gia khong vt v ln cn khong vt:
N - N N
N kv =
(1-9)
2
2
I.2 Trnh t tnh ton:
I.2.1 Cc thng s cho trc:
Vi l ng dy i Sn La ta c:
- Dy dn l dy nhm li thp AC400/64 c tit din phn nhm FA =
390 mm 2 ,tit din phn thp FC = 63,5 mm 2 , ng knh dy 27,7 mm, bn
knh dy 13,9 mm, trng lng ring 1,572 kG/m = 1,542 DaN/m, ng sut ph
hoi 27,4 DaN/ mm 2 (tr.164 Li in & h thng in Trn Bch).
- Dy chng st dng cho cp in p 220 kV l dy C70 c bn knh
4,72 mm (tr.185 Li in & h thng in Trn Bch).
-
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
3,5 m
4m
2,21 m
A
6,1 m
3,9 m
2,7 m
24,71 m
18,5 m
14,21 m
12 m
Rc
Gc bo v ca dy thu st:
+
Pha A:
3,5
tg A =
= 0,5636
4 + 2,21
+
Pha B:
6,1
tg B =
= 0,48
24,71 12
+
Pha C:
3,9
tg C =
= 0,3068
24,71 12
=> A = 29,4o
=> B = 25,64 o
=> C = 17,06 o
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
2
2
h cstb = h cs f cs = 24,71 4
3
3
Dy dn pha A:
2
2
h Atb = h A f A = 18,5 4,5
3
3
Dy dn pha B:
2
2
h Btb = h B f B = 12 4,5
3
3
Dy dn pha C:
2
2
h Ctb = h C f C = 12 4,5
3
3
= 22
= 15,5
=9
=9
ZA =138 lg
13,9 10 3
Tng tr sng ca dy dn pha B, C:
29
= 429
ZB = ZC =138 lg
13,9 10 3
Tng tr sng ca dy chng st:
2 22
= 547
Zcs =138 lg
4,72 10 3
+
Khi c xt ti nh hng ca vng quang (do st nh) th thnh
phn ca in dung tng ln lm cho tng tr sng gim. V vy ta cn phi hiu
chnh li bng cch ly tng tr sng Zcs chia cho h s hiu chnh .
Vi cp in p 220kV v c 1 dy chng st th =1,4
Z
462
Z AVQ = A =
= 330
1,4
Z
429
Z BVQ = Z CVQ = B =
= 306
1,4
Z
547
ZCSVQ = CS =
= 390
1,4
-
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
Trong :
1
h2
D12
1'
2'
Hnh v 1-2
Khi c xt n nh hng ca vng quang th h s ngu hp K c tnh
theo cng thc:
K = K 0
Trong = 1,4 do ch c 1 dy chng st.
+
m
m
m
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
D12
37,66
ln
d12
7,38
= 1,4
= 0,25
KA=
2 h 2
2 22
ln
ln
r2
4,72 103
ln
m
m
m
m
m
m
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
Is
2
Z0
Zddd
Zdd
Hnh v 1-3
Dng ti im st nh:
Z0
200
I
I = Is
Is
= s
Z
400 2
Z0 + dd
200 +
2
2
Dng chy trn dy dn l:
I I
I dd = = s
2 4
U dd = I dd Zdd =
=>
Is
Zdd
4
Is
26 ,1
41140
26 ,1330
dd
4 U50
%
26 ,1Zdd vq
dd
vi U 50
% = 1140 kV
= 0,589
U lv
(kV/m)
l p
(n v tng i)
50
30
20
10
0,6
0,45
0,25
0,1
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
220
= 127
kV
3
U
127
E lv = lv =
= 57,47
l p 2,21
U lv =
=>
kV/m
0,6
0,45
0,629766
0,25
0,1
20
10
30
50
Hnh v 1-4
S dng phng php th ta c = 0,63
=> Do vy sut ct ng dy 220 kV do st nh vng qua dy chng
st (xt trn 100 km ng dy) l:
n dd = N p = 198 4,2 10 3 0,589 0,63
= 0,309
ln/100km/nm
I.2.5 Tnh sut ct ca ng dy 220 kV do st nh vo khong vt:
0
Zcs
Zcs
LKV
C
Hnh v 1-5
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
Z0
Zcs/2
Zcs/2
Ucs
Hnh v 1-6
Khi sng in p truyn ti cc ct ln cn do in tr ca ct in rt b
so vi tng tr sng ca dy chng st nn sng s b phn x m ton phn.
n gin ta gi thit l st nh vo chnh gia khong vt, ngha l cc sng
phn x cng ng thi tr v im st nh. V tng tr Z0 c gi tr gn bng
tng tr xung kch ca dy chng st cho nn khng c sng phn x v khc x
tip v in p ti im ny c xc nh gn ng theo s trn.
Gi thit dng in st c dng sin gc:
Khi t s
I S = at
Khi t > s
I S = a s
Ta tin hnh tnh ton vi cc thng s bin thin:
dc u sng a bin thin t 10 n 100 kA/ s
di u sng s bin thin t 1 n 10 s
in p t ln chui s cch in khi st nh vo khong vt ng
dy l:
di ( t )
R I (t )
U c (a , t ) = c s + LcsC s (1 K ) + U LV (1-13)
2dt
2
Trong :
Uc(a,t): in p t ln cch in chui s
ULV:
in p lm vic ca ng dy
R c:
in tr ni t
Is:
Dng in st
K:
H s ngu hp da dy dn v dy thu st
Vi dng in st c dng:
di s ( t ) d (at )
=
=a
Is = at
th
dt
dt
Vy:
a
R at
U c (a , t ) = c + LcsC (1 K ) + U LV
2
2
a
U c (a , t ) = ( R c t + LcsC ) (1 K ) + U LV
(1-14)
2
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
0
3
Thay vo cng thc trn ta c:
-
Vi RC = 10 ta c:
a
( 10t + 14,8) (1 0,116) + 114
2
= 4,42at + 6,54a + 114
U c (a , t ) =
Ta c bng U c (a , t ) :
Bng 1-2:
a
kA/ s
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
t( s )
1
223,6
333,2
442,8
552,4
662
771,6
881,2
990,8
1100
1210
2
267,8
421,6
575,4
729,2
883
1037
1191
1344
1498
1652
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
312 356,2 400,4 444,6 488,8 533 577,2
510 598,4 686,8 775,2 863,6 952 1040
708 840,6 973,2 1106 1238 1371 1504
906 1083 1260 1436 1613 1790 1967
1104 1325 1546 1767 1988 2209 2430
1302 1567 1832 2098 2363 2628 2893
1500 1809 2119 2428 2738 3047 3356
1698 2052 2405 2759 3112 3466 3820
1896 2294 2692 3089 3487 3885 4283
2094 2536 2978 3420 3862 4304 4746
10
621,4
1129
1636
2144
2651
3158
3666
4173
4681
5188
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
t( s )
1
2
Up(kV) 1780 1620
3
1480
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1360 1280 1220 1180 1180 1180 1179
5000
a = 90kA/s
a = 80kA/s
4000
a = 70kA/s
a = 60kA/s
3000
a = 50kA/s
a = 40kA/s
2000
a = 30kA/s
Upd (kV)
a = 20kA/s
1000
a = 10kA/s
t (s)
10
Hnh v 1-7
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90 100
10,
5,0
22,6
6,62
4,11 3,45 2,95 2,55 2,22 1,94
6
8
226 211 199 203 206 207 207 204 200 194
Vi RC = 15 ta c:
a
( 15t + 14,8) (1 0,116) + 114
2
= 6,63at + 6,54a + 114
U c (a , t ) =
Ta c bng U c (a , t ) :
Bng 1-5:
t( s )
a
kA/ s
10
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
246
377
509
641
773
772
1036
1168
1299
1431
312
510
708
906
1104
1037
1500
1698
1896
2094
378
643
907
1171
1436
1302
1964
2228
2493
2757
445
775
1106
1436
1767
1567
2428
2759
3089
3420
511
908
1305
1702
2099
1832
2892
3289
3686
4083
577
1040
1504
1967
2430
2098
3356
3820
4283
4746
644
1173
1703
2232
2762
2363
3821
4350
4880
5409
710
1306
1901
2497
3093
2628
4285
4880
5476
6072
776
1438
2100
2762
3425
2893
4749
5411
6073
6735
842
1571
2299
3028
3756
3158
5213
5941
6670
7398
2
1620
3
4
5
6
1480 1360 1280 1220
7
1180
8
9
1180 1180
10
1179
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
Ucd (kV)
a = 100kA/s
7000
a = 90kA/s
a = 80kA/s
6000
a = 70kA/s
5000
a = 60kA/s
4000
a = 50kA/s
a = 40kA/s
3000
a = 30kA/s
2000
a = 20kA/s
Upd (kV)
1000
a = 10kA/s
t (s)
0
1
10
Hnh v 1-8
Khi in p t ln chui s ln hn in p phng in ca chui s th
s c phng in, trn min th ta xc nh c cc cp thng s nguy him
(ai, ti).
Vi Ii= a i t i
Bng 1-7:
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
ai(kA/ s )
ti(s)
20
7,0
5
141
15,1
151
Ii(kA)
-
10
30
40
50
60
70
4,9
147
3,8
152
3,1 2,59
155 155
80
90
100
Vi RC = 20 ta c:
a
( 20t + 14,8) (1 0,116) + 114
2
= 8,84at + 6,54a + 114
U c (a , t ) =
t( s )
1
268
422
575
729
883
1037
1191
1344
1498
1652
2
356
598
841
1083
1325
1567
1809
2052
2294
2536
3
445
775
1106
1436
1767
2098
2428
2759
3089
3420
4
533
952
1371
1790
2209
2628
3047
3466
3885
4304
5
621
1129
1636
2144
2651
3158
3666
4173
4681
5188
6
710
1306
1901
2497
3093
3689
4285
4880
5476
6072
7
798
1482
2167
2851
3535
4219
4903
5588
6272
6956
8
887
1659
2432
3204
3977
4750
5522
6295
7067
7840
9
975
1836
2697
3558
4419
5280
6141
7002
7863
8724
10
1063
2012
2962
3911
4861
5810
6759
7709
8658
9608
3
1480
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1360 1280 1220 1180 1180 1180 1179
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
Ucd (kV)
10000
a = 100kA/s
9000
a = 90kA/s
8000
a = 80kA/s
7000
a = 70kA/s
6000
a = 60kA/s
5000
a = 50kA/s
4000
a = 40kA/s
3000
a = 30kA/s
2000
a = 20kA/s
Upd (kV)
a = 10kA/s
1000
0
10 t (s)
Hnh v 1-9
Khi in p t ln chui s ln hn in p phng in ca chui s th s
c phng in, trn min th ta xc nh c cc cp thng s nguy him (ai,
ti).
Vi Ii= a i t i
Bng 1-10:
ai(kA/ s )
ti(s)
Ii(kA)
10
20
30
40
B Mn H Thng in
50
2,5
125
60
70
2,0
8 1,75
125 123
80
90
100
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
200
Rc=10 m
150
Rc=15 m
100
Rc=20 m
50
20
40
60
80
100 a (kA/s)
Hnh v 1-10
Xc sut phng in p l xc sut cho cp thng s nguy him ca
phng in st (I, a) thuc min nguy him:
d p = P[ (a = a i )] P[ (I I i )]
p = P[ (a , I) MNH ]
Ta c:
Vi = P{ I I i } = e
Ii
26,1
(1-15)
Trong :
Vi l xc sut cho dng in I ln hn mt gi tr Ii no .
Nhn xt:
Khi dng in st c bin ln th xc sut xut hin li nh.
Khi m bin dng in st nh, qa trnh phng in xy ra th
dc ca dng in st li cn phi rt ln do xc sut ny xy ra cng thp.
T nhn st trn ta c c kt lun:
tnh xc sut p ta ch cn tnh xc sut p trong min a 100 s .
Nhng ta khng th xc nh c hm ph thuc f(i) m ch c cc
thng s ri rc khng lin tc do cn phi chia min tnh:
Chia a thnh 10 min t 10 n 100 s :
Khi :
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
Vi = Va
i 1
a a i
=e
ai
10, 9
a i +1
10, 9
10
p = VII ( a i ) Vi
i =1
+ Trng hp RC = 10 :
Bng 1-11:
a
kA / s
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
I(kA)
Vi 103
Va 10 3
226,3
0,172
239,9
p 10 6
41,16
Ta c xc sut phng in l:
10
p = p = 99,48 106
j=1
kA / s
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
I(kA)
Vi 103
Va 10 3
151
3,072
239,9
141
147
152
155
155
154
151
147
143
4,506 3,581 2,956 2,635 2,635 2,738 3,072 3,581 4,174
95,85 38,3 15,3 6,114 2,443 0,976 0,39 0,156 0,104
p 10 6
737
Ta c xc sut phng in l:
10
p = p = 1379 10 6
j=1
Trng hp RC = 20 :
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
Bng 1-13:
a
kA / s
I(kA)
Vi 103
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Va 10 3
113
113
119
124
125
125
123
120
116
13,17 13,17 10,47 8,643 8,319 8,319 8,981 10,07 11,74
239,9 95,85 38,3 15,3 6,114 2,443 0,976 0,39 0,156
112
13,69
0,104
p 10 6
3161
1,419
1,83
Ta c xc sut phng in l:
10
p = p = 5041 10 6
j=1
I 0
I 0
ICS
ICS
IC
IC
IC
LKV
C
LKV
C
Hnh v 1-11
Khi c qu in p kh quyn tc dng ln cch in ng dy, th c
qu in p t ln cch in ca ng dy v in p ny c xc nh theo
cng thc:
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
U c (a , t ) = i c (a , t )R c + Lddc
n Tt Nghip
di c
di
+ M dd ( t ) s + u dcu (a , t ) ku cs (a , t ) + u lv
dt
dt
(1-16)
Vi cc thnh phn:
- i c (a , t )R c l thnh phn in p ging trn b phn ni t ct in.
RC = 10, 15, 20
dd di
- L c c thnh phn in p ging trn in cm ca phn ct in tnh t
dt
mt t ti im treo dy dn.
- u dcu (a , t ) in p cm ng gy ra bi in trng ca khe phng in st
ln dy dn.
h 0,1ah dd ( v t + h c ) ( v t + H)( v t + h )
u dcu (a , t ) = 1 K c
ln
h
(1 + ) 2 h c h H
dd
(1-17)
Trong :
v = c
: tc tng i ca phng in ngc ca dng st, = 0,3
c: vn tc nh sng c=300000 km/s = 300m/ s
v = 0,3 300= 90 m/ s
hdd: treo cao ca dy dn
H = hdd + hc
hc: treo cao ca dy chng st.
di
dd
- M ( t ) s thnh phn t ca in p cm ng xut hin trn dy dn do
dt
h cm gia khe phng in st vi mch vng dy dn - t, tr s ny ph
thuc vo thi gian do chiu di khe phng in st tng cng vi s pht trin
ca phng in ngc.
di s
=a
dt
vt + H
h
H
M dd = 0,2h dd ln
ln
+ 1
(1-18)
(
1
+
)
H
2
h
dd
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
M cs = 0,2h c ln
+ 1
(1-20)
(
1
+
)
2
h
- ulv
di c (a , t )
trong 2 trng hp:
dt
+ Trc khi c sng phn x t ct bn cnh tr v:
2l
2 295
t kv =
= 1,97 s 2 s
c
300
S tng ng ca mch dn dng in st nh hnh v (1-11):
Ta cn tm tr s ca dng in i c (a , t ) v
ics
ics
2ics
is
ic
Mcs(t)
dis
dt
Lc
vq
Rc
ic
Zcs
2
Hnh v 1-11
Trong s dng in st c coi nh mt ngun dng, coi thnh phn
t ca in p cm ng trn dy chng st nh mt ngun p.
Dy chng st c thay bng mt tng tr sng c k n nh hng ca
vng quang.
