Do An Luoi Dien

n mn hc Li in
Trng i hc Bch Khoa H Ni
MC LC
Li ni u.- 3 -
CHNG 1 :
Phn tch ngun v ph ti.....- 4 1.1. phn tch c im ca ngun ......................................................................- 4 1.2. Phn tch c im ca tI ..............................................................................- 4 -
Chng 2 :
Cn bng cng sut trong h thng...- 6 2.1. cn bng cng sut tc dng........................................................................- 6 2.2. cn bng cng sut phn khng..................................................................- 7 -
Chng 3 :
Chn phng n cung cp in hp l nht..- 9 3.1. d kin cc phng n ni dy ca mng in .....................................- 9 3.1.1. phng n 1 ..........................................................................................................- 10 3.1.2. phng n 2 ..........................................................................................................- 10 3.1.3. phng n 3 ..........................................................................................................- 11 3.1.4. phng n 4 ..........................................................................................................- 11 3.1.5. phng n 5 ..........................................................................................................- 12 3.2. tnh ton ch tiu k thut cho tng phng n .............................- 12 3.2.1. Phng n 1 ..........................................................................................................- 14 3.2.2. Phng n 2 ..........................................................................................................- 16 3.2.3. Phng n 3 ..........................................................................................................- 19 3.2.4. Phng n 4 ..........................................................................................................- 22 3.2.5. Phng n 5 ..........................................................................................................- 28 -
Chng 4 :
so snh ch tiu kinh t cc phng n.- 31 4.1. phng n 1 .............................................................................................................- 32 4.2. phng n 2 .............................................................................................................- 33 4.3. phng n 3 .............................................................................................................- 34 4.4. phng n 4 .............................................................................................................- 35 -
Chng 5 :
Chn s lng, cng sut mBA v s ni dy.- 37 -
Ma Hi H Lp : H Thng in 2-K50
-1-
n mn hc Li in
5.1. chn mBA..................................................................................................................- 37 5.2. chn s ni dy hp l cho cc trm h p v v s ca

mng in .......................................................................................................................- 40 -
Chng 6 :
Tnh chnh xc trng thI vn hnh ca li in...- 43 6.1. ch ph tI cc i.......................................................................................- 43 6.2. ch ph tI cc tiu.....................................................................................- 47 6.3. ch ph tI sau s c...................................................................................- 50 6.4. tnh in p cc nt trong mng in ....................................................- 52 -
Chng 7 :
La chn cc phng thc iu chnh in p.- 55 7.1. chn cc u iu chnh trong mBA trm 1 ........................................- 57 7.2. chn cc u iu chnh trong mBA trm cn li ..........................- 58 -
Chng 8 :
Cc ch tiu kinh t k thut ca mng in...- 59 8.1. vn u t xy dng mng in .................................................................- 59 8.2. tng tn tht tc dng trong mng in............................................- 60 8.3. tn tht in nng trong mng in ......................................................- 61 8.4. tnh chi ph v gi thnh ................................................................................- 61 -
-2-
n mn hc Li in
Li ni u
Li in l mt b phn ca h thng in lm nhim v ti in t cc ngun
in ti cc thit b dng in. Thit k v xy dng li in l cng vic ht sc
quan trng ca nghnh in, c nh hng ln ti cc ch tiu kinh t - k thut ca
h thng in. Gii quyt ng n vn kinh t - k thut, xy dng v vn hnh s
mang li li ch khng nh i vi h thng in.
n mn hc thit k li in khu vc s tnh ton thit k mng in cho
mt khu vc gm cc h tiu th in loi I, a ra phng n thit k thc thi nht,
m bo cung cp in cho cc h tiu th in vi chi ph nh nht khi thc hin cc
hn ch k thut v tin cy cung cp in v cht lng in nng.
Ni dung n gm cc chng sau :
Chng 1 : Phn tch ngun v ph ti
Chng 2 : Cn bng cng sut trong h thng.
Chng 3: D kin cc phng n v so snh v mt k thut.
Chng 4: So snh cc phng n v mt kinh t.
Chng 5: Chn s lng, cng sut MBA v s ni dy.
Chng 6: Tnh chnh xc trng thi vn hnh ca li in.
Chng 7: La chn cc phng thc iu chnh in p.
Chng 8: Cc ch tiu kinh t k thut ca mng in.
Do thi gian v kin thc cn hn ch nn bn n ca em khng th trnh khi
nhng thiu st, em rt mong nhn c s ch bo v gip ca cc thy, c gio
em c th t hon thin kin thc ca mnh.
Em xin chn thnh cm n cc thy c trong b mn, c bit l TS. L Minh
Khnh gip em hon thnh n mn hc ny.
Sinh vin thc hin :
Ma hI h
-3-
n mn hc Li in
CHNG 1 :
Phn tch ngun v ph ti

Tng hp thng tin v ngun in v ph ti in l bc u quan trng trong
thit k mng in, y l bc quyt nh thnh cng hay tht bi ca cng vic. T
a ra c nhng phng n ni dy hp l, p ng c nhu cu ca ph ti.
Trc khi thit k phi nm c cc c im ca ngun trong phm vi thit k nh:
s ngun in, c im ca ngun pht V ca ti nh: s ph ti, cng sut yu
cu, s b ch, mc m bo cung cp in
1.1. phn tch c im ca ngun

Trong h thng in c mt ngun in c coi l c cng sut v cng ln,vi
h s cng sut Cos ht trn thanh gp cao p ca nh my in l Cosht = 0.85 .
1.2. Phn tch c im ca tI

S liu ph ti in:
Vi Qmax i = tg i Pmax i
Qmin i = tg i Pmin i
Qmin i = 0.5 Pmax i
-4-
n mn hc Li in
Ph ti
Pmax ( MW )
20
34
24
25
30
28
Pmin ( MW )
10
17
12
12.5
15
14
Cos i
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
Qmax ( MAr )
9.686
16.467
11.624
12.108
14.530
13.451
Qmin ( MAr )
4.843
8.233
5.812
6.054
7.265
6.781
Loi ph ti
K/c n ngun (Km)
76.158
42.426
70.711
67.082
72.111
70.711
S liu
Yu cu iu chnh in p
KT
in p ca li th cp
10 KV
Tng c 6 ph ti loi I, yu cu iu chnh in p l khc thng. Tng cng

sut ph ti yu cu ch cc i l
tiu c tng cng sut l
min pt
max pt
= 161 ( MW ) , ch ph ti cc
= 80.5 ( MW ) .
Ph ti c phn b tng i u xung quanh ngun in. Khong cch ln nht

ti ngun in l 76.158 Km, khong cch ngn nht l 42.426 Km. vn hnh linh
hot th cn phi c s lin h cht ch gia h thng in v ngun in.
-5-
n mn hc Li in
Chng 2 :
Cn bng cng sut trong

h thng
Trong h thng in ch vn hnh ch tn ti khi c s cn bng cng sut tc
dng c cng sut phn khng. Vic cn bng cng sut trong h thng, trc ht l
kim tra kh nng cung cp v tiu th in trong h thng. T xc nh phng
thc vn hnh cho nh my in trong h thng, trng thi vn hnh cc i, cc
tiu v s c da trn s cn bng, c im v kh nng cung cp ca nh my v h
thng.
2.1. cn bng cng sut tc dng

Cng sut tc dng ca ph ti lin quan vi tn s ca dng in xoay chiu. Tn
s trong h thng s thay i khi s cn bng cng sut tc dng trong h thng b
ph v. Gim cng sut tc dng pht ra dn n gim tn s v ngc li, tng cng
sut tc dng pht ra dn n tng tn s. V vy, ti mi thi im cn c s cn
bng cng sut tc dng gia cng sut pht v cng sut yu cu.
Phng trnh cn bng cng sut tc dng c dng tng qut nh sau:
P = P
F
Vi: -
yc
: l tng cng sut pht.
P : l tng cng sut yu cu .

P = m. P + P + P
yc
yc
pt max
td
+ Pdt
-6-
n mn hc Li in

Trong :
- m : l h s ng thi.
-
pt max
: l tng cng sut cu tt cc cc ph ti trong ch cc
i ca h thng.
-
P : l tng tht cng sut trong h thng (bao gm tn tht trn
ng dy v tn tht trong MBA).
Xc nh
Ptd : l tng cng sut t dng trong nh my.
Pdt : l tng cng sut d tr cn thit trong nh my.
yc
m = 1 (v y l li truyn ti).
P = (8%). P
Ptd , Pdt do qu b nn ta c th b qua .
pt max
= P1 + P2 + P3 + P4 + P5 + P6 = 161 ( MW ) (nh tnh phn I).

pt max
= 0.08 161= 12.880 ( MW ) .
Pyc = 1 161 +12.880 + 0 + 0 = 173.880 ( MW ) .
Vy : trong ch ph ti max cng sut tc dng pht ra ca h thng l:
173.88 ( MW ) .
2.2. cn bng cng sut phn khng

m bo cht lng in p cn thit cc h tiu th in trong h thng in
v cc khu vc ring bit ca n th cn c s cn bng cng sut phn khng trn cc
h thng in v cc khu vc , s thiu ht cng sut phn khng s lm cho in
p gim st. Do trong giai on u ca thit k pht trin cc mng in cn phi
tin hnh cn bng s b cng sut phn khng.
Phng trnh cn bng cng sut phn khng ca h thng :
Q =Q
F
yc
Vi :
-
: l tng cng sut phn khng pht ra.
-7-
n mn hc Li in
Q = P tg (vi cos = 0.85 tg = 0.6197 )

Q = 173.88 06.197 = 107.753 ( MW ) .
- Q : l tng cng sut yu cu t nh my.
Q = m. Q + Q + Q Q + Q + Q
F
yc
yc
i max
BA
td
dt
Trong :
-
m : l h s ng thi, ly m = 1.
Q : l tng cng sut phn khng ca ph ti ch cc i.

