Professional Documents
Culture Documents
السياسة الخارجية الأميركية: ضرورة الإنكفاء؟
السياسة الخارجية الأميركية: ضرورة الإنكفاء؟
( )
:
.
.
- -
144
- 4 2102
.
11.
11
.2001 -
" :
" -
. :
:
" "
Understanding . Explaining
( ) ( ) .
" " -
.
145
- 4 2102
:
" " ( )
( )
. " "
.
.
" "
" " .2
. :
"
".
" " ""
.
4
.
-2 , , , , 1111 ,11 .
-3 , ,23 .
: Kenneth N. Waltz, The Emerging Structure of International Politics, International Security, -
146
- 4 2102
" "
5
: " "
.
.
-
.
" "
.
" "
6.
.
.
" "
.
5 , .
2005
.2005
6
- William Wohlforth, The Stability of a Unipolar World, International Security, Vol.24, No.1, Summer
1999, pp. 26-29
147
- 4 2102
: :
.
.
.
" " 1999-1994 " :
"
2009 "
" . 2009 "
"
:
"
".8
- Christopher Layne, The Waning of U.S. HegemonyMyth or Reality, International Security, Vol. 34,
No. 1,Summer 2009, pp.150-151
8
, , , ,2002 ,741 .
148
- 4 2102
11
( - ) .
( )
.
.
( )
( ).
"
" -
. " "
" "
.
-
.
" "
149
- 4 2102
:
. .
.
9.
2008 - " :
2025 .
.
" "
. -
2009
.
-
.
150
- 4 2102
: :
1987 " :
.
.
10
".
. "
" .
.
"
".11
" " .
.
-
. " "
" ".
"
" . " "
%70 2009 2001 700
- Robert Gilpin, The Political Economy of International Relations (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University
10
151
- 4 2102
12
.%25 "
"
" "
.
13
" "
.
"
" .
.
2011 "
" .14
. ""
" " .
" :
" . " "
-
.
12
-the Washington-based Center for Arms Control and Non-Proliferation (Laicie Olson, U.S. vs. Global
Defense Spending, 21 May 2010.
13
- Fareed Zakaria, The Post-American World (New York: W.W. Norton, 2008.
14
- Richard N. Haass, Bringing Our Foreign Policy Home, Time Magazine, August 8, 2011. Available at:
http://www.cfr.org/us-strategy-and-politics/bringing-our-foreign-policy-home/p25514
152
- 4 2102
""
15
" "
"
" . -
.
. -
.
:
-
.
.
"
" .16
17
1- Ted Galen Carpenter, Washington's Foreign-Policy Hypochondria, National Interest, July 25, 2011.
16
17
153
- 4 2102
.
18
.
"
.
19
".
" .
" .
:
350
600
350 1.3 .
:
-18 , ,22- 11 .
19
, , .7177\1\71 , :http://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/hill8/Arabic
154
- 4 2102
: -1
.
-2
20
" ".
-3
.
"
".
-4
.
.
21
- Fareed Zakaria, Why defense spending should be cut, Washington Post, 4 August 2011. Available at:
20
http://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/why-defense-spending-should-becut/2011/08/03/gIQAsRuqsI_story.html
- Daniel Serwer, Spending Cuts that Threaten Our Influence Abroad, The Middle East Institute, August
21
155
- 4 2102
-5
-
.
-6
.
22
-7 " "
23
. " ".
-8
"".
-9
24
- :
Roy K. Flint, The Truman-MacArthur Conflict, in Richard H. Kohn, ed., The United States - :
22
Military under the Constitution of the United States, 17891989 (New York: New York University Press,
1991), pp. 246251.
- See Richard K. Betts, Suicide from Fear of Death? Foreign Affairs, Vol. 82, No. 1 (January/ February
23
24
156
- 4 2102
-1 . "
25
".
.
-2
. " "
26
-3
27
" ".
28
-4
"
".
-5
. "
.
25
- Robert Gilpin, War and Change in World Politics (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1983),
26
p.197
Dale C. Copeland, The Origins of Major War (Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 2000), - :
27
28
http://www.aei.org/article/103940
157
- 4 2102
29
".
-6 "
.
" .
.
.
30
:
.
.1870 " ":
% 83-61 . - . 4 .18
.
0.8 5 ( ).
-Samuel P. Huntington, Why International Primacy Matters, International Security, Spring 1993, p.38.
-30 " : , ,/ .2011
158
29
- 4 2102
5 %2.14 .8.38%
( ) .
.
.
""
.
31
31
- Paul K. MacDonald and Joseph M. Parent, Graceful Decline? The Surprising Success of Great Power
Retrenchment, International Security, Vol. 35, No. 4 (Spring 2011), pp. 16-28
159
- 4 2102
. " "
.
.
.
- -
.
.
.
.
32
- .
32
, , : , , 71 ,7174 .7177
160
- 4 2102
.33
"
".
.
-
.
. .
.
.
. " :
33
- Randall Schweller, Xiaoyu Pu, After Unipolarity: China's Visions of International Order in an Era of
U.S. Decline, International Security, volume 36, issue 1, Summer 2011, pp.41-72
161
- 4 2102
. " "
.
.
.
162