Gii s trn ta c:
a
Zcsvq
vq
i c (a , t ) = vq
( Z cs t 2M cs ( t )
)
Z cs + 2R c
1
(1-21)
di c (a , t )
aZ vq
= vq cs
dt
Zcs + 2R c
(1-22)
Zcsvq + 2R c
1 =
Vi
2Lcsc
+ Sau khi c sng phn x t ct bn cnh tr v:
t 2 s
Do ta ch xt hai khong vt ln cn b st nh, nn on dy chng st
ca khong vt c thay th bi in cm Lcs, ta c s thay th:
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
2ics
is
ic
Mcs(t)
Lc
dis
dt
Lcs
2
Rc
2
Rc
Hnh v 1-12
Trong :
(1-23)
(1-24)
di c
di
+ M dd ( t ) s + u dcu (a , t ) ku cs (a , t ) + u lv
dt
dt
= 0,25
= l 0 h A = 0,6 18,5 = 11,1
= l 0 h cs = 0,6 24,71= 14,83
= 24,71
= 18,5
= hC + hddA = 24,71+18,5 = 43,21
= hC - hddA = 24,71-18,5 = 6,21
H
H
m
m
m
m
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
vt + H
h
H
M dd = 0,2h dd ln
ln
+ 1
(1+ ) H 2h dd h
90 2 + 43,21 6,21 43,21
ln
+ 1
= 0,2 18,5ln
(
1
+
0
,
3
)
43
,
21
2
18
,
5
6
,
21
H
= 7,6
vt + 2h c
M cs = 0,2h cs ln
+ 1
(1+ )2h c
90 2 + 2 24,71
= 0,2 24,71ln
+ 1
(
1
+
0
,
3
)
2
24
,
71
= 11,23
H
h 0.1ah dd ( v t + h c ) ( v t + H)( v t + h )
u dcu (a , t ) = 1 K c
ln
h
(1 + ) 2 h c h H
dd
u dcu = 1 0,25
ln
18,5
0,3
(1+ 0,3) 2 24,71 6,21 43,21
= 168,85
vi
kV
547 295
= 537,9
300
2R c
2 10
= 0,0352
cs =
L cs + 2L c 537,9 + 2 14,83
a
i c (a , t ) =
(L cs 2M cs ( t ))(1 e 2t )
2R c
10
(537,9 2 11,23)(1 e 0, 03522 )
=
2 10
= 17,5
kA
di c (a , t )
a
=
( L cs 2M cs ( t )) 2 e 2t
dt
2R c
10
(537,9 2 11,23) 0,0352 e 0, 03522
=
2 10
= 8,5
kA/ s
2 =
i c (a , t )R c = 17,5 10 = 175
di (a , t )
Lddc c
= 11,1 8,5 = 93,9
dt
B Mn H Thng in
kV
kV
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
di s
= 7,6 10= 76
kV
dt
u dcu (a , t ) = 168,85
kV
di (a , t ) di s (a , t ) cs
u cs (a , t ) = i c (a , t )R c + Lcsc c
+
M (t )
dt
dt
= 175 + 14,83 8,5 + 11,1 10
= 412
kV
M dd ( t )
ulv = 114,5
kV
di c
di
+ M dd ( t ) s + u dcu (a , t ) ku cs (a , t ) + u lv
dt
dt
= 175 + 93,9 + 76 + 168,85 - 0,25 412 + 114,5
= 525
kV
U c (a , t ) = i c (a , t )R c + Lddc
Nh vy in p t ln cch in pha A l:
U c (a , t ) = 525
kV
B, in p t ln cch in pha B:
U c (a , t ) = i c (a , t )R c + Lddc
di c
di
+ M dd ( t ) s + u dcu ( t ) ku cs (a , t ) + u lv
dt
dt
kB
LddcB
Lcsc
hC
hddB
H
h
= 0,116
H
= l 0 h B = 0,6 12= 7,2
H
= l 0 h cs = 0,6 24,71= 14,83
= 24,71
m
= 12
m
= hC + hddB = 24,71+12 = 36,71
m
= hC - hddB = 24,71-12 = 12,71
m
vt + H
h
H
M dd = 0,2h dd ln
ln
+ 1
(1+ ) H 2h dd h
90 2 + 36,71 12,71 36,71
ln
+ 1
= 0,2 12ln
(1+ 0,3)36,71 2 12 12,71
H
= 4,68
vt + 2h c
M cs = 0,2h cs ln
+ 1
(1+ )2h c
90 2 + 2 24,71
= 0,2 24,71ln
+ 1
(1+ 0,3)2 24,71
= 11,23
H
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
h 0,1ah dd ( v t + h c ) ( v t + H)( v t + h )
u dcu (a , t ) = 1 K c
ln
h dd
(1 + ) 2 h c h H
u dcu = 1 0,116
ln
12
0,3
(1+ 0,3) 2 24,71 6,21 36,71
= 116,81
kV
i c (a , t ) = 17,5
di c (a , t )
= 8,5
dt
kA
kA/ s
i c (a , t )R c = 17,5 10 = 175
kV
di (a , t )
Lddc c
= 7,2 8,5 = 61,2 kV
dt
di
M dd ( t ) s = 4,68 10= 46,8
kV
dt
u dcu (a , t ) = 116,81
kV
u cs (a , t ) = 373
kV
ulv = 114,5
kV
di
di
U c (a , t ) = i c (a , t )R c + Lddc c + M dd ( t ) s + u dcu (a , t ) ku cs (a , t ) + u lv
dt
dt
= 175 + 61,2 + 46,8 + 116,81 0,116 373 + 114,5
= 471
kV
-
Nh vy in p t ln cch in pha B l:
U c (a , t ) = 471
kV
C, in p t ln cch in pha C:
U c (a , t ) = i c (a , t )R c + Lddc
kB
LddcC
Lcsc
hC
hddC
H
h
M dd
B Mn H Thng in
di c
di
+ M dd ( t ) s + u dcu ( t ) ku cs (a , t ) + u lv
dt
dt
= 0,127
H
= l 0 h B = 0,6 12= 7,2
H
= l 0 h cs = 0,6 24,71= 14,83
= 24,71
m
= 12
m
= hC + hddC = 24,71+12 = 36,71
m
= hC - hddC = 24,71-12 = 12,71
m
vt + H
h
H
= 0,2h dd ln
ln
+ 1
(1+ ) H 2h dd h
Trng i Hc Bch Khoa H Ni 29
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
ln
+ 1
= 0,2 12ln
(1+ 0,3)36,71 2 12 12,71
H
= 4,68
vt + 2h c
M cs = 0,2h cs ln
+ 1
(1+ 0.3)2h c
90 2 + 2 24,71
= 0,2 24,71ln
+ 1
(1+ 0,3)2 24,71
= 11,23
H
h 0,1ah dd ( v t + h c ) ( v t + H)( v t + h )
u dcu (a , t ) = 1 K c
ln
h
(1 + ) 2 h c h H
dd
24,71 0,1 10 12 (90 2 + 24,71) (90 2 + 36,71)(90 2 + 12,71)
u dcu = 1 0,127
ln
12
0,3
(1+ 0,3) 2 24,71 6,21 36,71
= 116,81
kV
i c (a , t ) = 17,5
di c (a , t )
= 8,5
dt
kA
kA/ s
i c (a , t )R c = 17,5 10 = 175
kV
di (a , t )
Lddc c
= 7,2 8,5 = 61,2 kV
dt
di
M dd ( t ) s = 4,68 10= 46,8
kV
dt
u dcu (a , t ) = 116,81
kV
u cs (a , t ) = 373
kV
ulv = 114,5
kV
di
di
U c (a , t ) = i c (a , t )R c + Lddc c + M dd ( t ) s + u dcu (a , t ) ku cs (a , t ) + u lv
dt
dt
= 175 + 61,2 + 46,8 + 116,81 0,127 373 + 114,5
= 467
kV
-
Nh vy in p t ln cch in pha C l:
U c (a , t ) = 467
kV
Nhn xt:
Qua qa trnh tnh ton ta thy rng in p t ln cch in pha A l ln
nht. Do vy ta s chn pha A l pha tnh ton in p tc dng ln chui s
khi st nh vo nh ct.
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
= 0,25
= l 0 h A = 0,6 18,5 = 11,1
= l 0 h cs = 0,6 24,71 = 14,83
= 24,71
= 18,5
= hC + hddA = 24,71+18,5 = 43,21
= hC - hddA = 24,71-18,5 = 6,21
H
H
m
m
m
m
A,Cc h cm M cs v M dd :
vt + 2h c
M cs = 0,2h cs ln
+ 1
(1 + ) 2h c
M dd
90 t + 2 24,71
= 0,2 24,71ln
+ 1
(1 + 0,3)2 24,71
vt + H
h
H
= 0,2h dd ln
ln
+ 1
(1 + )H 2h dd h
90 t + 43,21
6,21
43,21
ln
+ 1
= 0,2 18,5ln
(1 + 0,3)43,21 2 18,5 6,21
( s )
M dd 1,52
M cs 3,65
0,5
10
4,17
5,69
7,6
7,6
12,9
6,84
8,77 11,2
11,2
18,3
B, Dng in i c (a , t ) v o hm ca n:
- Trc khi c sng phn x t ct ln cn v:
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
Zcsvq = 390
Zcsvq + 2R c 390 + 2 R c 390 + 2R c
=
1 =
=
2 14,83
29,66
2Lcsc
a
Zcsvq
vq
i c (a , t ) = vq
( Z cs t 2M cs ( t )
)
Z cs + 2R c
1
a
11567,4
i c (a , t ) =
(390 t 2M cs ( t )
)
390 + 2R c
390 + R c
390 a
di c (a , t )
aZcsvq
= vq
=
dt
Zcs + 2R c 390 + 2R c
- Sau khi c sng phn x t ct ln cn v:
Zcs = 547 , l = 295 m, c = 300 m/ s
547 295
H
L cs =
= 537,9
300
2R c
2 Rc
2 =
= 0,00352 R c
=
L cs + 2Lcsc 537,9 + 2 14,83
a
i c (a , t ) =
(L cs 2M cs ( t ))(1 e 2t )
2R c
a
(537,9 2 M cs ( t ))(1 e 0, 00352 R t )
=
2 Rc
di c (a , t )
a
=
( L cs 2M cs ( t )) 2 e 2t
dt
2R c
a
(537,9 2M cs ( t ))0,00352 R c e 0,00352 R t
=
2 Rc
Cho a, t bin thin ta c cc gi tr ca ic(a,t) sau:
+
Gi tr ca ic(a,t) khi st nh vo nh ct vi RC= 10 :
Bng 1-15:
c
t
a
10
-0,9
3,72
20
-1,8
7,4
3
30
-2,6
11,2 25,1
40
-3,5
50
-4,4
60
-5,3
14,
9
18,
6
22,3
B Mn H Thng in
33,
5
41,
9
50,
3
17,
8
35,
5
53,
3
71,
1
88,
9
107
105
17,
5
25,7
35
52,6
70,
1
87,
6
10
55,
1
61,
8
68,2
74,4
110
124
136
149
145
165
185
205
223
164
193
220
247
273
298
167
205
241
276
309
341
372
201
246
289
331
371
409
446
51,
3
33,
5
66,
9
81,
9
48,
2
96,
4
77
100
123
103
134
128
154
41
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
58,
7
67
75,
4
83,
8
70
-6,2
26
80
-7,1
90
-7,9
29,7
33,
5
10
0
-8,8
37,2
124
123
180
234
287
337
386
432
477
521
142
140
205
268
328
385
441
494
546
595
160
158
231
301
369
434
496
556
614
669
178
175
257
335
410
482
551
618
682
744
t
a
10
-0,9
3,6
4
20
-1,7
7,27
30
-2,6
40
-3,4
50
-4,3
18,2
60
-5,1
21,8
70
-6
25,5
80
-6,8
29,1
90
-7,7
32,7
10
0
-8,5
36,
4
t
a
10,
9
14,
5
8,1
9
16,
4
24,
6
32,8
40,
9
49,
1
57,
3
65,
5
73,
7
81,
9
17,
4
34,
7
10
-0,8
20
-1,7
7,12
30
-2,5
40
-3,3
50
-4,1
60
-5
70
-5,8
80
-6,6
10,
7
14,
2
17,
8
21,
4
24,
9
28,5
B Mn H Thng in
17,2
25
32,3
50
64,
7
39,
3
78,
5
45,
8
91,
6
75
97
118
100
129
125
63,
3
68,6
104
116
127
137
137
156
173
190
206
157
183
208
231
253
274
162
196
229
260
289
317
343
69,
4
86,
8
104
103
150
194
236
275
312
347
380
411
121
121
175
226
275
321
364
405
443
480
139
138
200
259
314
366
416
463
507
548
156
155
225
291
353
412
468
520
570
617
174
172
250
323
393
458
520
578
633
686
52,1
4
31,
3
33,
9
50,
9
67,
8
84,
8
24,
4
48,
8
73,
1
97,
5
48
102
56
64
24
32
40
10
57,
8
16
52
16,
9
33,
8
50,
8
67,
7
84,
6
8,0
1
2
34,
4
51,
7
68,
9
86,
1
17
62,5
37,
7
75,
3
10
49,
1
54,
2
58,
9
63,4
87,2 98,2
108
118
127
43,
6
93,
8
113
131
147
163
177
190
125
151
174
196
217
236
253
122
156
188
218
245
271
295
317
102
146
188
226
262
295
325
354
380
119
118
171
219
264
305
344
379
413
443
136
135
195
250
301
349
393
434
472
507
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
90
10
0
-7,4
Gi tr ca
t
a
-8,3
32
35,
6
153
152
219
281
339
392
442
488
531
570
170
169
244
313
377
436
491
542
589
634
di c (a, t)
khi st nh vo nh ct vi RC= 10
dt
10
9,51
9,5
1
20
19
19
30
28,5
40
38
50
47,6
60
57,1
70
66,6
80
76,1
90
85,6
10
0
95,1
Gi tr ca
t
a
72,1
80,
1
9,5
1
9,5
1
19
19
38
38
47,
6
57,
1
66,
6
76,
1
85,
6
95,
1
47,
6
57,
1
66,
6
76,
1
85,
6
95,
1
47,
6
57,
1
66,
6
76,
1
85,
6
95,
1
8,1
1
7,7
9
15,
6
23,
4
59,2
67,
6
76,
1
84,
5
16,2
24,
3
32,
4
40,
6
48,
7
56,
8
64,
9
73
81,
1
7,4
9
7,21
15
14,
4
6,9
4
13,
9
6,6
9
13,
4
10
9,29
20
18,6
18,
6
30
27,9
40
37,1
50
46,4
60
55,7
70
65
80
74,3
90
83,6
18,
6
18,
6
37,
1
46,
4
55,
7
37,
1
46,
4
55,
7
37,
1
46,
4
55,
7
65
65
65
74,
3
83,
6
74,
3
83,
6
74,
3
83,
6
8,1
6
16,
3
24,
5
7,6
9
15,
4
32,7
40,
8
49
57,
1
65,
3
73,
5
69,2
10
6,21
12,9
12,4
19,
3
18,6
24,8
30
39
37,
5
36,
1
43,
3
50,
5
57,
7
64,
9
46,
8
54,
5
45
52,5
62,3
60
70,
1
77,
9
67,
4
74,
9
72,1
34,
7
41,
7
48,
6
55,
5
33,
4
40,
1
46,
8
53,
5
7,26
14,
5
6,8
6
13,
7
48
54,
9
61,
8
49,6
64,
4
62,1
12,3
19,
5
18,
4
24,
6
30,
7
36,
8
32,
4
38,
9
45,
4
51,
9
58,
4
34,
3
41,
2
43,4
69,
4
13
36,
3
43,
6
50,
8
58,
1
65,
4
37,2
55,9
6,1
4
26
38,
6
45,
1
51,
5
31
58
6,4
9
29,1 27,5
32,2
62,5 60,2
66,
9
9
6,4
4
31,2
di c (a, t)
khi st nh vo nh ct vi RC= 15
dt
B Mn H Thng in
2
8,4
5
16,
9
25,
4
33,
8
42,
3
50,
7
:
9
10
5,5
5,2
11
10,4
16,
5
15,6
23,2
22
20,8
29
27,5
26
5,8
1
11,
6
17,
4
34,
8
40,
7
46,
5
33
31,2
38,
5
36,4
44
41,6
55,2 52,3
49,
5
46,8
43
49,
1
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
10
0
92,9
Gi tr ca
t
a
10
9,07
20
18,1
30
27,2
40
36,3
50
45,3
60
54,4
70
63,5
80
72,6
90
81,6
10
0
90,7
76,
9
72,6
64,
9
61,
4
58,
1
9,0
7
18,
1
9,0
7
18,
1
7,8
8
15,
8
7,3
14,
6
4
6,7
7
13,
5
6,28
12,6
68,
6
di c (a, t)
khi st nh vo nh ct vi RC= 20
dt
81,
6
36,
3
45,
3
54,
4
63,
5
36,
3
45,
3
54,
4
63,
5
31,
5
39,
4
47,
3
63
81,
6
90,
7
70,
9
78,
8
81,
6
90,
7
81,
6
90,
7
55,2
18,
9
36,
5
43,
8
51,
1
58,
4
65,
7
73
33,
8
40,
6
47,
4
54,
2
60,
9
67,
7
31,
4
37,
7
44
50,
3
56,
6
62,8
5,8
4
11,
7
17,
5
23,
4
5,4
3
10,
9
16,
3
5,0
5
10,
1
15,
1
21,7 20,2
55
:
9
4,6
9
9,3
8
14,
1
18,
8
32,6
38
43,
4
48,
8
54,
3
30,
3
35,
3
40,
4
45,
4
50,
5
52
10
4,36
8,73
13,1
17,5
21,8
28,2
26,2
32,8
30,6
37,
5
34,9
42,2
39,3
46,
9
43,6
h 0,1ah dd ( v t + h c ) ( v t + H)( v t + h )
u dcu ( t ) = 1 K c
ln
h dd
(1 + ) 2 h c h H
ln
= 1 0,25
18,5 0,3
(1 + 0,3) 2 24.71 6,21 43,21
= 4,1075a ln
kV
2
169
338
507
3
199
398
597
4
221
442
662
-86
675
796
883
316
484
B Mn H Thng in
675
8
275
550
825
110
0
9
284
569
853
113
8
10
293
586
879
1172
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
50
-108
395
605
60
-129
474
725
70
-151
553
80
-172
90
10
0
-194
-215
844
101
3
844
101
3
110 119
994
4
0
119
142
3 1325
9
154 166
1392
6
7
159 176 190
1
7
5
179 198 214
0
7
3
198
9 2208 2381
137
1262 1323
6 1422
151 158 165 170
4
7
1
7
176
199
7 1852 1926
1
2019 2116 2201 2276
247
2271 2381
6 2560
264
284
2524
5 2751
5
1464
1757
2050
2343
2636
2929
di c (a , t ) di s (a , t ) cs
+
M (t )
dt
dt
= i c (a , t ) R c + 14.83
di c (a , t )
+ aM cs ( t )
dt
Gi tr ca u cs (a , t ) khi st nh vo nh ct vi RC= 10
493
625
862
506
740
938
1293
675
987
1250
1724
843
1233
1563
2156
1012
1480
1875
2587
1181
1727
2188
3018
1350
1973
2501
3449
1518
2220
2813
3880
1687
2467
3126
4311
B Mn H Thng in
10
1018
2036
3055
4073
5092
6110
7129
8147
9165
10184
L Ch Linh
+
t
a
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
10
0
n Tt Nghip
Gi tr ca u cs (a , t ) khi st nh vo nh ct vi RC= 15
2
492
983
1475
1967
2458
2950
3442
3933
4425
3
618
1236
1854
2472
3090
3707
4325
4943
5561
1614
4916
6179
2607
3482
5104
4
734
1468
2202
2935
3669
4403
5137
5871
6605
9
1209
2418
3628
4837
6046
7255
8465
9674
10883
10
1288
2576
3864
5152
6441
7729
9017
10305
11593
7339
8416
12092
12881
9423
10367
11256
Gi tr ca u cs (a , t ) khi st nh vo nh ct vi RC= 20
t
a
10
20
30
40
50
2
568
1135
1703
2271
2838
3
724
1449
2173
2898
3622
4
867
1734
2600
3467
4334
60
927
1645
2294
3516
3406
4347
5201
5984
6704
70
80
90
10
0
1081
1236
1390
1919
2193
2467
2676
3059
3441
4102
4688
5274
3974
4541
5109
5071
5796
6520
6068
6934
7801
6981
7978
8975
1544
2742
3823
5860
5677
7245
8668
9973
8
1331
2662
3993
5324
6655
9
1426
2852
4278
5704
7130
10
1514
3029
4543
6057
7571
7369.