Q = Q + Q + Q + Q + Q + Q = 77.976 ( MVAr )
- Q : l tng tn tht cng sut phn khng trong cc MBA.
Q = (15% ) Q = 0.15 77.976 =11.696 ( MVAr )
- Q : l tng tn tht cng sut phn khng trn ng dy.
- Q : l cng sut phn khng do ng dy sinh ra.
(Trong n ny ta b qua Q , Q ).
- Q : l tng cng sut t dng trong nh my in
- Q : l tng cng sut d tr trong h thng.
(Trong n ny ta cng khng xt n Q , Q )
m. Q + Q = 1 77.976 + 11.696= 89.672 ( MVAr )
-
max i
max i
BA
BA
max i
td
dt
td
Qy c =
Vy so snh
max i
dt
BA
yc
ta thy
> Qy c
Do ta khng cn tin hnh b cng sut phn khng, m ch cn iu chnh
kch t.
-8-
n mn hc Li in
Chng 3 :
Chn phng n cung cp

in hp l nht
Cc ch tiu kinh t - k thut ca mng in ph thuc rt nhiu vo s ca n.
V vy cc s mng in cn c chn sao cho c chi ph nh nht, m bo
tin cy cung cp in cn thit, m bo cht lng in nng yu cu ca cc h tiu
th, thun tin v an ton trong vn hnh, kh nng pht trin trong tng lai v tip
nhn ph ti mi. chn c s ti u ca mng in ngi ta s dng phng
php nhiu phng n. T cc v tr cho ca ph ti cn tin hnh d kin mt s
phng n v phng n tt nht s c chn trn c s so snh kinh t - k thut
cc phng n.
3.1. d kin cc phng n ni dy ca mng

in.
T vic phn tch ngun v ph ti trn ta thy: tt c 6 ph ti in u l h
tiu th in loi I, yu cu tin cy cung cp in cao. Do phi s dng cc
bin php cung cp in : l kp, mch vng. Ta a ra 5 phng n sau cung cp
in sau:
-9-
n mn hc Li in
3.1.1. phng n 1
N
Km
K
m
58
72
.11
42
67.
.4
26
76.1
Km
70.711
1K
082
Km
70.711 K
m
4
3
P.A 1
3.1.2. phng n 2
Km
70.711
40 Km
.1 1
1K
Km
082
67.
42
.4
26
72
Km
5
1 Km
41.23
3
P.A 2
- 10 -
n mn hc Li in
3.1.3. phng n 3
Km
K
082
67.
40 Km
42
.4
26
Km
50.99 K
m
70.711
5
1K
41.23
3
P.A 3
3.1.4. phng n 4
Km
72
. 11
42
.
08
67.
1K
m
2K
70.711 K
m
Km
m
42
6
58 K
76.1
70.711
1 Km
41.23
3
P.A 4
- 11 -
n mn hc Li in
3.1.5. phng n 5
Km
42
.4
26
1K
m
082
Km
Km
70.711
72
.11
67.
40 Km
Km
70.711
1 Km
41.23
3
P.A 5
3.2. tnh ton ch tiu k thut cho tng
phng n
a. Xc nh in p nh mc ca mng
y l bc rt quan trng ca cng vic thit k mng in v n nh hng trc
tip ti cc ch tiu kinh t - k thut, cng nh cc c trng ca mng in.
in p nh mc c th xc nh s b theo cng sut truyn ti bit P (MW)
v theo chiu di ca ng dy truyn ti l (km) vi cng thc Still:
Um = 4,34 l + 16.P (KV)

b. Chn tit din dy dn
Tit din dy dn phi c chn lm sao cho ph hp vi quan h ti u gia chi
ph u t xy dng ng dy v chi ph v tn tht in nng. Trong thc t ngi
ta thng dng gii php n gin xc nh tit din dy dn, l phng php
chn tit din dy dn theo mt kinh t ca dng in, sau kim tra li bng
iu kin pht nng.
- 12 -
n mn hc Li in
Ta d kin s dng dy nhm li thp trn khng (AC trn khng), vi thi gian
s dng cng sut cc i l Tmax = 5000 h, khong cch trung bnh hnh hc gia cc
pha l Dtb = 5 ( m ) . Ta tra Bng 2.4. Mt kinh t ca dng in, A/ mm 2 (trang 64
sch Thit k cc mng v h thng in Nguyn Vn m) ta c Jkt = 1.1 (A/ mm 2 )
- Tit din kinh t dy dn c tnh theo cng thc sau:
F=
I lv max
J kt
Trong :
(mm 2 )
F : l tit din tnh ton ca dy dn theo mt kinh t
I lv max i : l dng in chy trong dy dn ch ph ti cc i c xc nh theo

cng thc:
I lv max i =
Smax i
n 3 U m
.10 =
3
Pmax i 2 + Qmax i 2
n 3 U m
.103
Jkt : l mt dng kinh t ca dy dn (A/ mm 2 ).
- Kim tra li bng iu kin pht nng :
I sc I cp vi I sc = 2 I lv max
Trong : - I sc l dng in trn dy dn khi xy ra s c
-
I cp l dng in cho php ca dy dn.(ph thuc vo bn cht ca dy dn)
Vi in p U m 110 ( KV ) tit din dy dn cn chn c F 70 mm 2 m

bn c hc, iu kin n nh nhit v tn tht vng quang trong iu kin lm
vic bnh thng.
c. Xc nh tn tht in p trong mng
- Tn tht in p trn cc l ch bnh thng c xc nh theo biu thc:
U N i bt % =
Pi .Ri + Qi .Xi
2
U m
.100
Trong :
- Pi , Qi l cng sut tc dng v cng sut phn khng chy trn cc l (MW, MVAr)
- 13 -
n mn hc Li in
Ri =
Xi =
li .roi
n
li .xoi
n
l in tr ca ng dy.
l in khng ca ng dy.
- n l s l dy (trong n ny tt c cc l u l l kp nn ta ly n=2).
- Tn tht in p ch s c c xc nh bng cng thc:

U N i sc % = 2 U N i bt %
iu kin phng n c chp nhn l :

U bt max % 15%
U sc max % 25%
Do cc h ph ti u l h loi I nn ta dng my bin

p iu p di ti.
3.2.1. Phng n 1
N
Km
m
72
42
67.
.4
2
58 K
76.1
Km
70.711
.1 1
1K
m
082
70.711 K
m
Km
4
3
P.A 1
a. Xc nh in p nh mc ca mng in
Thay s vo tnh ton ta c bng kt qu sau:
on
N1
N-2
N -3
N-4
N-5
N-6
L(km)
76.158
42.426
70.711
67.082
72.111
70.711
P(MW)
20
34
24
25
30
28
Um (KV)
86.3821
105.098
92.546
93.796
101.977
98.844
- 14 -
n mn hc Li in
Ta thy 70 (KV) < Um < 150 (KV)

ta chn in p nh mc ca mng in l U m = 110 (KV)
b. La chn tit din dy dn v kim tra li bng iu kin pht nng

- L N-1:
I lvmax 1 =
Smax 1
n 3 U m
Pmax 12 + Qmax 12
.10 =
3
n 3 Um
.103
Thay s vo ta c:
I lvmax 1 =
202 + 9.686 2
2 3 110
.103 = 58.318 ( A )
Tit din tnh ton l :

Ftt =
58.318
= 53.017 mm 2
1 .1
Chn tit din tiu chun l Ftc = 70 mm 2 loi dy AC-70 c I cp = 265 A,

ro = 0.45 / km, xo = 0.44 / km
Gi thit t mt dy dn lc ph ti ang s dng cng sut cc i:

I sc = 2.I lv max = 2 58.318 = 116.636 ( A ) < I cp = 265 ( A ) Dy dn m bo iu kin
pht nng.
- Tnh ton tng t cho cc l dy cn li ta c bng kt qu sau:
on
Pmax i
Qmax i
I lv max (A)
I cp (A)
I sc (A)
N1
20
9.69
58.32
53.02
AC-70
265
116.64
N2
34
16.47
99.14
90.13
AC-95
330
198.28
N3
24
11.62
69.98
63.62
AC-70
265
139.96
N4
25
12.11
72.90
66.27
AC-70
265
145.80
N5
30
14.53
87.48
79.53
AC-70
265
174.95
N6
28
13.56
81.65
74.22
AC-70
265
163.29
Ftt mm 2
Flc mm 2
- 15 -
n mn hc Li in
c. Xc nh tn tht in p trong mng in

- L N 1 : Tn tht in p ch bnh thng l:
PN 1 .RN 1 + QN 1 .X N 1
U N 1 bt % =
2
Um
100
Thay s vo ta c:
U N 1 bt % =
1
2
1
2
20 76.158 0.45 + 9.686 76.158 0.44

1102
100 = 4.17%
Tn tht in p ch s c l :
U N 1 sc % = 2 U N 1 bt % = 2 4.17% = 8.35%
- Tnh ton tng t cho cc nhnh khc ta c bng kt qu sau:

on
l (km)
ro / km
xo / km
U bt %
U sc %
N1
76.158
0.45
0.44
17.14
16.75
4.17
8.35
N2
42.426
0.33
0.429
7.00
9.10
3.21
6.41
N3
70.711
0.45
0.44
15.91
15.56
4.65
9.30
N4
67.082
0.45
0.44
15.09
14.76
4.60
9.19
N5
72.111
0.45
0.44
16.22
15.86
5.93
11.86
N6
70.711
0.45
0.44
15.91
15.56
5.43
10.85
Vy U bt max % = 5.93% v U sc max % = 11.86%
3.2.2. phng n 2
N
Km
42
.4
2
72
082
67.
40 Km
.11
1K
m
Km
Km
70.711
5
1
41.23
Km
3
P.A 2
- 16 -
n mn hc Li in
a) Xc nh in p nh mc ca mng in
Ta c : S21 = S1 = P1 + jQ1
SN 2 = S1 + S2 = ( P1 + P2 ) + j ( Q1 + Q2 )
S4 3 = S3 = P3 + jQ3
SN 4 = S3 + S4 = ( P3 + P4 ) + j ( Q3 + Q4 )

on
21
L(km)
N-2
4 -3
N-4
N-5
N-6
40
42.426
41.231
67.082
72.111
70.711
P(MW)
20
54
24
49
30
28
Um (KV)
82.346
130.664
89.496
126.612
101.977
98.844
Ta thy 70 (KV) < Um < 150 (KV)

b) La chn tit din dy dn v kim tra li bng iu kin pht nng

- L N-2:
I lvmax N 2 =
Smax N 2
n 3 Um
10 =
3
2
2
Pmax
+ Qmax
N 2
N 2
n 3 Um
103
Thay s vo ta c:
I lvmax N 2 =
542 + 26.153 2
2 3 110
103 = 157.46 ( A )
Tit din tnh ton l :

