Secondary stroke prevention and physiotherapy implications

Multiple choices 1) Which of the following are false? a) The greatest risk of a secondary stroke is with the subsequent year b) 10% of people have another stroke in the first year c) There is a 5-10% chance of having a stroke in the subsequent year for the following 5 years d) None of the above 2) Lifetime costs for the burden of stroke = ? a) 1.3billion b) 1.3 million c) 555million d) 27.1 million 3) Informal care- that is usually unaccounted for in cost can rise up to? a) 555 million b) 1.3 million c) 27.1 million d) 21.7 million 4) Which of the following is a modifiable risk factor a) Age b) Gender c) Diabetes d) Past history 5) Which of the folloing is modifiable risk factor? a) Family history b) Previous stroke c) Artrial fibrillation d) Socioeconomic status 6) Which of the following is a not a modifiable risk factor? a) Ethnicity b) Atrial fibrillation c) Carotid arthersclerosis d) Diabetes 7) Eating 5 serves of fruit and 2 serves of vegetables /day decreases the chance of stroke by? a) 26% b) 30% c) 50% d) 16 % 8) Not eating the appropriate serves of fruit and vegetables increases the risk of stroke by? a) 16% b) 32 %

c) 26% d) 12% 9) Which of the following is true with regards to the effects of smoking a) Decreased oxygen transference-increasing the stress on the blood vessels b) Increases agregabiliity of blood c) Causes inflammation and irritation of blood vessels d) All of the above 10) Which of the following is false regarding Physical activity and its relation to secondary stroke? a) A physically inactive lifestyle can increase one chance of stroke by 3 fold b) A cumulative 1 hour of moderate intensity activity a day is recommended to prevent secondary stroke c) Endurance exercises are usually preferred d) None of the above

Short answer 1) 2) 3) 4) Is the burden of stroke increasing or decreasing, explain. List the non-modifiable risk factors How can diet help reduce the potential for a secondary stroke? List he different methods of measuring physical activity

Long response A 50 year old male has recently had a stroke and now is in the subacute stage. After taking a social history, you discover he is a smoker and has poor physical activity. List the modifiable risk factors and elaborate on physical activity and smoking, what advice/ treatment could you recommend the patient to stop smoking and increase physical activity (state what forms of physical activity and the training parameters)?