9
7986
8556
9086
7822
8939
10056
8598
9827
11055
9317
10648
11979
9983
11409
12835
10600
12114
13628
11174
12283
13310
14261
15143
E, in p t ln cch in pha A u c (a , t ) :
U c (a , t ) = i c (a , t )R c + Lddc
= i c (a , t )R c + 11,1
B Mn H Thng in
di c
di
+ M dd ( t ) s + u dcu ( t ) ku cs (a , t ) + u lv
dt
dt
di c
+ M dd ( t )a + u dcu ( t ) 0,25u cs (a , t ) + 114,5
dt
L Ch Linh
+
t
a
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
10
0
10
162
211
259
308
356
404
452
501
549
316
518
720
921
1123
1325
1527
1728
1930
404
693
982
1271
1560
1848
2137
2427
2716
535
956
1376
1796
2216
2637
3057
3478
3898
525
936
1347
1757
2168
2578
2989
3400
3811
622
1130
1638
2146
2652
3160
3668
4176
4684
707
1299
1890
2483
3075
3667
4260
4852
5443
783
1451
2119
2788
3456
4125
4794
5462
6130
852.9
1592
2331
3069
3809
4547
5287
6025
6764
919.5
1724
2529
3333
4138
4942
5747
6551
7356
980.8
1847
2713
3580
4447
5313
6179
7046
7912
1039
1964
2889
3814
4738
5664
6588
7513
8438
1095
2075
3056
4036
5016
5996
6977
7957
8938
598
2132
3005
4319
4222
5191
6035
6799
7503
8160
8778
9363
9918
Gi tr ca u c (a , t ) khi st nh vo nh ct vi RC= 15
10
158
202
245
289
332
377
420
464
507
328
541
754
967
1180
1393
1606
1819
2032
431
748
1065
1381
1698
2014
2331
2647
2964
595
1076
1557
2037
2518
2998
3479
3960
4441
585
1056
1527
1997
2468
2939
3410
3881
4352
708
1302
1895
2489
3081
3675
4269
4862
5456
816
1517
2217
2918
3620
4321
5022
5723
6424
913
1711
2509
3307
4105
4905
5703
6501
7299
1002
1890
2777
3664
4552
5439
6327
7214
8101
1085
2055
3025
3995
4965
5935
6905
7875
8845
1161
2208
3255
4302
5350
6397
7444
8491
9537
1233
2352
3471
4590
5709
6828
7947
9066
10184
1301
2487
3674
4860
6046
7232
8419
9605
10792
551
2245
3281
4922
4823
6049
7125
8097
8989
9815
10584
11304
11978
+
t
a
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Gi tr ca u c (a , t ) khi st nh vo nh ct vi RC = 10
+
t
a
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
10
0
n Tt Nghip
Gi tr ca u c (a , t ) khi st nh vo nh ct vi RC= 20
338
562
786
1010
1234
1458
1682
458
801
1144
1487
1830
2172
2515
B Mn H Thng in
653
1191
1730
2267
2805
3344
3882
644
1173
1702
2230
2759
3288
3817
789
1464
2139
2814
3488
4163
4838
917
1720
2522
3325
4127
4930
5733
1135
2157
3178
4199
5221
6242
7263
1231
2347
3464
4580
5697
6813
7930
10
1318
2522
3726
4930
6134
7338
8542
1399
2684
3968
5253
6537
7822
9106
1474
2833
4192
5551
6910
8269
9628
L Ch Linh
80
90
10
0
n Tt Nghip
429
468
1906
2130
2858
3201
4421
4959
4346
4875
5513
6188
6536
7338
7452
8369
8284
9305
9045
10162
9746
10949
10391
11675
10987
12347
507
2354
3545
5497
5404
6863
8140
9286
10327
11278
12153
12960
13706
th u c (a , t ) = f (a , t ) khi st nh vo nh ct v ln cn nh ct:
Vi gi tr ca in tr ct l: Rc = 10
Ucd (kV)
10000
a = 100kA/s
9000
a = 90kA/s
8000
a = 80kA/s
7000
a = 70kA/s
6000
a = 60kA/s
5000
a = 50kA/s
4000
a = 40kA/s
3000
a = 30kA/s
2000
a = 20kA/s
Upd (kV)
1000
0
a = 10kA/s
9 10 t (s)
Hnh v 1-13
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
Vi gi tr ca in tr ct l: Rc = 15
Ucd (kV)
12000
a = 100kA/s
11000
a = 90kA/s
10000
a = 80kA/s
9000
8000
a = 70kA/s
7000
a = 60kA/s
6000
a = 50kA/s
5000
a = 40kA/s
4000
a = 30kA/s
3000
a = 20kA/s
2000
a = 10kA/s
Upd (kV)
1000
0
B Mn H Thng in
10 t (s)
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
Hnh v 1-14
+
Vi gi tr ca in tr ct l: Rc = 20
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
a = 100kA/s
Ucd (kV)
12000
12000
a = 90kA/s
12000
a = 80kA/s
11000
10000
a = 70kA/s
9000
a = 60kA/s
8000
7000
a = 50kA/s
6000
a = 40kA/s
5000
a = 30kA/s
4000
3000
a = 20kA/s
2000
a = 10kA/s
U (kV)
1000
0
pd
9 10 t (s)
Hnh v 1-15
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
11,5 4,24 2,62 1,72 1,24 0,94 0,74 0,62 0,47
8,24 3,51 2,17 1,46 1,08 0,82 0,65 0,53 0,43
100
0,39
0,36
tR=20 ( s )
IR=10 ( s )
0,34
39,4
IR=15 ( s )
IR=20 ( s )
36
34,1
150
100
Rc= 10 m
Rc= 15 m
Rc= 20 m
50
20
40
60
80
100 a (kA/s)
Hnh v 1-16
Xc sut phng in p l xc sut cho cp thng s nguy him ca
phng in st (I, a) thuc min nguy him:
d p = P[ (a = a i )] P[ (I I i )]
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
p = P[ (a , I) MNH ]
Ta c:
Vi = P{ I I i } = e
Ii
26 ,1
Trong :
Vi l xc sut cho dng in I ln hn mt gi tr Ii no .
Nhn xt:
Khi dng in st c bin ln th xc sut xut hin li nh.
Khi m bin dng in st nh, qa trnh phng in xy ra th
dc ca dng in st li cn phi rt ln do xc sut ny xy ra cng thp.
T nhn xt trn ta c c kt lun:
tnh xc sut p ta ch cn tnh xc sut p trong min a 100 s .
Nhng ta khng th xc nh c hm ph thuc f(i) m ch c cc
thng s ri rc khng lin tc do cn phi chia min tnh:
Chia a thnh 10 min t 10 n 100 s :
Khi :
Vi = Va i1a a i = e
ai
10 , 9
a i +1
10 , 9
10
p = VII ( a i ) Vi
i =1
+
a
kA / s
I(kA)
Vi 103
Trng hp RC = 10 :
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
39,43
220,8
Va 10 3
239,9 95,85
38,3
0,976
0,39 0,156
0,104
p 10
2911
1879
22,89
3712
Ta c xc sut phng in l:
10
p = p = 10693 10 6
j=1
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
m=
+
a
kA / s
I(kA)
Vi 103
nm/1ln ct in.
Trng hp RC = 15 :
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
106
80
90
100
36
251,8
Va 10 3
239,9 95,85
38,3
0,39 0,156
0,104
p 10
10197
3157
26,1
6530
Ta c xc sut phng in l:
10
p = p = 22959 10 6
j=1
Trng hp RC = 20 :
kA / s
10
20
I(kA)
Vi 103
65,76
Va 10
p 10
30
40
50
60
60,8
55,41
51,77
48,07
44,74
80,51
97,34
119,7
137,6
158,5
239,9
95,85
38,3
15,3
19314
9331
4582
2105
70
80
90
100
41,3
38,63
36,26
34,14
180,1
205,5
227,6
249,3
270,3
6,114
2,443
0,976
0,39
0,156
0,104
969,2
439,9
200,5
88,76
38,84
28,02
Ta c xc sut phng in l:
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
10
p = p = 37098 10 6
j=1
ln/100km/nm
1
1
=
= 0,336
n 2,973
nm/1ln ct in.
Kt lun:
Khi ng dy ti in c in tr ni t ct in cng nh th ch tiu
chng st ca ng dy cng cao.
Quan h:
n = f(Rc)
Rc
n
m
v
10
1,032
0,969
m = g(Rc)
15
1,877
0,533
20
2,973
0,336
n
3
n = f(R c)
2
1
m = g(R c)
10
15
20
Rc
Hnh v 1-17
gim sut ct in th mt bin php hu hiu l gim in tr ni t
Rc, ngoi ra ta cn c th gim sut ct in bng cch gim chiu di khong
ct hoc gim chiu cao ct.
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
Chng II:
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
B Mn H Thng in
v
l
mx
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
x
Zx
2Ut
Zx
Vi Ut l sng ti.
Trng hp nt x c nhiu ng dy i n th c th lp s
Peterson bng cch p dng quy tc sng ng tr. Trong trng hp
ny s tng ng vn ging nh khi c mt ng dy, ch khc
tr s ngun phi ly l 2Ut v tng tr sng phi ly l Zt.
n
2U t = mx U'mx ( t )
(2-2)
m =1
Trong :
U'mx ( t ) Sng ti x t nt m
mx
Zmx
B Mn H Thng in
2Z t
Z mx
tng tr sng ca ng dy ni nt m v nt x
L h s khc x mx =
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
Zt =
1
1
Z
m =1 mx
n
= Zix // Z jx
U 3m
Z2
Zm
U x2
U xm
U nx
U 1x
Z1
U x1
Zx
U xn
Zn
(2-3)
(2-4)
(2-5)
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
Ngha l vi cch chn gc thi gian nh trn th U'mx chm sau Umx
mt khong thi gian bng 2 ln truyn sng gia 2 nt m v x.
Do qu trnh truyn sng c phn x nhiu ln nn qu trnh tnh ton lp
i lp li vi cc nt, s liu ca nt sau c s dng tnh ton nt trc v
ngc li, do dng phng php lp bng c nhiu thun li.
II.2.2 Tnh ton in p trn cch in ca thit b khi c sng truyn vo
trm bng phng php thi:
Nu ti im nt c ghp in cm, in dung hoc in tr v sng ti c
dng bt k th vic xc nh in p im nt bng phng php ton hc
thng rt phc tp. Trong cc trng hp ny c th dng phng php th.
Tc dng ca sng bt k ln in tr phi tuyn t cui ng dy
(Hnh v 2-4).
Ut
x
CSV
2Ut
U
x
CSV
u csv +i csv Z
i csv Z
u csv (t)
u csv =f(icsv )
i
Hnh v 2-5 Phng php th (chng st van khng khe h)
Vi loi chng st van c khe h:
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
v-s
2u t (t)
u
b
u csv +i csv Z
i csv Z
u csv (t)
u csv
i
Hnh v 2-5 Phng php th (chng st van c khe h)
Phn bn phi v c tnh V-A ca chng st van v in p ging trn
tng tr sng icsvZ sau xy dng ng cong ucsv +icsvZ. Phn bn tri v quan
h 2ut(t). ng vi tr s bt k a ca sng ti dng ngang sang, xc nh mt
im b trn ng cong ucsv +icsvZ. T im b dng thng xung gp ng c
tnh V-A c im c, t im c dng ngang sang gp ng dng t trn xung
ti im d, im d ny thuc c tnh Ucsv(t), thay i gi tr ca a ta c cc gi
tr ca d t xy dng c tnh U csv(t), chnh lch ca 2 ng c tnh bn
pha tri cho ta sng phn x t pha chng st van v pha ng dy.
Khi c sng dng bt k vo trm, trc khi chng st van lm vic th
in p t ln cch in (cng l in p t ln chng st van) c tr s bng
2ut(t). Chng st lm vic khi ng c tnh V-S ca n giao vi ng 2u t(t)
lc ny in tr khng ng thng ca chng st van c ghp trc tip vo
mch v in p t ln chng st van cng chnh l in p t ln cch in
ca thit b.