Ftt =
157.46
= 143.14 mm 2
1 .1
Chn tit din tiu chun l Ftc = 150 mm 2 loi dy AC-150 c I cp = 445A,
ro = 0.21 / km, xo = 0.416 / km
Gi thit t mt dy dn lc ph ti ang s dng cng sut cc i:
- 17 -
n mn hc Li in
I sc = 2.I lv max = 2 58.318 = 116.636 ( A ) < I cp = 265 ( A ) Dy dn m bo iu kin
pht nng.
on
Pmax i
Qmax i
21
20
9.686
N2
54
43
I lv max (A)
I cp (A)
Ftt mm 2
Flc mm 2
58.32
53.02
AC-70
265
116.64
26.153
157.46
143.14
AC-150
445
314.92
24
11.624
69.98
63.62
AC-70
265
139.96
N4
49
23.732
142.88
129.89
AC-120
380
285.76
N5
30
14.530
87.48
79.52
AC-70
265
174.95
N6
28
13.561
81.65
74.22
AC-70
265
163.29
I sc (A)
c) Xc nh tn tht in p trong mng in

- L N 2 :
Tn tht in p ch bnh thng l:
U N 2 bt % =
PN 2 .RN 2 + QN 2 . X N 2
2
Um
100
Thay s vo ta c:
U N 2 bt % =
1
2
1
2
54 42.426 0.21 + 26.153 42.426 0.416

1102
100 = 3.90%
U N 1 sc % = 2 U N 2 bt % + U2 1 bt %
U N 3 sc % = 2 U N 4 bt % + U 43 bt %
- 18 -
n mn hc Li in
on
l (km)
ro / km
xo / km
U bt %
U sc %
21
40
0.45
0.44
9.00
8.80
2.19
4.38
N2
42.426
0.21
0.416
4.45
8.82
3.90
7.79
43
41.231
0.45
0.44
9.28
9.07
2.71
5.42
N4
67.082
0.27
0.423
9.06
14.19
6.45
12.90
N5
72.111
0.45
0.44
16.22
15.86
5.93
11.86
N6
70.711
0.45
0.44
15.91
15.56
5.43
10.85
U N 1 sc % = 2 U N 2 bt % + U 21 bt % = 2 3.9% + 2.19% = 9.98%

U N 3 sc % = 2 U N 4 bt % + U 4 3 bt % = 2 6.45% + 2.71% = 15.61%
3.2.3. phng n 3
40 Km
082
67.
Km
42
.4
26
Km
50.99 K
K
70.711
5
41.231
Km
3
P.A 3
Ta c : S21 = S1 = P1 + jQ1
SN 2 = S1 + S2 = ( P1 + P2 ) + j ( Q1 + Q2 )
S4 3 = S3 = P3 + jQ3
SN 4 = S4 + S43 = ( P3 + P4 ) + j ( Q3 + Q4 )
- 19 -
n mn hc Li in
S65 = S5 = P5 + jQ5
SN 6 = S6 + S6 5 = ( P5 + P6 ) + j ( Q5 + Q6 )

on
21
L(km)
N-2
4 -3
N-4
6-5
N-6
40
42.426
41.231
67.082
50.990
70.711
P(MW)
20
54
24
49
30
58
Um (KV)
82.346
130.664
89.496
126.612
100.008
137.154
Ta thy 70 (KV) < Um < 150 (KV)


- Tnh ton tng t (nh l N-2 trong P.A 2) cho cc l dy cn li ta c bng
kt qu sau:
on
Pmax i
Qmax i
21
20
9.686
N2
54
43
I lv max (A)
Ftt mm 2
Flc mm 2
I cp (A)
58.32
53.02
AC-70
265
116.64
26.153
157.46
143.14
AC-150
445
314.92
24
11.624
69.98
63.62
AC-70
265
139.96
N4
49
23.732
142.88
129.89
AC-120
380
285.76
65
30
14.530
87.48
79.52
AC-70
265
174.95
N6
58
28.091
169.12
153.75
AC-150
445
338.25
I sc (A)

- L N 2 :
Tn tht in p ch bnh thng l:
U N 2 bt % =
PN 2 .RN 2 + QN 2 . X N 2
2
Um
100
Thay s vo ta c:
- 20 -
n mn hc Li in
U N 2 bt % =

1
2
1
2
54 42.426 0.21 + 26.153 42.426 0.416

1102
100 = 3.90%
U N 1 sc % = 2 U N 2 bt % + U1 2 bt %
U N 3 sc % = 2 U N 4 bt % + U 43 bt %
U N 5 sc % = 2 U N 6 bt % + U6 5 bt %
on
l (km)
ro / km
xo / km
U bt %
U sc %
21
40
0.45
0.44
9.00
8.80
2.19
4.38
N2
42.426
0.21
0.416
4.45
8.82
3.90
7.79
43
41.231
0.45
0.44
9.28
9.07
2.71
5.42
N4
67.082
0.27
0.423
9.06
14.19
6.45
12.90
65
50.99
0.45
0.44
11.47
11.22
4.19
8.38
N6
70.711
0.21
0.416
7.42
14.71
6.97
13.95
U N 1 sc % = 2 U N 2 bt % + U1 2 bt % = 2 3.9% + 2.19% = 9.98%

U N 3 sc % = 2 U N 4 bt % + U 4 3 bt % = 2 6.45% + 2.71% = 15.61%
U N 5 sc % = 2 U N 6 bt % + U65 bt % = 2 6.97% + 4.19% = 18.14%
- 21 -
n mn hc Li in
3.2.4. phng n 4
N
Km
Km
K
m
158
72
.11
1K
Km
082
67.
42
.4
26
76.
70.711
70.711 K
41.23
1 Km
3
P.A 4
Tnh dng cng sut chy trn cc on ng dy trong mch vng
N1 3 4 N 2 , vi chiu di cc on ng dy ghi trn hinh v. xc nh cc
dng cng sut ta cn gi thit rng, mng in ng nht v tt c cc on ng

dy u c cng mt tit din .
N1
.
S
N1 - 3
.
S
70.711 km
41.231 km
N2 - 4
N2
67.082 km
S3 = 24 + j11.624 (MVA)
S4 = 25 + j12.108 (MVA)
0
67.
70.711
Km
Km
82
4
3
41.2
31 K m
- 22 -
n mn hc Li in
Dng cng sut chy trn on N1-3 l:

SN 13 =
S3 .(l3 4 + l4 N 2 ) + S4 .l4 N 2 (24 + j11.624) (41.231 + 67.082) + (25 + j12.108) 67.082

=
lN 13 + l3 4 + l4 N 2
(70.711 + 67.082 + 41.231)
= 23.888 + j11.57 ( MVA)
Nhn thy ngay SN 13 < S3 im 3 l im phn cng sut nn ta c chiu dng

cng sut nh hnh v trn.
Dng cng sut chy trn on N2-4 l:
SN 4 =
S4 .(l3 4 + lN 13 ) + S3 .lN 13
=
lN 13 + l3 4 + l4 N 2
(25 + j12.108) (41.231 + 70.711) + (24 + j11.624) 70.711

= 25.112 + j12.162 ( MVA)
(70.711 + 67.082 + 41.231)
Vy dng cng sut trn on 3- 4 l:

S3 4 = S3 SN 13 = (24 + j11.624) ( 23.888 + j11.57 ) = 0.112 + j 0.054 ( MVA )

on
N1
N-2
N -3
N-4
4-3
N-5
N-6
L(km)
76.158
42.426
70.711
67.082
41.231
72.111
70.711
P(MW)
20
34
23.888
25.112
0.112
30
Um (KV)
86.382
105.098
92.546
93.796
28.467
102.033
28
98.844
Ta thy 70 (KV) < Um < 150 (KV)


- Tnh tit din cc on ng dy trong mch vng N-3-4-N
* Dng in chy trn on N-3:
I lvmax N 3 =
Smax N 3
n 3 Um
10 =
3
Pmax N 32 + Qmax N 32
n 3 Um
103
Thay s vo ta c:
- 23 -
n mn hc Li in

23.8882 + 11.57 2
I lvmax N 3 =
3 110
103 = 139.312 ( A )
Tit din tnh ton l :

Ftt =
69.656
= 126.647 mm 2
1.1
ro = 0.27 / km, xo = 0.423 / km .
* Dng in trn on 3-4:

0.112 2 + 0.054 2
I lvmax 34 =
3 110
103 = 0.653 ( A )
Tit din tnh ton l :

Ftt =
0.653
= 0.593 mm 2
1 .1

ro = 0.45 / km, xo = 0.44 / km .
* Dng in trn on N-4 l:
I lvmax N 4 =
25.112 2 + 12.1622
3 110
103 = 146.448 ( A )
Tit din tnh ton l :

Ftt =
146.448
= 133.135 mm 2
1 .1
ro = 0.27 / km, xo = 0.423 / km .
- Kim tra dy dn khi c s c: i vi mch vng cho th c 2 trng hp

s c c th xy ra l t on N-3 hoc N-4.
* Trn on 4-3: dng in s c gi tr ln nht khi ngng ng N-4 nh vy :
- 24 -
n mn hc Li in
I sc
4 3 =
252 + 12.108 2
3 110
103 = 154.8 ( A ) < I cp = 265 ( A ) Dy dn m bo
iu kin pht nng.
N1
.
S
N1 - 3
70.711 km
N2
4
41.231 km
S3 = 24 + j11.624 (MVA)
67.082 km
S4 = 25 + j12.108 (MVA)
* Trn on N-3: dng in s c c gi tr ln nht khi ngng ng N 4 :

SN 3 sc = S3 + S4 = ( 24 + j11.624 ) + ( 25 + j12.108 ) = 49 + j 23.732 ( MVA )
I sc
N 3 =
49 2 + 23.7322
3 110
103 = 285.76 ( A ) < I cp = 380 ( A ) Dy dn m bo
iu kin pht nng.

