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ANNA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, COIMBATORE B.E. I B.TECH. DEGREE EXAMINATIONS: APRIL I MAY 2011 REGULATIONS: 2007 FIFTH SEMESTER - CSE

070230033 - THEORY OF COMPUTATION

Time: 3 Hours PART - A Max. Marks: 100

(20 x 2 = 40 Marks)
ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS 1. Prove or disprove: a) All primes are odd. b) There is no pair of integers a and b such that a mod b = b mod a 2. Compare Non deterministic finite automata with that of Deterministic finite automata NDFA: more state transition for single input 3. 4. 5. State the Induction Principle and give an example Design a DFA for L(M) = {a b I n0} .
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Construct a regular expression whose language consists of a's and 1 's with no two consecutive a's in it. Assume that empty string is also not generated

."

6.

Find an equality for the following regular expression and prove the same. a(a + b)* + aa(a + b)* + aaa(a + b)* = a(a + b)*

7.

Does minimization possible for the following finite automata? If not, justify with reasons. (Note: indicates start state and * indicates final state) States qo q1 * q2 * q3 x q1 q2 q2 y q1 q3 q3 q3

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8 State the languages (describe in words) denoted by the following regular expressions a) b) 9. 10 11. 12. (00 + 11+ (0+1)(00+11)*(0+1))* ((0+1 )(0+1 )+(0+1 )(0+1 )(1 +0))*

Define parse tree. Give an example. What language is generated from CFG with productions S aSbS I bSaS Define Deterministic Push down automata. Construct a CFG for the language that consists of balanced parenthesis. Assume any two symbols of parenthesis.

13. 14. 15. 16 17.

State the rule to convert CFG to Chomsky Normal form and Greibach normal form. State the properties that are closed under context free languages. Design a Turing machine to recognize the language L List the four assumptions of Turing computability. Define recursive language.

= (x+y)*y.

18.State the rules governing, when there is a reduction from P, to P2. 19.What are tractable and intractable problems?
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20. What is polynomial -space Turing machine? PART - B (5 x 12 = 60 Marks) ANSWER ANY FIVE QUESTIONS

21.

Explain the finite automata with output. Differentiate between the two automata with output with an example for each.

22.

Design a NFA to recognize the regular expression (0+1)(0+1)*(0+1) using Thomson construction algorithm and convert to an equivalent minimized DFA. Trace for a string w

= 0001.
2

23.a) State whether L = {a b l n O} is regular. complement.

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b) Prove that the regular languages are closed under Union, Intersection and 6

24. Define Pushdown automata (PDA) and design a PDA that accepts any string from {O, 1}* with an odd number of O's. Trace for a string of acceptance and rejection with Justification.

25.

a) What is ambiguous grammar? Show that the CFG G1 with productions S aSaSbS I aSbSaS I bSaSaS I and CFG G2 with productions S aSaSbS I aSbSaS I bSaSaS

I generates the same language Construct parse

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trees and state the grammar that is ambiguous.

b) Consider the following CFG G with productions stated and Convert to the two normal form: S AB A aAA I e B bBB I e 6

26.

Is the language L(G) = {abc I n O} accepted by the Turing machine? If so , construct the Turing machine for the same and trace for a two strings, one for acceptance and another for rejection.

27.

What are undecidable problems? Why Post correspondence problem is considered to be undecidable problems? Illustrate with an example.

28.a) Is P= NP an undecidable problem? b)Distinguish P, NP, NP - hard and NP- complete problems c)Explain any two applications of NP- complete problems

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