II.2.3 Tnh ton in p trn cch in ca thit b khi c sng truyn vo
trm bng phng php tip tuyn:
Ut
2Ut
Uc
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
dU C ( t )
+ U C ( t ) = 2U( t ) hoc
dt
dU C ( t ) U C ( t ) 1
+
= 2U( t )
dt
T
T
vi T=CZ
U C
1
= (2U( t ) U C ( t ))
t
T
U C = (2U( t ) U C ( t ))
t
T
U C ( t + t ) = U C ( t ) + U C
Nu bit trc ng cong in p ngun U(t) th ta v c hm s
2U(t). Trn h ta ph lch so vi khong thi gian T tin hnh vic xc nh
in p UC (t) trc tin chia trc honh thnh nhiu khong thi gian t bng
nhau, sau t im UC0 (tr s Uc ti t=0) v ng xin gc ti tr s ca hm
s 2U(t) ti thi im u tin, v tha nhn l trong khong thi gian t 1 hm
UC(t) trng vi ng xin . Tip tc t im 1 ca ng U c(t) v ng
xin ti tr s ca hm s 2U(t) ca u khong thi gian 2t = t 2 v cng
tha nhn trong khong thi gian ny hm UC(t) trng vi ng xin . Cc
bc tip theo cng c tin hnh tng t v in p Uc(t) c dng ng gy
khc.
u
Uco
t
T
2l
t= v
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
c tnh ca thit b
My bin p
in lc
in dung
T. s gii hn
T. S trung bnh
1000-3000
1500
300-1000
500
200-500
300
trng thi ng
300-800
500
trng thi m
200-500
300
trng thi ng
40-80
60
trng thi m
30-60
40
Kiu t in
150-300
200
Kiu khc
100-200
150
My bin p o
lng
My ct in
Dao cch ly
S xuyn
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
Z 400
=
= 1,33 H / m
v 300
1
1
=
= 8,33(pF / m)
Zv 400 300
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
CL
CL
D 1
MC
CL
CL
MC
AT1
CL
CL
D 2
CSV
MC
CL
CL
BU
CL
D 3
AT2
MC
CL
CL
MC
CL
CL
D 4
MC
S thay th y :
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
MC
CL
CL
12
15,5
D1
500
60
6,5
60
500
60
500
60
500
60
300
CSV
60
500
6,5
MC
CL
12
CL
15,5
500
60
MC
CL
CL
12
15,5
60
1500
BU
6,5
6,5
D4
34
60
CL
850
MC
CL
CL
12
15,5
60
MBA1
6,5
6,5
D3
CL
15,5
12
60
MC
CL
CL
12
15,5
D2
MC
CL
6,5
MBA2
34
1500
60
6,5
60
D1
60
500
6,5
60
MC
CL
6,5
12
500
60
CL
15,5
MBA1
34
1500
60
850
BU
CL
6,5
6,5
60
300
CSV
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
im 3 l im t ti chng st van.
in dung thanh gp l:
CTG = C 0 L TG = 8,33 6 17 = 850
(pF)
161
343
CSV
1774
68
4
1672
Hnh v 2-10 S rt gn
Khong cch da cc im nh sau:
+
im 1-2
L1-2 = 34
im 2-3
L1-2 = 17
im 2-4
L1-2 = 68
lA
C
CA
CB
B Mn H Thng in
(pF)
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
300 6,5 60 13
+
= 161
(pF)
17
17
C 18,5 CCL 6,5 CCL 34
C4 = C MBA + MC
+
+
68
68
68
500 18,5 60 6,5 60 34
+
+
= 1672
= 1500 +
(pF)
68
68
68
C 2 = C TG + C CL 5 + C MC 2 + C BU + C MBA C1 C 3 C 4
=
(pF)
Z
C1= 343 pF
Zdt
2Udt
C1= 343 pF
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
=
=>
2Zt 2 200
=
=1
Z
400
2
(s) th U12 = 0
(s) th U12 0
Ut
Z
C = 1774 pF
Zdt
2Udt
C 2= 1774 pF
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
=>
(s)
(s)
(s)
tnh c 2Ut trong khong thi gian t > t12 +2t24 ta phi qua tm ti
nt 3, 4. Ta tm dng tnh nt 2 v tnh nt 3, 4 trong khong thi gian t t = t 12
n t = t12 + t24. Sau khi tnh c in p nt 3, 4 ta quay tr li tnh in p nt
2.
U32 = U32(t0,12)
Vi U32 = U3 U23
U42 = U42(t0,24)
Vi U42 = U4 U24
in p nt 2 c th tnh c bng phng php tip tuyn.
T2 = Zt.C = 133 1774 10 6 = 0,236 s
t 0,03
=
= 0,127
T2 0,236
U2 = 0,127(2Ut U2(t))
U2(t+t) = U2 + U2(t)
D, Tnh in p ti nt 3:
Nt 3 c 1 ng dy i ti vi tng tr sng Z = 400, tng tr tp trung
ti nt 3 l t in dung C = 161 pF mc song song vi chng st van, ta c s
thay th peterson nh sau (hnh v 2-14):
Ut
Z
C 3= 161 pF
Zdt
3
CSV
2Udt
C3= 161 pF
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
2Zt 2 400
=
=2
Z
400
2U t = 2 U'23
U23 = U23(t0,12)
U23 = U2 U32
=
=>
Vi
E, Tnh in p ti nt 4:
Nt 4 c 1 ng dy i ti vi tng tr sng Z = 400, tng tr tp trung
ti nt 4 l t in dung C = 1672 pF, ta c s thay th peterson nh sau (hnh
v 2-15):
Ut
Z
C 4= 1672 pF
Zdt
4
2Udt
C 4= 1672 pF
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
2Zt 2 400
=
=2
Z
400
2U t = 2 U'24
U24 = U24(t0,24)
U24 = U2 U42
=
=>
Vi
0
0,31
310
1
0,78
780
1.5
1
1000
U(kV)
2
3
0,97 0,94
970 940
4
0,87
870
5
0,81
810
6
0,76
760
7
0,73
730
8
0.71
710
9
0.71
710
10
0.71
710
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
t(s)
0
0
10
12
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
t(s)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
U(kV) 1740 1580 1440 1360 1220 1180 1180 1180 1180 1180
11
1180
U1
U2
Ucsv
U4
Utg
UMBA
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
t (s)
0
0
10
12
-200
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
i (kA)
6
5
4
3
2
1
t(s)
0
0
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
Chng III:
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
III.2 Cc yu cu k thut :
i vi cc trm phn phi ngoi tri t 110 kV tr ln do c mc cch
in cao nn c th t ct thu li trn kt cu ca trm phn phi. Cc tr ca
cc kt cu trn c t ct thu li phi c ngn nht v sao cho dng in
st Is khuch tn vo trong t theo 3 n 4 thanh ci ca h thng ni t. Ngoi
ra mi tr ca kt cu y phi c ni t b sung ci thin tr s ca in tr
ni t.
-
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
Loi vt liu
Thp m trn
Thp dt m km
Cp thp
Thanh ng trn
Thanh ng dt
Dy ng xon
Thanh nhm trn
Dy dn dng in
st dng trn mt t
8 mm
20x2,5 mm 2
Khng c dng
8 mm
20x2,5 mm 2
Khng c dng
Khng c dng
Dy dn dng in
st dng di t
10 mm
30x3,5 mm 2
Khng c dng
8 mm
20x2,5 mm 2
Khng c dng
Khng c dng
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
h
rx
2h/3
hx
0.75h
1.50h
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
5,5
v trn hnh v dng cc
h
hx
Rx
ho=h-a/7
1.5h
1.5ho
Rx
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
h1
h2
Rx
hx
a
Rx
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
h0 = h2
a'
=>
7
h0 = h2
a'
7
dc ca dng in st 30 kA/s.
Trnh t hnh:
-
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
hx
2
)
Nu h x < h th rx = 1,5h (1
0,8h
3
2
h
Nu h x > h th rx = 0,75h (1 x )
3
h
+
a
7
di s
) =a
dt
di s
)
dt
Trong :
Is l bin dng in st
R l in tr ni t xung kch ca ct thu li
L in cm phn dy dn c chiu di l0 :
B Mn H Thng in
L= L0l0
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
Vl
E cpk
Is R
E cp
77,5 x 154 m,
61,5 x 137 m.
Xt nhm ct (1, 7, 8) ta c:
a + b + c 38 + 33 + 37,6
=
= 54,3 (m)
2
2
a.b.c
2 P( P a )( P b)( P c)
Trng i Hc Bch Khoa H Ni 74
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
38 33 37,5
=42
2 54,3(54,3 38)(54,3 33)(54,3 37,5)
(m)
(m)
17 m
8m
11 m
D 42
=
= 5,3
8
8
11 m
11 m
11 m
17 m
5
7
17 m
17 m
16 m
11 m
11 m
11 m
11 m
17 m
17 m
10
17 m
11
17 m
17 m
11 m
13 17 m
5.5 m
11 m
17 m
12
AT1
AT2
21 m
Nh phn ph?i 10 kV
11 m
14
17 m
15
8m
11 m
20
8m
8m
14.5 m
11 m
16
8m
17 m
8m
17
18
8m
10 m
15 m
19
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
a = 34 m
b = 53,7 m
c = 53,7 m
a + b + c 34 + 53,7 + 53,7
=
= 70,7
2
2
(m)
D=
34 53,7 53,7
=56,6(m)
2 70,7(70,7 34)(70,7 53,7)(70,7 53,7)
D 56,6
=
= 7,07
8
8
(m)
b = 53,7 m
c = 37,1 m
D=
=
D 53,7
=
= 6,7
8
8
(m)
b = 50 m
c = 37 m
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
p=
a + b + c 24 + 50 + 37
=
= 55,5 (m)
2
2
D=
24 50 37
=52,6
2 55,5(55,5 24)(55,5 50)(55,5 37)
(m)
D 52,6
=
= 6,6
8
8
(m)
Xt nhm ct (1, 2, 7) ta c:
b = 38 m
c = 24 m
a + b + c 51 + 38 + 24
=
= 56,5 (m)
2
2
D=
51 38 24
=53,8
2 56,5(56,5 51)(56,5 38)(56,5 24)
(m)
D 53,8
=
= 6,7
8
8
(m)
b = 50 m
c = 47,4 m
a + b + c 38 + 50 + 47,4
=
= 67,7
2
2
B Mn H Thng in
(m)
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
D=
38 50 47,4
=53
2 67,7(55,5 38)(67,7 50)(67,7 47,4)
(m)
D 53
=
= 6,6
8
8
(m)
b = 38 m
c = 50 m
a + b + c 47,4 + 50 + 38
=
= 67,7
2
2
(m)
D=
38 50 47,4
= 53 (m)
2 67,7(67,7 38)(67,7 50)(67,7 47,4)
D 53
=
= 6,6
8
8
(m)
b = 31,5 m
c = 46,9 m
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
a.b.c
2 P( P a )( P b)( P c)
D=
D 54
=
= 6,8
8
8
(m)
b = 44,5 m
c = 41,6 m
D=
D 51,4
=
= 6,4
8
8
(m)
b = 41,6 m
c = 34 m
a + b + c 41,6 + 41,6 + 34
=
= 58,6
2
2
(m)
a.b.c
2 P( P a )( P b)( P c)
Trng i Hc Bch Khoa H Ni 79
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
41,6 41,6 34
= 45,6 (m)
2 58,6(58,6 41,6)(58,6 41,6)(58,6 34)
D 45,6
=
= 5,7
8
8
(m)
b = 41,6 m
c = 34 m
a + b + c 41,6 + 41,6 + 34
=
= 58,6
2
2
(m)
D=
41,6 41,6 34
= 45,6 (m)
2 58,6(58,6 41,6)(58,6 41,6)(58,6 34)
D 45,6
=
= 5,7
8
8
(m)
b = 38 m
c = 27 m
a + b + c 41,6 + 38 + 27
=
= 53,3
2
2
(m)
a.b.c
2 P( P a )( P b)( P c)
41,6 38 27
= 42,6 (m)
2 53,3(53,3 41,6)(53,3 38)(53,3 27)
Trng i Hc Bch Khoa H Ni 80
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
D 42,6
=
= 5,3
8
8
(m)
Xt nhm ct (2, 3, 6) ta c:
(m)
D 38
=
= 4,8
8
8
(m)
D 47,4
=
= 5,9
8
8
(m)
D 47,4
=
= 5,9
8
8
(m)
(m)
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
ha =
D 38
=
= 4,8
8
8
(m)
Pha 110 kV :
-
b = 49,2 m
c = 40 m
a + b + c 36,6 + 49,2 + 40
=
= 62,9
2
2
(m)
D=
36,6 49,2 40
= 50 (m)
2 62,9(62,9 36,6)(62,9 49,2)(62,9 40)
D 50
=
= 6,2
8
8
(m)
b = 49,2 m
c = 37,6 m
a.b.c
2 P( P a )( P b)( P c)
44,5 49,2 37,6
= 51,4 (m)
2 65,7(65,7 44,5)(65,7 49,2)(65,7 37,6)
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
ha =
-
D 51,4
=
= 6,4
8
8
(m)
Xt nhm ct (14,17,18) ta c:
b = 40 m
c = 37,6 m
a + b + c 46,2 + 40 + 37,6
=
= 61,9
2
2
(m)
D=
46,2 40 37,6
= 48,3 (m)
2 61,9(61,9 46,2)(61,9 40)(61,9 37,6)
D 48,3
=
=6
8
8
(m)
Xt nhm ct (14,15,18) ta c:
b = 36,3 m
c = 34 m
a + b + c 46,2 + 26,3 + 34
=
= 58,3
2
2
(m)
a.b.c
2 P( P a )( P b)( P c)
46,2 26,3 34
= 46,6 (m)
2 58,3(58,3 46,2)(58,3 36,3)(58,3 34)
D 46,6
=
= 5,8
8
8
(m)
Trng i Hc Bch Khoa H Ni 83
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
b = 36,3 m
c = 46 m
a + b + c 37,5 + 36,3 + 46
=
= 60
2
2
(m)
D=
37,5 36,3 46
= 47 (m)
2 60(60 37,5)(60 36,3)(60 46)
D 47
=
= 5,9
8
8
(m)
b = 27 m
c = 38,9 m
a + b + c 37,5 + 27 + 38,9
=
= 51,7
2
2
(m)
a.b.c
2 P( P a )( P b)( P c)
37,5 27 38,9
= 40,8 (m)
2 51,7(51,7 37,5)(51,7 27)(51,7 38,9)
D 48,8
=
= 5,1
8
8
(m)
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
D 47,4
=
= 5,9
8
8
(m)
Nhm ct
c
p
D
Trm 220 kV
37,6 54,3 42
1,7,8
33
38
8,9,10
34
7,8,10
1,2,7
38
