A book to be published!

National Intellectual Capital: A Comparison of 40 Countries

Carol Yeh-Yun Lin & Leif Edvinsson
Email: yehyunln@nccu.edu.tw, leif.edvinsson@unic.net
10
Finland Human
Capital

10

Singapore Human
Capital

Finland Market
Capital

Singapore Market
Capital

Finland Process
Capital

Singapore Process
Capital

Finland Renewal
Capital
2

Singapore Renewal
Capital

Singapore Financial
Capital

Finland Financial
Capital
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Finland Human Capital

7.513 7.621 7.635 8.266 7.949 7.707 8.013 7.902 7.884 7.892 7.908 7.525 7.460 7.761

Singapore Human Capital

4.862 5.051 5.083 5.708 5.615 6.559 7.199 7.100 6.899 6.975 7.018 7.081 7.143 7.228

Finland Market Capital

6.154 6.810 6.625 6.859 7.043 7.027 7.033 7.020 6.507 6.635 6.562 5.756 5.906 6.630

Singapore Market Capital

8.552 8.471 8.280 8.481 8.539 8.236 8.301 8.097 8.574 8.307 8.310 8.520 8.727 8.054

Finland Process Capital

6.659 7.544 7.613 8.123 8.277 8.219 8.169 8.436 7.917 7.815 7.923 6.928 6.869 7.387

Singapore Process Capital

6.631 6.566 6.693 6.891 7.225 7.220 7.565 7.579 7.457 7.361 7.566 7.874 7.727 7.165

Finland Renewal Capital 5.215 6.617 6.379 7.028 7.122 7.618 7.666 8.059 7.722 7.961 8.092 7.942 7.636 8.005
Finland Financial Capital 9.481 9.473 9.486 9.515 9.538 9.560 9.570 9.575 9.586 9.595 9.588 9.618 9.642 9.642

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Singapore Renewal Capital 3.388 3.812 4.020 4.324 4.620 4.525 4.489 4.882 4.979 5.037 5.314 5.609 6.010 5.712
Singapore Financial Capital 9.811 9.802 9.803 9.740 9.786 9.836 9.774 9.796 9.840 9.893 9.925 9.957 9.971 9.959

10
China Human
Capital

10

India Human
Capital

India Market
Capital

India Process
Capital

India Renewal
Capital

China Market
Capital

China Process
Capital

China Renewal
Capital

China Financial
Capital
0

India Financial
Capital

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

China Human Capital

3.383 3.667 3.619 4.177 4.383 3.825 3.704 3.921 4.189 4.158 4.931 5.044 4.664 4.857

China Market Capital

5.441 5.447 5.047 5.417 5.199 4.990 5.158 5.290 5.453 5.233 5.627 5.784 4.848 4.809

China Process Capital

2.412 2.550 3.187 3.530 3.571 3.657 3.670 3.792 3.624 3.567 4.055 4.154 3.934 3.192

China Renewal Capital 1.835 2.200 2.384 2.325 2.233 1.959 1.902 1.927 2.151 2.037 2.214 2.182 2.240 2.097
China Financial Capital 7.082 7.139 7.186 7.239 7.295 7.352 7.416 7.490 7.575 7.645 7.718 7.811 7.911 7.985

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

India Human Capital

3.298 3.338 3.160 3.918 3.849 4.149 3.912 3.836 4.065 3.903 3.971 4.014 3.796 3.878

India Market Capital

4.203 4.005 4.471 4.301 4.817 4.527 4.481 4.533 5.489 5.443 5.718 5.582 5.780 5.375

India Process Capital

3.079 2.557 3.153 3.016 3.071 3.131 3.126 3.160 3.524 3.371 3.633 3.544 3.327 3.444

India Renewal Capital 1.260 1.537 1.427 1.693 1.657 1.534 1.466 1.716 1.862 2.183 2.234 2.048 2.081 2.204
India Financial Capital 6.759 6.788 6.787 6.816 6.858 6.884 6.901 6.927 6.977 7.030 7.092 7.163 7.226 7.278

Features: 14 years (1995-2008) panel data for 40 countries with 11 country clusters
Which region has the highest national intellectual capital?
Nordic countries
Which country ranks #1 in national intellectual capital over the 14 years? Finland.
Is it still #1 recently?

NO! Why? Read this book!

Does this panel data have some indications for the 2008 financial crisis in Iceland?

Yes! In 2000, capital availability of Iceland drastically dropped from 5.6 to 3.0 and
remained in that level ever since, which was even lower than that of China and India.
Does the resource-rich Germany have better national intellectual capital than the
resource-limited Austria?

Read this book!

Is there a potential for the past ocean superpowers - Portugal and Spain to
regain their past glory? This book provides some insights!
What are the key elements for sustainable national intellectual capital?

Read this book!

Contact the authors for more information!

National Intellectual Capital: A Comparison of 40 Countries
Carol Yeh-Yun Lin & Leif Edvinsson
Email: yehyunln@nccu.edu.tw, leif.edvinsson@unic.net

Table of Contents
Chapter 1
Chapter 2

Introduction
Background of National Intellectual Capital

Chapter 3
Chapter 4

Methods and National Intellectual Capital Ranking of 40 Countries

National Intellectual Capital of Five Nordic Countries
(Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden)
National Intellectual Capital of Four Larger European Countries
(France, Germany, Ireland, UK)
National Intellectual Capital of Four Smaller European Countries
(Austria, Belgium, Netherlands, Switzerland)
National Intellectual Capital of Four Southern European Countries
(Greece, Italy, Portugal, Spain)
National Intellectual Capital of Eastern European Countries and
South Africa (Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, South Africa, Turkey)
National Intellectual Capital of North American Countries
(Canada, USA)
National Intellectual Capital of Latin American Countries
(Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Mexico)
National Intellectual Capital of Australia and New Zealand
National Intellectual Capital of Japan, Korea, and Taiwan
National Intellectual Capital of Southeast Asian Countries
(Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand)
National Intellectual Capital of BRIC Countries
(Brazil, Russia, India, China)
National intellectual capital development: The trajectory from a poor
to a fast growth country
Dynamic Systems in National Intellectual Capital
Policy Implications and Future Perspective

Chapter 5
Chapter 6
Chapter 7
Chapter 8
Chapter 9
Chapter 10
Chapter 11
Chapter 12
Chapter 13
Chapter 14
Chapter 15
Chapter 16
Chapter 17