* Trng hp s c trn on N-3( tc on ny b t) th dng in s c trn
on N-4 cng c gi tr bng gi tr dng in trn on N-3 khi xy ra s c t
on N-4
I sc N 3 = I sc N 4 = 285.76 ( A ) < I cp = 380 ( A ) Dy dn m bo iu kin pht
nng.
N1
3
70.711 km
4
41.231 km
S3 = 24 + j11.624 (MVA)
.
S
N2 - 4
N2
67.082 km
S4 = 25 + j12.108 (MVA)
- 25 -
n mn hc Li in
on
Pmax i
Qmax i
I lv max (A)
Ftt mm 2
Flc mm 2
I cp (A)
N1
20.000
9.686
58.318
53.017
AC-70
265
116.636
N2
34.000
16.467
99.141
90.128
AC-95
330
198.282
N3
23.888
11.570
139.312
126.647
AC-120
380
285.760
N4
25.112
12.162
146.448
133.135
AC-120
380
285.760
43
0.112
0.054
0.653
0.593
AC-70
265
154.800
N 5
30.000
14.530
87.478
79.525
AC-70
265
174.955
N6
28.000
13.560
81.644
74.222
AC-70
265
163.289
I sc (A)

- Tn tht in p trong mch vng: trong mch vng ny ch c mt im phn
cng sut l im 3 in p im ny l thp nht trong ton mch vng, tn
tht in p trn li kn l tn tht in p t ngun n im 3 tnh t pha no cng
c:
U N 3 4 N bt % =
PN 3 .RN 3 + QN 3 . X N 3
2
U m
100
Thay s vo ta c:
U N 34 N bt % =
23.888 70.711 0.27 + 11.57 70.711 0.423

100 = 6.629%
1102
- Tn tht in p ch s c l :
* Khi ngng on N 3:
Tn tht in p trn on N 4 l:
U N 4 sc % =
=
PN 4 sc .RN 4 + QN 4 sc .X N 4
2
U m
100 =
49 0.27 67.082 + 23.732 0.423 67.082

100 = 12.9%
1102
Tn tht in p trn on 4 3 l:
- 26 -
n mn hc Li in
U3 4 sc % =
P3 4 sc .R3 4 + Q3 4 sc .X3 4
2
U m
100 =
24 0.45 41.231 + 11.624 0.44 41.231

100 = 5.423%
1102
* Khi ngng on N 4:
Tn tht in p trn on N 3:
PN 3 sc .RN 3 + QN 3 sc .X N 3
U N 3 sc % =
2
U m
100 =
49 0.27 70.711 + 23.732 0.423 70.711

100 = 13.6%
1102
Tn tht in p trn on 4 3 l:
U3 4 sc % =
=
P3 4 sc .R3 4 + Q3 4 sc .X3 4
2
U m
100 =
25 0.45 41.231 + 12.108 0.44 41.231

100 = 5.65%
1102
on
l (km)
ro / km
xo / km
U bt %
U sc %
N1
76.158
0.45
0.44
17.135
16.755
4.174
8.35
N2
42.426
0.33
0.429
7.000
9.100
3.206
6.41
N3
70.711
0.27
0.423
19.092
29.911
13.60
N4
67.082
0.27
0.423
18.112
28.376
12.90
43
41.231
0.45
0.44
18.554
18.142
N5
72.111
0.45
0.44
16.225
15.864
5.928
11.86
N6
70.711
0.45
0.44
15.91
15.56
5.425
10.85
U N 34 N bt % = 6.629%
- 27 -
n mn hc Li in
U N 34 N sc % = U N 4 % + U 43 % = 12.9% + 5.423% = 18.323% (khi ngng on

N-3)
U N 34 N sc % = U N 3 % + U3 4 % = 13.6% + 5.65% = 19.25% (khi ngng on N4)

3.2.5. phng n 5
N
Km
42
.4
26
72
.1
082
67.
11
Km
Km
70.711 K
m
40 Km
Km
70.711
1
41.23
Km
3
P.A 5
Tnh dng cng sut chy trn cc on ng dy trong mch vng
N1 3 4 N 2 tng t nh trong P.A 4, tnh dng cng sut trn on N 2 v
on 2 1 tng t nh trong P.A 2.

on
21
L(km)
40
P(MW)
Um (KV)
N-2
N -3
N-4
4-3
N-5
N-6
42.426
70.711
67.082
41.231
72.111
70.711
20
54
23.888
25.112
0.112
30
82.346
130.664
92.546
93.796
28.467
102.033
28
98.844
Ta thy 70 (KV) < Um < 150 (KV)

- 28 -
n mn hc Li in
- Tnh ton tng t nh P.A 2 v P.A 4 cho cc l dy cn li ta c bng kt

qu sau:
on
Pmax i
Qmax i
21
20
9.686
N2
54
N3
I lv max (A)
Ftt mm 2
Flc mm 2
I cp (A)
58.32
53.02
AC-70
265
116.64
26.153
157.46
143.14
AC-150
445
314.92
23.888
11.570
139.312
126.647
AC-120
380
285.760
N4
25.112
12.162
146.448
133.135
AC-120
380
285.760
43
0.112
0.054
0.653
0.593
AC-70
265
154.800
N 5
30.000
14.530
87.478
79.525
AC-70
265
174.955
N6
28.000
13.560
81.644
74.222
AC-70
256
163.289
I sc (A)

on
l (km)
ro / km
xo / km
U bt %
U sc %
21
40
0.45
0.44
9.00
8.80
2.19
4.38
N2
42.426
0.21
0.416
4.45
8.82
3.90
7.79
N3
70.711
0.27
0.423
19.092
29.911
13.60
N4
67.082
0.27
0.423
18.112
28.376
12.90
43
41.231
0.45
0.44
18.554
18.142
N5
72.111
0.45
0.44
16.225
15.864
5.928
11.86
N6
70.711
0.45
0.44
15.91
15.56
5.425
10.85
U N 34 N bt % = 6.629%
U N 34 N sc % = 18.323% (khi ngng on N 3)
U N 3 4 N sc % = 19.25% (khi ngng on N 4)
- 29 -
n mn hc Li in
U N 1 sc % = 9.98%
Vy U bt max % = 6.629% v U sc max % = 19.25% .
T kt qun tnh ton ca cc phng n trn ta c bng ch tiu k thut ca

cc phng n so snh sau:
Umax bt %
5.93
6.45
6.97
6.629
6.629
Umax sc %
11.86
15.61
18.14
19.25
19.25
P.A
U%
Ta thy P.A 4 v P.A 5 c Umax bt % , Umax sc % ging nhau nhng trong P.A 4
th U N 1 PA 4 sc % < U N 1 PA5 sc % v U N 2 PA 4 sc % < U N 2 PA5 sc % . Do ta chn
P.A 1,2,3 v 4 tin hnh so snh k thut.
- 30 -
n mn hc Li in
Chng 4 :
so snh ch tiu kinh t cc

phng n
La chn c phng n ti u th phi da trn c s so snh v k thut v
kinh t. Vi kt qu tnh Chng 3 ta chn c phng n 1, 2, 3 v 4 l cc
phng n so snh v mt kinh t
V cc phng n so snh ca mng in c cng in p nh mc, do n
gin khng cn tnh vn u t vo cc trm h p. Ch tiu kinh t c s dng khi
so snh cc phng n l cc chi ph tnh ton hng nm, c xc nh theo cng
thc:
Z = ( atc + avh ) .K + A.c

Trong :
-
atc : l h s hiu qu ca vn u t ( atc = 0.125 )
- avh : l h s vn hnh i vi cc ng dy trong mng in
avh = 0.07 Gi thit rng cc ng dy trn khng hai mch c t trn cng ct
thp (ct kim loi).
- K : l tng cc vn u t v ng dy.
-
A : l tng tn tht in nng hng nm
- c : l gi 1kW.h in nng tn tht (c = 500 /kw.h)
i vi cc ng dy trn khng hai mch t trn cng mt ct, tng vn u t

xy dng cc ng dy c th xc nh theo cng thc sau:
K = 1.6 koi li
- 31 -
n mn hc Li in
Trong :
-
koi l gi thnh 1 km ng dy mt mch (/km)
li l chiu di ng dy th i (km)
Tn tht in nng trn ng dy c xc nh theo cng thc:

A = Pmax i .
Trong :
-
Pmax i : l tn tht cng sut trn ng dy th i khi ph ti cc i vi
Pmax i =
-
P 2 max i + Q 2 max i
U 2 m
Ri
: l thi gian tn tht cng sut cc i.
= 0.124 + Tmax .104 8760

Vi
Tmax l thi gian s dng ph ti cc i trong nm.
By gi ta tin hnh tnh cc ch tiu kinh t - k thut ca cc phng n so snh:

4.1. phng n 1
a. Tn tht cng sut tc dng trn cc ng dy.
- Trn on N 1: l dy AC 70 vi chiu di l lN 1 = 76.159 km in tr
ng dy l RN 1 = 17.135 , Pmax = 20 ( MW ) , Qmax = 9.686 ( MVAr )
Tn tht cng sut tc dng trn on N 1 l:
PN 1 =
P 2 max 1 + Q 2 max 1
2
U m
RN 1 =
20 2 + 9.6862
17.135 = 0.699 ( MW )
1102
- Tn tht cng sut trn cc on cn li tnh tng t nh trn on N-1:

