T He Employment Situation - o Ctober 2012

USDL-12-2164
Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until

8:30 a.m. (EDT) Friday, November 2, 2012
Technical information:
Household data:
(202) 691-6378 cpsinfo@bls.gov www.bls.gov/cps
Establishment data: (202) 691-6555 cesinfo@bls.gov www.bls.gov/ces
Media contact:
(202) 691-5902 PressOffice@bls.gov
THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION OCTOBER 2012

Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 171,000 in October, and the unemployment rate
was essentially unchanged at 7.9 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today.
Employment rose in professional and business services, health care, and retail trade.
Chart 1. Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted,
October 2010 October 2012
Chart 2. Nonfarm payroll employment over-the-month

change, seasonally adjusted, October 2010
October 2012
Percent
11.0
Thousands
400
300
10.0
200
9.0
100
0
8.0
-100
7.0
Oct-10
-200
Jan-11
A pr-11
Jul-11
Oct-11 Jan-12
A pr-12
Jul-12
Oct-12
Oct-10 Jan-11 A pr-11
Jul-11
Oct-11 Jan-12 A pr-12
Jul-12 Oct-12
Hurricane Sandy
Hurricane Sandy had no discernable effect on the employment and unemployment data for
October. Household survey data collection was completed before the storm, and establishment
survey data collection rates were within normal ranges nationally and for the affected areas. For
information on how unusually severe weather can affect the employment and hours estimates,
see the Frequently Asked Questions section of this release.
Household Survey Data

Both the unemployment rate (7.9 percent) and the number of unemployed persons (12.3 million) were
essentially unchanged in October, following declines in September. (See table A-1.)
Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rate for blacks increased to 14.3 percent in
October, while the rates for adult men (7.3 percent), adult women (7.2 percent), teenagers (23.7 percent),
whites (7.0 percent), and Hispanics (10.0 percent) showed little or no change. The jobless rate for Asians
was 4.9 percent in October (not seasonally adjusted), down from 7.3 percent a year earlier. (See
tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.)
In October, the number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more) was little
changed at 5.0 million. These individuals accounted for 40.6 percent of the unemployed. (See
table A-12.)
The civilian labor force rose by 578,000 to 155.6 million in October, and the labor force participation
rate edged up to 63.8 percent. Total employment rose by 410,000 over the month. The employmentpopulation ratio was essentially unchanged at 58.8 percent, following an increase of 0.4 percentage
point in September. (See table A-1.)
The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons (sometimes referred to as
involuntary part-time workers) fell by 269,000 to 8.3 million in October, partially offsetting an increase
of 582,000 in September. These individuals were working part time because their hours had been cut
back or because they were unable to find a full-time job. (See table A-8.)
In October, 2.4 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force, little different from a
year earlier. (These data are not seasonally adjusted.) These individuals were not in the labor force,
wanted and were available for work, and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. They
were not counted as unemployed because they had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the
survey. (See table A-16.)
Among the marginally attached, there were 813,000 discouraged workers in October, a decline of
154,000 from a year earlier. (These data are not seasonally adjusted.) Discouraged workers are persons
not currently looking for work because they believe no jobs are available for them. The remaining 1.6
million persons marginally attached to the labor force in October had not searched for work in the 4
weeks preceding the survey for reasons such as school attendance or family responsibilities. (See
table A-16.)
Establishment Survey Data
Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 171,000 in October. Employment growth has
averaged 157,000 per month thus far in 2012, about the same as the average monthly gain of 153,000 in
2011. In October, employment rose in professional and business services, health care, and retail trade.
(See table B-1.)
Professional and business services added 51,000 jobs in October, with gains in services to buildings
and dwellings (+13,000) and in computer systems design (+7,000). Temporary help employment
changed little in October and has shown little net change over the past 3 months. Employment in
-2-
professional and business services has grown by 1.6 million since its most recent low point in September
2009.
Health care added 31,000 jobs in October. Job gains continued in ambulatory health care services
(+25,000) and hospitals (+6,000). Over the past year, employment in health care has risen by 296,000.
Retail trade added 36,000 jobs in October, with gains in motor vehicles and parts dealers (+7,000), and
in furniture and home furnishings stores (+4,000). Retail trade has added 82,000 jobs over the past 3
months, with most of the gain occurring in motor vehicles and parts dealers, clothing and accessories
stores, and miscellaneous store retailers.
Employment in leisure and hospitality continued to trend up (+28,000) over the month. This industry
has added 811,000 jobs since a recent low point in January 2010, with most of the gain occurring in food
services.
Employment in construction edged up in October. The gain was concentrated in specialty trade
contractors (+17,000).
Manufacturing employment changed little in October. On net, manufacturing employment has shown
little change since April.
Mining lost 9,000 jobs in October, with most of the decline occurring in support activities for mining.
Since May of this year, employment in mining has decreased by 17,000.
Employment in other major industries, including wholesale trade, transportation and warehousing,
information, financial activities, and government, showed little change over the month.
In October, the average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls was 34.4 hours for
the fourth consecutive month. The manufacturing workweek edged down by 0.1 hour to 40.5 hours, and
factory overtime was unchanged at 3.2 hours. The average workweek for production and
nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls edged down by 0.1 hour to 33.6 hours. (See
tables B-2 and B-7.)
In October, average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls edged down by
1 cent to $23.58. Over the past 12 months, average hourly earnings have risen by 1.6 percent. In
October, average hourly earnings of private-sector production and nonsupervisory employees edged
down by 1 cent to $19.79. (See tables B-3 and B-8.)
The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for August was revised from +142,000 to +192,000,
and the change for September was revised from +114,000 to +148,000.
The Employment Situation for November is scheduled to be released on Friday,

December 7, 2012, at 8:30 a.m. (EST).
-3-
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Category
Oct.
2011
Aug.
2012
Sept.
2012
Change from:
Sept. 2012Oct. 2012
Oct.
2012
Employment status
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...................... .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed................................................................... .
Employment-population ratio.......................................... .
Unemployed................................................................ .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
240,269
154,057
64.1
140,297
58.4
13,759
8.9
86,213
243,566
154,645
63.5
142,101
58.3
12,544
8.1
88,921
243,772
155,063
63.6
142,974
58.7
12,088
7.8
88,710
243,983
155,641
63.8
143,384
58.8
12,258
7.9
88,341
211
578
0.2
410
0.1
170
0.1
-369
Unemployment rates
Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Adult men (20 years and over)............................................. .
Adult women (20 years and over). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Teenagers (16 to 19 years). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Black or African American. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Asian (not seasonally adjusted)............................................ .
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................ .
8.9
8.7
7.9
24.0
8.0
15.0
7.3
11.4
8.1
7.6
7.3
24.6
7.2
14.1
5.9
10.2
7.8
7.3
7.0
23.7
7.0
13.4
4.8
9.9
7.9
7.3
7.2
23.7
7.0
14.3
4.9
10.0
0.1
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.9
0.1
Total, 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Less than a high school diploma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
High school graduates, no college. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Some college or associate degree. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Bachelors degree and higher. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7.7
13.8
9.5
8.2
4.4
6.8
12.0
8.8
6.6
4.1
6.6
11.3
8.7
6.5
4.1
6.6
12.2
8.4
6.9
3.8
0.0
0.9
-0.3
0.4
-0.3
Reason for unemployment

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Job leavers................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... .
Reentrants....................................................................... .
New entrants.................................................................... .
7,924
1,068
3,387
1,291
7,003
942
3,318
1,277
6,535
957
3,306
1,247
6,575
1,010
3,300
1,301
40
53
-6
54
Duration of unemployment
Less than 5 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5 to 14 weeks................................................................... .
15 to 26 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27 weeks and over........ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2,676
3,285
2,029
5,839
2,844
2,868
1,845
5,033
2,542
2,826
1,860
4,844
2,632
2,851
1,836
5,002
90
25
-24
158
Employed persons at work part time

Part time for economic reasons. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Slack work or business conditions......................................... .
Could only find part-time work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Part time for noneconomic reasons. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8,790
5,839
2,538
18,401
8,031
5,217
2,507
18,996
8,613
5,523
2,572
18,736
8,344
5,219
2,614
18,923
-269
-304
42
187
Persons not in the labor force (not seasonally adjusted)

Marginally attached to the labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Discouraged workers... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2,555
967
2,561
844
2,517
802
2,433
813
- Over-the-month changes are not displayed for not seasonally adjusted data.
NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not
necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with
the release of January data.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted
Oct.
2011
Aug.
2012
Sept.
2012p
Oct.
2012p
EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY

(Over-the-month change, in thousands)
Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Motor vehicles and parts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private service-providing1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Education and health services1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
112
139
6
6
-9
9
13
8.3
-4
133
11.9
12.3
3.1
-3
5
41
16.5
37
28.8
30
-4
-27
192
134
-14
-4
3
-13
-16
-7.2
3
148
7.3
18.1
7.3
-3
7
24
2.8
31
26.9
49
0
58
148
128
-13
-1
2
-14
-15
-3.5
1
141
-3.0
27.3
7.2
-9
14
8
-11.8
50
40.2
36
10
20
171
184
21
-9
17
13
5
-2.1
8
163
6.5
36.4
2.2
1
4
51
13.6
25
32.5
28
9
-13
WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES

AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES2
Total nonfarm women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total private women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total private production and nonsupervisory employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
49.4
47.9
82.5
49.3
47.8
82.6
49.3
47.8
82.6
49.3
47.8
82.7
HOURS AND EARNINGS

ALL EMPLOYEES
Total private
Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
34.4
$ 23.22
$798.77
94.6
0.1
104.8
0.4
34.4
$ 23.52
$809.09
96.1
0.2
107.7
0.1
34.4
$ 23.59
$811.50
96.2
0.1
108.2
0.5
34.4
$ 23.58
$811.15
96.3
0.1
108.3
0.1
HOURS AND EARNINGS

PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES
Total private
Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Index of aggregate weekly hours (2002=100)3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2002=100)4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
33.7
$ 19.57
$659.51
102.0
0.5
133.3
0.6
33.6
$ 19.75
$663.60
103.4
-0.1
136.4
-0.2
33.7
$ 19.80
$667.26
103.8
0.4
137.3
0.7
33.6
$ 19.79
$664.94
103.7
-0.1
137.1
-0.1
56.8
49.4
52.4
43.2
56.4
46.3
60.7
56.8
Category
DIFFUSION INDEX
(Over 1-month span)5
Total private (266 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing (81 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1 Includes other industries, not shown separately.