51
2,7,10
24
50
2,6,10
2,3,6
6,10,11
6,5,11
5,11,12
3,4,5,6
9,10,13
10,13,14
10,14,11
11,14,15
11,12,15
38
50
47
38
54
47
42
42
42
31,5
44,5
34
34
38
13,16,17
13,14,17
37
45
49,2
49,2
14,17,18
46
40
14,15,18
15,18,20
15,12,20
18,19,20
46
38
38
36,3
36,3
27
37
55,5 52,6
47,4 67,7
ha
5,25
7,0
8
6,72
6,73
6,5
8
6,62
4,75
5,93
5,92
6,62
4,75
6,76
6,42
5,7
5,7
5,33
53
38
47,4
47,4
50 67,7 53
0
38
46,9 66,1 54
41,6 66,5 51,4
41,6 58,6 45,6
41,6 58,6 45,6
27 53,3 42,6
Trm 110 kV
40 62,9 50 6,25
37,6 65,7 51,4 6,43
6,0
37,6 61,9 48,3
4
34 58,3 46,6 5,83
46 59,9 47,2 5,9
38,9 51,7 40,9 5,11
47,4 5,93
Nhm a gic
Tam gic
Tam gic
Tam gic
Tam gic
Tam gic
Tam gic
Tam gic vung
Tam gic vung
Tam gic vung
Tam gic
Hnh ch nht
Tam gic
Tam gic
Tam gic
Tam gic
Tam gic
Tam gic
Tam gic
Tam gic
Tam gic
Tam gic
Tam gic
Tam gic vung
Qua tnh ton c th cao tc dng cho tng nhm ct ta nhn thy:
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
8
)
0,8h 0
=> h 0 = 15,3
10 4
= 21
7
(m)
(m)
(m)
2
2
h = 24,5 = 16,3
3
3
(m)
hx
17
) = 0,75 24,5(1
) = 5,6
h
24,5
(m)
hx
11
) = 1,5 24,5(1
) = 16,1
0,8 h
0,8 24,5
(m)
2
2
h = 21,5 = 14,3
3
3
(m)
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
rx = 1,5h (1
-
hx
11
) = 1,5 21,5(1
) = 11,6
0,8 h
0,8 21,5
(m)
hx
8
) = 1,5 21,5(1
) = 17,25
0,8 h
0,8 21,5
(m)
Xt cp ct 1, 2 ta c:
h1= h2 = 24,5 m,
a = 51 m
a
51
= 24,5 = 17,2
7
7
(m)
cao 17 m:
2
2
hx = 17 m > h 0 = 17,2 = 11,5 m
3
3
Nn r0 x = 0,75h 0 (1
+
hx
17
) = 0,75 17,2(1
) = 0,15 (m)
h0
17,2
cao 11 m:
2
2
hx = 11 m < h 0 = 17,2 = 11,5 m
3
3
Nn rx = 1,5h (1
-
hx
11
) = 1,5 17,2(1
) = 5,2 (m)
0,8 h
0,8 17,2
Xt cp ct 2, 3 , cp ct 3,4, cp ct14, 15 v cp ct 8, 9 ta c:
h1= h2 = 24,5 m,
a = 34 m
a
34
= 24,5
= 19,6
7
7
(m)
cao 17 m:
2
2
hx = 17 m > h 0 = 19,6 = 13 m
3
3
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
Nn r0 x = 0,75h 0 (1
+
hx
17
) = 0,75 19,6(1
) = 1,95 (m)
h0
9,6
cao 11 m:
2
2
hx = 11 m < h 0 = 19,6 = 13 m
3
3
Nn rx = 1,5h (1
-
hx
11
) = 1,5 19,6(1
) = 8,8 (m)
0,8 h
0,8 19,6
Xt cp ct 4,5 ta c:
h1= h2 = 24,5 m,
a = 17 m
a
17
= 24,5 = 22 (m)
7
7
cao 17 m:
2
2
hx = 17 m > h 0 = 22 = 14,7 m
3
3
Nn r0 x = 0,75h 0 (1
+
hx
17
) = 0,75 22(1 ) = 3,75 (m)
h0
22
cao 11 m:
2
2
hx = 11 m < h 0 = 22 = 14,7 m
3
3
Nn rx = 1,5h (1
-
hx
11
) = 1,5 22(1
) = 12,4 (m)
0,8 h
0,8 22
Xt cp ct 5, 12 ta c:
h1= h2 = 24,5 m,
a = 50 m
a
50
= 24,5
= 17,4
7
7
(m)
cao 17 m:
2
2
hx = 17 m > h 0 = 17,4 = 11,6 m
3
3
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
Nn r0 x = 0,75h 0 (1
+
hx
17
) = 0,75 17,4(1
) = 0,3 (m)
h0
17,4
cao 11 m:
2
2
hx = 11 m < h 0 = 17,4 = 11,6 m
3
3
Nn rx = 1,5h (1
-
hx
11
) = 1,5 17,4(1
) = 5,5 (m)
0,8 h
0,8 17,4
Xt cp ct 1, 8 ta c:
h1= h2 = 24,5 m,
a = 33 m
a
33
= 24,5
= 19,8
7
7
(m)
cao 17 m:
2
2
hx = 17 m > h 0 = 19,8 = 13,2 m
3
3
Nn r0 x = 0,75h 0 (1
+
hx
17
) = 0,75 19,8(1
) = 2,1(m)
h0
19,8
cao 11 m:
2
2
hx = 11 m < h 0 = 19,8 = 13,2 m
3
3
Nn rx = 1,5h (1
-
hx
11
) = 1,5 19,8(1
) = 9 (m)
0,8 h
0,8 19,8
Xt cp ct 9, 13 ta c:
h1= h2 = 24,5 m,
a = 31,5 m
a
31,5
= 24,5
= 20
7
7
(m)
cao 17 m:
2
2
hx = 17 m > h 0 = 20 = 13,3 m
3
3
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
Nn r0 x = 0,75h 0 (1
+
hx
17
) = 0,75 20(1 ) = 2,25 (m)
h0
20
cao 11 m:
2
2
hx = 11 m < h 0 = 20 = 13,3 m
3
3
Nn rx = 1,5h (1
-
hx
11
) = 1,5 20(1
) = 9,4 (m)
0,8 h
0,8 20
Xt cp ct 13, 14 ta c:
h1= h2 = 24,5 m,
a = 45 m
a
45
= 24,5
= 18 (m)
7
7
cao 17 m:
2
2
hx = 17 m > h 0 = 18 = 12 m
3
3
Nn r0 x = 0,75h 0 (1
+
hx
17
) = 0,75 18(1 ) = 0,75 (m)
h0
18
cao 11 m:
2
2
hx = 11 m < h 0 = 18 = 12 m
3
3
Nn rx = 1,5h (1
-
hx
11
) = 1,5 18(1
) = 6,4 (m)
0,8 h
0,8 18
Xt cp ct 12, 15 ta c:
h1= h2 = 24,5 m,
a = 24 m
a
24
= 24,5
= 21 (m)
7
7
cao 17 m:
2
2
hx = 17 m > h 0 = 21 = 14 m
3
3
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
Nn r0 x = 0,75h 0 (1
+
hx
17
) = 0,75 21(1 ) = 3 (m)
h0
21
cao 11 m:
2
2
hx = 11 m < h 0 = 21 = 14 m
3
3
Nn rx = 1,5h (1
hx
11
) = 1,5 21(1
) = 10,9 (m)
0,8 h
0,8 21
Xt cp ct 13, 16 ta c:
h1= 24,5 m
h2 = 21 m
a = 37 m
2
h1 nn ta c :
3
h2
21
) = 37 0,75 24,5(1
) = 34,4 (m)
h1
24,5
a'
34,4
= 21
= 16 (m)
7
7
cao 11 m:
2
2
hx = 11 m > h 0 = 16 = 10,7 m
3
3
Nn r0 x = 0,75h 0 (1
+
hx
11
) = 0,75 16(1 ) = 3,75 (m)
h0
16
cao 8 m:
2
2
hx =8 m < h 0 = 16 = 10,7 m
3
3
Nn rx = 1,5h (1
-
hx
8
) = 1,5 16(1
) = 9 (m)
0,8 h
0,8 16
Xt cp ct 12, 20 ta c:
h1= 24,5 m
B Mn H Thng in
h2 = 21 m
a = 38,9 m
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
2
h1 nn ta c :
3
h2
21
) = 36,3 (m)
a' = a 0,75h1 (1 ) = 38,9 0,75 24,5(1
h1
24,5
cao ln nht ca khu vc bo v gia 2 ct thu st l:
a'
36,3
h 0 = h = 21
= 15,8
(m)
7
7
Bn knh ca khu vc bo v gia 2 ct thu st l:
+ cao 11 m:
2
2
hx = 11 m > h 0 = 15,8 = 10,5 m
3
3
hx
11
) = 3,6 (m)
Nn r0 x = 0,75h 0 (1 ) = 0,75 15,8(1
h0
15,8
+ cao 8 m:
2
2
hx =8 m < h 0 = 15,8 = 10,5 m
3
3
hx
8
) = 1,5 15,8(1
) = 8,7 (m)
Nn rx = 1,5h (1
0,8 h
0,8 15,8
Hai ct ny c chiu cao khc nhau v h2 >
Xt cp ct 19, 20 ta c:
h1= h2 = 21 m, a = 22,5 m
cao ln nht ca khu vc bo v gia 2 ct thu st l:
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
a
22,5
= 21
= 17,8
(m)
7
7
Bn knh ca khu vc bo v gia 2 ct thu st l:
+ cao 11 m:
2
2
hx = 11 m < h 0 = 17,8 = 11,9 m
3
3
hx
11
) = 1,5 17,8(1
) = 6 (m)
Nn rx = 1,5h (1
0,8 h
0,8 17,8
+ cao 8 m:
2
2
hx = 11 m < h 0 = 17,8 = 11,9 m
3
3
hx
8
) = 1,5 17,8(1
) = 11,7 (m)
Nn rx = 1,5h (1
0,8 h
0,8 17,8
h0 = h
r017
0,15
1,95
1,95
1,95
1,95
3,75
0,3
2,1
2,25
0,75
3
r011
r08
5,2
8,8
8,8
8,8
8,8
12,4
5,5
9
9,4
6,4
10,9
3,75
9
3,6 8,7
3,2 7,9
3,2 7,9
3,2 7,9
6
11,7
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
17 m
11 m
rox = 8,8 m
rox = 8,8 m
rox =5,2 m
rx = 5,6 m
rox =0,15 m
11 m
3
rox =1,95 m 11 m
11 m
rox =1,95 m
17 m
rox =3,75 m
7
17 m
5
17 m
16 m
11 m
11 m
11 m
11 m
rox =5,5 m
rox =0,3 m
17 m
17 m
10
17 m
rox =12,4 m
11
17 m
17 m
12
11 m
13 17 m
5.5 m
11 m
17 m
AT1
AT2
21 m
Nh phn ph?i 10 kV
11 m
14
17 m
15
8m
11 m
20
8m
rox =6 m
8m
14.5 m
11 m
16
8m
19
rox =3,2 m
17
18
rox =7,9 m
17 m
8m
15 m
8m
10 m
rox =11,7 m
rx = 11,6 m
rx = 17,25 m
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
Phng n 2 b tr ct nh hnh v:
Pha 220 kV b tr 15 (ct 1 n ct 15) ct t trn x bn trong trm.
Pha 110 kV b tr 14 (ct 16 n ct 29) ct t trn x bn trong trm.
8m
17 m
11 m
11 m
11 m
11 m
17 m
5
7
17 m
17 m
16 m
11 m
11 m
11 m
11 m
6
17 m
17 m
17 m
10
11
17 m
17 m
11 m
13 17 m
5.5 m
11 m
12
17 m
AT1
AT2
21 m
Nh phn ph?i 10 kV
11 m
14
17 m
22
15
23
8m
11 m
8m
16
14.5 m
8m
17
8m
19
20
21
11 m
24
25
17 m
18
27
26
28
29
10 m
15 m
Xt nhm ct (1, 7, 8) ta c:
B Mn H Thng in
8m
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
a + b + c 38 + 33 + 37,6
=
= 54,3
2
2
(m)
D=
38 33 37,5
=42
2 54,3(54,3 38)(54,3 33)(54,3 37,5)
(m)
D 42
=
= 5,3
8
8
(m)
b = 38 m
c = 38 m
a + b + c 34 + 38 + 38
=
= 55
2
2
(m)
a.b.c
2 P( P a )( P b)( P c)
34 38 38
=42,5
2 55(55 34)(55 38)(55 38)
(m)
D 42,5
=
= 5,3
8
8
(m)
b = 38 m
c = 33 m
Trng i Hc Bch Khoa H Ni 96
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
a + b + c 37,6 + 38 + 33
=
= 54,3
2
2
(m)
D=
=
37,6 38 33
=42(m)
2 54,3(54,3 37,6)(54,3 38)(54,3 33)
D 42
=
= 5,3
8
8
(m)
Xt nhm ct (2, 6, 7) ta c:
b = 47,4 m
c = 53,5 m
a + b + c 24 + 47,4 + 53,5
=
= 62,4
2
2
(m)
D=
=
24 47,4 53,5
=53,5 (m)
2 62,4(62,4 24)(62,4 47,4)(62,4 53,5)
D 53,5
=
= 6,7
8
8
(m)
Xt nhm ct (1, 2, 7) ta c:
b = 38 m
c = 24 m
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
p=
a + b + c 51 + 38 + 24
=
= 56,5 (m)
2
2
D=
51 38 24
=53,8
2 56,5(56,5 51)(56,5 38)(56,5 24)
(m)
D 53,8
=
= 6,7
8
8
(m)
b = 47,4 m
c = 53,5 m
a + b + c 24 + 47,4 + 53,5
=
= 62,4
2
2
(m)
D=
=
24 47,4 53,5
=53,5 (m)
2 62,4(62,4 24)(62,4 47,4)(62,4 53,5)
D 53,5
=
= 6,7
8
8
(m)
Xt nhm ct (3, 5, 6) ta c:
b = 38 m
c = 37,6 m
a + b + c 33 + 38 + 37,6
=
= 54,3
2
2
B Mn H Thng in
(m)
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
D=
33 38 37,6
= 42 (m)
2 54,3(54,3 33)(54,3 38)(54,3 27,6)
D 42
=
= 5,3
8
8
(m)
b = 37,6 m
c = 48 m
a + b + c 50 + 37,6 + 48
=
= 67,8
2
2
(m)
D=
50 37,6 48
= 53 (m)
2 67,8(67,8 50)(67,8 37,6)(67,8 48)
D 53
=
= 6,6
8
8
(m)
Xt nhm ct (6,11,13) ta c:
b = 48 m
c = 53,7 m
a + b + c 24 + 48 + 53,7
=
= 62,9
2
2
(m)
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
a.b.c
2 P( P a )( P b)( P c)
D=
24 48 53,7
= 53,7 (m)
2 62,9(62,9 24)(62,9 48)(62,9 53,7)
D 53,7
=
= 6,7
8
8
(m)
b = 51 m
c = 27 m
a + b + c 53,7 + 51 + 27
=
= 65,9
2
2
(m)
D=
53,7 51 27
= 54,4 (m)
2 65,9(65,9 53,7)(65,9 51)(65,9 27)
D 54,4
=
= 6,8
8
8
(m)
b = 31,5 m
c = 39,4 m
a + b + c 38 + 31,5 + 39,4
=
= 54,5
2
2
(m)
a.b.c
2 P( P a )( P b)( P c)
Trng i Hc Bch Khoa H Ni 100
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
38 31,5 39,4
= 42,4 (m)
2 54,5(54,5 38)(54,5 31,5)(54,5 39,4)
D 42,4
=
= 5,3
8
8
(m)
b = 51 m
c = 44,5 m
a + b + c 39,5 + 51 + 44,5
=
= 67,5
2
2
(m)
a.b.c
2 P( P a )( P b)( P c)
39,4 51 44,5
= 52,9 (m)
2 67,5(67,5 39,4)(67,5 51)(67,5 44,5)
D 52,9
=
= 6,6
8
8
(m)
Xt nhm ct (10,14,11) ta c:
(m)
D 51
=
= 6,4
8 8
(m)
(m)
Trng i Hc Bch Khoa H Ni 101
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
D 51
=
= 6,4
8 8
(m)
D 47,4
=
= 5,9
8
8
(m)
Xt nhm ct (2, 3, 6) ta c:
D 47,4
=
= 5,9
8
8
(m)
Xt nhm ct (3, 4, 5) ta c:
(m)
D 38
=
= 4,8
8
8
(m)
Pha 110 kV :
-
b = 30 m
c = 25,4 m
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
p=
a + b + c 22,5 + 30 + 25,4
=
= 33,9
2
2
(m)
D=
22,5 30 25,4
= 26,5 (m)
2 33,9(33,9 22,5)(33,9 30)(33,9 25,4)
D 26,5
=
= 3,3
8
8
(m)
b = 25,6 m
c = 33,9 m
D=
D 34,1
=
= 4,3
8
8
(m)
b = 25,6 m
c = 18,9 m
a + b + c 30 + 25,6 + 18,9
=
= 37,3
2
2
B Mn H Thng in
(m)
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
D=
30 25,6 18,9
= 30,2 (m)
2 37,3(37,3 30)(37,3 25,6)(37,3 18,9)
D 30,2
=
= 3,8
8
8
(m)
b = 17,4 m
c = 21,5 m
D=
D 22,5
=
= 2,8
8
8
(m)
b = 30 m
c = 36 m
a + b + c 21,5 + 30 + 36
=
= 43,8
2
2
(m)