Kt qu tnh tn tht cng sut tc dng trn cc ng dy c tng hp trong
bng trang 33
b. Tnh vn u t xy dng mng in
- 32 -
n mn hc Li in
Gi thit rng cc ng dy trn khng hai mch c t trn cng ct thp

(ct kim loi). Nh vy vn u t xy dng ng dy on N 1 c xc nh
nh sau:
K 1 = 1.6 ko1 lN 1 = 1.6 208 106 76.158 = 25345.293 106
Kt qu tnh vn u t xy dng cc ng dy cho trong bng sau:
on
Loi dy
dn
l (km)
R ( ) P ( MW ) Q ( MAr ) P ( MW )
ko 106
K 106
/ km
N1
AC-70
76.158 17.135
20
9.686
0.699
208
25,345.293
N2
AC-95
42.426
7.000
34
16.467
0.826
283
19,210.677
N3
AC-70
70.711 15.910
24
11.624
0.935
208
23,532.514
N4
AC-70
67.082 15.093
25
12.108
0.962
208
22,324.903
N5
AC-70
72.111 16.225
30
14.530
1.490
208
23,998.549
N6
AC-70
70.711 15.910
28
13.561
1.273
208
23,532.514
Tng
6.19
137,944.449
Vy tng tn tht cng sut tc dng trn ng dy l: Pi = 6.19 ( MW )

Tng vn u t v ng dy c gi tr: K = 137 944.449 106
c. Xc nh chi ph vn hnh hng nm
- Thi gian tn tht cng sut ln nht bng :
= 0.124 + 5000 104 8760 = 3410.934 h
- Tn tht in nng trong mng in c gi tr:

A = Pi = 6.19 3410.934 = 21096.899 ( MW .h )
- Chi ph tnh ton hng nm :

Z1 = (0.125 + 0.07) 137 944.449 106 + 21096.899 103 500 = 37.448 109
4.2. phng n 2
- 33 -
n mn hc Li in
Tnh ton tng t phng n I ta c bng kt qu tng hp sau:
on
Loi dy
dn
l (km)
R ( ) P ( MW ) Q ( MAr )
P ( MW )
ko 106
/ km
K 106
2 1 AC-70
40.000
18.000
20.0
9.686
0.735
208
13,312.000
N 2 AC-150
42.426
8.910
54.0
26.153
2.651
403
27,356.547
4 3 AC-70
41.231
18.554
24.0
11.624
1.090
208
13,721.677
N 4 AC-120
67.082
18.112
49.0
23.732
4.437
354
37,995.245
N 5 AC-70
72.111
32.450
30.0
14.530
2.980
208
23,998.541
N 6 AC-70
70.711
31.820
28.0
13.561
2.545
208
23,532.514
Tng
14.438
139,916.523

- Tng vn u t v ng dy c gi tr: K = 139916.523 106
A = Pi = 14.438 3410.934 = 49246.854 ( MW .h )

Z 2 = (0.125 + 0.07) 139916.523 106 + 49 246.854 103 500 = 51.907 109
4.3. phng n 3
on
Loi
dy dn
2 1 AC-70
l (km)
R ( ) P ( MW ) Q ( MAr ) P ( MW )
ko 106
/ km
K 106
40.000
9.000
20
9.686
0.367
208
13312.000
N 2 AC-150 42.426
4 3 AC-70 41.231
4.455
54
26.153
1.325
403
27356.547
9.277
24
11.624
0.545
208
13721.677
N 4 AC-120 67.082
6 5 AC-70 50.990
9.056
49
23.732
2.219
254
27262.125
11.473
30
14.530
1.054
208
16969.472
N 6 AC-150 70.711
7.425
58
28.091
2.548
403
45594.245
Tng
8.058
144216.066
- 34 -
n mn hc Li in

- Tng vn u t v ng dy c gi tr: K = 144 216.066 106
A = Pi = 8.058 3410.934 = 27 486.251( MW .h )

Z3 = (0.125 + 0.07) 144 216.066 106 + 27 486.251 103 500 = 41.865 109
4.4. phng n 4
on
Loi
dy dn
l (km)
R ( ) P ( MW ) Q ( MAr ) P ( MW )
ko 106
/ km
K 106
N 1 AC-70
76.158
17.135
20.000
9.686
0.699
208
25,345.293
N 2 AC-95
42.426
7.000
34.000
16.467
0.826
283
19,210.677
N 3 AC-120 70.711
N 4 AC-120 67.082
19.092
23.888
11.570
1.112
354
40,050.710
18.112
25.112
12.162
1.165
354
37,995.245
4 3 AC-70
41.231
18.554
0.112
0.054
0.000
208
13,721.677
N 5 AC-70
72.111
16.225
30.000
14.530
1.490
208
23,998.541
N 6 AC-70
70.711
15.910
28.000
13.560
1.273
208
23,532.621
Tng
6.565
183,854.764

- Tng vn u t v ng dy c gi tr: K = 183854.764 106
A = Pi = 6.565 3410.934 = 22 391.159 ( MW .h )

Z 4 = (0.125 + 0.07) 183854.764 106 + 22391.159 103 500 = 47.047 109
- 35 -
n mn hc Li in
Ta c bng tng hp cc ch tiu kinh t - k thut ca cc phng n so

snh.
1
Umax bt %
5.93
6.45
6.97
6.629
Umax sc %
11.86
15.61
18.14
19.25
51.907
41.865
47.047
P.A
U%
Z 109
37.448
T bng kt qu tnh ton trong bng trn ta nhn thy rng Phng n I l
phng n ti u nht.
- 36 -
n mn hc Li in
Chng 5 :
Chn s lng, cng sut

mBA v s ni dy
Chn MBA l mt vic ht sc quan trng, n nh hng trc tip ti vic cung
cp in v m bo cc tin cy cung cp in cho cc ph ti. Chn MBA cn c
vp cng sut, in p ca h tiu th in. y h thng in vn hnh ci in p
110 KV v cp in p nh mc ca h tiu th in l 10 KV. Nh vy ti cc h
tiu th in chn MBA 3 pha 2 dy c cp in p l 110/10 KV.
5.1. chn mBA
Chn s lng v cng sut MBA cho cc trm h p.
Dung lng MBA c chn theo cng thc:
S Stt =
Smax
k ( n 1)
Vi :
-
Stt : l cng sut tnh ton ca MBA (MVA)
Smax : l cng sut ph ti ch cc i (MVA)
- k : l h s qu ti (chn k=1.4)
- n : l s lng MBA trong mt trm.
Theo yu cu cung cp in th c 9 ph ti u l h loi I c yu cu cung cp

in lin tc nn chn ta chn 2 MBA lm vic song song (n = 2).
i vi trm c 2 MBA th cng sut mi MBA l :
- 37 -
n mn hc Li in
S pt max
1.4
- Cng sut MBA trong trm 1 l:

S1 max =
Stt =
P1 max
cos pt
20
= 22.222 ( MVA )
0. 9
Smax 22.222
=
= 15.873 ( MVA )
1.4
1. 4
Vy ta chn MBA c cng sut Sm = 16 ( MVA ) c k hiu loi my l: TDH

16000/110
S2 max =
Stt =
P2 max
cos pt
34
= 37.778 ( MVA )
0. 9
Smax 37.778
=
= 26.984 ( MVA )
1. 4
1. 4
Vy ta chn MBA c cng sut Sm = 32 ( MVA ) c k hiu loi my l: TPDH

32000/110*
S3 max =
Stt =
P3 max
cos pt
S2 max
1 .4
24
= 26.667 ( MVA )
0. 9
26.667
= 19.048 ( MVA )
1.4

25000/110*
S4 max =
Stt =
P4 max
cos pt
S4 max
1 .4
25
= 27.778 ( MVA )
0. 9
27.778
= 19.841( MVA )
1.4
- 38 -
n mn hc Li in

25000/110*
S5 max =
Stt =
P5 max
cos pt
S5 max
30
= 33.333 ( MVA )
0. 9
33.333
= 23.81( MVA )
1.4
1 .4

25000/110*
S6 max =
Stt =
P6 max
cos pt
S6 max
1 .4
28
= 31.111( MVA )
0. 9
31.111
= 22.222 ( MVA )
1.4

25000/110*
Bng s liu k thut cc MBA:
Cc s liu k thut
Sm
U m , ( KV )
Un
( MVA )
Cao
16
115
11
10.5
85
25
115
11
10.5
32
115
11
10.5
Pn
Cc s liu tnh
Po
Qo
()
()
(KVAr)
21
0.85
4.38
86.7
136
120
29
0.8
2.54
55.9
200
145
35
0.75
1.87
43.5
240
(KW) (KW)
Io
- 39 -
n mn hc Li in
5.2. chn s ni dy hp l cho cc trm h p

v v s ca mng in
S ni cc trm gm c bin p loi s trm: trm ngun, trm trung gian v
trm cui.
5.2.1. Trm ngun

Do ph ti l cc h tiu th in loi I nn m bo cung cp in an ton v
lin tc ta s dng s hai h thng thang gp lm vic song song. Khi vn hnh
mt h thng thanh gp vn hnh cn mt h thng thanh gp d tr.
TG 1
TG 2
DCL
MC
DCL
MC
n trm trung gian
5.2.2. Trm trung gian

S dng s h thng thanh gp phn on trung gian
5.2.3. Trm phn phi ( trm cui )
Vi cc ph ti cch ngun cung cp c di ln hn l > 70 km th dng s
my ct v pha ng dy (cu trong), cn cc ph ti cch ngun cung cp c
di nh hn l < 70 km th dng s my ct v pha MBA (cu ngoi).
- 40 -
n mn hc Li in
l < 70 Km
l > 70 Km
S cu trong
S cu ngoi
5.2.4. V s ton mng in