2 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing
industries.
3 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current months estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate hours.
4 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current months estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average
aggregate weekly payrolls.
5 Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance
between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.
p Preliminary
NOTE: Data in this table have been corrected. For more information see http://www.bls.gov/bls/ceswomen_usps_correction.htm.
Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates

Why are there two monthly measures of employment?
The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates of employment and
both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey employment series has a smaller margin of
error on the measurement of month-to-month change than the household survey because of its much larger
sample size. An over-the-month employment change of about 100,000 is statistically significant in the
establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically significant change in the household survey is
about 400,000. However, the household survey has a more expansive scope than the establishment survey
because it includes the self-employed, unpaid family workers, agricultural workers, and private household
workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey. The household survey also provides estimates of
employment for demographic groups. For more information on the differences between the two surveys,
please visit www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.pdf.
Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys?
It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However, neither the
establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal status of workers. Therefore, it is not
possible to determine how many are counted in either survey. The establishment survey does not collect data
on the legal status of workers. The household survey does include questions which identify the foreign and
native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the foreign born.
Why does the establishment survey have revisions?
The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by incorporating additional
information that was not available at the time of the initial publication of the estimates. The establishment
survey revises its initial monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 2 months, to incorporate
additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated seasonal adjustment factors. For
more information on the monthly revisions, please visit www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm.
On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that re-anchors estimates to
nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment insurance tax records. The benchmark
helps to control for sampling and modeling errors in the estimates. For more information on the annual
benchmark revision, please visit www.bls.gov/web/cesbmart.htm.
Does the establishment survey sample include small firms?
Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business establishments with fewer
than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is designed to maximize the reliability of the total
nonfarm employment estimate; firms from all size classes and industries are appropriately sampled to
achieve that goal.
Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses?
Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for the net employment
change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment comes from an econometric model that
forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of business births and deaths based on the actual past values of the net
impact that can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages. The
establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this purpose because the survey is not
immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a
new firm and its appearance on the sampling frame and availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses
to the survey twice a year.
Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment insurance
benefits?
No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households. All persons who are
without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are included among the unemployed. (People on
temporary layoff are included even if they do not actively seek work.) There is no requirement or question
relating to unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey.
Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who have stopped looking for work?
Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who want a job, including those
who have stopped looking because they believe no jobs are available (discouraged workers). In addition,
alternative measures of labor underutilization (some of which include discouraged workers and other groups
not officially counted as unemployed) are published each month in The Employment Situation news release.
How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates?
In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes the 12th of the month.
Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on average weekly hours than on employment.
Average weekly hours are estimated for paid time during the pay period, including pay for holidays, sick
leave, or other time off. The impact of severe weather on hours estimates typically, but not always, results in
a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some employees may be off work for part of the pay
period and not receive pay for the time missed, while some workers, such as those dealing with cleanup or
repair, may work extra hours.
In order for severe weather conditions to reduce the estimate of payroll employment, employees have to be
off work without pay for the entire pay period. About half of all employees in the payroll survey sample have
a 2-week, semi-monthly, or monthly pay period. Employees who receive pay for any part of the pay period,
even 1 hour, are counted in the payroll employment figures. It is not possible to quantify the effect of
extreme weather on estimates of over-the-month change in employment.
In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that includes the 12th of the
month. Persons who miss the entire weeks work for weather-related events are counted as employed
whether or not they are paid for the time off. The household survey collects data on the number of persons
who usually work full time but had reduced hours, or had a job but were not at work due to bad weather.
Current and historical data are available on the household surveys most requested statistics page at
http://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost?ln.
Technical Note
This news release presents statistics from two major
surveys, the Current Population Survey (CPS; household
survey) and the Current Employment Statistics survey
(CES; establishment survey). The household survey
provides information on the labor force, employment, and
unemployment that appears in the "A" tables, marked
HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about
60,000 eligible households conducted by the U.S. Census
Bureau for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).
The establishment survey provides information on
employment, hours, and earnings of employees on nonfarm payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables, marked
ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each
month from the payroll records of a sample of nonagricultural business establishments. Each month the CES program
surveys about 141,000 businesses and government
agencies, representing approximately 486,000 individual
worksites, in order to provide detailed industry data on
employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm
payrolls. The active sample includes approximately onethird of all nonfarm payroll employees.
For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a
particular week or pay period. In the household survey, the
reference period is generally the calendar week that
contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment
survey, the reference period is the pay period including the
12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the
calendar week.
unemployed persons. Those not classified as employed or

unemployed are not in the labor force. The unemployment
rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the labor
force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force
as a percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the employed as a percent of the population.
Additional information about the household survey can be
found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm.
Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys
Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological differences between
the household and establishment surveys result in important distinctions in the employment estimates derived from
the surveys. Among these are:
Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect

the entire civilian noninstitutional population. Based on
responses to a series of questions on work and job search
activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample
household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in
the labor force.
People are classified as employed if they did any work
at all as paid employees during the reference week; worked
in their own business, profession, or on their own farm; or
worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or
farm. People are also counted as employed if they were
temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, bad
weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal
reasons.
People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of
the following criteria: they had no employment during the
reference week; they were available for work at that time;
and they made specific efforts to find employment
sometime during the 4-week period ending with the
reference week. Persons laid off from a job and expecting
recall need not be looking for work to be counted as
unemployed. The unemployment data derived from the
household survey in no way depend upon the eligibility for
or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits.
The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and
Establishment survey. The sample establishments are

drawn from private nonfarm businesses such as factories,
offices, and stores, as well as from federal, state, and local
government entities. Employees on nonfarm payrolls are
those who received pay for any part of the reference pay
period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are
counted in each job they hold. Hours and earnings data are
produced for the private sector for all employees and for
production and nonsupervisory employees. Production and
nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and
related employees in manufacturing and mining and
logging, construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in private service-providing industries.
Industries are classified on the basis of an establishment's principal activity in accordance with the 2012
version of the North American Industry Classification
System. Additional information about the establishment
survey can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/#technical.
The household survey includes agricultural

workers, the self-employed, unpaid family
workers, and private household workers among the
employed. These groups are excluded from the
establishment survey.
The household survey includes people on unpaid

leave among the employed. The establishment
survey does not.
The household survey is limited to workers 16

years of age and older. The establishment survey is
not limited by age.
The household survey has no duplication of

individuals, because individuals are counted only
once, even if they hold more than one job. In the
establishment survey, employees working at more
than one job and thus appearing on more than one
payroll are counted separately for each appearance.
Seasonal adjustment
Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor
force and the levels of employment and unemployment
undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These events may
result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays,
and the opening and closing of schools. The effect of such
seasonal variation can be very large.
Because these seasonal events follow a more or less
regular pattern each year, their influence on the level of a
series can be tempered by adjusting for regular seasonal
variation.
These
adjustments
make
nonseasonal
developments, such as declines in employment or increases
in the participation of women in the labor force, easier to
spot. For example, in the household survey, the large
number of youth entering the labor force each June is likely
to obscure any other changes that have taken place relative
to May, making it difficult to determine if the level of
economic activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the
establishment survey, payroll employment in education
declines by about 20 percent at the end of the spring term
and later rises with the start of the fall term, obscuring the
underlying employment trends in the industry. Because
seasonal employment changes at the end and beginning of
the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be
adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more
discernable. The seasonally adjusted figures provide a more
useful tool with which to analyze changes in month-tomonth economic activity.
Many seasonally adjusted series are independently
adjusted in both the household and establishment surveys.
However, the adjusted series for many major estimates,
such as total payroll employment, employment in most
major sectors, total employment, and unemployment are
computed by aggregating independently adjusted
component series. For example, total unemployment is
derived by summing the adjusted series for four major agesex components; this differs from the unemployment
estimate that would be obtained by directly adjusting the
total or by combining the duration, reasons, or more
detailed age categories.
For both the household and establishment surveys, a
concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is used in
which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using
all relevant data, up to and including the data for the current
month. In the household survey, new seasonal factors are
used to adjust only the current month's data. In the
establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are
used each month to adjust the three most recent monthly
estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to
incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated
seasonal adjustment factors. In both surveys, 5-year
revisions to historical data are made once a year.
Reliability of the estimates
Statistics based on the household and establishment
surveys are subject to both sampling and nonsampling
error. When a sample rather than the entire population is
surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may

differ from the "true" population values they represent. The
exact difference, or sampling error, varies depending on the
particular sample selected, and this variability is measured
by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate
based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard
errors from the "true" population value because of sampling
error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90percent level of confidence.
For example, the confidence interval for the monthly
change in total nonfarm employment from the
establishment survey is on the order of plus or minus
100,000. Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment
increases by 50,000 from one month to the next. The 90percent confidence interval on the monthly change would
range from -50,000 to +150,000 (50,000 +/- 100,000).
These figures do not mean that the sample results are off by
these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent
chance that the "true" over-the-month change lies within
this interval. Since this range includes values of less than
zero, we could not say with confidence that nonfarm
employment had, in fact, increased that month. If, however,
the reported nonfarm employment rise was 250,000, then
all of the values within the 90-percent confidence interval
would be greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at least
a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in fact,
risen that month. At an unemployment rate of around 5.5
percent, the 90-percent confidence interval for the monthly
change in unemployment as measured by the household
survey is about +/- 280,000, and for the monthly change in
the unemployment rate it is about +/- 0.19 percentage point.
In general, estimates involving many individuals or
establishments have lower standard errors (relative to the
size of the estimate) than estimates which are based on a
small number of observations. The precision of estimates
also is improved when the data are cumulated over time,
such as for quarterly and annual averages.
The household and establishment surveys are also
affected by nonsampling error, which can occur for many
reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the
population, inability to obtain information for all
respondents in the sample, inability or unwillingness of
respondents to provide correct information on a timely
basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in
the collection or processing of the data.
For example, in the establishment survey, estimates
for the most recent 2 months are based on incomplete
returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled
preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive
revisions to a monthly estimate, when nearly all sample
reports have been received, that the estimate is considered
final.
Another major source of nonsampling error in the
establishment survey is the inability to capture, on a timely
basis, employment generated by new firms. To correct for
this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an
estimation procedure with two components is used to
account for business births. The first component excludes
employment losses from business deaths from samplebased estimation in order to offset the missing employment
gains from business births. This is incorporated into the
sample-based estimation procedure by simply not reflecting
sample units going out of business, but imputing to them
the same employment trend as the other firms in the
sample. This procedure accounts for most of the net
birth/death employment.
The second component is an ARIMA time series
model designed to estimate the residual net birth/death
employment not accounted for by the imputation. The
historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA
model was derived from the unemployment insurance
universe micro-level database, and reflects the actual
residual net of births and deaths over the past 5 years.
The sample-based estimates from the establishment
survey are adjusted once a year (on a lagged basis) to
universe counts of payroll employment obtained from

administrative records of the unemployment insurance
program. The difference between the March sample-based
employment estimates and the March universe counts is
known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough
proxy for total survey error. The new benchmarks also
incorporate changes in the classification of industries. Over
the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total
nonfarm employment have averaged 0.3 percent, with a
range from -0.7 to 0.6 percent.
Other information
Information in this release will be made available to
sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone:
(202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age
Seasonally adjusted1
Not seasonally adjusted

Employment status, sex, and age
Oct.
2011
Sept.
2012
Oct.
2012
Oct.
2011
June
2012
July
2012
Aug.
2012
Sept.
2012
Oct.
2012
TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Persons who currently want a job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
240,269
154,088
64.1
140,987
58.7
13,102
8.5
86,181
5,969
243,772
155,075
63.6
143,333
58.8
11,742
7.6
88,697
6,427
243,983
155,779
63.8
144,039
59.0
11,741
7.5
88,204
6,142
240,269
154,057
64.1
140,297
58.4
13,759
8.9
86,213
6,407
243,155
155,163
63.8
142,415
58.6
12,749
8.2
87,992
6,520
243,354
155,013
63.7
142,220
58.4
12,794
8.3
88,340
6,554
243,566
154,645
63.5
142,101
58.3
12,544
8.1
88,921
6,957
243,772
155,063
63.6
142,974
58.7
12,088
7.8
88,710
6,727
243,983
155,641
63.8
143,384
58.8
12,258
7.9
88,341
6,587
Men, 16 years and over

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
116,664
82,081
70.4
74,931
64.2
7,151
8.7
34,583
117,600
82,341
70.0
76,119
64.7
6,221
7.6
35,260
117,710
82,715
70.3
76,498
65.0
6,217
7.5
34,995
116,664
82,199
70.5
74,492
63.9
7,707
9.4
34,465
117,277
82,450
70.3
75,486
64.4
6,964
8.4
34,827
117,381
82,395
70.2
75,466
64.3
6,929
8.4
34,987
117,492
82,008
69.8
75,161
64.0
6,847
8.3
35,484
117,600
82,384
70.1
75,752
64.4
6,632
8.0
35,216
117,710
82,696
70.3
76,055
64.6
6,642
8.0
35,014

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
108,104
79,329
73.4
72,924
67.5
6,405
8.1
28,776
108,973
79,516
73.0
74,060
68.0
5,455
6.9
29,457
109,096
79,873
73.2
74,416
68.2
5,457
6.8
29,222
108,104
79,291
73.3
72,379
67.0
6,912
8.7
28,813
108,613
79,425
73.1
73,259
67.4
6,166
7.8
29,188
108,727
79,353
73.0
73,227
67.3
6,125
7.7
29,374
108,851
79,103
72.7
73,086
67.1
6,016
7.6
29,748
108,973
79,426
72.9
73,597
67.5
5,829
7.3
29,547
109,096
79,708
73.1
73,868
67.7
5,840
7.3
29,388
Women, 16 years and over