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
D=
=
a.b.c
2 P( P a )( P b)( P c)
21,5 30 36
= 36 (m)
2 43,8(43,8 21,5)(43,8 30)(43,8 36)
D 36
=
= 4,5
8
8
(m)
36 43 22
= 37 (m)
2 46(46 36)( 46 43)( 46 22)
D 37
=
= 4,6
8
8
(m)
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
a
33
34
37,6
51
2,6,7
7,11,6
7,10,11
2,3,6
3,4,5
3,5,6
6,5,12
6,11,12
11,12,15
10,9,13
10,13,14
10,14,11
11,14,15
13,16,17
13,17,23
17,18,23
14,18,23
14,18,19
14,15,19
15,19,20
15,20,22
20,21,22
16,17,25,24
17,18,26,25
18,19,27,26
19,29,28,27
20,21,29,28
D 37,5
=
= 4,7
8
8
b
38
38
38
38
(m)
c
p
D
Trm 220 kV
37,6 54,3
42
38
55 42,5
33 54,3
42
24 56,5 53,8
ha
5,25
5,31
5,25
6,73
6,6
8
6,6
8
5,93
5,93
4,75
5,25
6,64
6,71
6,8
5,3
6,61
6,38
6,38
B Mn H Thng in
Nhm a gic
Tam gic
Tam gic
Tam gic
Tam gic
Tam gic
Tam gic
Tam gic vung
Tam gic vung
Tam gic vung
Tam gic
Tam gic
Tam gic
Tam gic
Tam gic
Tam gic
Tam gic vung
Tam gic vung
Tam gic
Tam gic
Tam gic
Tam gic
Tam gic
Tam gic
Tam gic
Tam gic
Tam gic vung
Hnh ch nht
Hnh ch nht
Hnh ch nht
Hnh ch nht
Hnh ch nht
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
Qua tnh ton c th cao tc dng cho tng nhm ct ta nhn thy :
i vi trm 220 kV th hamax = 6,73 m v ta chn ha chung cho c trm
nn chn ha chung cho c trm 220 kV l 7,5 m,
i vi trm 110 kV th hamax = 4,7 m v ta chn ha chung cho c trm nn
chn ha chung cho c trm 110 kV l 5 m,
Pha 220 kV cn bo v cho cao ln nht l hx = 17 m cho nn cao
ca ct thu st pha 220 kV l:
h = ha+hx = 17 + 7,5 = 24,5 m
Pha 110 kV cn bo v cho cao ln nht l hx = 11 m cho nn cao
ca ct thu st pha 110 kV l:
h = ha+hx = 11 + 5 = 16 m
Tnh bn knh bo v ca 1 ct thu li:
Bn pha 220 kV bo v bng ct thu li cao 24,5 m v cc cao cn bo
v l 17 m v 11 m
Ta c:
-
2
2
h = 24,5 = 16,3
3
3
(m)
hx
17
) = 0,75 24,5(1
) = 5,6
h
24,5
(m)
hx
11
) = 1,5 24,5(1
) = 16,1
0,8 h
0,8 24,5
(m)
2
2
h = 16 = 10,7
3
3
(m)
hx
11
) = 0,75 16(1 ) = 3,75
h
16
(m)
B Mn H Thng in
hx
8
) = 1,5 10,7 (1
)=9
0,8 h
0,8 10,7
(m)
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
Xt cp ct 1, 2 ta c:
h1= h2 = 24,5 m,
a = 51 m
a
51
= 24,5 = 17,2
7
7
(m)
cao 17 m:
2
2
hx = 17 m > h 0 = 17,2 = 11,5 m
3
3
Nn r0 x = 0,75h 0 (1
+
hx
17
) = 0,75 17,2(1
) = 0,15 (m)
h0
17,2
cao 11 m:
2
2
hx = 11 m < h 0 = 17,2 = 11,5 m
3
3
Nn rx = 1,5h (1
-
hx
11
) = 1,5 17,2(1
) = 5,2 (m)
0,8 h
0,8 17,2
Xt cp ct 2, 3 , cp ct 3,4, cp ct14, 15 v cp ct 8, 9 ta c:
h1= h2 = 24,5 m,
a = 34 m
a
34
= 24,5
= 19,6
7
7
(m)
cao 17 m:
2
2
hx = 17 m > h 0 = 19,6 = 13 m
3
3
Nn r0 x = 0,75h 0 (1
+
hx
17
) = 0,75 19,6(1
) = 1,95 (m)
h0
9,6
cao 11 m:
2
2
hx = 11 m < h 0 = 19,6 = 13 m
3
3
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
Nn rx = 1,5h (1
-
hx
11
) = 1,5 19,6(1
) = 8,8 (m)
0,8 h
0,8 19,6
Xt cp ct 4,5 ta c:
h1= h2 = 24,5 m,
a = 17 m
a
17
= 24,5 = 22 (m)
7
7
cao 17 m:
2
2
hx = 17 m > h 0 = 22 = 14,7 m
3
3
Nn r0 x = 0,75h 0 (1
+
hx
17
) = 0,75 22(1 ) = 3,75 (m)
h0
22
cao 11 m:
2
2
hx = 11 m < h 0 = 22 = 14,7 m
3
3
Nn rx = 1,5h (1
-
hx
11
) = 1,5 22(1
) = 12,4 (m)
0,8 h
0,8 22
Xt cp ct 5, 12 ta c:
h1= h2 = 24,5 m,
a = 50 m
a
50
= 24,5
= 17,4
7
7
(m)
cao 17 m:
2
2
hx = 17 m > h 0 = 17,4 = 11,6 m
3
3
Nn r0 x = 0,75h 0 (1
+
hx
17
) = 0,75 17,4(1
) = 0,3 (m)
h0
17,4
cao 11 m:
2
2
hx = 11 m < h 0 = 17,4 = 11,6 m
3
3
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
Nn rx = 1,5h (1
-
hx
11
) = 1,5 17,4(1
) = 5,5 (m)
0,8 h
0,8 17,4
Xt cp ct 1, 8 ta c:
h1= h2 = 24,5 m,
a = 33 m
a
33
= 24,5
= 19,8
7
7
(m)
cao 17 m:
2
2
hx = 17 m > h 0 = 19,8 = 13,2 m
3
3
Nn r0 x = 0,75h 0 (1
+
hx
17
) = 0,75 19,8(1
) = 2,1(m)
h0
19,8
cao 11 m:
2
2
hx = 11 m < h 0 = 19,8 = 13,2 m
3
3
Nn rx = 1,5h (1
-
hx
11
) = 1,5 19,8(1
) = 9 (m)
0,8 h
0,8 19,8
Xt cp ct 9, 13 ta c:
h1= h2 = 24,5 m,
a = 31,5 m
a
31,5
= 24,5
= 20
7
7
(m)
cao 17 m:
2
2
hx = 17 m > h 0 = 20 = 13,3 m
3
3
Nn r0 x = 0,75h 0 (1
+
hx
17
) = 0,75 20(1 ) = 2,25 (m)
h0
20
cao 11 m:
2
2
hx = 11 m < h 0 = 20 = 13,3 m
3
3
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
Nn rx = 1,5h (1
-
hx
11
) = 1,5 20(1
) = 9,4 (m)
0,8 h
0,8 20
Xt cp ct 13, 14 ta c:
h1= h2 = 24,5 m,
a = 45 m
a
45
= 24,5
= 18 (m)
7
7
cao 17 m:
2
2
hx = 17 m > h 0 = 18 = 12 m
3
3
Nn r0 x = 0,75h 0 (1
+
hx
17
) = 0,75 18(1 ) = 0,75 (m)
h0
18
cao 11 m:
2
2
hx = 11 m < h 0 = 18 = 12 m
3
3
Nn rx = 1,5h (1
-
hx
11
) = 1,5 18(1
) = 6,4 (m)
0,8 h
0,8 18
Xt cp ct 12, 15 ta c:
h1= h2 = 24,5 m,
a = 24 m
a
24
= 24,5
= 21 (m)
7
7
cao 17 m:
2
2
hx = 17 m > h 0 = 21 = 14 m
3
3
Nn r0 x = 0,75h 0 (1
+
hx
17
) = 0,75 21(1 ) = 3 (m)
h0
21
cao 11 m:
2
2
hx = 11 m < h 0 = 21 = 14 m
3
3
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
Nn rx = 1,5h (1
hx
11
) = 1,5 21(1
) = 10,9 (m)
0,8 h
0,8 21
Xt cp ct 13, 16 ta c:
h1= 24,5 m
h2 = 16 m
a = 22,5 m
2
h1 nn ta c :
3
h2
)
h1
16
) = 15,8 (m)
0,8 24,5
a'
15,8
= 16
= 13,7
7
7
(m)
cao 11 m:
2
2
hx = 11 m > h 0 = 13,7 = 9,1 m
3
3
Nn r0 x = 0,75h 0 (1
+
hx
11
) = 0,75 13,7(1
) = 2,03 (m)
h0
13,7
cao 8 m:
2
2
hx =8 m < h 0 = 13,7 = 9,1 m
3
3
Nn rx = 1,5h (1
-
hx
8
) = 1,5 13,7(1
) = 5,6 (m)
0,8 h
0,8 13,7
Xt cp ct 12, 22 ta c:
h1= 24,5 m
h2 = 16 m
a = 32 m
2
h1 nn ta c :
3
h2
)
h1
Trng i Hc Bch Khoa H Ni 113
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
= 32 1,5 24,5(1
16
) = 25,6 (m)
0,8 24,5
a'
25,6
= 16
= 12,3
7
7
(m)
cao 11 m:
2
2
hx = 11 m > h 0 = 12,3 = 8,2 m
3
3
Nn r0 x = 0,75h 0 (1
+
hx
11
) = 0,75 12,3(1
) = 0,75 (m)
h0
12,3
cao 8 m:
2
2
hx =8 m = h 0 = 12,3 = 8,2 m
3
3
Nn rx = 1,5h (1
-
hx
8
) = 1,5 12,3(1
) = 3 (m)
0,8 h
0,8 12,3
Xt cp ct 16, 24 v cp ct 21,29 ta c:
h1= h2 = 16 m, a = 22,5 m
a
22,5
= 16
= 12,8
7
7
(m)
cao 11 m:
2
2
hx = 11 m > h 0 = 12,8 = 8,5 m
3
3
hx
11
) = 1,4 (m)
Nn r0 x = 0,75h 0 (1 ) = 0,75 12,8(1
h0
12,8
+ cao 8 m:
2
2
hx = 8 m < h 0 = 12,8 = 8,5 m
3
3
hx
8
) = 1,5 12,8(1
) = 4,2 (m)
Nn rx = 1,5h (1
0,8 h
0,8 12,8
-
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
h1= h2 = 16 m, a = 20 m
cao ln nht ca khu vc bo v gia 2 ct thu st l:
h0 = h
a
20
= 16
= 13
7
7
(m)
cao 11 m:
2
2
hx = 11 m > h 0 = 13 = 8,8 m
3
3
hx
11
Nn r0 x = 0,75h 0 (1 ) = 0,75 13(1 ) = 1,5 (m)
h0
13
+
cao 8 m:
2
2
hx = 8 m < h 0 = 13 = 8,8 m
3
3
hx
8
) = 1,5 13(1
) = 4,5 (m)
Nn rx = 1,5h (1
0,8 h
0,8 13
-
Xt cp ct 25, 26 v cp ct 26, 27 ta c:
h1= h2 = 16 m, a = 30 m
cao ln nht ca khu vc bo v gia 2 ct thu st l:
a
30
h 0 = h = 16
= 11,7 (m)
7
7
Bn knh ca khu vc bo v gia 2 ct thu st l:
+ cao 11 m:
2
2
hx = 11 m > h 0 = 11,7 = 7,8 m
3
3
hx
11
) = 0,52 (m)
Nn r0 x = 0,75h 0 (1 ) = 0,75 11,7(1
h0
11,7
+ cao 8 m:
2
2
hx = 8 m > h 0 = 11,7 = 7,8 m
3
3
hx
8
) = 2,78 (m)
Nn r0 x = 0,75h 0 (1 ) = 0,75 11,7(1
h0
11,7
-
Xt cp ct 21, 22 ta c:
h1= h2 = 16 m, a = 16 m
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
h0 = h
a
16
= 16 = 13,7 (m)
7
7
cao 11 m:
2
2
hx = 11 m > h 0 = 13,7 = 9,1 m
3
3
hx
11
) = 2,03 (m)
Nn r0 x = 0,75h 0 (1 ) = 0,75 13,7(1
h0
13,7
+
cao 8 m:
2
2
hx = 8 m < h 0 = 13,7 = 9,1 m
3
3
hx
8
) = 1,5 13,7(1
) = 5,6 (m)
Nn rx = 1,5h (1
0,8 h
0,8 13,7
Cui cng ta c bng
thu st :
Cp ct
h1
1,2
24,5
2,3
24,5
3,4
24,5
8,9
24,5
14,15
24,5
4,5
24,5
5,12
24,5
1,8
24,5
9,13
24,5
13,14
24,5
12,15
24,5
13,16
24,5
15,22
24,5
16,24
16
21,29
16
24,25
16
27,28
16
28,29
16
25,26
16
26,27
16
B Mn H Thng in
a
51
34
34
34
34
17
50
33
31,5
45
24
22,5
34,4
22,5
22,5
20
20
20
30
30
h0
17,2
19,6
19,6
19,6
19,6
22
17,4
19,8
20
18
21
13,7
12
12,8
12,8
13
13
13
11,7
11,7
r017
0,15
1,95
1,95
1,95
1,95
3,75
0,3
2,1
2,25
0,75
3
r011
5,2
8,8
8,8
8,8
8,8
12,4
5,5
9
9,4
6,4
10,9
2
0,75
1,4
1,4
1,5
1,5
1,5
0,5
0,5
r08
5,6
3
4,2
4,2
4,5
4,5
4,5
2,8
2,8
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
21,22
16
16
16
13,7
5,6
11 m
rox = 8,8 m
rox = 8,8 m
rox =5,2 m
17 m
rx = 5,6 m
11 m
rox =0,15 m
11 m
rox =1,95 m
11 m
rox =1,95 m
17 m
rox =3,75 m
rox =12,4 m
5
7
17 m
17 m
16 m
11 m
11 m
11 m
11 m
6
rox =5,5 m
rox =0,3 m
17 m
17 m
17 m
10
11
17 m
17 m
11 m
13 17 m
5.5 m
11 m
12
17 m
AT1
AT2
21 m
Nh phn ph?i 10 kV
11 m
14
17 m
22
15
23
8m
rox =5,6 m
11 m
8m
16
14.5 m
17
8m
18
19
rox =2 m
20
11 m
rox =1,4 m
24
8m
25
17 m
8m
15 m
26
rox =0,5 m
27
rox =2,8 m
rox =1,5 m
rox =4,5 m
B Mn H Thng in
21
28
10 m
rox =4,2 m
29
rx = 3,75 m
rx = 9 m
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
Kt lun:
Phng n 1 dng 20 ct, L1 = 198,5 m.
Phng n 2 dng 29 ct, L2 = 232,5 m.
T vic tnh ton v so snh gia 2 phng n ta thy phng n 1 l
phng n thon mn cc yu cu v kinh t k thut nn c dng lm
phng n trong cho thit k.
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
Chng IV:
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
Khi dng ni t t nhin phi tun theo nhng qui nh ca qui phm.
Nu in tr ni t t nhin tha mn cc yu cu ca thit b c dng in
ngn mch chm t b th khng cn lm thm ni t nhn to na. Nhng i
vi cc thit b c dng in ngn mch ln th cn phi ni t nhn to v yu
cu tr s in tr nhn to phi nh hn 1.
IV.2 Tr s cho php ca in tr ni t:
Tr s in tr ni t cng b th tc dng ca ni t cng cao. Nhng
vic gim tr s ca in tr ni t s lm tng gi thnh xy dng ln nhiu v
s lng kim loi tng ln, do cn phi qui nh tr s cho php ca in tr
ni t.
i vi h thng ni t lm vic, tr s ca n phi tha mn cc yu cu
ca tnh trng lm vic ca mi thit b. Theo qui trnh:
-
250
125
nhng khng c qu 10 .
(4-1)
Trong :
C l in dung ca mt pha ca h thng ni t.
-
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
(4-2)
Trong : K l h s ma.
Trong n ny ta c in tr sut ca t = 0,75 10 4 cm
in tr ct RC =10 .
IV.4 Tnh ton ni t:
Vi cp in p ln hn 110 kV ni t an ton phi tha mn iu kin
l: in tr ni t ca h thng phi c gi tr R 0,5 . iu kin ny xut
pht t vic cp in p ln hn 110 kV dng in ngn mch ln, khi chm
v hoc khi r in th dng in s rt ln gy nguy him.
cp in p 110 kV tr ln do c tr s in tr tn b v c mc cch
in cao nn c th thc hin ni t an ton v ni t chng st chung.
in tr ni t ca h thng phi tha mn cc iu kin sau:
R NT R TN
R HT = R NT // R TN =
0,5
(4-3)
R NT + R TN
Trong :
RTN : l in tr ni t t nhin.