Da vo cch chn cc s trm nh trn ta v s ton mng in nh sau:
(Bn v km theo)
- 41 -
n mn hc Li in
S h thng in thit k
dcl
mcll
tg i
dcl
tg ii
76.16 Km
2xAC-70
70.71 Km
2xAC-70
42.43 Km
2xAC-95
2xTPDH32000/110*
2xTDH16000/110
S1
67.08 Km
2xAC-70
2xTPDH25000/110*
2xTPDH25000/110*
S2
S3
72.11 Km
2xAC-70
70.71 Km
2xAC-70
2xTPDH25000/110*
2xTPDH25000/110*
S4
S5
- 42 -
S6
n mn hc Li in
Chng 6 :
Tnh chnh xc trng thI

vn hnh ca li in
Trong qu trnh thit k mng li in m bo an ton cho h thng v cc
yu cu k thut. Cn phi tnh ton xc nh s phn b cc dng cng sut, tn tht
cng sut, tn tht in nng v tn tht in p ca mng in ch xc lp trong
cc ch vn hnh. Tnh ch vn hnh c th bit c in p ti tng nt ca
ph ti t xem xt cch gii quyt cho ph hp nhm m bo cht lng in
nng cho cc ph ti ng thi kim tra chnh xc s cn bng cng sut phn khng
trong mng in, nu thiu ht cn tin hnh b cng bc.
6.1. ch ph tI cc i
ch ny phi vn hnh c 2 MBA trong trm. in p nh mc trn thanh
ci cao p ca nh my in khi phu ti cc i bng 110% in p nh mc ca
mng in
- ng dy N 1 : S nguyn l v s thay th ca mng in :
MBA
1
2AC-70
76.158 Km
.
.
.
SN1 S1' Z1d S1''
Q1c
.
S1=20+j9.686 MVA
TDH-16000/110
.
1 S1c
Q1cc
.
S1b Z1b
.
S1=20+j9.686 MVA
.
S1o
- 43 -
n mn hc Li in
Cc thng s ca ng dy:
1
Z1d = ( RN 1d + jX N 1d ) = 17.135 + j16.755 ( ) ,
2
B1
1
= 2 Bo l = Bo l = 1.965 104 ( S )
2
2
i vi MBA:
S1 o = 2 P1o + jQ1o = 2 ( 21 + j136 ) 103 = 0.042 + j 0.272 ( MVA )
1
1
Z1b = R1b + jX1b = ( 4.38 + j86.7 ) = 2.19 + j 43.35 ( )
2
2
Tn tht cng sut tng tr MBA c th tnh theo cng thc:

S1b =
P1 max 2 + Q1 max 2
2
U m
Z1b =
202 + 9.686 2
( 2.19 + j 43.35 )
110 2
= 0.0894 + j1.769 ( MVA )
Cng sut trc tng tr MBA l:

S1b = S1 + S1b = 20 + j 9.686 + 0.0894 + j1.769 = 20.0894 + j11.455 ( MVA )
Dng cng sut vo cun dy cao p ca MBA c gi tr:

S1c = S1b + S1o = 20.0894 + j11.455 + 0.042 + j 0.272 = 20.131 + j11.727 ( MVA )
Cng sut in dung cui ng dy l:

2
Q1cc = Um
B1
= 110 2 1.965 104 = 2.377 ( MVAr )
2
Cng sut sau tng tr ng dy c gi tr l:

S1'' = S1c jQ1cc = 20.131 + j11.727 j 2.377 = 20.131 + j9.35 ( MVA )
Tn tht cng sut trn ng dy bng:

S1d
( P ) + (Q )
=
''
1
2
U m
''
1
20.1312 + 9.352
Z1d =
(17.135 + j16.755 )
1102
= 0.698 + j 0.682 ( MVA ) .
Dng cng sut trc tng tr ng dy c gi tr:

S1' = S1'' + S1d = 20.131 + j9.35 + 0.698 + j 0.682 = 20.829 + j10.032 ( MVA )
- 44 -
n mn hc Li in
Cng sut in dung u ng dy bng:

Q1c = Q1cc = 2.377 ( MVAr )
Cng sut t ngun in truyn vo ng dy c gi tr l:

SN 1 = S1' jQ1c = 20.829 + j10.032 j 2.377 = 20.829 + j 7.654 ( MVA )
- Tnh ton tng t cho cc nhnh cn li ta c bng kt qu tnh ton sau:
Bng thng s cc phn t trong s thay th cc ng dy
ng
dy
Z d ,
B
104 , S
2
N-1
17.135+16.755i
1.96
N-2
7+9.1i
1.12
0.07+0.48i
0.935+21.75i
34+16.467i
N-3
15.91+15.556i
1.87
0.058+0.4i
1.27+27.95i
24+11.624i
N-4
15.093+14.758i
1.78
0.058+0.4i
1.27+27.95i
25+12.108i
N-5
16.225+15.864i
1.91
0.058+0.4i
1.27+27.95i
30+14.530i
N-6
15.91+15.556i
1.87
0.058+0.4i
1.27+27.95i
28+13.561i
So , MVA
Z b ,
0.042+0.272i 2.19+43.35i
S = P + jQ , MVA
20+9.686i
- 45 -
n mn hc Li in
Bng cc dng cng sut v tn tht cng sut trong tng tr MBA v
trn ng dy ni vi ngun in trong ch ph ti cc i
ng
dy
SN 1 ,
S ',
MVA
MVA
Sd ,
MVA
S '',
MVA
Qc ,
Sb ,
Sb ,
MVAr
MVA
MVA
N-1
20.829+7.654i
20.829+10.032i
0.698+0.682i
20.131+9.35i
2.377
20.089+11.455i
0.089+1.769i
N-2
35.047+17.918i
35.047+19.278i
0.866+1.126i
34.18+18.152i
1.360
34.11+19.032i
0.11+2.565i
N-3
25.069+10.048i
25.069+12.315i
0.937+0.916i
24.133+11.399i
2.267
24.075+13.267i
0.075+1.643i
N-4
26.111+10.939i
26.111+13.09i
0.972+0.951i
25.139+12.139i
2.151
25.081+13.89i
N-5
31.705+14.368i
31.705+16.68i
1.53+1.496i
30.175+15.184i
2.312
30.117+17.097i
0.117+2.567i
N-6
29.457+12.931i
29.457+15.198i
1.298+1.269i
28.16+13.929i
2.267
28.102+15.797i
0.102+2.236i
Tng
168.22+73.858i
0.081+1.782i
0.573+12.562i
6.301+6.44i
- 46 -
n mn hc Li in
- Cn bng chnh xc cng sut trong h thng:

T cc bng tnh ton trn ta tnh c cng sut yu cu trn thanh gp cao
p 110 KV ca ngun in bng:
Syc = 168.22 + j 73.858 ( MVA )
m bo iu kin cn bng cng sut trong h thng, cc ngun in phi

cung cp cng sut theo yu cu. V vy cng sut tc dng do ngun in cn
phi cung cp bng:
Pcc = 168.22 ( MW )
Ta c h s cng sut trung bnh trn thanh gp cao p ca nh my in khu

vc l cos = 0.85 , tng cng sut phn khng ca ngun in c th cung cp bng:
Qcc = Pcc tg = 168.22 0.85 = 142.987 ( MVAr )
Vy Scc = 168.133 + j142.987 ( MVA )

T kt qu trn ta nhn thy rng, cng sut phn khng do ngun cung cp ln
hn cng sut phn khang yu cu Khng cn b cng sut phn khng trong ch
ph ti cc i .
6.2. ch ph tI cc tiu
Ta c cng sut ca cc ph ti trong ch cc tiu trong bng sau:
H tiu th
Smin , MVA
1
10+4.843i
2
17+8.233i
12+5.812i 12.5+6.054i
5
15+7.265i
6
14+6.781i
Xt ch vn hnh kinh t cc trm h p khi ph ti cc tiu: Trong ch ph

ti cc tiu c th ct bt mt my bin p trong cc trm, nhng cn tha mn iu
kin sau:
S pt < Sgh = Sm .
m ( m 1) Po
Pn
- 47 -
n mn hc Li in
i vi trm c 2 my bin p th :
Sgh = Sm .
2 Po
Pn
2
2
S pt i = Pmin
+ Qmin
i
Kt qu tnh cc tr s cng sut ph ti S pt v cng sut gii hn Sgh cho trong

bng sau:
Ph ti
Sgh , MVA
11.24696
22.23387
17.38054
17.38054
17.38054
17.38054
S pt , MVA
11.11111
18.88889
13.33333
13.88889
16.66667
15.55556
T cc kt qu tnh ton trn cho thy rng, trong ch ph ti cc tiu