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
123,605
72,007
58.3
66,056
53.4
5,951
8.3
51,598
126,172
72,734
57.6
67,214
53.3
5,520
7.6
53,437
126,273
73,064
57.9
67,540
53.5
5,523
7.6
53,209
123,605
71,858
58.1
65,805
53.2
6,052
8.4
51,748
125,878
72,713
57.8
66,929
53.2
5,785
8.0
53,165
125,972
72,619
57.6
66,754
53.0
5,865
8.1
53,354
126,073
72,637
57.6
66,940
53.1
5,697
7.8
53,437
126,172
72,678
57.6
67,222
53.3
5,456
7.5
53,493
126,273
72,945
57.8
67,329
53.3
5,616
7.7
53,328

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
115,437
69,208
60.0
63,837
55.3
5,371
7.8
46,229
117,869
70,026
59.4
65,058
55.2
4,968
7.1
47,842
117,980
70,277
59.6
65,316
55.4
4,961
7.1
47,703
115,437
68,981
59.8
63,520
55.0
5,461
7.9
46,457
117,546
69,803
59.4
64,628
55.0
5,175
7.4
47,743
117,648
69,691
59.2
64,446
54.8
5,244
7.5
47,957
117,760
69,781
59.3
64,670
54.9
5,111
7.3
47,979
117,869
69,834
59.2
64,952
55.1
4,882
7.0
48,034
117,980
70,075
59.4
65,043
55.1
5,032
7.2
47,906
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16,728
5,552
33.2
4,226
25.3
1,326
23.9
11,176
16,931
5,533
32.7
4,215
24.9
1,318
23.8
11,398
16,907
5,629
33.3
4,306
25.5
1,322
23.5
11,278
16,728
5,785
34.6
4,398
26.3
1,386
24.0
10,943
16,997
5,936
34.9
4,528
26.6
1,408
23.7
11,061
16,979
5,970
35.2
4,546
26.8
1,424
23.8
11,009
16,955
5,761
34.0
4,344
25.6
1,417
24.6
11,194
16,931
5,802
34.3
4,425
26.1
1,378
23.7
11,129
16,907
5,859
34.7
4,473
26.5
1,386
23.7
11,048
1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age

Employment status, race, sex, and age
WHITE
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ASIAN
See footnotes at end of table.
Oct.
2011
Sept.
2012
Oct.
2012
Oct.
2011
June
2012
July
2012
Aug.
2012
Sept.
2012
Oct.
2012
193,493
124,870
64.5
115,421
59.7
9,449
7.6
68,623
193,503
123,922
64.0
115,547
59.7
8,374
6.8
69,581
193,633
124,085
64.1
115,885
59.8
8,200
6.6
69,548
193,493
124,804
64.5
114,837
59.3
9,967
8.0
68,689
193,120
123,783
64.1
114,674
59.4
9,109
7.4
69,337
193,245
123,589
64.0
114,409
59.2
9,180
7.4
69,656
193,376
123,265
63.7
114,340
59.1
8,925
7.2
70,111
193,503
123,662
63.9
114,992
59.4
8,670
7.0
69,841
193,633
123,838
64.0
115,209
59.5
8,629
7.0
69,795
65,315
73.9
60,608
68.5
4,707
7.2
64,710
73.6
60,718
69.0
3,992
6.2
64,923
73.7
60,980
69.3
3,943
6.1
65,318
73.9
60,195
68.1
5,123
7.8
64,527
73.6
60,001
68.4
4,526
7.0
64,467
73.4
60,027
68.4
4,440
6.9
64,246
73.1
59,890
68.1
4,356
6.8
64,544
73.4
60,274
68.5
4,270
6.6
64,759
73.6
60,499
68.7
4,261
6.6
54,952
59.6
51,217
55.5
3,735
6.8
54,797
59.0
51,333
55.2
3,464
6.3
54,685
58.8
51,352
55.2
3,333
6.1
54,685
59.3
50,880
55.1
3,805
7.0
54,506
58.8
50,918
54.9
3,588
6.6
54,385
58.6
50,662
54.6
3,723
6.8
54,411
58.6
50,892
54.8
3,519
6.5
54,531
58.7
51,105
55.0
3,426
6.3
54,431
58.5
51,022
54.9
3,409
6.3
4,604
36.0
3,596
28.1
1,008
21.9
4,414
35.0
3,496
27.7
918
20.8
4,477
35.5
3,553
28.2
924
20.6
4,801
37.6
3,761
29.4
1,040
21.7
4,750
37.5
3,755
29.7
995
20.9
4,737
37.4
3,720
29.4
1,017
21.5
4,609
36.5
3,558
28.2
1,051
22.8
4,588
36.4
3,613
28.6
975
21.2
4,648
36.9
3,689
29.3
959
20.6
29,228
18,047
61.7
15,471
52.9
2,576
14.3
11,181
29,991
18,245
60.8
15,796
52.7
2,449
13.4
11,746
30,027
18,767
62.5
16,172
53.9
2,595
13.8
11,261
29,228
18,067
61.8
15,351
52.5
2,716
15.0
11,161
29,885
18,541
62.0
15,872
53.1
2,668
14.4
11,345
29,918
18,383
61.4
15,798
52.8
2,585
14.1
11,534
29,954
18,379
61.4
15,797
52.7
2,583
14.1
11,575
29,991
18,345
61.2
15,881
53.0
2,464
13.4
11,645
30,027
18,732
62.4
16,049
53.4
2,684
14.3
11,295
8,182
68.5
6,960
58.3
1,221
14.9
8,152
66.6
7,050
57.6
1,103
13.5
8,318
67.8
7,222
58.9
1,096
13.2
8,180
68.5
6,867
57.5
1,313
16.0
8,324
68.4
7,146
58.7
1,178
14.2
8,270
67.8
7,042
57.7
1,227
14.8
8,228
67.3
7,049
57.7
1,180
14.3
8,202
67.0
7,035
57.5
1,167
14.2
8,301
67.7
7,128
58.1
1,173
14.1
9,254
62.9
8,116
55.2
1,138
12.3
9,412
62.2
8,325
55.0
1,087
11.5
9,710
64.1
8,503
56.1
1,206
12.4
9,262
63.0
8,093
55.0
1,169
12.6
9,482
63.0
8,281
55.0
1,202
12.7
9,344
62.0
8,268
54.8
1,076
11.5
9,455
62.6
8,316
55.1
1,139
12.0
9,382
62.0
8,364
55.3
1,018
10.9
9,675
63.9
8,471
55.9
1,204
12.4
611
23.7
394
15.3
216
35.4
681
26.0
421
16.1
259
38.1
739
28.2
446
17.1
293
39.6
625
24.3
390
15.2
234
37.5
735
27.8
446
16.8
289
39.3
770
29.2
488
18.5
282
36.6
696
26.4
432
16.4
264
37.9
761
29.0
482
18.4
279
36.7
756
28.9
450
17.2
307
40.5
11,614
12,885
12,939
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age Continued

Employment status, race, sex, and age
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Oct.
2011
7,462
64.3
6,916
59.6
546
7.3
4,151
Sept.
2012
8,204
63.7
7,810
60.6
394
4.8
4,681
Oct.
2012
8,149
63.0
7,753
59.9
396
4.9
4,790
Oct.
2011
June
2012
July
2012
Aug.
2012
Sept.
2012
Oct.
2012
- Data not available.
NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced
annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Oct.
2011
Sept.
2012
Oct.
2012
Oct.
2011
June
2012
July
2012
Aug.
2012
Sept.
2012
Oct.
2012
34,724
23,313
67.1
20,757
59.8
2,555
11.0
11,412
36,969
24,465
66.2
22,164
60.0
2,301
9.4
12,504
37,058
24,602
66.4
22,221
60.0
2,381
9.7
12,456
34,724
23,253
67.0
20,601
59.3
2,652
11.4
11,471
36,708
24,588
67.0
21,885
59.6
2,703
11.0
12,120
36,792
24,497
66.6
21,966
59.7
2,531
10.3
12,294
36,881
24,352
66.0
21,865
59.3
2,487
10.2
12,529
36,969
24,477
66.2
22,050
59.6
2,427
9.9
12,492
37,058
24,587
66.3
22,118
59.7
2,469
10.0
12,471
13,182
82.0
11,891
73.9
1,291
9.8
13,462
80.8
12,445
74.7
1,017
7.6
13,643
81.6
12,506
74.8
1,137
8.3
9,141
60.1
8,183
53.8
958
10.5
9,879
59.3
8,907
53.5
972
9.8
9,897
59.3
8,959
53.7
938
9.5
990
28.9
683
19.9
307
31.0
1,124
30.7
811
22.2
312
27.8
1,062
29.0
755
20.7
306
28.9
NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release
of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment
Educational attainment
Oct.
2011
Sept.
2012
Seasonally adjusted
Oct.
2012
Oct.
2011
June
2012
July
2012
Aug.
2012
Sept.
2012
Oct.
2012
Less than a high school diploma

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate................................... .
Employed................ . . . . . . . . . . ................. .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed........................................ .
Unemployment rate............................. .
11,570
46.6
10,105
40.7
1,465
12.7
11,337
45.6
10,155
40.9
1,182
10.4
11,128
45.3
9,865
40.2
1,263
11.3
11,760
47.4
10,141
40.8
1,619
13.8
11,384
45.0
9,952
39.3
1,431
12.6
11,472
46.3
10,012
40.4
1,460
12.7
11,179
45.4
9,833
39.9
1,346
12.0
11,199
45.1
9,932
40.0
1,267
11.3
11,263
45.9
9,886
40.2
1,377
12.2
High school graduates, no college1

Employed................ . . . . . . . . . . ................. .
Unemployed........................................ .
37,140
60.1
33,882
54.8
3,258
8.8
36,513
59.4
33,513
54.5
3,000
8.2
36,614
59.8
33,783
55.2
2,831
7.7
37,368
60.5
33,828
54.8
3,540
9.5
36,984
60.0
33,869
55.0
3,116
8.4
37,047
59.7
33,838
54.5
3,209
8.7
36,703
59.9
33,486
54.6
3,217
8.8
36,627
59.5
33,455
54.4
3,172
8.7
36,778
60.1
33,702
55.0
3,076
8.4
Some college or associate degree

Employed................ . . . . . . . . . . ................. .
Unemployed........................................ .
37,114
69.4
34,119
63.8
2,995
8.1
37,788
69.1
35,346
64.6
2,443
6.5
37,905
69.2
35,307
64.5
2,598
6.9
36,984
69.2
33,941
63.5
3,043
8.2
37,451
68.9
34,639
63.7
2,812
7.5
37,398
68.3
34,729
63.4
2,669
7.1
37,375
68.3
34,895
63.8
2,480
6.6
37,622
68.8
35,191
64.3
2,431
6.5
37,775
69.0
35,176
64.3
2,599
6.9
Bachelors degree and higher2

Employed................ . . . . . . . . . . ................. .
Unemployed........................................ .
47,346
76.4
45,348
73.1
1,998
4.2
48,576
76.0
46,633
73.0
1,943
4.0
49,006
75.8
47,242
73.1
1,764
3.6
47,006
75.8
44,960
72.5
2,046
4.4
47,923
76.0
45,949
72.9
1,973
4.1
47,697
75.8
45,732
72.7
1,965
4.1
48,404
75.5
46,400
72.4
2,004
4.1
48,469
75.9
46,503
72.8
1,966
4.1
48,676
75.3
46,849
72.5
1,827
3.8
1 Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.

