CARL Testing Outline of Surface Cleaning Investigation

30 Test Panels 5 X 8 30 Steel

Grease & Oil Applied to Each Panel: per standardized method using Pennzoil 705 white grease and Mystic JT-8 SAE 10W/40 heavy duty motor oil 3 Cleaning Processes Utilized to Clean the Pre-Soiled Panels: Top half of panels received light wipe with cotton/pulp fiber towel; bottom half received cleaning by one of following: 1) Alkaline Wipe (2.3% solution at room temperature) 2) Solvent Wipe (xylene at room temperature) 3) Podell Cleaning System (2000 psi power spray at 160F) 5 Different Paint Types Applied 1) Water-Based Epoxy 2) VOC-Based Enamel 3) VOC-Based Epoxy (Two Part Chemistry) 4) VOC-Based Urethane (Two Part Chemistry) 5) Epoxy Powder Coating Adhesion Test Performed On All Panels per ASTM-3359 Higher grade of adhesion for various coatings would indicate that a particular cleaning type offers better cleaning characteristics compared to others

Podell CPR/CARL Test Sample Preparation and Sample Description

Top Half of Coupon Lightly Dirty Lightly Dirty rag wipe rag wipe Lightly Dirty rag wipe

Number Bottom Half of Coupon Solvent Wipe Alkaline Wipe G. Podell Clean Of Samples Steel Oil & Grease Contaminate Water Based Epoxy Single Component Steel Oil & Grease Contaminant Enamel Steel Oil & Grease Contaminant Solvent Based Epoxy Two Component Steel Oil & Grease Contaminant Urethane Two Component Steel Oil & Grease Contaminant Powder Coating

6 30

Contaminated (soiled) metal panels according to ASTM process (dwell time 24 hrs.)

Cleaned, metal panels racked for drying (dwell time 24 hrs.) prior to application of paint

Paint application to each metal panel. The paint was applied to the lightly cleaned top half and to the more aggressively cleaned bottom half. Paint applied via metered draw bar. Set of two panels per each paint system, one received 3 wet mils and the other received 6 wet mils.

Draw Bar

Staging of painted metal panels (drying dwell time 7 days) prior to adhesion testing

Array of painted metal panels after performing the ASTM-3359 adhesion test

Angled cutting edges makes the cross-hatch marks on the painted paint. A special adhesion testing tape is used to test paints adhesion to the panel

Adhesion Quality Scoring 5 B - Best Quality

2 to 3 B - low Quality 0 to 1 B Very Poor Quality

Test Generated Data

PC # 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 TC GPHPP GPHPP GPHPP GPHPP GPHPP GPHPP GPHPP GPHPP GPHPP GPHPP GPHPP GPHPP GPHPP GPHPP GPHPP GPHPP GPHPP GPHPP GPHPP GPHPP Rating MT S S S S S S S S S S G G G G G G G G G G 1st CTD TTV TTV SW-VE 5 B 5B SW-VE 5 B 5B SW-WE 5 B 5B SW-WE 5 B 5B V-VE 5B 5B V-VE 5B 5B U 5B 5B U 5B 4B PC 5B 5B PC 5B 5B SW-VE 0 B 1B SW-VE 4 B 4B SW-WE 5 B 3B SW-WE 4 B 3B V-VE 5B 5B V-VE 5B 5B U 0B 0B U 0B 0B PC 5B 5B PC 5B 5B 2nd Ttl Wtd Sc. PC # 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 TC AWRT AWRT AWRT AWRT AWRT AWRT AWRT AWRT AWRT AWRT AWRT AWRT AWRT AWRT AWRT AWRT AWRT AWRT AWRT AWRT Rating MT S S S S S S S S S S G G G G G G G G G G 1st CTD TTV TTV SW-VE 0 B 0B SW-VE 0 B 0B SW-WE 0 B 0B SW-WE 0 B 0B V-VE 0B 0B V-VE 0B 0B U 0B 0B U 0B 0B PC 3B 2B PC 5B 5B SW-VE 1 B 1B SW-VE 2 B 1B SW-WE 0 B 0B SW-WE 0 B 0B V-VE 2B 0B V-VE 2B 2B U 0B 0B U 0B 0B PC 5B 5B PC 2B 4B 2nd Ttl Wtd Sc. PC # 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 TC XW XW XW XW XW XW XW XW XW XW XW XW XW XW XW XW XW XW XW XW Rating MT S S S S S S S S S S G G G G G G G G G G 1st CTD TTV TTV SW-VE 3 B 3B SW-VE 3 B 3B SW-WE 0 B 0B SW-WE 0 B 0B V-VE 5B 5B V-VE 5B 5B U 0B 0B U 0B 0B PC 5B 5B PC 5B 5B SW-VE 4 B 4B SW-VE 4 B 4B SW-WE 0 B 0B SW-WE 1 B 4B V-VE 5B 5B V-VE 5B 5B U 0B 0B U 1B 2B PC 5B 5B PC 5B 5B 2nd Ttl Wtd Sc.

5B 4B 3B 2B 1B 0B Totals
TC MT CTD TTV GPHPP AWRT XW S G SW-VE SW-WE V-VE U PC

15 2 0 0 0 3 20

13 2 2 0 1 2 20

28 4 2 0 1 5 40

140 16 6 0 1 0 163

5B 4B 3B 2B 1B 0B Totals

2 0 1 4 1 12 20

2 2 1 0 2 13 20

4 2 2 4 3 25 40

20 8 6 8 3 0 45

5B 4B 3B 2B 1B 0B Totals

8 2 2 0 2 6 20

8 3 2 1 0 6 20

16 5 4 1 2 12 40

80 20 12 2 2 0 116

Type of Cleaning Metal Type Coating-Type Designation Tape Test Value per ASTM-3359 G. Podell Hi Pressure Phosphate Alkaline Wipe - Room Temperature Xylene Wipe - Room Temperature Steel Galvanil Sherwin-Williams VOC Enamel Sherwin-Williams Water/Epoxy Valspar VOC/Epoxy Urethane Powder Coat

Galvanized Steel is excluded from this summary because little adhesion was demonstrated on it. Powder Coat was least effective with RT-Alkaline wipe, as was every thing else; Rag-Wipe excepted. Order of cleaner effectiveness:
GPHPP XW AWRT

163 116 45

Total Adhesion Values Summed T. G. Podell CPR System Xylene Wipe Alkaline Wipe

163 116 45

Executive Summary of Test Results

Steel: Podell CPR cleaning provided very good adhesion values for all of the coating types. Alkaline wipe cleaning provided poor adhesion values for all coating types with the exception of the powder coating which appeared to adhere well to the steel substrate. Xylene wipe cleaning provided good adhesion values for the VOC epoxy and the Powder Coating types. However, the other coating types did not adhere well to the xylene wiped steel substrate