tt c cc trm u vn hnh 1 my bin p.
- Tnh ton ch ca mng in khi ph ti cc tiu: c tin hnh tng t
nh ch cc i, nhng ch khc l trong ch cc tiu th MBA ch c 1 my, do
So = Po + jQo v Z b = ( Rb + jX b ) . Cc kt qu tnh ton c cho trong bng sau:
MBA
1
2AC-70
76.158 Km
.
.
.
SN1 S1' Z1d S1''
Q1c
.
S1=20+j9.686 MVA
TDH-16000/110
.
1 S1c
Q1cc
.
S1b Z1b
.
S1=20+j9.686 MVA
.
S1o
S nguyn l v s thay th nhnh N-1
- 48 -
n mn hc Li in
Bng cc dng cng sut v tn tht cng sut trong tng tr MBA v
trn ng dy ni vi ngun in trong ch ph ti cc tiu
ng
dy
SN 1 ,
S ',
MVA
MVA
Sd ,
MVA
S '',
MVA
Qcc ,
Sb ,
Sb ,
MVAr
MVA
MVA
N-1
10.226+1.266i
10.226+3.643i
0.161+0.157i
10.066+3.486i
2.377
10.045+5.728i
0.045+0.885i
N-2
17.3+7.308i
17.3+8.668i
0.21+0.273i
17.09+8.395i
1.360
17.055+9.516i
0.055+1.283i
N-3
12.285+2.513i
12.285+4.78i
0.219+0.214i
12.066+4.566i
2.267
12.037+6.634i
0.037+0.821i
N-4
12.798+3.066i
12.798+5.217i
0.228+0.223i
12.569+4.994i
2.151
12.54+6.945i
0.04+0.891i
N-5
15.448+4.477i
15.448+6.789i
0.361+0.353i
15.087+6.436i
2.312
15.058+8.548i
0.058+1.283i
N-6
14.385+3.863i
14.385+6.13i
0.305+0.299i
14.08+5.832i
2.267
14.051+7.899i
0.051+1.118i
Tng
82.442+22.492i
1.484+1.518i
0.287+6.281i
- 49 -
n mn hc Li in
6.3. ch ph tI sau s c
S c trong mng in thit k c th xy ra s c l khi mt mch trn ng dy
hai mch ngng vic lin kt cc ngun cung cp in vi cc h tiu th. Ta xt
trng hp nng n nht l t mt ng dy in mch kn khi h thng vn hnh
ch ph ti cc i.
Lc ny th in tr, in khng ca ng dy tng ln 2 ln, cn in dn ca
ng dy gim i 2 ln So = 2 ( Po + jQo ) v Z d = ( Rd + jX d ) ,
B1
1
= Bo l
2
2
Tnh ton tng t nh trong trng hp ph ti cc i ta c bng kt qu sau:
MBA
1
2AC-70
76.158 Km
.
.
.
SN1 S1' Z1d S1''
Q1c
.
S1=20+j9.686 MVA
TDH-16000/110
.
1 S1c
Q1cc
.
S1b Z1b
.
S1=20+j9.686 MVA
.
S1o
S nguyn l v thay th nhnh N-1
- 50 -
n mn hc Li in
Bng kt qu tnh cc thng s ch sau s c
ng
dy
SN 1 ,
S ',
MVA
MVA
Sd ,
MVA
S '',
MVA
Qcc ,
Sb ,
Sb ,
MVAr
MVA
MVA
N-1
21.527+8.337i
21.527+10.714i
1.395+1.364i
20.131+9.35i
1.189
20.089+11.455i
0.089+1.769i
N-2
35.913+19.044i
35.913+20.405i
1.733+2.253i
34.18+18.152i
0.680
34.11+19.032i
0.11+2.565i
N-3
26.006+10.963i
26.006+13.231i
1.873+1.832i
24.133+11.399i
1.134
24.075+13.267i
0.075+1.643i
N-4
27.083+11.889i
27.083+14.04i
1.944+1.901i
25.139+12.139i
1.075
25.081+13.89i
0.081+1.782i
N-5
33.235+15.864i
33.235+18.176i
3.06+2.992i
30.175+15.184i
1.156
30.117+17.097i
0.117+2.567i
N-6
30.755+14.2i
30.755+16.467i
2.596+2.538i
28.16+13.929i
1.134
28.102+15.797i
0.102+2.236i
Tng
174.52+80.298i
12.602+12.88i
0.573+12.562i
- 51 -
n mn hc Li in
6.4. tnh in p cc nt trong mng in

a. Ch ph ti cc i
Trong ch ph ti cc i th in p trn thanh ci ca ngun in l
U N = 121 KV .
- on N-1:
in p trn thanh gp cao p ca trm bin p 1 l :
U1 = U N
P ' Rd + Q ' X d
UN
= 121
20.829 17.135 + 10.032 16.755

=116.661 KV
121
in p trn thanh gp h p ca trm bin p quy v cao p l:
U1q = U1
Pb Rb + Qb X b
U1
= 116.661
20.089 2.19 + 11.455 43.35

= 112.027 KV
116.661
- Tnh in p trn cc ng dy cn li c thc hin tng t:

Kt qu tnh ton in p trn thanh gp cao p ca trm v in p h p ca trm
quy i v in p cao trong ch ph ti cc i c cho trong bng sau:
Trm bin p
Ui max , KV
116.661
117.522
116.120
116.146
114.562
115.173
U q max , KV
112.027
113.729
112.664
112.529
110.057
111.029
b. Ch ph ti cc tiu
Trong ch ph ti cc tiu th in p trn thanh ci ca ngun in l
U N = 115.5 KV , trm bin p ch vn hnh vi mt my bin p.

- on N-1
in p trn thanh gp cao p ca trm l:
- 52 -
n mn hc Li in
U1 = U N
P ' Rd + Q ' X d
UN
= 115.5
20.829 17.135 + 10.032 16.755

=113.454 KV
115.5
U1q = U1
= 113.454
Pb Rb + Qb X b
U1
10.045 4.38 + 5.728 86.7

= 112.027 KV
113.454

quy i v in p cao trong ch ph ti cc tiu c cho trong bng sau:
Trm bin p
Ui min , KV
113.454
113.769
113.164
113.161
112.397
112.693
U q min , KV
108.690
109.850
109.617
109.449
107.806
108.458
c. Ch ph ti sau s c
Trong ch s c th in p trn thanh ci ca ngun in l U N = 121 KV ,
trong ch ny th ng dy truyn ti t ngun n trm bin p l l n.
- on N-1:
in p trn thanh gp cao p ca trm bin p 1 l :
U1 = U N
= 121
P ' Rd + Q ' X d
UN
21.527 34.27 + 10.714 33.51
=111.936 KV
121
- 53 -
n mn hc Li in
U1q = U1
Pb Rb + Qb X b
U1
= 111.936
20.089 2.19 + 11.455 43.35

= 107.107 KV
111.936

quy i v in p cao trong ch ph ti sau s c c cho trong bng sau:
Trm bin p
Ui sc , KV
111.936
113.776
110.766
110.825
107.328
108.685
U q sc , KV
107.107
109.857
107.135
107.028
102.512
104.287
- 54 -
n mn hc Li in
Chng 7 :
La chn cc phng thc

iu chnh in p
in p l mt trong nhng ch tiu cht lng in nng quan trng, trong ch
tiu v lch in p l ch tiu quan trng nht trong qu trnh vn hnh ph ti
thay i t cc i n cc tiu, hoc khi xy ra s c nng n, dn n in p trn
thanh gp h p ca trm thay i vt qu gii hn cho php. m bo c
lch in p ca h tiu th nm trong gii hn cho php th cn phi tin hnh iu
chnh in p.
Theo thit k tt c cc ph ti trong mng in thit k u l h tiu th loi I v
c yu cu iu chnh in p khc thng. ng thi cc gi tr in p trn thanh
gp h p quy v cao p ca cc trm trong ch ph ti cc i, cc tiu v sau s
c khc nhau tng i nhiu. Do m bo cht lng in p cung cp cho
cc h tiu th cn s dng cc MBA iu chnh in p di ti.
i vi trm c yu cu iu chnh in p khc thng, lch in p trn
thanh gp h p ca trm c quy nh nh sau:
Trong ch ph ti cc i: U max % = +5%
Trong ch ph ti cc tiu: U min % = 0%
Trong ch sau s c : U sc % = 0 +5%
in p yu cu trn thanh gp h p ca trm c xc nh theo cng thc sau:
U yc = U m + U % U m
- 55 -
n mn hc Li in
Trong U m l in p nh mc ca mng in h p. i vi mng in thit

k U m = 10 KV v vy in p trn thanh gp h p ca trm khi :
- Ph ti cc i: U yc max = 10 +
5
10 = 10.5 KV
100
- Ph ti cc tiu: U yc min = 10 +
0
10 = 10 KV
100
- Trong ch sau s c : U yc sc = 10 +
5
10 = 10.5 KV
100
Kt qu tnh in p trn thanh gp h p ca cc trm, quy i v pha in p

cao trong cc ch ph ti cc i, ph ti cc tiu, ch sau s c cho trong bng
sau:
1
Trm bin p
U q max , KV
112.027 113.729 112.664 112.529 110.057 111.029
U q min , KV
108.690 109.850 109.617 109.449 107.806 108.458
U q sc , KV
107.107 109.857 107.135 107.028 102.512 104.287
iu chnh in p ta dng MBA iu chnh di ti c phm vi iu chnh l
9 1.78% , v c Uc m = 115 KV , U h m = 11 KV .
in p ca u iu chnh tiu chun c tnh theo cng thc:
Utc i = Uc m ( n E % ) U c m
Bng in p u iu chnh tiu chun :
n
Utc
115
133.423
131.376
129.329
127.282
125.235
123.188
121.141
119.094
117.047
-1
-2
-3
-4
-8
-9
98.624
96.577
-5
-6
-7
112.953 110.906 108.859 106.812 104.765 102.718 100.671
- 56 -
n mn hc Li in
7.1. chn cc u iu chnh trong mBA trm 1

a. Ch ph ti cc i
in p tnh ton ca u iu chnh ca MBA c xc nh theo cng thc:
U c max =
U q max U h m
U yc max
112.027 11
= 117.362 KV
10.5
Chn u iu chnh tiu chun l n = 9, khi in p ca u iu chnh tiu

chun l Utc max = 117.047 KV
in p thc trn thanh gp h p l:
Ut max = U q max
U h m
Utc max
= 112.027
11
= 10.528 KV
117.047
in p lch trn thanh gp h p bng:
U max % =
Ut max U m
U m
10.528 10
= 5.283%
10
b. Ch ph ti cc tiu
in p tnh ton ca u iu chnh ca MBA:
U c min =
U q min U h m
U yc min
108.69 11
= 119.559 KV
10

chun l Utc min = 119.094 KV
Ut max = U q min
U h m
Utc min
= 108.69
11
= 10.039 KV
119.094
U min % =
Ut min U m
U m
10.039 10
= 0.39 %
10
- 57 -
n mn hc Li in
c. Ch ph ti sau s c
in p tnh ton ca u iu chnh ca MBA:
U c sc =
U q sc U h m
U yc sc
107.107 11
= 112.207 KV
10.5