2 Includes persons with bachelors, masters, professional, and doctoral degrees.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service,
and sex, not seasonally adjusted
Total
Employment status, veteran status, and period of service
Oct.
2011
Men
Oct.
2012
Oct.
2011
Women
Oct.
2012
Oct.
2011
Oct.
2012
VETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
21,496
11,209
52.1
10,350
48.1
859
7.7
10,287
21,072
10,948
52.0
10,258
48.7
689
6.3
10,124
19,692
10,082
51.2
9,308
47.3
774
7.7
9,610
19,254
9,850
51.2
9,266
48.1
585
5.9
9,404
1,804
1,128
62.5
1,042
57.8
85
7.6
676
1,818
1,097
60.4
993
54.6
105
9.5
721
Gulf War-era II veterans

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2,405
1,980
82.3
1,740
72.3
240
12.1
425
2,514
2,082
82.8
1,873
74.5
209
10.0
432
2,036
1,715
84.2
1,503
73.8
211
12.3
322
2,111
1,795
85.1
1,631
77.3
164
9.2
316
369
265
71.9
236
64.1
29
10.9
103
403
287
71.2
242
60.2
44
15.5
116
Gulf War-era I veterans

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2,941
2,489
84.6
2,343
79.7
146
5.9
453
3,058
2,566
83.9
2,433
79.6
133
5.2
492
2,469
2,127
86.2
2,004
81.2
124
5.8
342
2,570
2,212
86.1
2,109
82.1
103
4.7
358
472
361
76.5
339
71.8
22
6.2
111
488
354
72.4
324
66.4
30
8.3
135
World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10,279
3,329
32.4
3,088
30.0
241
7.2
6,951
9,744
3,010
30.9
2,850
29.3
160
5.3
6,734
9,955
3,239
32.5
3,005
30.2
234
7.2
6,716
9,428
2,939
31.2
2,790
29.6
149
5.1
6,488
324
90
27.8
83
25.6
7
7.9
234
316
70
22.2
60
19.0
10
246
Veterans of other service periods

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5,870
3,412
58.1
3,180
54.2
232
6.8
2,458
5,756
3,290
57.2
3,102
53.9
188
5.7
2,466
5,232
3,001
57.4
2,796
53.4
205
6.8
2,231
5,145
2,903
56.4
2,736
53.2
168
5.8
2,242
639
411
64.3
384
60.1
27
6.6
228
611
387
63.3
366
59.9
21
5.3
224
NONVETERANS, 18 years and over

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
209,934
140,986
67.2
129,190
61.5
11,796
8.4
68,949
213,964
142,934
66.8
132,321
61.8
10,613
7.4
71,030
92,437
71,148
77.0
64,997
70.3
6,151
8.6
21,289
93,852
71,930
76.6
66,549
70.9
5,382
7.5
21,922
117,497
69,838
59.4
64,193
54.6
5,645
8.1
47,659
120,112
71,004
59.1
65,773
54.8
5,231
7.4
49,108
NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S.
Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August
2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time
periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the selected wartime periods and
another period are classified only in the wartime period. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally
adjusted
Persons with a disability
Oct.
2011
Oct.
2012
Persons with no disability

Oct.
2011
Oct.
2012
TOTAL, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population...................................................... .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate..................................................................... .
Employed............................................................................. .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed.......................................................................... .
Unemployment rate............................................................... .
Not in labor force....................................................................... .
27,214
5,802
21.3
5,037
18.5
765
13.2
21,412
28,613
6,148
21.5
5,357
18.7
791
12.9
22,466
213,055
148,286
69.6
135,949
63.8
12,337
8.3
64,769
215,369
149,631
69.5
138,682
64.4
10,949
7.3
65,738
Men, 16 to 64 years
Employed............................................................................. .
Unemployed.......................................................................... .
2,649
34.9
2,262
29.8
387
14.6
4,938
2,739
35.8
2,349
30.7
390
14.2
4,904
75,325
82.4
68,806
75.2
6,519
8.7
16,114
75,564
82.7
69,977
76.6
5,587
7.4
15,824
Women, 16 to 64 years
Employed............................................................................. .
Unemployed.......................................................................... .
2,257
30.6
1,960
26.6
297
13.2
5,114
2,349
30.2
2,030
26.1
319
13.6
5,417
66,490
70.9
61,099
65.1
5,391
8.1
27,337
67,275
71.0
62,276
65.7
4,999
7.4
27,498
Both sexes, 65 years and over

Employed............................................................................. .
Unemployed.......................................................................... .
896
7.3
815
6.7
80
9.0
11,360
1,060
8.0
978
7.4
83
7.8
12,144
6,471
23.3
6,044
21.7
427
6.6
21,318
6,792
23.3
6,428
22.0
363
5.3
22,417
NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty seeing
even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition;
has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctors office or
shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted
Total
Employment status and nativity
Oct.
2011
Men
Oct.
2012
Oct.
2011
Women
Oct.
2012
Oct.
2011
Oct.
2012
Foreign born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .
37,001
24,849
67.2
22,648
61.2
2,201
8.9
12,152
38,288
25,268
66.0
23,388
61.1
1,880
7.4
13,020
18,378
14,532
79.1
13,303
72.4
1,230
8.5
3,845
18,494
14,430
78.0
13,473
72.8
958
6.6
4,064
18,624
10,317
55.4
9,345
50.2
971
9.4
8,307
19,794
10,838
54.8
9,915
50.1
923
8.5
8,956
Native born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .
203,268
129,239
63.6
118,338
58.2
10,901
8.4
74,029
205,695
130,511
63.4
120,651
58.7
9,860
7.6
75,184
98,287
67,549
68.7
61,628
62.7
5,921
8.8
30,738
99,216
68,285
68.8
63,026
63.5
5,260
7.7
30,931
104,981
61,690
58.8
56,711
54.0
4,980
8.1
43,291
106,479
62,226
58.4
57,625
54.1
4,601
7.4
44,253
NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States or
one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born in the
United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen. Updated
population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status
[In thousands]
Category
CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture and related industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wage and salary workers1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . . . .
Unpaid family workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonagricultural industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wage and salary workers1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private households........................... .
Other industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . . . .
Unpaid family workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME2
All industries
Part time for economic reasons3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Slack work or business conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Could only find part-time work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Part time for noneconomic reasons4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonagricultural industries
Part time for economic reasons3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Slack work or business conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Could only find part-time work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Part time for noneconomic reasons4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seasonally adjusted
Oct.
2011
Sept.
2012
Oct.
2012
Oct.
2011
June
2012
July
2012
Aug.
2012
Sept.
2012
Oct.
2012
2,246
1,339
873
34
138,740
130,189
20,682
109,507
771
108,736
8,501
50
2,233
1,447
755
31
141,101
132,078
20,725
111,353
811
110,541
8,947
76
2,222
1,446
758
18
141,817
132,967
20,745
112,222
707
111,514
8,775
76
2,257
1,317
864
138,167
129,531
20,516
108,977
108,177
8,553
2,206
1,399
786
140,205
131,308
19,938
111,433
110,671
8,787
2,235
1,401
791
139,929
131,043
20,015
110,974
110,251
8,824
2,151
1,391
739
139,920
131,101
20,432
110,726
109,965
8,720
2,209
1,413
763
140,769
131,734
20,619
111,024
110,218
8,838
2,214
1,415
755
141,286
132,383
20,524
111,771
111,057
8,795
8,258
5,518
2,488
18,941
8,110
5,309
2,589
18,970
7,870
4,976
2,634
19,460
8,790
5,839
2,538
18,401
8,210
5,446
2,514
18,829
8,246
5,342
2,576
18,866
8,031
5,217
2,507
18,996
8,613
5,523
2,572
18,736
8,344
5,219
2,614
18,923
8,151
5,444
2,472
18,543
8,003
5,238
2,566
18,605
7,768
4,910
2,613
19,058
8,664
5,762
2,566
18,003
8,075
5,355
2,493
18,438
8,111
5,282
2,559
18,543
7,901
5,140
2,508
18,656
8,482
5,455
2,597
18,405
8,225
5,161
2,634
18,559
1 Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated.

2 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for the
entire week.
3 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business conditions,
inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand.
4 Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or training,
retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during
the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of
the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-9. Selected employment indicators
Characteristic
Seasonally adjusted
Oct.
2011
Sept.
2012
Oct.
2012
Oct.
2011
June
2012
July
2012
Aug.
2012
Sept.
2012
Oct.
2012
AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
140,987
4,226
1,447
2,779
136,761
13,306
123,454
94,108
30,806
30,295
33,007
29,346
143,333
4,215
1,471
2,744
139,118
13,472
125,646
94,814
30,947
30,794
33,074
30,832
144,039
4,306
1,459
2,848
139,732
13,535
126,197
95,089
31,161
30,892
33,036
31,108
140,297
4,398
1,436
2,970
135,899
13,346
122,521
93,356
30,562
30,094
32,700
29,165
142,415
4,528
1,471
3,069
137,887
13,361
124,506
94,069
30,650
30,450
32,969
30,437
142,220
4,546
1,540
3,012
137,674
13,364
124,203
93,957
30,527
30,474
32,956
30,247
142,101
4,344
1,392
2,983
137,756
13,114
124,600
94,001
30,508
30,580
32,912
30,599
142,974
4,425
1,433
2,989
138,550
13,482
125,017
94,378
30,768
30,663
32,947
30,639
143,384
4,473
1,463
3,052
138,910
13,534
125,363
94,422
30,893
30,708
32,821
30,942
Men, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
74,931
2,007
626
1,381
72,924
7,017
65,907
50,406
16,884
16,360
17,162
15,501
76,119
2,059
665
1,394
74,060
6,975
67,085
50,669
16,748
16,656
17,264
16,416
76,498
2,082
684
1,398
74,416
7,081
67,335
50,817
16,937
16,661
17,219
16,518
74,492
2,113
662
1,449
72,379
7,081
65,331
49,901
16,668
16,240
16,992
15,430
75,486
2,227
654
1,598
73,259
6,849
66,420
50,357
16,633
16,401
17,323
16,064
75,466
2,238
666
1,577
73,227
6,921
66,285
50,256
16,555
16,488
17,214
16,029
75,161
2,074
605
1,511
73,086
6,760
66,368
50,147
16,487
16,512
17,148
16,221
75,752
2,155
646
1,510
73,597
6,963
66,625
50,360
16,579
16,560
17,221
16,265
76,055
2,187
719
1,474
73,868
7,082
66,822
50,383
16,702
16,559
17,122
16,439
Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
66,056
2,219
821
1,398
63,837
6,290
57,547
43,703
13,923
13,935
15,844
13,845
67,214
2,156
806
1,350
65,058
6,497
58,561
44,146
14,199
14,138
15,809
14,415
67,540
2,224
775
1,450
65,316
6,454
58,862
44,272
14,224
14,231
15,816
14,590
65,805
2,286
773
1,521
63,520
6,265
57,190
43,455
13,894
13,854
15,708
13,735
66,929
2,301
817
1,471
64,628
6,512
58,086
43,712
14,016
14,050
15,646
14,373
66,754
2,308
873
1,434
64,446
6,444
57,918
43,700
13,972
13,986
15,743
14,218
66,940
2,270
788
1,472
64,670
6,354
58,232
43,854
14,021
14,068
15,764
14,378
67,222
2,270
787
1,479
64,952
6,519
58,391
44,017
14,189
14,102
15,726
14,374
67,329
2,286
744
1,578
65,043
6,452
58,541
44,039
14,191
14,149
15,699
14,503
MARITAL STATUS
Married men, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Married women, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Women who maintain families. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
43,940
34,401
9,101
44,383
34,871
9,233
44,484
34,716
9,442
43,661
34,225
43,712
34,526
43,715
34,381
43,879
34,814
43,984
34,841
44,114
34,558
FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Part-time workers2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
113,456
27,530
115,678
27,655
116,045
27,993
112,841
27,463
114,573
27,894
114,345
27,925
114,388
27,757
115,226
27,731
115,459
27,875
MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS
Total multiple jobholders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Percent of total employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6,989
5.0
6,818
4.8
6,976
4.8
6,903
4.9
6,769
4.8
6,845
4.8
6,921
4.9
6,866
4.8
6,908
4.8
SELF-EMPLOYMENT
Self-employed workers, incorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5,030
9,374
5,263
9,702
5,383
9,532
9,417
9,572
9,616
9,458
9,602
9,550
1 Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week.
2 Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated
population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Characteristic
Number of
unemployed persons
(in thousands)
Unemployment rates
Oct.
2011
Sept.
2012
Oct.
2012
Oct.
2011
June
2012
July
2012
Aug.
2012
Sept.
2012
Oct.
2012
AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 17 years................................... .
18 to 19 years................................... .
20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years................................... .
25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
55 years and over............................ .
13,759
1,386
484
895
12,373
2,159
10,280
8,097
3,293
2,322
2,483
2,185
12,088
1,378
486
883
10,711
1,913
8,812
6,892
2,718
2,051
2,123
1,937
12,258
1,386
490
894
10,872
2,055
8,877
6,975
2,799
2,055
2,121
1,920
8.9
24.0
25.2
23.2
8.3
13.9
7.7
8.0
9.7
7.2
7.1
7.0
8.2
23.7
26.8
22.0
7.6
13.7
6.9
7.2
8.2
7.0
6.3
6.2
8.3
23.8
26.6
22.2
7.6
13.5
6.9
7.2
8.2
6.9
6.5
6.2
8.1
24.6
29.3
22.7
7.5
13.9
6.8
7.1
8.3
6.6
6.4
5.9
7.8
23.7
25.3
22.8
7.2
12.4
6.6
6.8
8.1
6.3
6.1
5.9
7.9
23.7
25.1
22.7
7.3
13.2
6.6
6.9
8.3
6.3
6.1
5.8
Men, 16 years and over.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 17 years................................... .
18 to 19 years................................... .
20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years................................... .
25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
55 years and over............................ .
7,707
795
250
548
6,912
1,212
5,769
4,564
1,881
1,307
1,376
1,205
6,632
803
278
520
5,829
1,104
4,755
3,648
1,443
1,084
1,121
1,107
6,642
802
284
529
5,840
1,147
4,765
3,701
1,499
1,056
1,146
1,064
9.4
27.3
27.4
27.4
8.7
14.6
8.1
8.4
10.1
7.4
7.5
7.2
8.4
26.4
31.0
23.7
7.8
15.4
7.0
7.0
7.8
7.0
6.3
6.7
8.4
26.4
30.0
24.5
7.7
15.2
6.8
7.0
7.8
6.6
6.4
6.5
8.3
28.6
36.5
25.5
7.6
15.2
6.8
7.0
8.3
6.4
6.5
6.1
8.0
27.2
30.1
25.6
7.3
13.7
6.7
6.8
8.0
6.1
6.1
6.4
8.0
26.8
28.3
26.4
7.3
13.9
6.7
6.8
8.2
6.0
6.3
6.1
Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 17 years................................... .
18 to 19 years................................... .
20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years................................... .
25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
55 years and over1 .......................... .
6,052
592
234
347
5,461
947
4,512
3,533
1,411
1,015
1,107
970
5,456
574
208
363
4,882
809
4,057
3,244
1,275
966
1,002
849
5,616
584
206
364
5,032
909
4,112
3,274
1,299
999
975
842
8.4
20.6
23.2
18.6
7.9
13.1
7.3
7.5
9.2
6.8
6.6
6.5
8.0
21.0
23.1
20.0
7.4
11.8
6.9
7.3
8.7
7.0
6.3
5.8
8.1
21.2
23.9
19.6
7.5
11.7
7.1
7.4
8.6
7.2
6.6
6.6
7.8
20.5
22.5
19.7
7.3
12.5
6.7
7.1
8.3
6.9
6.3
6.2
7.5
20.2
20.9
19.7
7.0
11.0
6.5
6.9
8.2
6.4
6.0
5.6
7.7
20.3
21.7
18.8
7.2
12.3
6.6
6.9
8.4
6.6
5.8
5.5
MARITAL STATUS
Married men, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Married women, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Women who maintain families1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2,678
2,068
1,275
2,166
1,830
1,181
2,150
1,857
1,231
5.8
5.7
12.3
4.9
5.4
11.8
5.0
5.7
11.7
4.9
5.2
12.3
4.7
5.0
11.3
4.6
5.1
11.5
FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Part-time workers3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11,880
1,882
10,429
1,699
10,432
1,841
9.5
6.4
8.7
6.3
8.7
6.5
8.6
6.0
8.3
5.8
8.3
6.2
1 Not seasonally adjusted.

