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todaro economic development
CH 1
1. Development economics is concerned with
a. efficient allocation of scarce resources.
b. economic, social and political institutions.
2. Development economists
consider values in their analysis, because economic investigations cannot be
considered separately from their institutional, social, and political contexts.
3. Development is now thought to mean
economic growth, accompanied by dramatic change in social and political
institutions, as well as in the attitudes of the people.
4. The three core values of development are
sustenance, self-esteem, and freedom.
5. In a subsistence economy,
average money incomes are very low & individuals produce what they
consume.
6. Traditional measures of economic development include
GNP or GDP growth rates & income per capita growth rates.
7. Proponents of the "new" view of economic development
believe that development should be thought of as a multi-dimensional process.
8. To Amartya Sen,
development should be thought of as a process during which individuals'
"capabilities to function" are enhanced.
CH 2
1. Which of the following is not a common way to classify countries?
The Food and Agricultural Organization's Food Security Index
2. In the majority of developing countries, the principal economic activity is
Agriculture
3. Developing countries are commonly characterized by
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low levels of living, high levels of income inequality, and high dependency
burdens, low levels of productivity, prevalence of imperfect markets, and high
rates of population growth & primary-product exports, inadequate education
and vulnerability in international relations
4. The income gap between rich and poor nations
widened in the 1980s and 1990s
5. Infant mortality rates (the number of children who die before their first birthday
out of every 1,000 live births) are typically
under 10 in developed nations, but nearly 100 in the least-developed countries.
6. Countries with greater degrees of ethnic and religious diversity
are more likely to have internal strife and instability
7. The Human Development Index
was developed by the UNDP, ranges from 0 to 1, with 0 representing the
lowest level of human development & includes measures of longevity,
knowledge, and standard of living
8. The dependency burden is
the ratio of females to males in a population.
the total population of a country as a percentage of the world's population.
the ratio of children under the age of 15 to adults older than 64 in a population.
the ratio of imports to exports.
none of the above.

CH 3
1. Points inside the production possibilities frontier
represent underutilization of a country's resources
2. Many economists consider __________ the most important source of
economic growth
technological progress
3. Which of the following is not one of Kuznet's six characteristics of modern
economic growth?
High rates of growth of per capita output and population
4. Although free trade is thought to have contributed to economic growth of
today's economically advance countries, non-oil-exporting developing countries
today struggle with
generally declining terms of trade & trade barriers in developed countries
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0
5. The situation of higher output levels being achieved with the same quantity
and combinations of capital and labor is called
neutral technological progress
6. Output per unit of all inputs is called
total factor productivity
7.The migration of highly educated and skilled workers from developing
countries to developed countries is
commonly known as the 'brain drain'
8. Unconditional convergence
does seem to be occurring in the world today & would mean that eventually
today's developing countries will "catch up" to today's developed countries

CH 4
1. Which of the following are not among Rostow's stages of growth?
The age of mass consumption, The take-off, The drive to maturity, The
traditional society
2. According to the Harrod-Domar model,
economic growth depends on saving and investing
3.In the neocolonial dependence model, the world can be thought of as divided
into,
the "center" and the "periphery."
4. Public choice theory argues that from an economic development
perspective,
the best government is a small government.
5. In the Lewis model,
surplus labor is assumed to exist in the rural areas & capitalists are assumed
to reinvest their profits, further increasing the demand for labor
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