RNT : l in tr ni t nhn to. RNT 1
IV.4.1 Ni t t nhin:
Ni t t nhin bao gm cc dng sau:
-
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
1
R cs
n
(4-5)
()
()
Rc
1
1
10
=
= 0,5804
41
Rc 1 4 1
10
1
+
+
+
+
2
0,7021 4
2
R cs 4
()
Rc
1
1
10
=
= 0,242
81
Rc 1 8 1
10
1
()
+
+
+
+
2
0,4641 4
2
R cs 4
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
R TN =
R TN1 R TN 2
0,5804 0,242
=
= 0,17
R TN1 + R TN 2 0,5804 + 0,242
()
135
61.5
137 l2
75.5
152
l1
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
tt
K L2
ln
2L
t d
(4-6)
Trong :
L:
t:
(.cm)
d:
l1 l 2 = S
Vi L= 578 m
S = 152 75,5 + 135 61,5 = 19779 m 2
=>
2(l1 + l 2 ) = L = 578
l1 = 177,7
=>
l1 l 2 = S = 19779
l 2 = 111,3
Nh vy t s:
l1 177,7
=
= 1,6
l 2 111,3
l1
= 1,6 th
l2
K=5,9047
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
K
10
8
6
4
5,9047
2
0
1,6 2
l1/l2
120
5,9 5782
tt
K L2
ln
=
ln
=
2L
t d 2 578 0,8 0,02
= 0,615
().
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
(4-7)
Trong :
I
l bin dng in st.
Zxk(0,t) l tng tr xung kch u vo ca h thng ni t.
U50%MBA l tr s phng in xung kch ca my bin p.
i vi pha 110 kV th U50%MBA = 460 kV.
i vi pha 220 kV th U50%MBA = 900 kV.
Nh vy iu kin ca ni t chng st l U < U50%MBA = 460 kV.
-
I S = a s
Khi t s
Khi t > s
B Mn H Thng in
300 (kA/s).
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
I 150
=
= 5 (s)
a 30
Is(A)
I
t(s)
R mvanton
0,612
k mast =
1,25 = 0,478
k maanton
1,6
()
S thay th ca mt tia:
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
289
0,31) = 1,99
0,01
H/m
l = Gu
t
Gii h phng trnh ny ta c in p ti im bt k ti thi im t
bt k trn in cc:
t
a
1
kx
T
U( x, t ) =
t + 2T1 2 (1 e ) cos
G l
l
k =1 k
k
(4-8)
1 2T1 1
T
Z(0, t ) =
1 +
(1 e
G l
t k =1 k 2
Vi:
L G l2
T1 =
2
T
Tk = 12
k
L G l2
Tk = 2 2
k
1 2T1 1
Z(0, s ) =
(1 e T
1 +
2
2 G l s k =1 k
s
k
(4-9)
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
Chui s:
Chui s:
k2 e
s
TK
k =1
s
T1
s
T2
s
Tk
e
e
e
+
+
...
+ ...
12
22
k2
s
Tk
s
Tk
e
k2
7
1,244
4,019
0,921
0,72
0,018
0,921
0,18
4E-04
T bng trn ta c:
s
1 T
k 2 e =1,18
k =1
7
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
1 2T1 1
Z(0, s ) =
(1 e T
1 +
2
2 G l s k =1 k
Vy:
1
2 60,96
1+
(1,645 1,18)
3
2 3,62 10 289
5
=5,9 ()
U = I Z(0,s) = 150 5,9 = 884
(kV)
R mvst R cocst
R mvst n c + R cocst t
Chiu di cc lcc = 3 m
ng knh d = 4 cm
chn su t = 0,8 m
tt
2l coc
(4-10)
Trong :
tt
l ng knh cc d = 0,04 m
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
R cst =
= 26 ()
trn ta cng tnh c in tr ca mch vng Rmvst = 0,478 ()
Vi a l khong cch gia 2 cc a = 1,5 m, l l chiu di mi cc.
Chn t s a/l = 1, s cc l n 193 cc, tra bng ta c:
c = 0,36
t = 0,19
Vy ta c:
R NTst =
=
R mvst R cocst
R mvst n c + R cocst t
0,478 26
= 0,326
0,478 0,36 193 + 26 0,19
()
1 2T1 1
T
Z(0, s ) =
1
+
(
1
e
)
2 G l s k =1 k 2
Vi:
1
1
=
G=
= 5,3 10 3 (1/m)
2R NTst l 2 0,326 289
s
k
1
1 1
1
2
Chui s:
k 2 = 12 + 2 2 + ... k 2 + ... = 6 = 1,645
k =1
s
T1
s
T2
s
Tk
e
e
e
+ 2 + ... 2 + ...
2
1
2
k
k =1
Trong chui s ny ta ch xt n s hng cha e 4 (do e 5 tr i c gi tr
rt nh so vi cc s hng trc nn ta c th b qua). Tc l ta tnh vi k sao
cho:
s
4 vi k Z +
Tk
Chui s:
s
TK
k2 e
s s
=
4
Tk T1
k2
B Mn H Thng in
2
hay k
4T1
s
Trng i Hc Bch Khoa H Ni 131
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
4T1
L G l2
1,99 5,3 10 3 289 2
k
=2
=2
= 8,45
s
2 s
2 5
Ta chn k trong khong t 1 n 9
L G l 2 1,99 5,3 10 3 289 2
T1 =
=
= 89,25
s
2
2
k
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Tk(s) 89,25 22,31 9,917 5,578 3,57 2,479 1,821
s
0,056 0,224 0,504 0,896 1,401 2,017 2,745
Tk
e
s
Tk
s
Tk
e
k2
8
1,395
9
1,102
3,585
4,538
0,028
0,011
0,946
4E-04
1E-04
0,2
0,067 0,026
0,01
0,004 0,001
T bng trn ta c:
9
1 T
k 2 e =1,253
k =1
s
K
1 2T1 1
Z(0, s ) =
(1 e T
1 +
2
2 G l s k =1 k
Vy:
1
2 89,25
1+
(1,645 1,253)
3
2 5,3 10 289
5
=4,89 ()
U = I Z(0,s) = 150 4,89 = 734 (kV)
V U = 734 kV > U50%MBA = 460 kV nn phng n ni t mch vng kt
hp vi ng cc xung quanh mch vng cha m bo yu cu ni t chng
st, m bo an ton cho thit b th ta phi tin hnh ni t b sung.
- Kim tra phng n ni t mch vng km theo ni t b sung theo yu
cu ca ni t chng st:
Trong ni t b sung ta s dng dng ni t tp trung gm thanh v cc.
Do vic xc nh Zbx bng l thuyt l rt kh khn cho nn ta chn hnh thc
ni t b sung nh sau:
Chn thanh ni t b sung l loi thp dt c:
+ Chiu di lT = 6 m
+ B rng bT = 0,04 m
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
2 m
2 m
2 m
2,8 m
2 m
in tr ca thanh:
ttT
K l T2
RT =
ln
2 lT t d T
(4-11)
Trong :
lT
l chiu di thanh lT = 6 m.
tt
(/cm)
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
()
in tr ca cc:
in tr cc:
ttc
2l coc
R cst =
coc
Trong :
tt
l ng knh cc d = 0,04 m
75 1,15 2 2 1 4 1,8 + 2
ln
+ ln
22 0,04 2 4 1,8 2
= 33,56 ()
in tr b sung:
in tr b sung c tnh theo cng thc:
R bx =
RT RC
R T n c + R C t
l s cc
Trong :
T, C l h s s dng ca thanh v cc
Tra bng tm T, C ta c vi t s a/l =1 v s cc n = 3 th:
T = 0,77
C = 0,76
thay cc gi tr trn vo cng thc trn ta c:
R bx =
RT RC
19,2 35,56
=
R T n c + R C t 19,2 3 0,76 + 35,56 0,77
= 9,6()
Tng tr vo ca h thng ni t khi c ni t b sung:
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
R bx R NTst
2 R NTst
Z XK (0, s ) =
+
e T =A+B
1
R bx + R NTst k =1 R NTst +
R bx
cos 2 X k
2
(4-12)
Trong :
R bx R NTst
9,6 0,478
=
=0,455
R bx + R NTst 9,6 + 0,478
A=
()
x 2k s
2
T1
2 R NTst
e
B = k =1 R NTst
1
+
R bx
cos 2 X k
x 2k s
2 T1
cn t e 5 tr i c gi
T
X 2k s
4 => X k 2 1
2
s
T1
Khi lp s thay th ta coi h thng ni t c dng hnh ch nht v khi
tnh ton th xem h thng gm 2 phn song song vi nhau v c cng di, s
thay th nh sau:
L'
G'
Hnh v 4-6
Trong :
L
l in cm tng ng ca mt n v di v L = L/2.
l in dn tn ng ca mt n v di G = 2G.
Ta c:
L
2Gl 2
L' G ' l
LGl 2
2
T1 =
=
= 2 = 60,96
2
2
X k 2
B Mn H Thng in
(s)
T1
60,96
= 22
= 2
s
5
Trng i Hc Bch Khoa H Ni 135
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
R NTst
0,478
Xk =
= 0,05X k
R bx
9,6
Hnh v 4-7
k
Xk
Cos(Xk)
1
2,99
-0.989
2
5,99
0.957
3
4
5
9
12,02 15,06
-0.911 0.854 -0.797
6
18,1
0.732
7
21,17
-0.681
x 2k s
2 R NTst
e T
B = k =1 R NTst
1
+
R bx
cos 2 X k
7
x 2k
2 0,478
60 , 96
e
=
1
k =1 0,478
+
9,6
cos 2 X k
7
0,956
e 8,310 X
1
= k =1 0,05 +
cos 2 X k
7
B Mn H Thng in
2
k
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
Ta c bng sau:
k
Xk
1
2
cos (X k )
R NTst
1
+
2
R bx
cos (X k )
8 , 3 10
e 8,310
Bk
Xk
X
2
k
1
2,99
2
5,99
3
9
4
5
12,02 15,06
6
18,1
7
21,17
1,37
1,42
3,72
T bng ta c:
B=
Bk = 2,174
k =1
T tnh c:
Z XK (0, s ) = A + B =0,455 + 2,174 = 2,629
()
(m)
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
5
7
10
11
9
AT1
AT2
Nh phn ph?i 10 kV
12
15
14
13
20
19
16
17
18
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
CHUYN :
NGHIN CU MT S YU T NH HNG
TI THAM S NG DY SIU CAO P KHI LA
CHN KT CU PHN PHA
A, t vn :
Do cng in trng trn mt dy dn tng t l vi in p nn
lnh vc siu cao p v cc cao p in trng ny s c tr s ln gy nn
phng in vng quang trong min khng kh bao quanh dy dn. khc phc
nhc im ny ta phi tng cng tit din dy dn, v d cp in p 500 kV
th ng knh ti thiu ca dy dn cc pha khong 50 mm (tit din khong
1964 mm 2 ). Vi tit din dy ny th c th ti dng in rt ln theo phng
php tit din dy kinh t cho nn vi cc dng cng sut bnh thng th s gy
nn mt chi ph khng l cho vic xy dng ng dy, cng vi vic ch
to, vn chuyn v lp t cc c dy ln nh vy s rt kh khn iu ny
dn n k thut phn pha, mt k thut c o ca lnh vc cao p v siu cao
p dy dn n pha c thay th bng chm n dy dn phn nh vi khong
cch gia cc dy phn nh l a. iu chnh cc tham s n v a s lm gim
cng in trng trn b mt dy dn khng cho xut hin phng in
vng quang.
S dng k thut phn pha cn c tc dng nng cao cng sut t nhin
ca ng dy, nhng mt khc li lm tng in dung ca ng dy v do
lm nng n thm hu qu do in dung ng dy gy nn.
Do vic xc nh s phn pha n v khong cch a ca ng dy siu
cao p, v cc cao p cn phi c xem xt trn nhiu phng din:
-
B, Gii quyt vn :
1, Tc dng ca phn pha i vi cc tham s c bn ca ng dy.
1.1 in dung h 3 dy t.
Cho h 3 dy dn t. mi dy c cao treo dy h i, bn knh ri v c
mt in tch trn n v di i ( i = 1 3 ) (hnh 1-1):
Ta c h phng trnh maxwell nh sau:
1 = 111 + 12 2 + 13 3
2 = 211 + 22 2 + 23 3
= + +
31 1
32 2
33 3
3
B Mn H Thng in
(1-1)
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
d23
1
3
h2
h3
D12'
D11'
1'
3'
2'
Hnh 1-1
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
(1-5)
T xc nh c in dung th t thun:
C=
1
1
=
1 ii ik
(1-6)
20
D D D
1
ln( 3 d12 d 23d 31 11' 22' 33' )
r
D12 ' D 23' D 31'
(1-7)
C=
ln(
13
d12 d 23d 31 )
r
(1-8)
D 0 4
)10
r
H/km
(1-9)
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
L = 0,145 lg
Trong :
D0
+ 0,0157
r
/km
(1-10)
D 0 = 3 d12 d 23d 31
(1-11)
R=
(1-12)
2 sin
n
Trong :
a-
U
=
(11 + 12 + 13 + ... + 1n ) = U
1
U 2 = ( 21 + 22 + 23 + ... + 2 n ) = U (1-13)
n
U 3 = n ( 31 + 32 + 33 + ... + 3n ) = U
1
dik
3
a
4
hi
Dik
i'
k'
Hnh 1-2
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
1
2h
1
2h
ln i
ln
20
r0
20 r0
1
D
1
2h
ik =
ln ik '
ln
20
r0
20 d ik
(1-14)
20 U
nU
=
i1 + i 2 + ... + in ln( 2h 2h 2h ... 2h )
r0 d1 d 2 d n 1
20 U
2h
= ln(
)
n r d d ...d
0 1 2
n 1
T ta c cng thc tnh in dung:
C=
q
=
U ln(
20
2h
)
r0 d1d 2 ...d n 1
Nh bit in dung ca h dy dn - t
(1-15)
0
20
2h
ln
r
(1-16)
Hnh 1-3
Nhn thy rng chm n dy nh c xem nh tng ng vi mt dy
n c bn knh ng tr bng:
rdtr = n r0 d1d 2 ...d n 1
(1-17)
Thay th:
d1 = a = 2R sin
n
2
d 2 = a = 2R sin
n
(n 1)
d n 1 = a = 2R sin
n
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
2
(n 1)
rdtr = n r0 2R sin 2R sin ...2R sin
n
n
n
S c:
Vi quan h:
sin
2
(n 1)
n
sin ... sin
= n 1
n
n
n
2
(1-18)
C0 =
20
1
ln(
rdtr
F
D11' D 22' D 33'
d12 d 23d 31
) m
D12 ' D 23' D 31'
20 3
10
D
ln
rdtr
L0 = (
F
km
D
0,5
+ 4,6 lg 0 )10 4
n
rdtr
(1-19)
H
km
(1-20)
D dS = q
S
=>
2r 0 E = q
(1-21)
Trong :
r bn knh dy dn cc pha
E in trng trn mt dy dn
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
d23 = 10 m
2'
3'
'
d11' = 28 m
d13
=3
d12'
4,4
m
= 29
,7 m
1'
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
0,3
)
r
kV/cm
Trong :
m - h s nhm ph thuc v trn bng ca b mt dy vi dy
nhiu si th m = 0,82, dy mt si nhn m = 1.