2 Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs.
3 Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time
jobs.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of
the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment
Reason
Oct.
2011
Sept.
2012
Seasonally adjusted
Oct.
2012
Oct.
2011
June
2012
July
2012
Aug.
2012
Sept.
2012
Oct.
2012
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Job losers and persons who completed
temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
On temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not on temporary layoff........................... .
Permanent job losers........................... .
Persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . . .
Job leavers............................................ .
Reentrants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
New entrants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7,390
861
6,528
5,170
1,359
1,103
3,368
1,242
6,161
787
5,374
4,296
1,078
1,041
3,339
1,200
6,125
741
5,383
4,212
1,171
1,065
3,295
1,255
7,924
1,226
6,699
5,308
1,391
1,068
3,387
1,291
7,207
1,331
5,875
4,560
1,315
936
3,227
1,331
7,123
1,417
5,705
4,387
1,319
878
3,380
1,311
7,003
1,246
5,757
4,484
1,273
942
3,318
1,277
6,535
1,169
5,366
4,311
1,055
957
3,306
1,247
6,575
1,080
5,495
4,302
1,193
1,010
3,300
1,301
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
On temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not on temporary layoff........................... .
Job leavers............................................ .
Reentrants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
New entrants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
56.4
6.6
49.8
8.4
25.7
9.5
52.5
6.7
45.8
8.9
28.4
10.2
52.2
6.3
45.9
9.1
28.1
10.7
58.0
9.0
49.0
7.8
24.8
9.4
56.7
10.5
46.3
7.4
25.4
10.5
56.1
11.2
45.0
6.9
26.6
10.3
55.8
9.9
45.9
7.5
26.5
10.2
54.3
9.7
44.5
7.9
27.4
10.4
54.0
8.9
45.1
8.3
27.1
10.7
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE

CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Job leavers............................................ .
Reentrants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
New entrants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.8
0.7
2.2
0.8
4.0
0.7
2.2
0.8
3.9
0.7
2.1
0.8
5.1
0.7
2.2
0.8
4.6
0.6
2.1
0.9
4.6
0.6
2.2
0.8
4.5
0.6
2.1
0.8
4.2
0.6
2.1
0.8
4.2
0.6
2.1
0.8
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment
Duration
Oct.
2011
Sept.
2012
Oct.
2012
Seasonally adjusted
Oct.
2011
June
2012
July
2012
Aug.
2012
Sept.
2012
Oct.
2012
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Less than 5 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5 to 14 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15 weeks and over................................... .
15 to 26 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2,443
2,985
7,674
1,936
5,738
2,539
2,660
6,542
1,708
4,835
2,413
2,647
6,680
1,766
4,915
2,676
3,285
7,869
2,029
5,839
2,810
2,826
7,182
1,811
5,370
2,711
3,092
6,945
1,760
5,185
2,844
2,868
6,878
1,845
5,033
2,542
2,826
6,703
1,860
4,844
2,632
2,851
6,839
1,836
5,002
Average (mean) duration, in weeks1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Median duration, in weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
39.8
21.1
40.2
18.9
40.9
20.3
39.2
20.8
39.9
19.8
38.8
16.7
39.2
18.0
39.8
18.5
40.2
19.6
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Less than 5 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5 to 14 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15 weeks and over................................... .
15 to 26 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18.6
22.8
58.6
14.8
43.8
21.6
22.7
55.7
14.5
41.2
20.6
22.5
56.9
15.0
41.9
19.4
23.8
56.9
14.7
42.2
21.9
22.0
56.0
14.1
41.9
21.3
24.3
54.5
13.8
40.7
22.6
22.8
54.6
14.7
40.0
21.1
23.4
55.5
15.4
40.1
21.4
23.1
55.5
14.9
40.6
1 Beginning in January 2011, this series reflects a change to the collection of data on unemployment duration. For more information, see
www.bls.gov/cps/duration.htm.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted
Employed
Occupation
Total, 16 years and over1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Management, professional, and related occupations. . . . . . . . . . . .
Management, business, and financial operations
occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and related occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Service occupations................................................. .
Sales and office occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sales and related occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Office and administrative support occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance
occupations........................................................ .
Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction and extraction occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations............ .
Production, transportation, and material moving
occupations........................................................ .
Production occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and material moving occupations............. .
Unemployed
Unemployment
rates
Oct.
2011
Oct.
2012
Oct.
2011
Oct.
2012
Oct.
2011
Oct.
2012
140,987
52,864
144,039
55,223
13,102
2,410
11,741
2,170
8.5
4.4
7.5
3.8
21,700
31,164
25,108
32,932
15,323
17,609
22,998
32,225
25,341
33,139
15,662
17,477
1,068
1,342
2,772
3,023
1,368
1,655
848
1,323
2,529
2,555
1,187
1,368
4.7
4.1
9.9
8.4
8.2
8.6
3.6
3.9
9.1
7.2
7.0
7.3
13,121
1,028
7,125
4,969
13,206
1,004
7,195
5,008
1,746
174
1,184
388
1,489
122
1,034
332
11.7
14.5
14.2
7.2
10.1
10.9
12.6
6.2
16,963
8,474
8,489
17,130
8,723
8,407
1,857
897
961
1,693
830
863
9.9
9.6
10.2
9.0
8.7
9.3
1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted
Industry and class of worker
Total, 16 years and over1 ............................................................... .

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction.................................... .
Construction.......................................................................... .
Manufacturing........................................................................ .
Durable goods..................................................................... .
Wholesale and retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial activities... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............ .
Professional and business services............................................... .
Education and health services..................................................... .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers......................... .
Government workers................................................................... .
Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Number of
unemployed
persons
(in thousands)
Unemployment
rates
Oct.
2011
Oct.
2012
Oct.
2011
Oct.
2012
13,102
10,126
69
1,129
1,200
759
441
1,764
462
195
524
1,495
1,221
1,448
618
198
924
612
11,741
8,892
61
930
1,102
672
430
1,457
376
215
442
1,252
1,244
1,352
460
146
907
540
8.5
8.5
7.8
13.7
7.7
8.0
7.3
8.6
7.8
6.6
5.8
10.1
5.6
10.8
9.6
13.4
4.3
6.1
7.5
7.3
6.1
11.4
7.0
6.8
7.4
7.1
6.6
7.7
4.9
8.1
5.5
9.9
6.7
9.5
4.2
5.3
1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization
[Percent]
Measure
U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as

a percent of the civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
U-2 Job losers and persons who completed
temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian
labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the
civilian labor force (official unemployment
rate). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers,
as a percent of the civilian labor force plus
discouraged workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers,
plus all other persons marginally attached to
the labor force, as a percent of the civilian
labor force plus all persons marginally attached
to the labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons
marginally attached to the labor force, plus
total employed part time for economic reasons,
as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all
persons marginally attached to the labor
force................................................. .
Seasonally adjusted
Oct.
2011
Sept.
2012
Oct.
2012
Oct.
2011
June
2012
July
2012
Aug.
2012
Sept.
2012
Oct.
2012
5.0
4.2
4.3
5.1
4.6
4.5
4.4
4.3
4.4
4.8
4.0
3.9
5.1
4.6
4.6
4.5
4.2
4.2
8.5
7.6
7.5
8.9
8.2
8.3
8.1
7.8
7.9
9.1
8.0
8.0
9.5
8.7
8.8
8.6
8.3
8.4
10.0
9.0
9.0
10.4
9.7
9.7
9.6
9.3
9.3
15.3
14.2
13.9
16.0
14.9
15.0
14.7
14.7
14.6
NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are
available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a
job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for
full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted
Total
Category
Oct.
2011
Men
Oct.
2012
Oct.
2011
Women
Oct.
2012
Oct.
2011
Oct.
2012
NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE

Total not in the labor force............................................ .
Persons who currently want a job. . . . ............................. .
Marginally attached to the labor force1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Discouraged workers2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other persons marginally attached to the labor force3 . . . .
86,181
5,969
2,555
967
1,588
88,204
6,142
2,433
813
1,620
34,583
2,818
1,358
575
783
34,995
2,666
1,144
460
684
51,598
3,151
1,196
392
805
53,209
3,476
1,289
353
936
MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS
Total multiple jobholders4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Percent of total employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Primary job full time, secondary job part time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Primary and secondary jobs both part time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Primary and secondary jobs both full time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hours vary on primary or secondary job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6,989
5.0
3,631
1,851
222
1,251
6,976
4.8
3,633
1,899
253
1,150
3,415
4.6
1,993
588
156
659
3,427
4.5
2,027
603
159
613
3,574
5.4
1,638
1,263
65
592
3,550
5.3
1,607
1,296
95
537
1 Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week,
but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks.
2 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling
or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination.
3 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation
problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined.
4 Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail
[In thousands]
Industry
Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seasonally adjusted
Oct.
2011
Aug.
2012
Sept.
2012p
Oct.
2012p
Oct.
2011
Aug.
2012
Sept.
2012p
Oct.
2012p
132,870
110,479
18,414
133,234
112,368
18,742
133,881
112,038
18,653
134,792
112,399
18,625
131,806
109,781
18,106
133,436
111,432
18,322
133,584
111,560
18,309
133,755
111,744
18,330
Change
from:
Sept.2012
Oct.2012p
171
184
21
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Oil and gas extraction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining, except oil and gas1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Coal mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Support activities for mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
822
49.0
773.2
182.2
225.4
87.1
365.6
857
52.1
804.5
198.4
224.0
82.2
382.1
848
52.6
795.7
195.9
222.1
81.2
377.7
836
51.9
784.0
194.6
219.4
80.0
370.0
810
47.0
762.9
182.6
220.6
87.4
359.7
835
49.5
785.7
195.5
215.7
81.9
374.5
834
49.8
783.7
195.4
215.9
81.2
372.4
825
49.7
774.8
195.1
214.7
80.4
365.0
-9
-0.1
-8.9
-0.3
-1.2
-0.8
-7.4
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction of buildings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Residential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonresidential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Heavy and civil engineering construction. . . . . . .
Specialty trade contractors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Residential specialty trade contractors. . . . . . .
Nonresidential specialty trade contractors. . . .
5,753
1,268.0
584.6
683.4
896.8
3,588.2
1,510.1
2,078.1
5,813
1,267.8
589.1
678.7
912.2
3,633.2
1,541.1
2,092.1
5,770
1,258.6
582.6
676.0
911.5
3,600.2
1,527.8
2,072.4
5,770
1,262.1
577.2
684.9
903.7
3,603.7
1,529.7
2,074.0
5,519
1,230.4
567.1
663.3
832.3
3,456.4
1,453.9
2,002.5
5,520
1,218.4
562.9
655.5
843.0
3,458.6
1,465.8
1,992.8
5,522
1,220.9
562.3
658.6
841.5
3,459.7
1,466.3
1,993.4
5,539
1,223.5
560.3
663.2
839.0
3,476.5
1,473.0
2,003.5
17
2.6
-2.0
4.6
-2.5
16.8
6.7
10.1
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11,839
12,072
12,035
12,019
11,777
11,967
11,953
11,966
13
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wood products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonmetallic mineral products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Primary metals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fabricated metal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Machinery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Computer and electronic products1 . . . . . . . . . .
Computer and peripheral equipment. . . . . . .
Communications equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Semiconductors and electronic
components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electronic instruments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electrical equipment and appliances. . . . . . . . .
Transportation equipment1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Motor vehicles and parts2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Furniture and related products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Miscellaneous manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7,346
333.9
372.5
398.3
1,359.9
1,072.8
1,110.1
160.8
113.3
7,530
334.8
369.6
409.6
1,416.5
1,108.2
1,110.3
167.8
108.4
7,496
333.4
367.2
406.4
1,412.2
1,101.1
1,098.6
164.2
108.1
7,493
333.5
368.0
406.4
1,410.7
1,102.4
1,100.8
164.4
107.0
7,317
332.0
364.1
397.7
1,349.6
1,070.4
1,111.0
160.7
113.2
7,486
327.6
359.5
408.3
1,406.9
1,105.2
1,105.9
167.1
108.3
7,471
329.1
359.1
405.0
1,406.4
1,103.9
1,100.0
164.7
107.8
7,476
331.8
360.5
406.0
1,405.2
1,102.8
1,101.6
164.6
107.0
5
2.7
1.4
1.0
-1.2
-1.1
1.6
-0.1
-0.8
387.7
402.9
368.0
1,404.1
731.8
352.3
574.3
387.7
401.6
373.2
1,468.8
779.3
355.9
582.7
384.5
397.6
372.8
1,471.2
779.6
352.0
580.6
386.8
398.3
371.5
1,470.0
774.9
349.9
579.3
388.2
403.6
367.8
1,400.8
728.8
351.0
572.4
386.2
399.7
372.0
1,468.9
779.8
350.7
580.5
385.0
398.2
372.0
1,467.5
776.3
349.1
579.3
387.0
398.9
371.9
1,468.9
774.2
349.0
578.3
2.0
0.7
-0.1
1.4
-2.1
-0.1
-1.0
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Food manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Beverages and tobacco products. . . . . . . . . . . .
Textile mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Textile product mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leather and allied products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Paper and paper products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Printing and related support activities. . . . . . . .
Petroleum and coal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Chemicals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Plastics and rubber products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4,493
1,478.5
195.9
119.5
115.4
152.7
30.2
391.8
465.2
116.6
791.3
636.3
4,542
1,507.1
206.1
119.1
114.3
146.3
29.3
391.1
456.2
116.1
801.1
655.0
4,539
1,506.3
208.0
119.9
113.3
148.3
29.4
390.4
451.7
116.6
801.3
653.4
4,526
1,499.7
206.3
118.1
113.9
147.6
29.0
388.1
452.6
118.2
801.1
651.6
4,460
1,456.2
191.2
119.4
114.8
152.5
29.7
391.4
463.5
113.3
793.2
634.7
4,481
1,467.9
199.7
118.8
113.4
146.3
29.1
389.6
454.5
113.8
798.7
649.0
4,482
1,469.9
200.2
119.2
113.1
146.8
29.1
389.1
450.1
114.2
801.1
648.8
4,490
1,473.6
201.7
118.4
113.5
146.9
28.7
388.2
451.0
114.8
802.7
650.4
8
3.7
1.5
-0.8
0.4
0.1
-0.4
-0.9
0.9
0.6
1.6
1.6
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
92,065
93,626
93,385
93,774
91,675
93,110
93,251
93,414
163
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25,174
25,368
25,354
25,515
25,102
25,370
25,402
25,447
45
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electronic markets and agents and brokers.. .
5,565.2
2,768.0
1,955.1
842.1
5,667.2
2,812.0
1,987.5
867.7
5,641.3
2,799.2
1,978.0
864.1
5,665.4
2,800.3
1,996.9
868.2
5,547.2
2,761.3
1,946.5
839.4
5,646.1
2,799.8
1,980.6
865.7
5,643.1
2,797.1
1,980.8
865.2
5,649.6
2,794.3
1,988.8
866.5
6.5
-2.8
8.0
1.3
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Motor vehicle and parts dealers1 . . . . . . . . . . . .
Automobile dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
14,699.8
1,708.7
1,069.6
14,771.0
1,735.7
1,093.5
14,710.3
1,736.1
1,095.7
14,840.4
1,739.1
1,098.6
14,690.9
1,701.4
1,066.1
14,768.3
1,719.9
1,087.2
14,795.6
1,724.5
1,091.0
14,832.0
1,731.8
1,095.3
36.4
7.3
4.3
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Continued
[In thousands]
Seasonally adjusted
Oct.
2011
Aug.
2012
Sept.
2012p
Oct.
2012p
Oct.
2011
Aug.
2012
Sept.
2012p
Oct.
2012p
Change
from:
Sept.2012
Oct.2012p
Furniture and home furnishings stores. . . . . . .

Electronics and appliance stores. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Building material and garden supply stores.. .
Food and beverage stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health and personal care stores. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Gasoline stations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Clothing and clothing accessories stores. . . . .
Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music
stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General merchandise stores1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Department stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Miscellaneous store retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonstore retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
453.4
517.9
1,122.0
2,845.3
984.0
830.7
1,366.0
448.0
491.1
1,159.9
2,899.1
1,000.9
843.8
1,388.8
447.0
488.2
1,139.1
2,883.0
999.8
837.0
1,376.9
464.4
496.3
1,132.6
2,891.7
1,007.5
832.8
1,402.5
447.0
516.6
1,137.9
2,841.1
985.8
828.6
1,364.3
453.9
498.1
1,148.4
2,883.1
1,002.3
830.4
1,384.2
453.3
495.9
1,152.7
2,886.3
1,004.4
830.9
1,394.7
456.8
495.9
1,153.7
2,888.9
1,008.7
831.2
1,397.8
3.5
0.0
1.0
2.6
4.3
0.3
3.1
569.1
3,078.2
1,536.8
776.8
447.7
573.3
3,014.0
1,478.7
785.4
431.0
572.6
3,001.9
1,466.4
795.2
433.5
573.1
3,044.3
1,484.0
809.1
447.0
571.6
3,091.9
1,550.9
769.4
435.3
570.1
3,053.4
1,510.7
786.3
438.2
568.6
3,055.8
1,507.1
792.4
436.1
572.5
3,061.4
1,505.1
797.9
435.4
3.9
5.6
-2.0
5.5
-0.7
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Air transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rail transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Water transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Truck transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transit and ground passenger
transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pipeline transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Scenic and sightseeing transportation. . . . . . . .
Support activities for transportation. . . . . . . . . . .
Couriers and messengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Warehousing and storage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4,352.1
455.9
232.2
63.7
1,326.9
4,362.2
460.7
233.7
69.5
1,377.6
4,437.5
455.4
230.5
68.4
1,371.5
4,443.5
451.1
230.0
68.4
1,372.4
4,306.8
456.1
231.5
63.1
1,307.1
4,390.6
456.5
231.3
67.1
1,350.9
4,397.8
453.9
230.4
67.2
1,350.7
4,400.0
452.0
229.8
67.8
1,354.3
2.2
-1.9
-0.6
0.6
3.6
452.4
43.1
30.7
573.1
519.4
654.7
376.2
44.1
38.9
582.6
516.8
662.1
457.7
44.3
36.4
584.8
521.0
667.5
466.5
44.2
30.8
587.8
515.9
676.4
435.7
43.0
29.6
569.8
523.3
647.6
440.8
44.1
30.2
582.9
525.5
661.3
444.9
44.3
31.0
585.5
525.9
664.0
447.1
44.2
30.1
585.3
521.4
668.0
2.2
-0.1
-0.9
-0.2
-4.5
4.0
Industry
Retail trade - Continued
Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
556.7
567.2
564.6
565.2
556.7
565.4
565.8
565.7
-0.1
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Publishing industries, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . .
Motion picture and sound recording
industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Broadcasting, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Telecommunications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Data processing, hosting and related
services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other information services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2,643
749.4
2,647
742.0
2,615
739.6
2,621
740.3
2,646
748.6
2,634
739.7
2,625
739.6
2,626
738.9
1
-0.7
352.9
281.9
852.4
386.4
277.9
827.4
361.9
280.1
823.5
361.9
279.4
828.5
356.5
280.3
853.1
374.4
278.6
829.5
368.2
279.0
827.6
368.4
278.4
829.0
0.2
-0.6
1.4
242.0
164.7
242.4
171.0
239.3
170.1
239.9
170.6
242.4
165.3
242.7
169.3
240.3
170.5
240.3
170.5
0.0
0.0
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Monetary authorities - central bank. . . . . . . . . . .
Credit intermediation and related
activities1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Depository credit intermediation1 . . . . . . . . . .
Commercial banking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Securities, commodity contracts,
investments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Insurance carriers and related activities. . . . . .
Funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles. . .
Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Real estate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rental and leasing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets. . . . .
7,686
5,745.2
19.3
7,796
5,800.7
19.4
7,761
5,787.2
19.2
7,766
5,800.8
19.4
7,680
5,744.1
19.4
7,745
5,791.6
19.2
7,759
5,798.2
19.2
7,763
5,801.8
19.3
4
3.6
0.1
2,553.2
1,736.8
1,313.6
2,598.9
1,750.7
1,319.4
2,598.9
1,744.5
1,314.4
2,603.4
1,748.2
1,317.5
2,552.2
1,738.2
1,314.7
2,596.6
1,746.8
1,316.1
2,604.3
1,750.6
1,319.3
2,606.6
1,752.1
1,320.3
2.3
1.5
1.0
807.7
2,280.7
84.3
1,941.0
1,409.4
507.3
24.3
807.0
2,290.4
85.0
1,995.7
1,441.5
530.9
23.3
799.9
2,285.2
84.0
1,973.3
1,427.5
522.6
23.2
803.0
2,290.5
84.5
1,964.9
1,423.5
518.3
23.1
807.1
2,281.5
83.9
1,935.9
1,404.4
507.2
24.3
804.0
2,287.1
84.7
1,953.8
1,415.5
514.9
23.4
801.7
2,288.6
84.4
1,960.4
1,420.6
516.6
23.2
801.9
2,289.6
84.4
1,961.0
1,420.2
517.7
23.1
0.2
1.0
0.0
0.6
-0.4
1.1
-0.1
17,658
7,741.4
1,115.8
870.3
1,308.5
18,071
7,931.4
1,120.3
876.6
1,343.7
18,035
7,901.5
1,114.5
874.4
1,335.8
18,171
7,958.9
1,121.9
877.5
1,337.2
17,482
7,772.1
1,115.0
940.4
1,299.3
17,948
7,970.2
1,119.7
953.0
1,325.1
17,956
7,981.3
1,121.0
952.6
1,328.0
18,007
7,996.8
1,121.6
952.9
1,329.5
51
15.5
0.6
0.3
1.5
1,555.8
1,617.1
1,613.6
1,630.9
1,548.5
1,612.6
1,616.9
1,623.5
6.6
1,100.9
1,153.0
1,147.5
1,161.0
1,091.6
1,148.2
1,147.4
1,151.9
4.5
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Professional and technical services1 . . . . . . . . . . .
Legal services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accounting and bookkeeping services. . . . . . .
Architectural and engineering services. . . . . . .
Computer systems design and related
services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Management and technical consulting
services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Continued
[In thousands]
Seasonally adjusted
Oct.
2011
Aug.
2012
Sept.
2012p
Oct.
2012p
Oct.
2011
Aug.
2012
Sept.
2012p
Oct.
2012p
Change
from:
Sept.2012
Oct.2012p
Management of companies and enterprises. . . .