chun l Utc sc = 112.953 KV
Ut max = U q sc
U h m
Utc sc
= 107.107
11
= 10.431 KV
112.953
U sc % =
Ut sc U m
U m
10.431 10
= 4.306 %
10
7.2. chn cc u iu chnh trong mBA trm cn

li
Chn cc u iu chnh ca cc MBA cn li c tin hnh tng t nh trong
MBA ca trm 1. Cc kt qu tnh ton iu chnh in p trong mng in cho trong
bng sau:
U tc max
U tc min
U tc sc
U t max
U t min
U t sc
U max
U min
U sc
KV
KV
KV
KV
KV
KV
117.047
119.094
112.953
10.528
10.039
10.431
5.283
0.390
4.306
119.094
121.141
115
10.504
9.975
10.508
5.044
-0.253
5.081
119.094
121.141
112.953
10.406
9.954
10.433
4.061
-0.464
4.334
117.047
121.141
112.953
10.575
9.938
10.423
5.754
-0.617
4.230
115
119.094
106.812
10.527
9.957
10.557
5.272
-0.426
5.572
117.047
119.094
108.859
10.434
10.018
10.538
4.345
0.176
5.380
Trm
BA
- 58 -
n mn hc Li in
Chng 8 :
Cc ch tiu kinh t k
thut ca mng in
8.1. vn u t xy dng mng in
Tng vn u t xy dng mng in c xc nh theo cng thc:
K = K + Kt
Trong :
- K : l vn u t xy dng ng dy
- K t : l vn u t xy dng cc trm bin p
Nh Chng 4 tnh ta c K = 137. 944 109

Vn u t cho cc trm c xc nh theo bng sau:
Cng sut nh mc, MVA

6
Gi thnh,10 /trm (B)
16
25
32
40
63
125
13000
19000
22000
25000
35000
61000
Trong h thng in c 6 trm bin p, ng thi mi trm c 2 MBA, vn u t

cho cc trm h p c xc nh theo cng thc:
K t i = 1.8 B
- 59 -
n mn hc Li in
Bng tnh ton tng vn u t cho trm bin p:

Dung lng my ,MVA
Kt i ,106
Trm
S my
16
23400
32
39600
25
34200
25
34200
25
34200
25
34200
Tng
199800
Nh vy tng vn u t cho trm bin p c gi tr: Kt = 199.8 109

Do tng vn u t xy dng mng in l:
K = K + K t = 137.944 109 + 199.8 109 = 337.744 109

8.2. tng tn tht tc dng trong mng in
Tn tht cng sut tc dng trong mng in gm c tn tht cng sut trn ng
dy v tn tht cng sut tc dng trong cc trm bin p ch ph ti cc i.
Theo kt qu tnh ton Chng 4 ta c tng tn tht cng sut tc dng trn
ng dy bng l : Pd = 6.295 MW
V tng tn tht cng sut tc dng trong cc cun dy ca cc MBA c gi tr:
Pb = 0.573 MW
Tng tn tht cng sut trong li thp ca cc MBA: Po = Po i =0.344 MW
Nh vy tng tn tht cng sut tc dng trong mng in l:
P = Pd + Pb + Po = 6.259 + 0.573 + 0.344 = 7.212 MW

Tn tht cng sut ca mng in tnh theo % :
- 60 -
n mn hc Li in
P% =
P
7.212
100 =
100 = 4.48%
161
Pmax
8.3. tn tht in nng trong mng in

Tng tn tht in nng trong mng in c xc nh theo cng thc:
A = ( Pd + Pb ) + Po t
Trong :
- : l thi gian tn tht cng sut ln nht
- t : l thi gian cc MBA lm vic trong nm
V cc MBA vn hnh song song c nm nn t = 8760 h

Thi gian tn tht cng sut ln nht c th xc nh theo cng thc sau:
= 0.124 + 5000 104 8760 = 3410.934 h
Do tn tht in nng trong mng in bng:
A = ( 6.295 + 0.573) 3410.934 + 0.344 8760

= 26 439.735 MW .h
Tng in nng cc h tiu th nhn c trong nm bng:
A = Pmax Tmax = 161 5000 = 805 103 MW .h

Tn tht in nng trong mng in tnh theo % l:
A% =
A
26 439.735
100 =
100 = 3.284 %
A
805000
8.4. tnh chi ph v gi thnh

a. Chi ph vn hnh hng nm
Cc chi ph vn hnh hng nm trong mng in c xc nh theo cng thc:
Y = avh .K + avht .Kt + A.c

Trong :
-
avh : l h s vn hnh i vi cc ng dy trong mng in avh = 0.07
avht : h s vn hnh cc thit b trong tram bin p avht = 0.1
- c : l gi 1kW.h in nng tn tht (c = 500 /kw.h)
- 61 -
n mn hc Li in
Nh vy :
Y = 0.07 137.944 109 + 0.1 199.8 109 + 805 103 500

= 30.04 109
b. Chi ph tnh ton hng nm
Chi ph tnh ton hng nm c xc nh theo cng thc:
Z = atc .K + Y = 0.125 337.744 109 + 30.04 109 = 72.258 109

c. Gi thnh truyn ti in nng
Gi thnh truyn ti in nng c xc nh theo cng thc:
Y 30.04 109
= =
= 37.32 / KW .h
A
805 106
d. Gi thnh xy dng 1MW cng sut ph ti trong ch cc i
Ko =
K
337.744 109
=
= 2.098 109 / MW
161
Pmax
- 62 -
n mn hc Li in
Cc ch tiu kinh t - k thut ca h thng in thit k

Cc ch tiu
n v
Gi tr
Tng cng sut ph ti khi cc i
MW
161
Tng chiu di ng dy
Km
399.20
Tng cng sut cc MBA h p
MVA
296
Tng vn u t cho mng in
109
337.744
Tng vn u t v ng dy
109
137.944
Tng vn u t v cc trm bin p
109
199.8
MW.h
805 103
U max bt
5.43
U max sc
10.85
Tng in nng cc ph ti tiu th
Tng tn tht cng sut P
MW
7.212
Tng tn tht cng sut P
4.48
Tng tn tht in nng A
MWh
26439.735
Tng tn tht in nng A
3.284
Chi ph vn hnh hng nm
109
30.04
Chi ph tnh ton hng nm
109
72.258
/KW.h
37.32
Gi thnh truyn ti in nng
Gi thnh xy dng 1MW cng sut khi ph ti cc i 109 /MW
2.098
- 63 -

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n mn hc Li in

Trng i hc Bch Khoa H Ni

Chn s lng, cng sut mBA v s ni dy.- 37 -

Trng i hc Bch Khoa H Ni

5.1. chn mBA..................................................................................................................- 37 5.2. chn s ni dy hp l cho cc trm h p v v s ca

Trng i hc Bch Khoa H Ni

Sinh vin thc hin :

Trng i hc Bch Khoa H Ni

Phn tch ngun v ph ti

1.1. phn tch c im ca ngun

1.2. Phn tch c im ca tI

Trng i hc Bch Khoa H Ni

K/c n ngun (Km)

Tng c 6 ph ti loi I, yu cu iu chnh in p l khc thng. Tng cng

Ph ti c phn b tng i u xung quanh ngun in. Khong cch ln nht

Trng i hc Bch Khoa H Ni

Cn bng cng sut trong

2.1. cn bng cng sut tc dng

: l tng cng sut pht.

P : l tng cng sut yu cu .

Trng i hc Bch Khoa H Ni

: l tng cng sut cu tt cc cc ph ti trong ch cc

P : l tng tht cng sut trong h thng (bao gm tn tht trn

ng dy v tn tht trong MBA).

Ptd : l tng cng sut t dng trong nh my.

Pdt : l tng cng sut d tr cn thit trong nh my.

Ptd , Pdt do qu b nn ta c th b qua .

= P1 + P2 + P3 + P4 + P5 + P6 = 161 ( MW ) (nh tnh phn I).

= 0.08 161= 12.880 ( MW ) .

Pyc = 1 161 +12.880 + 0 + 0 = 173.880 ( MW ) .

Vy : trong ch ph ti max cng sut tc dng pht ra ca h thng l:

2.2. cn bng cng sut phn khng

: l tng cng sut phn khng pht ra.

Trng i hc Bch Khoa H Ni

Q = P tg (vi cos = 0.85 tg = 0.6197 )

Q : l tng cng sut phn khng ca ph ti ch cc i.

Do ta khng cn tin hnh b cng sut phn khng, m ch cn iu chnh

Trng i hc Bch Khoa H Ni

Chn phng n cung cp

3.1. d kin cc phng n ni dy ca mng

Trng i hc Bch Khoa H Ni

Trng i hc Bch Khoa H Ni

Trng i hc Bch Khoa H Ni

Um = 4,34 l + 16.P (KV)

Trng i hc Bch Khoa H Ni

F : l tit din tnh ton ca dy dn theo mt kinh t

I lv max i : l dng in chy trong dy dn ch ph ti cc i c xc nh theo

Jkt : l mt dng kinh t ca dy dn (A/ mm 2 ).

- Kim tra li bng iu kin pht nng :

I cp l dng in cho php ca dy dn.(ph thuc vo bn cht ca dy dn)

Vi in p U m 110 ( KV ) tit din dy dn cn chn c F 70 mm 2 m

Trng i hc Bch Khoa H Ni

- Tn tht in p ch s c c xc nh bng cng thc:

iu kin phng n c chp nhn l :

Do cc h ph ti u l h loi I nn ta dng my bin

Trng i hc Bch Khoa H Ni

Ta thy 70 (KV) < Um < 150 (KV)

b. La chn tit din dy dn v kim tra li bng iu kin pht nng

Tit din tnh ton l :

Chn tit din tiu chun l Ftc = 70 mm 2 loi dy AC-70 c I cp = 265 A,

Gi thit t mt dy dn lc ph ti ang s dng cng sut cc i:

Trng i hc Bch Khoa H Ni

c. Xc nh tn tht in p trong mng in

20 76.158 0.45 + 9.686 76.158 0.44