t -
r-
bn knh dy dn
mt khng khi
=
p-
0,386 p
t + 273
t = 40 0 C
(1-23)
p0 = 760 mmHg
H - cao so vi mc nc bin
H = 1000 m
=>
(mmHg)
0,326
)
r
0,3
0,3
) = 30,3 0,845 0,82(1 +
)
r
r 0,845
kV/cm
Trng i Hc Bch Khoa H Ni 146
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
E, Evq
800
700
600
500
Evp
400
300
200
100
0
r (cm)
0
10
12
2(n 1)r0
E () = E 1 +
sin cos
a
n
(1-24)
Trong :
E
l cng in trng trung bnh trn mt cc dy nh. xc
nh E ta vit biu thc nh lut Gauss cho mt dy nh:
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
DdS = n
q
20 r0 n
E=
v c
r0
r0
1
4
a
o
3
2
r0
r0
Hnh 1-6
Thay th q bi
2
CU s dn n:
3
E=
2
U
3 nr ln D
0
rdtr
Trong :
rtr - c xc nh theo cng thc:
rdtr = n n r0 R n 1
D - khong cch trung bnh gia cc pha c xt n nh hng ca mt
D D D
D = 3 d12 d 23 d13 11' 22' 33'
t:
(cm)
D12 ' D 23' D 31'
Trong cng thc trn cho thy in trng cc i xut hin ti cc im
pha ngoi nht ng vi = 0 cn cc im pha trong nht ng vi = th
in trng cc tiu. Tr s in trng cc i c tr s bng:
E max =
B Mn H Thng in
2
U
2( n 1)r0
1
+
sin
3 nr ln D
a
n
0
rdtr
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
Khi thay th
rdtr = n r0 (
n
E max =
a
2 sin
) n 1
2
3 nr ln
0
th ca n s c:
2(n 1)r0
sin
1 +
a
n
U
D
n
n r0 (
a
2 sin
) n 1
0,3
2(n 1)r0
1
+
sin
<
30
,
3
m
1
+
a
n
r0
U
D
n
n r0 (
a
2 sin
) n 1
E vq = 30,3 m(1 +
= 21(1 +
0,3
0,3
) = 30,3 0,845 0,82(1 +
)
r0
r0 0,845
0,326
)
r0
kV/cm
n
+
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
r0 =
S
1320
=
= 14,5
n
2
E vq = 21(1 +
( mm 2 )
0,326
0,326
) = 21(1 +
) = 26,7
r0
1,45
(kV/cm)
Nh vy:
2
3 nr ln
0
D
n
0,3
2(n 1)r0
1
+
sin
<
30
,
3
m
1
+
a
n
r0
U
n r0 (
2 sin
n
2
3 2 1,45 ln
2(2 1)1,45
sin < 26,7
1 +
a
2
525
1131
2
147,8
1131
E=
ln
2 1, 45a
) n 1
2 1,45 (
2 sin
2
) 21
2,9
1 + a < 26,7
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
20
40
60
80
100
120 a
(cm)
Hnh 1-7
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
S
1320
=
= 11,83
n
3
E vq = 21(1 +
( mm 2 )
0,326
0,326
) = 21(1 +
) = 27,3
r0
1,183
(kV/cm)
Nh vy:
2
3 nr ln
0
D
n r0 (
0,3
2(n 1)r0
1
+
sin
<
30
,
3
m
1
+
a
n
r0
U
a
2 sin
2
3 3 1,183 ln
) n 1
2(3 1)1,183
sin < 27,3
1 +
a
3
525
1131
3
3 1,183 (
a
2 sin
) 31
a (cm)
0
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Hnh 1-8
+
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
r0 =
S
1320
=
= 10,25
n
4
E vq = 21(1 +
( mm 2 )
0,326
0,326
) = 21(1 +
) = 27,76
r0
1,025
(kV/cm)
Nh vy:
2
3 nr ln
0
D
n
0,3
2(n 1)r0
1
+
sin
<
30
,
3
m
1
+
a
n
r0
U
n r0 (
2
3 4 1,025 ln
2 sin
n
) n 1
2(4 1)1,025
sin < 27,76
1 +
a
4
525
1131
4
4 1,025 (
2 sin
4
) 41
20
40
60
80
100
120
a (cm)
140
Hnh 1-9
Ti a = 22,3 cm th E = Emin = 26,93 < 27,76 kV/cm
Nh vy khi phn lm 4 phn pha th vi a = 22,3 cm cng in
trng cc i trn b mt dy dn lun tha mn E < Evq = 27,76 kV/cm.
+
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
r0 =
S
1320
=
= 9,17
n
5
E vq = 21(1 +
( mm 2 )
0,326
0,326
) = 21(1 +
) = 28,15
r0
0,917
(kV/cm)
Nh vy:
2
3 nr ln
0
D
n
0,3
2(n 1)r0
1
+
sin
<
30
,
3
m
1
+
a
n
r0
U
n r0 (
2 sin
n
2
3 5 0,917 ln
) n 1
2(5 1)0,917
sin < 28,15
1 +
a
5
525
1131
5
5 0,917 (
2 sin
5
) 51
20
40
60
80
100
120
a (cm)
140
Hnh 1-10
Ti a = 20,2 cm th E = Emin = 25,3 <28,15 kV/cm
Nh vy khi phn lm 5 phn pha th vi a = 20,2 cm cng in
trng cc i trn b mt dy dn lun tha mn E < Evq = 28,15 kV/cm.
2.3, Tc dng ca phn pha i vi cng sut t nhin.
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
rdtr = nr0 (
n
a
2 sin
) n 1
U2
Ptn =
60 (
0,5
+ ln
2n
n
nr0 (
D0
a
2 sin
) ln
) n 1
nr0 (
D
a
) n 1
n
(1-28)
2 sin
1000
n=5
800
600
400
200
a (cm)
0
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Hnh 1-11
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
20
10 3
D
ln
a
nr0 (
) n 1
n
2 sin
n
L0 = (
0,5
+ 4,6 lg
n
n
nr0 (
F
km
D0
a
2 sin
)10 4
H
km
) n 1
C (nF/km)
20
18
16
14
12
n=5
n=4
10
8
6
4
2
a (cm)
0
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
L (H/km)
0.0014
0.0012
0.001
n=5
n=4
0.0008
0.0006
0.0004
0.0002
a (cm)
0
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
2, ma (k c tuyt t);
3, tuyt;
4, bng gi.
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
Cc hm Ftt, Fm, Ft, Fb, tng ng vi cc dng thi tit ni trn. Thng
khi thit k mu ng dy trong vng c kh hu n ha c th ly thi gian
thi tit tt Ftt = 7235 h, thi tit ma v tuyt t Fm = 500 h, Ft =800 h, Fb
=225.
Cc s liu ban u dng tnh ton: chiu cao treo dy so vi mt nc
bin H, nhit trung bnh hng nm ttb, khong cch trung bnh hnh hc gia
cc pha Dtb, c dy v s dy dn trong mt pha, in p dy Ud.
Th t tin hnh tnh ton tn tht cng sut v in nng do vng quang
nh sau:
1. Xc nh p sut khng kh ti cao treo dy so vi mt nc bin:
p = p 0 (1 10 4 H)
2. Xc nh mt khng kh tng i:
=
0,386 p
t + 273
E vq = 30,3 m(1 +
0,3
)
r
kV/cm
Ud
D
n d lg( tb )
rtr
(1-30)
Trong :
Ud - in p dy, (kV)
d - ng knh dy, (cm)
Dtb - khong cch trung bnh hnh hc gia cc pha (cm)
Cng in trng ca pha gia ln hn ca pha ngoi 7%.
Khi s dng dy phn pha cng in trng tng ng ca pha th
i (i=1, 2, 3) tnh theo cng thc:
Ei,td = E i ,tb [1 + E i ,tb / E 0 ]
(1-31)
= 0.545 2 d 2 / a 2
(1-32)
vi
Trong :
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
2
2
2 3
3 2
Ud
D
n d lg( tb )
rtr
(1-33)
(1-34)
E
E
Ftot ( itd )E itd Ttot + Fm ( itd )E itd Tm
E vq ,
E vq ,=1
nd 2 10 3 i=1, 2,3
i=1, 2,3
Pvq =
4 8760
E itd
E itd
+
F
(
)
E
T
+
F
(
)
E
itd
b
t
itd Tt
i=1, 2,3 b E
E
i =1, 2 , 3
vq
,
=
1
vq
,
=
1
(1-35)
Do nc ta khng c tuyt v bng cho nn cng thc c dng sau:
Pvq =
E itd
E
nd 2 10 3
)E itd 2 Ttot + Fm ( itd )E itd Tm
Ftot (
4 8760 i=1, 2,3
E vq ,
E vq ,=1
i=1, 2,3
(1-36)
3.2 Xy dng phng php gii tch th tnh tn tht cng sut v in
nng trn ng dy siu cao p v cc cao p.
Ta c cc hm tn tht vng quang cho di dng bng (Ftt, Fm):
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
Etd/Evq
0.5
0.55
0.6
0.65
0.7
0.75
0.8
0.85
Ftt (n)
1
0.6
0.8
0.9
1.4
2
3
5
7
2
0.9
1.3
1.8
2.5
3.8
5.3
6.5
12
3
1.1
1.6
2.2
3
4.3
5.8
9
14
4
1.25
1.8
2.8
3.6
5.1
7.2
9.8
15
Fm
7.5
13
24
36
58
80
110
140
n=1
12
n=2
10
n=3
n=4
6
4
2
0
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
Etd/E0
Hnh 1-14
Phng php c s dng y l phng php bnh phng cc tiu ta
nhn thy cc ng cong u c dng gn nh l hm hypebol nn ta xp x
bng mt hm hypebol y = ax 2 + bx + c :
Tnh ton v quy i ng cong thc nghim v hm bc 2:
-
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
i
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
x2
x3
x4
yx 2
yx
0.6
0.8
0.9
1.4
2
3
5
7
0.25
0.303
0.36
0.423
0.49
0.563
0.64
0.723
0.125
0.166
0.216
0.275
0.343
0.422
0.512
0.614
0.063
0.092
0.13
0.179
0.24
0.316
0.41
0.522
0.15
0.242
0.324
0.592
0.98
1.688
3.2
5.058
0.3
0.44
0.54
0.91
1.4
2.25
4
5.95
20.7
3.75
2.673
1.95
12.23
15.79
0.5
0.55
0.6
0.65
0.7
0.75
0.8
0.85
5.4
i =1
E td
):
E vq
0.5
0.55
0.6
0.65
0.7
0.75
0.8
0.85
0.9
1.3
1.8
2.5
3.8
5.3
6.5
12
5.4
34.1
i =1
B Mn H Thng in
x3
0.125
0.166
0.216
0.275
0.343
0.422
0.512
0.614
x4
0.063
0.092
0.13
0.179
0.24
0.316
0.41
0.522
yx 2
yx
0.225 0.45
0.393 0.715
0.648 1.08
1.056 1.625
1.862 2.66
2.981 3.975
4.16
5.2
8.67 10.2
3.75 2.673
1.95
20 25.91
x2
0.25
0.303
0.36
0.423
0.49
0.563
0.64
0.723
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
E td
):
E vq
0.5
0.55
0.6
0.65
0.7
0.75
0.8
0.85
1.1
1.6
2.2
3
4.3
5.8
9
14
5.4
41
i =1
x2
0.25
0.303
0.36
0.423
0.49
0.563
0.64
0.723
x3
0.125
0.166
0.216
0.275
0.343
0.422
0.512
0.614
3.75 2.673
x4
0.063
0.092
0.13
0.179
0.24
0.316
0.41
0.522
yx 2
0.275
0.484
0.792
1.268
2.107
3.263
5.76
10.12
yx
0.55
0.88
1.32
1.95
3.01
4.35
7.2
11.9
E td
):
E vq
B Mn H Thng in
x2
x3
x4
yx 2
yx
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
0.5
1.25
0.25
0.55
1.8
0.30
3
0.6
2.8
0.36
0.65
3.6
0.7
5.1
0.75
7.2
0.8
9.8
0.64
0.85
15
0.72
3
5.4
46.5
5
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
8
i =1
0.42
3
0.49
0.56
3
0.12
5
0.16
6
0.21
6
0.27
5
0.343
0.42
2
0.51
2
0.61
4
3.75 2.673
0.99
0.13 1.008
1.68
0.179 1.521
2.34
0.24 2.499
3.57
0.316
4.05
5.4
0.41 6.272
7.84
35.2
E td
):
E vq
i vi thi tit ma
x2
0.5
7.5
0.25
0.125
0.55
13
0.302
5
0.166
4
0.6
24
0.36
0.216
0.65
36
0.7
58
0.422
5
0.49
0.274
6
0.343
B Mn H Thng in
x3
yx 2
x4
0.062
1.875
5
0.091
3.9325
5
0.129
8.64
6
0.178
15.21
5
0.240 28.42
yx
3.75
7.15
14.4
23.4
40.6
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
6
7
8
0.75
80
0.562
5
0.421
9
0.8
110
0.64
0.512
0.85
140
0.722
5
0.614
1
5.4
468.
5
3.75
2.673
i =1
1
0.316
4
0.409
6
0.522
45
60
70.4
88
101.1
5
119
E td
Ta c h phng trnh xc nh cc h s ca hm Fma (
):
E vq
1,95a + 2,673b + 3,75c = 274,63
Ftt (n)
1
1.098
0.629
0.604
1.024
1.887
3.194
4.946
7.141
2
1.72
1.084
1.118
1.824
3.202
5.25
7.97
11.36
3
2.218
1.395
1.4
2.232
3.892
6.378
9.692
13.83
4
2.02
1.668
2.033
3.115
4.915
7.433
10.67
14.62
Fm
1.94
12.05
25.2
41.38
60.6
82.87
108.2
136.5
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
Ftt
16
14
12
n=1
10
n=2
n=3
n=4
4
2
Etd/E0
0
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
Fm
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
Etd/E0
0
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
Hnh 1-15
4 Tnh ton tn hao vng quang trn ng dy ti in siu cao p 500 kV
Bc Nam on Ha Bnh H Tnh:
-
Vi cc thng s nh sau:
H s nhn b mt dy dn:
m = 0,8
= 45
=4
Bn knh dy dn:
r0
= 1,265 cm
D = 13,04 m
Ttt = 6550 h
Tma= 960
U = 500
B Mn H Thng in
= 342
= 23,3
km
cm
kV
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
Cc kt qu tnh ton:
(mmHg)
0,3
)
r
0,3
) = 29,875 (kV/cm)
1,265 0,97
0,3
) = 30,702
1,265
(kV/cm)
Pha ngoi:
E1tb = E 3 tb = 0,705(
=
-
0,705(
Ud
D
n d lg( tb )
rtr
500
)
1304 =19,22
4 2 1,265 lg(
)
20,09
(kV/cm)
Pha gia:
E 2 tb = 1,07 E1tb = 1,07 19,22 = 20,57
(kV/cm)
2d 2
4,24 2 ( 2 1,265) 2
= 0,545 2 = 0,545
= 0,031
a
45 2
E1td = E1tb (1 +
E itb
19,22
) = 19,22(1 + 0,031
) = 19,6 (kV/cm)
E vq
29,875
(kV/cm)
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
E1td
19,6
=
= 0,656
E vq 29,875
Pha gia:
E 2 td
20,98
=
= 0,702
E vq 29,875
E1td
19,6
=
= 0,639
E vq ( =1) 30,706
Pha gia:
E 2 td
20,98
=
= 0,683
E vq ( =1) 30,706
E itd
E
nd 2 10 3
Pvq =
)E itd 2 Ttot + Fm ( itd )E itd Tm
Ftot (
4 8760 i=1, 2,3
E vq ,
E vq ,=1
i=1, 2,3
4 1,265 2 10 3 [ 2 3,3 19,6 + 5 20,98] 0,97 2 6550 +
Pvq =
8760
+ [ 2 37,55 19,6 + 53,7 20,98] 2210
= 5,246
(kW/km)
(kWh/km)
(kWh)
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
in cm th t thun n v L ca ng dy.
sai
In kt qu
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
Thng s u vo:
n, a, S, L, Ttt, Tma, m, H, t,
h1, h2, h3, d1, d2
Tnh d12, d23, d31, D11, D22, D33, D12, D23, D31
Tnh D, D0 theo 1-11 v 1-20
Tnh r0
Tnh p,, tnh Evq theo cc cng thc 1-24,1-23, 1-22
Tnh C0, L0 theo cng thc 1-19 v 1-20
Tnh Z v tnh Ptn theo cng thc 1-26 v 1-25
In kt qu
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
H s nhm ca ng dy m
in p dy kV.
Chiu di ng dy (km).
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
S phn pha n.
Chiu di ng dy (km).
Sau khi khai bo cc thng s trn ta chn vo Tnh ton sau chn
Tinh vi a, n c nh ta c c kt qu hin th di dng cc thng s nh
lng.
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
D, Nhn xt:
Bng cch s dng phn mm trn kho st s ph thuc ca tn hao vng
quang vo cc thng s ca ng dy ta c cc nhn xt sau:
-
Xt theo s phn pha n: tn tht cng sut do vng quang gim khi
tng s phn pha.
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
Phng php s dng dy chu nhit, tng khong cch pha gim tn
hao vng quang, s dng dy chu nhit tng kh nng ti, gim
vng, v vy c th tng khong cch pha D.
B Mn H Thng in
L Ch Linh
n Tt Nghip
B Mn H Thng in