Administrative and waste services. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Administrative and support services1 . . . . . . . .
Employment services1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Business support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Services to buildings and dwellings. . . . . . . .
Waste management and remediation
services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1,926.1
7,990.7
7,618.6
3,121.8
2,476.8
820.8
1,833.7
1,959.2
8,180.6
7,801.7
3,255.1
2,571.4
814.6
1,871.8
1,955.1
8,178.6
7,804.1
3,271.0
2,597.1
821.0
1,852.0
1,956.1
8,256.4
7,883.1
3,328.0
2,653.9
843.2
1,851.0
1,926.8
7,782.9
7,413.5
2,985.5
2,357.9
811.3
1,787.4
1,952.3
8,025.2
7,653.9
3,204.2
2,538.5
826.7
1,777.8
1,954.4
8,019.8
7,648.9
3,187.9
2,526.7
828.0
1,787.2
1,956.8
8,053.2
7,682.4
3,203.7
2,540.3
833.3
1,800.5
2.4
33.4
33.5
15.8
13.6
5.3
13.3
372.1
378.9
374.5
373.3
369.4
371.3
370.9
370.8
-0.1
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health care3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ambulatory health care services1 . . . . . . . . .
Offices of physicians. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Outpatient care centers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Home health care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hospitals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nursing and residential care facilities1 . . . .
Nursing care facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Social assistance1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Child day care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20,201
3,409.7
16,791.7
14,173.1
6,231.1
2,388.1
633.1
1,158.2
4,759.0
3,183.0
1,670.9
2,618.6
852.7
20,031
3,025.5
17,005.8
14,410.4
6,367.5
2,433.2
665.8
1,196.6
4,830.5
3,212.4
1,664.6
2,595.4
796.5
20,331
3,281.3
17,049.9
14,417.0
6,387.0
2,435.3
668.8
1,210.7
4,830.1
3,199.9
1,660.5
2,632.9
842.9
20,611
3,477.0
17,134.0
14,474.2
6,434.0
2,457.9
674.2
1,220.8
4,839.4
3,200.8
1,659.4
2,659.8
854.6
20,026
3,261.1
16,764.6
14,158.2
6,217.3
2,382.1
632.1
1,156.1
4,757.6
3,183.3
1,671.8
2,606.4
842.8
20,365
3,335.1
17,029.7
14,386.8
6,363.6
2,433.2
666.5
1,198.8
4,825.0
3,198.2
1,659.0
2,642.9
842.4
20,415
3,345.2
17,069.9
14,424.0
6,389.6
2,439.2
671.6
1,207.7
4,832.8
3,201.6
1,660.0
2,645.9
842.0
20,440
3,337.6
17,102.4
14,454.5
6,414.5
2,450.4
673.3
1,215.6
4,839.0
3,201.0
1,659.5
2,647.9
842.4
25
-7.6
32.5
30.5
24.9
11.2
1.7
7.9
6.2
-0.6
-0.5
2.0
0.4
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Performing arts and spectator sports. . . . . . . . .
Museums, historical sites, and similar
institutions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Amusements, gambling, and recreation. . . . . .
Accommodation and food services. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accommodation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Food services and drinking places. . . . . . . . . . .
13,357
1,871.1
399.2
14,294
2,191.2
434.6
13,906
1,991.6
423.8
13,692
1,895.8
411.8
13,394
1,909.9
395.1
13,670
1,928.5
405.4
13,706
1,929.2
407.7
13,734
1,934.5
408.0
28
5.3
0.3
133.4
1,338.5
11,486.3
1,800.2
9,686.1
145.3
1,611.3
12,103.0
1,954.9
10,148.1
136.7
1,431.1
11,913.9
1,852.0
10,061.9
135.6
1,348.4
11,796.5
1,795.9
10,000.6
133.2
1,381.6
11,484.4
1,811.8
9,672.6
134.3
1,388.8
11,741.0
1,811.7
9,929.3
134.7
1,386.8
11,776.5
1,807.0
9,969.5
135.5
1,391.0
11,799.3
1,806.9
9,992.4
0.8
4.2
22.8
-0.1
22.9
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Repair and maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Personal and laundry services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Membership associations and organizations. . . .
5,346
1,165.3
1,286.3
2,894.1
5,419
1,166.6
1,308.5
2,943.7
5,383
1,168.6
1,302.2
2,912.2
5,398
1,168.8
1,304.6
2,924.4
5,345
1,164.4
1,289.7
2,891.1
5,378
1,161.9
1,300.6
2,915.7
5,388
1,163.8
1,301.8
2,922.7
5,397
1,166.5
1,306.9
2,923.4
9
2.7
5.1
0.7
Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Federal, except U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . .
Local government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Local government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Local government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . .
22,391
2,846.0
2,217.2
628.7
5,215.0
2,549.7
2,665.3
14,330.0
8,113.3
6,217.1
20,866
2,821.0
2,212.5
608.8
4,789.0
2,128.4
2,660.8
13,256.0
6,826.1
6,429.8
21,843
2,813.0
2,211.0
601.8
5,107.0
2,466.0
2,641.2
13,923.0
7,677.8
6,244.8
22,393
2,807.0
2,195.6
611.7
5,242.0
2,615.8
2,625.9
14,344.0
8,133.7
6,210.6
22,025
2,844.0
2,219.9
623.7
5,063.0
2,390.1
2,673.3
14,118.0
7,866.0
6,252.3
22,004
2,808.0
2,197.7
610.2
5,065.0
2,421.3
2,643.2
14,131.0
7,876.8
6,253.7
22,024
2,810.0
2,202.7
607.5
5,092.0
2,451.5
2,640.6
14,122.0
7,876.9
6,245.2
22,011
2,804.0
2,196.6
607.4
5,085.0
2,448.9
2,635.9
14,122.0
7,874.0
6,248.0
-13
-6.0
-6.1
-0.1
-7.0
-2.6
-4.7
0.0
-2.9
2.8
Industry
Professional and business services - Continued
1 Includes other industries, not shown separately.

2 Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts.
3 Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities.
p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry
sector, seasonally adjusted
Oct.
2011
Aug.
2012
Sept.
2012p
Oct.
2012p
AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private............................................................................. .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ................................................. .
Nondurable goods.............................................................. .
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade...................................................................... .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Utilities........................................................................... .
Information......................................................................... .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services..................................................................... .
34.4
40.1
45.4
38.1
40.6
41.0
40.0
33.3
34.6
38.8
31.7
38.3
42.2
36.7
37.5
35.8
32.8
26.0
31.7
34.4
40.1
43.5
38.6
40.5
40.7
40.1
33.3
34.5
38.6
31.5
38.2
41.7
36.4
37.2
36.0
32.9
26.0
31.5
34.4
40.2
43.5
38.8
40.6
40.9
40.1
33.3
34.5
38.6
31.5
38.3
41.8
36.5
37.4
36.0
32.9
26.0
31.5
34.4
40.1
43.4
38.8
40.5
40.8
40.0
33.2
34.4
38.5
31.4
38.5
41.5
36.2
37.3
35.8
32.9
25.9
31.5
AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing........................................................................... .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods................................................................... .
3.2
3.2
3.2
3.2
3.2
3.3
3.2
3.2
3.3
3.2
3.2
3.3
Industry
p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry
sector, seasonally adjusted
Average hourly earnings
Average weekly earnings
Industry
Oct.
2011
Aug.
2012
Sept.
2012p
Oct.
2012p
Total private................................................ .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade......................................... .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Utilities.............. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ................. .
Information............................................ .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services........................................ .
$23.22
24.56
28.23
25.47
23.87
25.43
21.26
22.91
20.16
26.43
15.96
21.87
33.95
31.39
28.21
27.98
23.82
13.29
20.61
$23.52
24.73
28.78
25.75
23.97
25.38
21.59
23.23
20.54
26.86
16.36
22.00
34.23
31.46
29.23
28.06
24.18
13.39
20.78
$23.59
24.83
28.99
25.87
24.05
25.45
21.68
23.30
20.57
26.93
16.39
21.95
34.53
31.74
29.34
28.16
24.24
13.38
20.86
$23.58
24.76
28.81
25.86
23.97
25.32
21.68
23.30
20.61
27.02
16.43
21.97
34.22
31.69
29.33
28.10
24.28
13.35
20.88
p Preliminary
Oct.
2011
Aug.
2012
Sept.
2012p
Oct.
2012p
$ 798.77 $ 809.09 $ 811.50 $ 811.15

984.86
991.67
998.17
992.88
1,281.64 1,251.93 1,261.07 1,250.35
970.41
993.95 1,003.76 1,003.37
969.12
970.79
976.43
970.79
1,042.63 1,032.97 1,040.91 1,033.06
850.40
865.76
869.37
867.20
762.90
773.56
775.89
773.56
697.54
708.63
709.67
708.98
1,025.48 1,036.80 1,039.50 1,040.27
505.93
515.34
516.29
515.90
837.62
840.40
840.69
845.85
1,432.69 1,427.39 1,443.35 1,420.13
1,152.01 1,145.14 1,158.51 1,147.18
1,057.88 1,087.36 1,097.32 1,094.01
1,001.68 1,010.16 1,013.76 1,005.98
781.30
795.52
797.50
798.81
345.54
348.14
347.88
345.77
653.34
654.57
657.09
657.72
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by
industry sector, seasonally adjusted
[2007=100]
Index of aggregate weekly hours1
Index of aggregate weekly payrolls2
Industry
Oct.
2011
Aug.
2012
Sept.
2012p
Oct.
2012p
Percent
change
from:
Sept.
2012 Oct.
2012p
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction................................. .
Manufacturing............................... .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade.......................... .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . .
Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services...... .
Education and health services. . . . ........ .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
94.6
82.7
115.6
72.5
86.0
84.5
89.0
98.0
94.5
93.9
94.6
94.4
101.6
88.7
94.9
98.4
106.9
99.4
93.9
96.1
83.7
114.1
73.4
87.2
85.8
89.7
99.6
95.2
95.1
94.5
96.0
102.0
87.6
94.9
101.6
109.1
101.4
93.9
96.2
83.9
114.0
73.9
87.3
86.0
89.7
99.7
95.3
95.0
94.7
96.4
102.3
87.5
95.6
101.7
109.3
101.7
94.0
96.3
83.7
112.5
74.1
87.2
85.9
89.6
99.6
95.2
94.9
94.6
97.0
101.6
86.8
95.4
101.4
109.5
101.5
94.2
0.1
-0.2
-1.3
0.3
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
0.6
-0.7
-0.8
-0.2
-0.3
0.2
-0.2
0.2
Oct.
2011
Aug.
2012
Sept.
2012p
Oct.
2012p
Percent
change
from:
Sept.
2012 Oct.
2012p
104.8
91.8
131.0
80.2
95.5
95.4
96.1
108.8
102.5
103.6
99.8
104.8
114.0
99.1
104.5
111.6
119.3
106.5
109.8
107.7
93.6
131.9
82.2
97.2
96.7
98.3
112.1
105.2
106.6
102.2
107.2
115.4
98.1
108.3
115.5
123.6
109.6
110.7
108.2
94.1
132.7
83.0
97.6
97.2
98.7
112.6
105.5
106.8
102.6
107.4
116.7
98.9
109.5
116.0
124.2
109.8
111.3
108.3
93.7
130.1
83.2
97.2
96.6
98.6
112.4
105.6
107.0
102.8
108.1
114.8
98.0
109.2
115.4
124.5
109.3
111.6
0.1
-0.4
-2.0
0.2
-0.4
-0.6
-0.1
-0.2
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.7
-1.6
-0.9
-0.3
-0.5
0.2
-0.5
0.3
1 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current months estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007 annual
average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.
2 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current months estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding
2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly
hours, and employment.
p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Women employees (in thousands)
Percent of all employees
Industry
Oct.
2011
Aug.
2012
Sept.
2012p
Oct.
2012p
Oct.
2011
Aug.
2012
Sept.
2012p
Oct.
2012p
Total nonfarm.............. . . . . . . . . . . . ..................... .

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing..................................... .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing...................................... .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial activities................................. .
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality............................ .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
65,170
52,570
4,050
107
708
3,235
1,711
1,524
48,520
10,021
1,670.6
7,213.4
1,001.8
135.0
1,073
4,463
7,777
15,372
6,996
2,818
12,600
65,812
53,275
4,095
114
716
3,265
1,729
1,536
49,180
10,083
1,703.2
7,221.0
1,018.3
140.3
1,059
4,488
7,946
15,632
7,133
2,839
12,537
65,886
53,340
4,092
113
717
3,262
1,727
1,535
49,248
10,081
1,692.5
7,229.0
1,018.8
140.8
1,054
4,502
7,955
15,671
7,140
2,845
12,546
65,977
53,419
4,094
113
716
3,265
1,728
1,537
49,325
10,105
1,694.4
7,250.8
1,018.0
141.6
1,057
4,504
7,954
15,694
7,158
2,853
12,558
49.4
47.9
22.4
13.2
12.8
27.5
23.4
34.2
52.9
39.9
30.1
49.1
23.3
24.3
40.6
58.1
44.5
76.8
52.2
52.7
57.2
49.3
47.8
22.4
13.7
13.0
27.3
23.1
34.3
52.8
39.7
30.2
48.9
23.2
24.8
40.2
57.9
44.3
76.8
52.2
52.8
57.0
49.3
47.8
22.3
13.5
13.0
27.3
23.1
34.2
52.8
39.7
30.0
48.9
23.2
24.9
40.2
58.0
44.3
76.8
52.1
52.8
57.0
49.3
47.8
22.3
13.7
12.9
27.3
23.1
34.2
52.8
39.7
30.0
48.9
23.1
25.0
40.3
58.0
44.2
76.8
52.1
52.9
57.1
p Preliminary
NOTE: Data in this table have been corrected. For more information see http://www.bls.gov/bls/ceswomen_usps_correction.htm.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry
sector, seasonally adjusted1
[In thousands]
Industry
Oct.
2011
Aug.
2012
Sept.
2012p
Oct.
2012p
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing........ . . . . . . . . . . ..................................................... .
Mining and logging.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction.......................................................................... .
Manufacturing........................................................................ .
Durable goods..................................................................... .
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade, transportation, and utilities................................................. .
Wholesale trade................................................................... .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and warehousing................................................ .
Utilities.............................................................................. .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial activities.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............ .
Professional and business services............................................... .
Education and health services..................................................... .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
90,546
13,050
613
4,169
8,268
5,021
3,247
77,496
21,285
4,443.4
12,686.2
3,712.1
443.2
2,122
5,890
14,382
17,534
11,805
4,478
92,066
13,180
626
4,132
8,422
5,159
3,263
78,886
21,536
4,548.5
12,735.9
3,800.5
451.2
2,132
5,964
14,850
17,858
12,052
4,494
92,191
13,166
627
4,135
8,404
5,146
3,258
79,025
21,565
4,547.5
12,757.4
3,808.3
451.7
2,126
5,973
14,878
17,890
12,094
4,499
92,358
13,188
620
4,151
8,417
5,152
3,265
79,170
21,618
4,555.0
12,792.0
3,819.1
451.6
2,126
5,976
14,920
17,904
12,121
4,505
1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees
in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private
nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1
Oct.
2011
Aug.
2012
Sept.
2012p
Oct.
2012p
AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private............................................................................. .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ................................................. .
Nondurable goods.............................................................. .
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade...................................................................... .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Utilities........................................................................... .
Information......................................................................... .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services..................................................................... .
33.7
40.9
47.5
38.8
41.5
41.9
40.9
32.5
33.8
38.7
30.7
37.8
41.9
36.3
36.6
35.3
32.4
24.8
30.9
33.6
40.9
45.9
39.0
41.5
41.8
41.0
32.4
33.7
38.5
30.5
37.8
41.0
35.8
36.7
35.2
32.3
24.9
30.5
33.7
41.0
46.0
39.2
41.5
41.9
41.0
32.5
33.7
38.7
30.4
37.9
41.1
35.8
36.8
35.3
32.3
24.9
30.6
33.6
41.1
45.5
39.4
41.5
41.9
41.0
32.3
33.6
38.6
30.2
38.1
40.7
35.6
36.8
35.0
32.2
24.9
30.5
AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing........................................................................... .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods................................................................... .
4.1
4.2
4.0
4.1
4.1
4.1
4.2
4.2
4.1
4.1
4.1
4.1
Industry
p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private
nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1
Average hourly earnings
Average weekly earnings
Industry
Oct.
2011
Aug.
2012
Sept.
2012p
Oct.
2012p
Total private................................................ .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade......................................... .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Utilities.............. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ................. .
Information............................................ .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services........................................ .
$19.57
20.75
24.85
23.72
19.00
20.20
17.10
19.32
17.26
22.07
13.62
19.67
30.96
26.83
21.99
23.15
20.99
11.50
17.41
$19.75
20.94
25.83
23.97
19.14
20.24
17.36
19.50
17.40
22.17
13.80
19.49
31.61
26.98
22.76
23.27
21.06
11.63
17.52
$19.80
20.94
25.77
23.99
19.12
20.21
17.37
19.56
17.45
22.23
13.84
19.47
31.82
27.17
22.85
23.37
21.11
11.62
17.55
$19.79
20.99
26.12
24.04
19.15
20.18
17.48
19.54
17.46
22.24
13.86
19.46
31.72
27.06
22.91
23.27
21.11
11.62
17.58
Oct.
2011
Aug.
2012
Sept.
2012p
Oct.
2012p
$ 659.51 $ 663.60 $ 667.26 $ 664.94

848.68
856.45
858.54
862.69
1,180.38 1,185.60 1,185.42 1,188.46
920.34
934.83
940.41
947.18
788.50
794.31
793.48
794.73
846.38
846.03
846.80
845.54
699.39
711.76
712.17
716.68
627.90
631.80
635.70
631.14
583.39
586.38
588.07
586.66
854.11
853.55
860.30
858.46
418.13
420.90
420.74
418.57
743.53
736.72
737.91
741.43
1,297.22 1,296.01 1,307.80 1,291.00
973.93
965.88
972.69
963.34
804.83
835.29
840.88
843.09
817.20
819.10
824.96
814.45
680.08
680.24
681.85
679.74
285.20
289.59
289.34
289.34
537.97
534.36
537.03
536.19
p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on
private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1
[2002=100]
Index of aggregate weekly hours2
Index of aggregate weekly payrolls3
Industry
Oct.
2011
Aug.
2012
Sept.
2012p
Oct.
2012p
Percent
change
from:
Sept.
2012 Oct.
2012p
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction................................. .
Manufacturing............................... .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade.......................... .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . .
Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services...... .
Education and health services. . . . ........ .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
102.0
81.6
154.7
81.0
78.8
79.1
78.2
107.7
100.3
101.3
98.6
105.6
95.0
87.9
103.2
113.8
122.6
107.2
97.0
103.4
82.4
152.7
80.7
80.2
81.0
78.8
109.3
101.2
103.1
98.3
108.1
94.6
87.1
104.7
117.1
124.4
109.9
96.1
103.8
82.5
153.3
81.2
80.1
81.0
78.7
109.8
101.3
103.6
98.2
108.6
94.9
86.9
105.2
117.7
124.7
110.3
96.5
103.7
82.8
149.9
81.9
80.2
81.1
78.9
109.3
101.3
103.5
97.8
109.5
94.0
86.4
105.2
117.0
124.4
110.6
96.4
-0.1
0.4
-2.2
0.9
0.1
0.1
0.3
-0.5
0.0
-0.1
-0.4
0.8
-0.9
-0.6
0.0
-0.6
-0.2
0.3
-0.1
Oct.
2011
Aug.
2012
Sept.
2012p
Oct.
2012p
Percent
change
from:
Sept.
2012 Oct.
2012p
133.3
103.6
223.6
103.7
97.9
99.7
94.5
142.7
123.5
131.7
115.1
131.8
122.7
116.8
140.3
156.7
169.1
140.1
123.1
136.4
105.6
229.4
104.4
100.4
102.4
96.7
146.1
125.6
134.7
116.3
133.7
124.8
116.4
147.4
162.2
172.3
145.2
122.7
137.3
105.8
229.7
105.1
100.1
102.2
96.6
147.3
126.1
135.7
116.4
134.2
126.1
116.8
148.6
163.7
173.0
145.6
123.5
137.1
106.5
227.7
106.3
100.4
102.2
97.4
146.5
126.1
135.7
116.2
135.2
124.5
115.7
149.1
162.1
172.6
145.9
123.4
-0.1
0.7
-0.9
1.1
0.3
0.0
0.8
-0.5
0.0
0.0
-0.2
0.7
-1.3
-0.9
0.3
-1.0
-0.2
0.2
-0.1
2 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current months estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual
average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.
3 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current months estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding
2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly
hours, and employment.
p Preliminary

T He Employment Situation - o Ctober 2012

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USDL-12-2164

Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until

(202) 691-5902 PressOffice@bls.gov

THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION OCTOBER 2012

Chart 2. Nonfarm payroll employment over-the-month

Oct-10 Jan-11 A pr-11

Oct-11 Jan-12 A pr-12

Household Survey Data

The Employment Situation for November is scheduled to be released on Friday,

Total, 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Reason for unemployment

Employed persons at work part time

Persons not in the labor force (not seasonally adjusted)

EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY

WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES

HOURS AND EARNINGS

HOURS AND EARNINGS

1 Includes other industries, not shown separately.

Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates

unemployed persons. Those not classified as employed or

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys

Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect

Establishment survey. The sample establishments are

The household survey includes agricultural

The household survey includes people on unpaid

The household survey is limited to workers 16

The household survey has no duplication of

surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may

universe counts of payroll employment obtained from

Not seasonally adjusted

Men, 16 years and over

Men, 20 years and over

Women, 16 years and over

Women, 20 years and over

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Not seasonally adjusted

See footnotes at end of table.

Not seasonally adjusted

Not seasonally adjusted

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Less than a high school diploma

High school graduates, no college1

Some college or associate degree

Bachelors degree and higher2

1 Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.

VETERANS, 18 years and over

Gulf War-era II veterans

Gulf War-era I veterans

World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans

Veterans of other service periods

NONVETERANS, 18 years and over

Persons with no disability

TOTAL, 16 years and over

Both sexes, 65 years and over

Foreign born, 16 years and over

Native born, 16 years and over

1 Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated.

AGE AND SEX

Men, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

AGE AND SEX